CN112595370A - Temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on single bus - Google Patents
Temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on single bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN112595370A CN112595370A CN202110020162.1A CN202110020162A CN112595370A CN 112595370 A CN112595370 A CN 112595370A CN 202110020162 A CN202110020162 A CN 202110020162A CN 112595370 A CN112595370 A CN 112595370A
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Abstract
The application provides a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on a single bus, which comprises the single bus, a control unit and an output branch, wherein an input interface of the single bus is used for acquiring temperature and humidity information of a temperature and humidity sensor; the control unit comprises at least four control branches, the input ends of the control branches are used for receiving control instructions of the processor, and the output ends of the control branches are connected with the single bus interface; the control unit controls the single bus to acquire temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor through different control branches according to the control instruction; the input end of the output branch is connected with the input interface of the single bus, and the output end of the output branch is used for connecting the input end of the processor; and the output branch is used for sending the temperature and humidity information to a processor. The temperature and humidity acquisition circuit can intelligently adjust the loading capacity of the circuit, and meets the acquisition and communication requirements of single-bus temperature and humidity sensors with various quantities and distances.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of signal acquisition, and particularly relates to a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on a single bus.
Background
Along with the rapid development of industries, automatic control has been advanced to various industries, and in the automatic control process of different industries, temperature and humidity information needs to be collected, for example: in the power industry, the environmental temperature and humidity of solar power generation system equipment need to be monitored; when the storage battery is charged, the temperature and humidity of the storage battery need to be monitored, and the phenomenon that the service life is influenced by overhigh temperature and humidity of the storage battery or the charging efficiency is reduced due to overlow temperature and humidity is prevented; and so on.
In the existing temperature and humidity acquisition equipment, temperature and humidity acquisition is generally realized through a temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor is a temperature and humidity sensitive resistor, an integrated constant current source, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) chip for AD sampling and a pull-up resistor (such as 4.7k omega and 2.2k omega resistors) with a fixed resistance value are required to be used in the temperature and humidity acquisition process, and the loading capacity of the temperature and humidity acquisition equipment can only meet the sensor number in a certain range and the communication distance in a certain range. If the temperature and humidity sensor quantity range or the communication distance range is exceeded, the high level voltage of the pulse sequence signal is not high, the low level is not low enough, the rising edge time of the pulse is prolonged, normal transmission cannot be achieved, and the sensor cannot work.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a humiture acquisition circuit based on a single bus, which is used for overcoming the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a humiture acquisition circuit based on single bus includes:
the input interface of the single bus is used for acquiring temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor;
the control unit comprises at least four control branches, the input ends of the control branches are used for receiving control instructions of the processor, and the output ends of the control branches are connected with the single bus interface; the control unit controls the single bus to acquire temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor through different control branches according to the control instruction;
the input end of the output branch is connected with the input interface of the single bus, and the output end of the output branch is used for connecting the input end of the processor; and the output branch is used for sending the temperature and humidity information to a processor.
Preferably, the processor is a single chip microcomputer, and the chip model is STM32F103VET 6.
Preferably, the control unit comprises a first control branch, a second control branch, a third control branch and a fourth control branch;
the input end of the first control branch is used for connecting a first output pin of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the first control branch is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the input end of the second control branch is used for connecting a second output pin of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the second control branch is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the input end of the third control branch is used for connecting a third output pin of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the third control branch is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the input end of the fourth control branch is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the output end of the fourth control branch is connected with the single bus interface; the fourth control branch can realize communication distances between the load with at most N1 temperature and humidity sensors and S1 meters; wherein N1 is a positive integer, S1 > 0;
the third control branch and the second control branch are opened simultaneously, and the control unit can load N2 temperature and humidity sensors and a communication distance of S2 meters; wherein N2 is more than N1, and S2 is more than S1;
the third control branch and the first control branch are opened simultaneously, and the control unit can load N3 temperature and humidity sensors and a communication distance of S3 meters; wherein N3 is more than N2, and S3 is more than S2.
Preferably, the first control branch comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first triode, a diode and a MOS field effect transistor;
the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the first output pin of the single chip microcomputer, the emitting electrode of the first triode is grounded, and the collecting electrode of the first triode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply; the first resistor is arranged between the base electrode of the first triode and the first output pin of the singlechip in series, and the second resistor is arranged between the collector electrode of the first triode and the positive electrode of the power supply in series;
the third resistor is connected with the second resistor in parallel; one end of the third resistor is connected between the collector of the first triode and the second resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the grid of the MOS field effect transistor, the source electrode of the MOS field effect transistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the drain electrode of the MOS field effect transistor is connected with the interface of the single bus;
the diode is connected with the MOS field effect transistor in parallel, the anode of the diode Q400 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS field effect transistor, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the source electrode of the MOS field effect transistor.
Preferably, the second control branch comprises a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a second triode;
the base electrode of the second triode is connected with a second output pin of the singlechip, the collector electrode of the second triode is grounded, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply;
a fourth resistor is connected between the base of the second triode and the second output pin of the singlechip in series; one end of the fifth resistor is connected between the fourth resistor and the base electrode of the second triode, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply; the sixth resistor is connected with the fifth resistor in parallel, one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the second triode.
Preferably, the third control branch comprises a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a third triode;
the base electrode of the third triode is connected with a third output pin of the single chip microcomputer, the emitting electrode of the third triode is grounded, and the collector electrode of the third triode is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode;
the seventh resistor is connected between the base of the third triode and the third output pin of the singlechip in series; one end of the eighth resistor is connected between the seventh resistor and the base electrode of the third triode, and the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded.
Preferably, the fourth control branch comprises a ninth resistor and a voltage clamping branch, one end of the ninth resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the voltage clamping branch, and the other end of the voltage clamping branch is grounded; the voltage clamping branch comprises a first voltage-stabilizing tube and a second voltage-stabilizing tube which are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the output branch comprises a bus buffer and a tenth resistor, and the tenth resistor is connected with the bus buffer in parallel;
the input end of the bus buffer is connected between the ninth resistor and the voltage clamping branch, and the output end of the bus buffer is connected with the input end of the processor;
one end of the tenth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected with the input end of the processor.
Compared with the closest prior art, the technical scheme provided by the application has the following excellent effects:
the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on the single bus comprises the single bus, a control unit and an output branch, wherein an input interface of the single bus is used for acquiring temperature and humidity information of a temperature and humidity sensor; the control unit comprises at least four control branches, the input ends of the control branches are used for receiving control instructions of the processor, and the output ends of the control branches are connected with the single bus interface; the control unit controls the single bus to acquire temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor through different control branches according to the control instruction; different control branches in the control unit can meet the communication control requirement of the same single bus input temperature and humidity signal under the conditions of different temperature and humidity sensor numbers and different communication distances, and therefore the accuracy and reliability of temperature and humidity signal transmission are improved. The input end of the output branch is connected with the input interface of the single bus, and the output end of the output branch is used for connecting the input end of the processor; and the output branch is used for sending the temperature and humidity information to a processor. The temperature and humidity signals received by the single bus are transmitted to the processor through the output branch, so that subsequent analysis and processing are conveniently completed. The temperature and humidity acquisition circuit can intelligently adjust the loading capacity of the circuit, meets the acquisition communication requirements of single-bus temperature and humidity sensors with various quantities and various distances, and is higher in applicability.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on a single bus according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit structure diagram of a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on a single bus in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. The various examples are provided by way of explanation of the application and are not limiting of the application. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present application without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present application cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
The utility model provides a humiture acquisition circuit based on single bus, including different the control unit, based on the control of singlechip, the on-load ability of intelligent adjustment humiture acquisition circuit can satisfy the communication control requirement of same single bus input humiture signal under the condition of different humiture sensor quantity and different communication distance promptly, and then improves humiture signal transmission's accuracy and reliability.
In the application, the single bus is adopted to complete the transmission of temperature and humidity signals, the single bus adopts a single signal line, not only can be used for transmitting a clock, but also can be used for transmitting data, and the data transmission is bidirectional, so that the bus has the advantages of simple line, low hardware overhead, low cost, convenience in bus expansion and maintenance and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the schematic block diagram of the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on a single bus according to the present application includes:
the input interface of the single bus is used for acquiring temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor;
the control unit comprises at least four control branches, the input ends of the control branches are used for receiving control instructions of the processor, and the output ends of the control branches are connected with the single bus interface; the control unit controls the single bus to acquire temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor through different control branches according to the control instruction;
the input end of the output branch is connected with the input interface of the single bus, and the output end of the output branch is used for connecting the input end of the processor; and the output branch is used for sending the temperature and humidity information to a processor.
The control unit of the humiture acquisition circuit of this application is according to the control command who receives, through single bus control acquisition temperature and humidity sensor's humiture information, then sends humiture information for the treater through the output branch road, and the control unit of this application includes different control branch roads, under the control action of difference, can adjust humiture acquisition circuit's area load ability.
Specifically, after a control signal is received by a control unit of the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit, a corresponding control branch can be selected to be opened, then the control signal is sent out through a unibus interface, a corresponding temperature and humidity sensor sends out a pulse sequence signal, the unibus interface receives the temperature and humidity sensor pulse sequence signal (namely, temperature and humidity information of a digital signal), and the temperature and humidity information is analyzed to obtain a signal of the temperature and humidity sensor according to a bus protocol of the temperature and humidity sensor and is transmitted in the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit in a temperature and humidity value mode. And finally, the temperature and humidity information (temperature and humidity value) is sent to a processor (single chip microcomputer) through an output branch for processing and analysis.
In the embodiment of the application, the processor is a single chip microcomputer, the model of the chip is STM32F103VET6, 100 pins are provided, and the highest main frequency reaches 72 MHz. The method adopts a simulation and downloading program mode of SWD, and adopts a temperature and humidity sensor DS18B20 with a single bus interface for meeting the single-line transmission requirement of the application, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor DS18B20 has a unique identification code and can be hung on the same bus for acquisition and communication. In another embodiment, the types of the temperature and humidity sensor GX18B20 and the temperature and humidity sensor GD5820 may be used.
Because the power consumption of each temperature and humidity sensor, the impedance of a communication cable and capacitive reactance parameters directly influence whether the collected temperature and humidity signals can be normal or not, the driving capability of a bus is automatically adjusted to drive different loads under the conditions of different sensor numbers and different communication distances in order to be matched with a single chip microcomputer program, and the single bus sensor collection of various application occasions can be realized;
the first control branch is actually an ultra-strong pull-up circuit; the input end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with a first output pin of the single-chip microcomputer, and the output end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the second control branch is actually a strong pull-up circuit; the input end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with a second output pin of the single-chip microcomputer, and the output end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the third control branch is actually a strong pull-down circuit; the input end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with a third output pin of the single-chip microcomputer, and the output end of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the fourth control branch is actually a weak pull-up circuit; the input end of the single bus interface is connected with the positive electrode of a power supply, and the output end of the single bus interface is connected with the single bus interface; the fourth control branch can realize communication distances between the load with at most N1 temperature and humidity sensors and S1 meters; wherein N1 is more than 0, S1 is more than 0;
the third control branch and the second control branch are opened simultaneously, and the control unit can load N2 temperature and humidity sensors and a communication distance of S2 meters; wherein N2 is more than N1, and S2 is more than S1;
the third control branch and the first control branch are opened simultaneously, and the control unit can load N3 temperature and humidity sensors and a communication distance of S3 meters; wherein N3 is more than N2, and S3 is more than S2.
The control unit of this application can realize the control of at least three kinds of different loads through the mode of the fourth control branch of opening alone, the first control branch and the third control branch of opening simultaneously, the second control branch of opening simultaneously and the third control branch, has improved temperature and humidity acquisition circuit's suitability.
In the embodiment of the application, when the first control branch and the third control branch are simultaneously opened, the super-strong pull-up and the super-strong pull-down are matched to load more than 100 temperature and humidity sensors and a communication distance of more than 200 meters; when the second control branch and the third control branch are opened simultaneously, the strong pull-up and the strong pull-down are matched to load 25-200 temperature and humidity sensors and the communication distance of 20-200 meters; when the fourth control branch is opened, the weak pull-up can realize the communication distance between the temperature and humidity sensors with the load of 25 at most and within 20 meters.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in a schematic circuit structure diagram of a temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on a single bus, a first control branch is actually an ultra-strong pull-up circuit, and includes a first resistor R402, a second resistor R400, a third resistor R401, a first triode Q401, a diode, and an MOS field effect transistor; the base electrode of the first triode Q401 is connected with the first output pin PEN _ CH1 of the single chip microcomputer, the emitter electrode E of the first triode Q401 is grounded, and the collector electrode C of the first triode Q401 is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply (D5V _ Ext); a first resistor R402 is arranged between the base electrode of the first triode Q401 and the first output pin of the singlechip in series, and a second resistor R400 is arranged between the collector electrode of the first triode Q401 and the positive electrode (D5V _ Ext) of the power supply in series; the third resistor R401 is connected with the second resistor R400 in parallel; one end of a third resistor R401 is connected between the collector of the first triode Q401 and the second resistor R400, the other end of the third resistor R401 is connected with a grid G of an MOS field effect transistor, a source S of the MOS field effect transistor is connected with the positive electrode (D5V _ Ext) of the power supply, and a drain D of the MOS field effect transistor is connected with an interface of the single bus; the diode Q400 is connected in parallel at two ends of the drain D of the MOS field effect transistor and the source S of the MOS field effect transistor, the anode of the diode Q400 is connected with the drain D of the MOS field effect transistor, and the cathode of the diode Q400 is connected with the source S of the MOS field effect transistor. The first triode Q401 is an NPN triode, the MOS field effect transistor is a P-channel enhancement type, and the diode Q400 plays a role in preventing reverse. Compared with a strong pull-up circuit, the superstrong pull-up circuit is a superstrong pull-up circuit compared with the strong pull-up circuit because the superstrong pull-up circuit is connected with a 33-ohm sixth resistor R403, the superstrong pull-up circuit is pulled up through an MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor, and the resistance of the third resistor R401 and the second resistor R400 which are connected in parallel is less than 1 ohm, which is equivalent to being directly connected with a power supply.
The second control branch comprises a fourth resistor R407, a fifth resistor R405, a sixth resistor R403 and a second triode Q402; the base electrode B of the second triode Q402 is connected with the second output pin 18B20_ SET _ H1 of the single chip microcomputer, the collector electrode C of the second triode Q402 is grounded, and the emitter electrode E of the second triode Q402 is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply (D5V _ Ext); a fourth resistor R407 is connected between the base B of the second triode Q402 and the second output pin 18B20_ SET _ H1 of the single chip microcomputer in series, one end of a fifth resistor R405 is connected between the fourth resistor R407 and the base B of the second triode Q402, and the other end of the fifth resistor R405 is connected with the positive electrode (D5V _ Ext) of the power supply; the sixth resistor R403 is connected in parallel with the fifth resistor R405, one end of the sixth resistor R403 is connected to the positive electrode (D5V _ Ext) of the power supply, and the other end is connected to the emitter E of the second transistor Q402. The second transistor Q401 is a PNP transistor.
The third control branch comprises a seventh resistor R409, an eighth resistor R410 and a third triode Q403; a base electrode B of the third triode Q403 is connected with a third output pin 18B20_ SET _ L1 of the single chip microcomputer, an emitter electrode E of the third triode Q403 is grounded, and a collector electrode C of the third triode Q403 is connected with a collector electrode C of the second triode Q402; a seventh resistor R409 is connected in series between the base B of the third triode Q403 and the third output pin 18B20_ SET _ L1 of the single chip microcomputer; one end of the eighth resistor R410 is connected between the seventh resistor R409 and the base B of the third triode Q403, and the other end is grounded; the third transistor Q401 is an NPN transistor.
The fourth control branch comprises a ninth resistor R404 and a voltage clamping branch, one end of the ninth resistor R404 is connected with the positive electrode (D5V _ Ext) of the power supply, the other end of the ninth resistor R404 is connected with one end of the voltage clamping branch, and the other end of the voltage clamping branch is grounded GND. The voltage clamping branch comprises a first voltage-stabilizing tube and a second voltage-stabilizing tube which are connected in parallel, the anodes of the first voltage-stabilizing tube and the second voltage-stabilizing tube are grounded, and the first voltage-stabilizing tube and the second voltage-stabilizing tube are both SS14/SOD 123.
In the embodiment of the present application, based on the specific circuit of the control unit, the control process is as follows:
when the number of the temperature and humidity sensors is within 25, the communication distance is within 20 meters, the total load of an acquisition channel is not more than 40mA when the total load is maximum, normal communication can be realized only by the weak pull-up circuit and the temperature and humidity sensor without starting the super-strong pull-up circuit, the strong pull-up circuit and the strong pull-down circuit, at the moment, the single chip microcomputer sends a first control instruction to control the first control branch, the second control branch and the third control branch to be switched off, namely the single chip microcomputer controls 18B20_ SET _ H1 to be 1, controls 18B20_ SET _ L1 to be 0, and controls PEN _ CH1 to be 0.
When the number of the temperature and humidity sensors is 25-100 and the communication distance is 20-200 meters, the total load of an acquisition channel is 40mA-150mA when the total load is maximum, a weak pull-up circuit cannot meet the timing requirement of a normal single bus, and a strong pull-up circuit and a strong pull-down circuit need to be started, at the moment, the singlechip sends a second control instruction to control the second control branch and the third control branch to be started, namely the singlechip controls PEN _ CH1 to be 0, 18B20_ SET _ H1 to be 0 and 18B20_ SET _ L1 to be 0 when outputting a high level; when the output is low level, PEN _ CH1 is controlled to be 0, the singlechip microcomputer 18B20_ SET _ H1 is controlled to be 1, and the singlechip microcomputer 18B20_ SET _ L1 is controlled to be 1.
When the number of the temperature and humidity sensors is more than 100 and the communication distance is more than 200 meters, the total load of an acquisition channel of the temperature and humidity sensors is 150mA-750mA when the total load is maximum, the superstrong pull-up circuit and the strong pull-down circuit need to be started, at the moment, the single chip microcomputer sends a third control instruction, the superstrong pull-up circuit outputs high level and provides parasitic voltage for the temperature and humidity sensors, namely the single chip microcomputer controls PEN _ CH1 to be 1, controls 18B20_ SET _ H1 to be 1 and controls 18B20_ SET _ L1 to be 0 when outputting high level; when outputting low level, the singlechip controls PEN _ CH1 to be 0, 18B20_ SET _ H1 to be 1, and controls 18B20_ SET _ L1 to be 1.
In this embodiment of the application, the output branch includes a bus buffer and a tenth resistor R408, an input end a of the bus buffer is connected between the ninth resistor R404 and the voltage clamping branch, an output end Y of the bus buffer is connected to an input end of the processor (single chip), and the bus buffer can buffer temperature and humidity information to be sent, thereby improving accuracy of information transmission. The tenth resistor R408 is connected in parallel with the bus buffer, one end of the tenth resistor R408 is connected with the input end of the processor (singlechip), and the other end is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply (D5V _ Ext). The power supply terminal VDD of the bus buffer is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the power supply terminal VDD of the bus buffer is also grounded through the first capacitor C400.
In the embodiment of the present application, the bus buffer is a 74HC1G125GV integrated chip with independent line drivers, and when the output enable OE is low, each gate inputs data to the bus buffer through the input terminal a and outputs data through the output terminal Y.
As a preferred embodiment, the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit further includes a filtering branch, where the filtering branch includes a second capacitor C401 and an eleventh resistor R406, the second capacitor C401 is connected in parallel to both ends of an emitter E of the third triode and a collector C of the third triode, one end of the eleventh resistor R406 is connected between the ninth resistor R404 and the voltage clamping branch, and the other end is connected to the input end a of the bus buffer. The anti-interference performance of the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit can be reduced through the filtering branch, and the reliability of signal transmission is improved.
The temperature and humidity acquisition circuit combines the single-chip microcomputer software control function according to the number and the communication distance of the temperature and humidity sensors, and the intelligent adjustment circuit has the loading capacity, meets the requirements of single-bus temperature and humidity sensor acquisition communication of various numbers and various distances, and therefore the temperature and humidity acquisition circuit is high in adaptability. In addition, the single bus is adopted, only the signal line and the ground wire are used for communicating with the temperature and humidity sensor, a power line is saved, electric energy can be saved, the temperature and humidity sensor is only powered on during sampling, and the energy-saving effect is achieved to the greatest extent
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a humiture acquisition circuit based on unibus which characterized in that includes:
the input interface of the single bus is used for acquiring temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor;
the control unit comprises at least four control branches, the input ends of the control branches are used for receiving control instructions of the processor, and the output ends of the control branches are connected with the single bus interface; the control unit controls the single bus to acquire temperature and humidity information of the temperature and humidity sensor through different control branches according to the control instruction;
the input end of the output branch is connected with the input interface of the single bus, and the output end of the output branch is used for connecting the input end of the processor; and the output branch is used for sending the temperature and humidity information to a processor.
2. The temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on the single bus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processor is a single chip microcomputer, and the chip type is STM32F103VET 6.
3. The unibus-based temperature and humidity acquisition circuit according to claim 2, wherein the control unit comprises a first control branch, a second control branch, a third control branch and a fourth control branch;
the input end of the first control branch is used for connecting a first output pin of the singlechip, and the output end of the first control branch is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the input end of the second control branch is used for connecting a second output pin of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the second control branch is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the input end of the third control branch is used for connecting a third output pin of the single chip microcomputer, and the output end of the third control branch is connected with an interface of the single bus;
the input end of the fourth control branch is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the output end of the fourth control branch is connected with the single bus interface; the fourth control branch can realize communication distances between the load with at most N1 temperature and humidity sensors and S1 meters; wherein N1 is a positive integer, S1 > 0;
the third control branch and the second control branch are opened simultaneously, and the control unit can load N2 temperature and humidity sensors and a communication distance of S2 meters; wherein N2 is more than N1, and S2 is more than S1;
the third control branch and the first control branch are opened simultaneously, and the control unit can load N3 temperature and humidity sensors and a communication distance of S3 meters; wherein N3 is more than N2, and S3 is more than S2.
4. The temperature and humidity acquisition circuit based on the single bus according to claim 3, wherein the first control branch comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first triode, a diode and a MOS field effect transistor;
the base electrode of the first triode is connected with the first output pin of the single chip microcomputer, the emitting electrode of the first triode is grounded, and the collecting electrode of the first triode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply; the first resistor is arranged between the base electrode of the first triode and the first output pin of the singlechip in series, and the second resistor is arranged between the collector electrode of the first triode and the positive electrode of the power supply in series;
the third resistor is connected with the second resistor in parallel; one end of the third resistor is connected between the collector of the first triode and the second resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with the grid of the MOS field effect transistor, the source electrode of the MOS field effect transistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the drain electrode of the MOS field effect transistor is connected with the interface of the single bus;
the diode is connected with the MOS field effect transistor in parallel, the anode of the diode Q400 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOS field effect transistor, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the source electrode of the MOS field effect transistor.
5. The unibus-based temperature and humidity acquisition circuit according to claim 3, wherein the second control branch comprises a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor and a second triode;
the base electrode of the second triode is connected with a second output pin of the singlechip, the collector electrode of the second triode is grounded, and the emitter electrode of the second triode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply;
a fourth resistor is connected between the base of the second triode and the second output pin of the singlechip in series; one end of the fifth resistor is connected between the fourth resistor and the base electrode of the second triode, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply; the sixth resistor is connected with the fifth resistor in parallel, one end of the sixth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the sixth resistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the second triode.
6. The unibus-based temperature and humidity acquisition circuit according to claim 5, wherein the third control branch comprises a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor and a third triode;
the base electrode of the third triode is connected with a third output pin of the single chip microcomputer, the emitting electrode of the third triode is grounded, and the collector electrode of the third triode is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode;
the seventh resistor is connected between the base of the third triode and the third output pin of the singlechip in series; one end of the eighth resistor is connected between the seventh resistor and the base electrode of the third triode, and the other end of the eighth resistor is grounded.
7. The single-bus based temperature and humidity acquisition circuit according to claim 6, wherein the fourth control branch comprises a ninth resistor and a voltage clamping branch, one end of the ninth resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, the other end of the ninth resistor is connected to one end of the voltage clamping branch, and the other end of the voltage clamping branch is grounded; the voltage clamping branch comprises a first voltage-stabilizing tube and a second voltage-stabilizing tube which are connected in parallel.
8. The single-bus based temperature and humidity acquisition circuit according to claim 7, wherein the output branch comprises a bus buffer and a tenth resistor, and the tenth resistor is connected in parallel with the bus buffer;
the input end of the bus buffer is connected between the ninth resistor and the voltage clamping branch, and the output end of the bus buffer is connected with the input end of the processor;
one end of the tenth resistor is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the tenth resistor is connected with the input end of the processor.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113191468A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-30 | 河北稳控科技有限公司 | Combined type electronic sensor based on 1Wire protocol |
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