CN112598981A

CN112598981A - Automatic control wave optical demonstrator

Info

Publication number: CN112598981A
Application number: CN202011368511.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨广武
Original assignee: Tianjin Fast Bird Education Technology Co ltd; Tianjin Sino German University of Applied Sciences
Current assignee: Tianjin Fast Bird Education Technology Co ltd; Tianjin Sino German University of Applied Sciences
Priority date: 2020-11-30
Filing date: 2020-11-30
Publication date: 2021-04-02

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of physical teaching and science popularization instruments, and particularly relates to an automatic control wave optics demonstration instrument which comprises a frame, a shell, a double-color laser source, a rotary drum, a speed reducing motor, a polarized light source, a rotary polarizing film, a polarizing motor, a linear array CCD transverse moving assembly and a magnetic scale; the device has high integration degree, and one instrument can demonstrate various fluctuating optical contents such as single slit diffraction, single wire diffraction, small hole diffraction, double slit and multiple slit interference, one-dimensional grating diffraction, two-dimensional grating diffraction, polarization and the like.

Description

Automatic control wave optical demonstrator

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of physical teaching and science popularization instruments, and particularly relates to an automatic control wave optical demonstration instrument.

Background

The fluctuation of light is an important component of large and medium school physical course teaching and public-oriented science popularization, so that optical experimental equipment is widely applied to teaching and science popularization. However, with the development of society and science and technology, the labor cost in each work is obviously increased, and especially in a popular science venue and a physical demonstration laboratory, a certain working pressure is added to workers along with the increase of the open time, so that the maintenance cost of instruments is increased, and the utilization rate is reduced. The prior art needs manual adjustment, and a certain technical foundation is needed for operation in the demonstration process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic control wave optical demonstration instrument to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an automatic control wave optics demonstration instrument is characterized in that: the device comprises a frame, a shell, a double-color laser source, a rotary drum, a speed reducing motor, a polarized light source, a rotary polarizing film, a polarizing motor, a linear array CCD transverse moving assembly and a magnetic scale; the double-color laser source is arranged on a double-color light source beam extending leftwards from the right side of the frame, the speed reducing motor is arranged on the left side of the frame, the rotary drum is a transversely-placed cylinder with a bottom, the bottom is coaxially fixed with a speed reducing motor shaft, one of a single-slit component, a single-wire component, a small-hole component, a double-slit multi-slit component, a one-dimensional grating component and an orthogonal grating component is arranged on the drum wall at different radiation angles, the polarization light source is arranged on a polarization light source beam traversing the frame, is parallel to the light emitting direction of the double-color laser source and points to the front of an instrument, the rotary polaroid is arranged right in front of the polarization light source and is in a coaxial position with the source; the linear array CCD transverse moving assembly comprises a set of double-optical-axis transverse moving rails, a sliding table is arranged on each double-optical-axis transverse moving rail, a linear array CCD is arranged on each sliding table, and a sliding table motor drives the sliding table to drive the linear array CCD to transversely move left and right through a synchronous belt; the frame is externally provided with a lightproof shell, wherein the front shell is provided with holes which are long up and down at the positions opposite to the irradiation positions of the bicolor laser source and the polarized light source, so that interference, diffraction and polarized light can be projected out of the shell; the magnetic scale is provided with scales on the front surface and is attracted on the blackboard.

Preferably, the side surface of the rotary drum is provided with a light blocking strip, and a photoelectric limit switch is arranged at a position corresponding to the frame. The rotating drum rotates for a circle, and the light blocking strip passes through the primary limit switch.

Preferably, the rotating polarizer is an outer ring fixed on the frame, the inner ring is provided with a polarizer, and the inner ring can rotate around the optical axis of the polarized light source under the driving of the polarizing motor through the coupler.

Preferably, the light blocking strip is arranged on the sliding table, a photoelectric limit switch is arranged at a corresponding position of the frame, and the light blocking strip can pass through the limit switch when the sliding table moves transversely.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the integration degree is high, and one instrument can demonstrate various fluctuating optical contents such as single slit diffraction, single filament diffraction, small hole diffraction, double slit and multiple slit interference, one-dimensional grating diffraction, two-dimensional grating diffraction, polarization and the like;

2. the degree of automation is high, can demonstrate automatically through button, cell-phone, computer, or touch the screen control of taking measures, in case need not artifical the regulation after the calibration.

3. Automatic demonstration and delayed automatic shutdown are realized through electronic technologies such as a single chip microcomputer, namely, the shutdown can be carried out after a certain time (such as three minutes) is set under the condition of no human operation.

4. The bottom and the rear part of the instrument are provided with bottom feet, and the instrument can work in a flat mode and a vertical mode. When the laser is vertical, the light is projected to the ceiling, so that the space is saved, and the safety of laser use is ensured.

5. Use WIFI or infrared radio communication, visual interface, the operation is succinct, and is convenient understandable, simplifies the circuit wiring, and data transfer is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one aspect of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention in a second orientation;

fig. 3 is a third middle view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-3, an automatic control wave optics demonstration instrument comprises a frame 1, a shell, a two-color laser source 2, a rotary drum 3, a speed reducing motor 4, a polarized light source 5, a rotary polarizing film 6, a polarizing motor 7, a linear array CCD traverse component and a magnetic scale;

the frame constitutes the outer contour of the device, all components being mounted inside the frame. The bicolor laser source is mounted on a bicolor light source beam 8 extending leftward from the right side of the frame. The gear motor is installed on the left side of the frame, and the rotary drum is coaxially fixed with a gear motor shaft. The polarized light source is mounted on a polarized light source beam 9 traversing the frame, and the rotating polarizer is mounted directly in front of the polarized light source and in a coaxial position with the source. A polarization motor is arranged below the polarization light source beam and connected with and drives the rotary polaroid through a coupler. The linear array CCD module is arranged at the front upper part of the frame.

The bicolor laser source is a double-beam parallel and collimation adjusting device (publication number CN 104570375B).

The rotating drum is a cylinder with a bottom which is transversely arranged, the bottom is coaxially fixed with a speed reducing motor shaft, and optical elements 10 such as a single-slit component, a monofilament component, a small-hole component, a double-slit and multi-slit component, a one-dimensional grating component, an orthogonal grating component and the like are arranged on the wall of the drum at different radiation angles. Wherein, the single slit subassembly is transversely cut five width different narrow light transmission seams for parallel on the opaque sheet metal. The monofilament component is formed by transversely and parallelly mounting opaque filaments with different diameters in a transparent frame. The small hole component is a non-transparent thin plate and is provided with a plurality of pairs of different holes, each pair of holes are two same holes which are arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the transverse direction, the plurality of pairs of holes are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction, and the switches of the holes comprise large round holes, small round holes, triangular holes, square holes and rectangular holes with different diameters. The double-seam multi-seam component is formed by printing double seams or multi-seam combinations with the same seam width but different intervals and numbers on a film, and comprises multiple groups of double seams with different intervals, and double seams, three seams and five seams with the same intervals. The one-dimensional grating component is formed by splicing a plurality of transmission gratings with different grating constants in the same direction. The orthogonal grating is formed by longitudinally arranging a plurality of square grid areas on the transparent bottom plate, and the grid line spacing in each area is different from that in other areas.

The side of the rotary drum is provided with a light blocking strip, and the position corresponding to the frame is provided with a photoelectric limit switch 11. The rotating drum rotates for a circle, and the light blocking strip passes through the primary limit switch.

The polarized light source is expanded laser or common light source with directivity, and is parallel to the light emitting direction of the bicolor laser source and points to the front of the instrument.

The front end of the polarized light source is close to the light source and is provided with a light source polaroid used as a polarizer, and the emergent light path of the polarized light source is provided with a rotating polaroid used as an analyzer. The rotating polaroid is an outer ring fixed on the frame, the inner ring is provided with the polaroid, and the inner ring can rotate around the optical axis of the polarized light source under the driving of the polarized motor through the coupler.

The linear array CCD transverse moving assembly comprises a set of double-optical-axis transverse moving track 12, a sliding table 13 is arranged on the track, a linear array CCD 14 is arranged on the sliding table, and a sliding table motor 15 drives the sliding table to drive the linear array CCD to transversely move left and right through a synchronous belt. The light blocking strip is arranged on the sliding table, the photoelectric limit switch is arranged at the corresponding position of the frame, and the light blocking strip can pass through the limit switch when the sliding table moves transversely.

The instrument frame is externally provided with a lightproof shell, wherein the front shell is provided with a hole which is long up and down at the position which is over against the irradiation of the bicolor laser source and the polarized light source, so that interference, diffraction and polarized light can be projected out of the shell. The position of the optical element irradiated with the laser and the position of the CCD are marked on the housing. The outer shell is provided with a power socket, a main switch and an infrared emission head.

The bottom and the rear part of the shell are provided with bottom feet, and the shell can be used in a flat mode (forward light projection) and a vertical mode (upward light projection).

The magnetic scale is provided with scales on the front surface and can be sucked on a blackboard.

The electric control assembly comprises a main controller, a WIFI module, a speed reduction motor driver, a sliding table motor driver, a polarization motor driver, a direct-current power supply, a switch, a wire and an infrared emission head, and is provided with a remote controller.

The direct current power supply is input into the main controller through the main switch, and the main controller controls the rotary drum motor to rotate to a certain angle by taking a rotary drum limit switch signal as a starting point so that the double-color light source irradiates a certain optical component to generate an interference or diffraction phenomenon; the sliding table limit switch is used as a starting point to control the sliding table motor to drive the sliding table and the linear array CCD to move transversely, when the sliding table motor moves to a diffraction light projection position, the sliding table motor stops, and CCD software is started to measure and display; the polarization motor driver controls the polarization motor to stop every 90 degrees of rotation.

The instrument device has two operation modes. Firstly, the operation is carried out through an infrared remote controller, and secondly, the operation is carried out through a mobile phone or a computer.

1. Operation of infrared remote controller

The remote controller carries out wireless communication through an infrared receiving emitter on the instrument. When the remote controller key is pressed, the infrared receiving head on the instrument can receive the signal and carry out corresponding operation. The specific operation is as follows:

(1) power-on of host

(2) After the key 1 is pressed, the instrument can automatically reset.

(3) After the key 2 is pressed, the instrument automatically operates, namely, the bicolor laser lights up, the optical element on the rotary drum moves to a specified position and stays at the specified position for 3-5 seconds, then the rotary drum rotates to the next optical element to stay until all the optical elements complete demonstration through interference and diffraction functions, and then the instrument stops, and the bicolor laser is turned off.

(4) After the key 3 is pressed, the instrument can run in a single step, namely the key is pressed to be lightened by bicolor laser, the rotary drum rotates to a position every time the key is pressed, the laser lights one interference or diffraction unit, and after the key is pressed again, the rotary drum rotates to the next optical unit to stop and project an interference or diffraction phenomenon.

(5) After the key 4 is pressed down, the ccd device can move to the light path to automatically measure the width of interference or diffraction fringes, and after the ccd device is pressed down again, the ccd device moves to the initial position, the interference diffraction phenomenon throws out an instrument again, and the phenomenon can be observed on a blackboard or a wall. The measurement can be quantified by attracting the magnetic scale to the blackboard.

(6) After the key 5 is pressed, the polarized light source is lightened, the rotating polaroid rotates by 90 degrees, and the projected light becomes dark from bright; pressing the key 5 again rotates the polarizer by 90 degrees, and the projected light is changed from dark to light.

(7) When the key 6 is pressed down or no operation instruction is given for 3 minutes, the instrument is in a dormant state, and in the dormant state, the instrument cannot work and cannot receive other key instructions. After being pressed again, the instrument can work normally.

2. Mobile phone or computer operation:

the mobile phone or the computer is in remote communication with the instrument device through WiFi. The experimental phenomena of light interference, diffraction, polarization and the like are demonstrated by controlling the instrument on the webpage interface, and meanwhile, the interference and diffraction phenomena can be subjected to data measurement by using the ccd at the computer end. The specific operation is as follows:

(1) the instrument is powered on.

(2) And opening a browser on the mobile phone or the computer to input an IP address and opening an operation interface.

(3) And after the key on the interface is pressed, the corresponding function can be realized, and the specific steps are the same as the operation (2-7) steps of the infrared remote controller.

It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic control wave optics demonstration instrument is characterized in that: the device comprises a frame, a shell, a double-color laser source, a rotary drum, a speed reducing motor, a polarized light source, a rotary polarizing film, a polarizing motor, a linear array CCD transverse moving assembly and a magnetic scale; the double-color laser source is arranged on a double-color light source beam extending leftwards from the right side of the frame, the speed reducing motor is arranged on the left side of the frame, the rotary drum is a transversely-placed cylinder with a bottom, the bottom is coaxially fixed with a speed reducing motor shaft, one of a single-slit component, a single-wire component, a small-hole component, a double-slit multi-slit component, a one-dimensional grating component and an orthogonal grating component is arranged on the drum wall at different radiation angles, the polarization light source is arranged on a polarization light source beam traversing the frame, is parallel to the light emitting direction of the double-color laser source and points to the front of an instrument, the rotary polaroid is arranged right in front of the polarization light source and is in a coaxial position with the source; the linear array CCD transverse moving assembly comprises a set of double-optical-axis transverse moving rails, a sliding table is arranged on each double-optical-axis transverse moving rail, a linear array CCD is arranged on each sliding table, and a sliding table motor drives the sliding table to drive the linear array CCD to transversely move left and right through a synchronous belt; the frame is externally provided with a lightproof shell, wherein the front shell is provided with holes which are long up and down at the positions opposite to the irradiation positions of the bicolor laser source and the polarized light source, so that interference, diffraction and polarized light can be projected out of the shell; the magnetic scale is provided with scales on the front surface and is attracted on the blackboard.

2. The automatically controlled wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, wherein: the side of the rotating drum is provided with a light blocking strip, the position corresponding to the frame is provided with a photoelectric limit switch, the rotating drum rotates for a circle, and the light blocking strip passes through the primary limit switch.

3. The automatically controlled wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating polaroid is characterized in that the outer ring is fixed on the frame, the inner ring is provided with the polaroid, and the inner ring can rotate around the optical axis of the polarized light source under the driving of the polarized motor through the coupler.

4. The automatically controlled wave optics demonstrator according to claim 1, wherein: the light blocking strip is arranged on the sliding table, the photoelectric limit switch is arranged at the corresponding position of the frame, and the light blocking strip can pass through the limit switch when the sliding table moves transversely.