CN112595136A - Method and system for monitoring and displaying working state of air-cooled condenser - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring and displaying working state of air-cooled condenser Download PDFInfo
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- CN112595136A CN112595136A CN202011363570.9A CN202011363570A CN112595136A CN 112595136 A CN112595136 A CN 112595136A CN 202011363570 A CN202011363570 A CN 202011363570A CN 112595136 A CN112595136 A CN 112595136A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
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- F28B9/005—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for protection against freezing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, wherein the system comprises the following components: a temperature measuring element; a data acquisition and transmission device; an ambient temperature measurement element; a data processing device; and a state display device. The invention discloses a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, which comprises the following steps: step 1, arranging a certain number of temperature measuring points in a forward flow area and a reverse flow area of an air-cooled condenser; step 2, dividing the air-cooled condenser into a first area, a second area and an interface, assigning the temperature of each point in the first area to a first characteristic temperature, and assigning the temperature of each point in the second area to a second characteristic temperature; and 3, respectively representing the first characteristic temperature, the second characteristic temperature and the interface on the air-cooling condenser model by using different colors. The technical scheme of the invention provides a simple and visual judgment interface for operation and maintenance personnel, provides quick and accurate guidance for preventing the air cooling condenser from freezing, and provides basis for energy-saving optimized operation and real-time closed-loop automatic adjustment of the air cooling fan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to a method and a system for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser.
Background
The direct air-cooling coal-fired generator set has good water-saving effect and can be widely applied to arid areas in China. However, limited by the air cooling capacity, the condenser area of the direct air cooling unit is large, for example, a 600MW unit, the projected area of the condenser finned tube is about 15000 square meters, and thus, in such a large area, it is obviously impractical to arrange enough thermal measurement points to monitor the operating state. The working state of a condenser of a direct air cooling unit which is put into application at present is generally judged according to a few thermal engineering data such as steam turbine exhaust pressure, exhaust device vacuum, steam inlet temperature (1) of each row of A-type tower, condensation water temperature (1-2) of each row of A-type tower, air exhaust temperature (1-2) of each row of A-type tower and the like. The parameters are all positioned at the inlet side or the outlet end of the air-cooling condenser and are internal working medium parameters, and the working state of the condenser can not be directly and accurately reflected, so that an operator can not be directly and effectively guided to make the optimal operation of the air-cooling fan and the winter freezing prevention of the air-cooling condenser.
In order to enhance the monitoring of the working state of the air-cooled condenser, a certain amount of digital chip temperature sensors are arranged at specific positions of the air-cooled condenser in part of the existing units, and the measured temperature values are displayed on a computer interface in a digital form for operators to look up and reference. This approach improves the state monitoring level of the air-cooled condenser, but still presents a series of problems:
firstly, the working state of the air-cooling condenser is not complete and simple enough in the aspect of displaying, and the working state of the whole air-cooling condenser cannot be grasped clearly and quickly. Because the number of temperature measuring points is limited and too many measuring points cannot be arranged (otherwise, the measuring points can block the circulation of cooling air and have adverse effect on the working performance of the air condensing steam device), the temperature of the positions of the measuring points can only be displayed, and the states of other positions cannot be predicted; the display interface has a plurality of numbers, and all information cannot be instantly mastered.
Secondly, the digital chip temperature sensors are embedded in the temperature measuring cables, the situation that each sensor corresponds to the same part of the air-cooled condenser cannot be guaranteed in the process of installing the cables, the outlet air temperature of the fin gaps can be measured at partial measuring points, and the wall temperature of the finned tube can be measured at partial measuring points; the temperature of the fin can be measured at part of measuring points; the measurement deviation caused by the above factors cannot be eliminated and an accurate value cannot be determined.
Thirdly, hundreds of meters of cables embedded with temperature sensors are arranged in a winding manner in installation, and installation errors of the cables possibly cause that the actual positions of some measuring points are different from the calibration positions, so that the numerical positions of the computer display interface are not consistent with the actual positions, and operators are misled.
The most important point is that the working state of the air-cooling condenser shown by the local measured temperature of the air-cooling condenser can only provide limited guidance for freezing prevention of the air-cooling island in the winter in the severe cold period, and cannot provide help for energy-saving optimized operation of the air-cooling fan in other time periods, and further cannot realize real-time closed-loop automatic regulation and control of the air-cooling fan.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooling condenser, which have a concise and intuitive judgment interface, can provide quick and accurate guidance for preventing freezing of the air-cooling condenser and can provide basis for energy-saving optimized operation and real-time closed-loop automatic adjustment of an air-cooling fan.
The invention discloses a system for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, which comprises:
the temperature measuring devices are arranged in a forward flow area and a backward flow area on the air outlet side of the air-cooled condenser and used for measuring the temperature of the forward flow area and the backward flow area, and the temperature measuring devices are fixed on a temperature measuring cable;
the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with the temperature measuring cable and is used for acquiring the measuring signal of the temperature measuring element;
the environment temperature measuring element is connected with the data acquisition and transmission device;
the data processing device is connected with the data acquisition and transmission device and is used for processing data according to the signals sent by the data acquisition and transmission device;
and the state display device is connected with the data processing device and used for displaying the colors of the air-cooled condenser at different positions and refreshing the display state according to the update frequency of the data output by the data processing device.
The working state monitoring and displaying system of the air-cooled condenser further comprises an air exhaust temperature measuring element and a steam temperature measuring element which are respectively connected with the data acquisition and transmission device.
The invention discloses a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, which comprises the following steps:
and 3, respectively representing the first characteristic temperature, the second characteristic temperature and the interface on the air-cooling condenser model by using different colors.
The invention relates to a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, wherein in the step 1, temperature measuring elements are arranged at key positions of the air-cooled condenser to respectively obtain the temperatures of the key positions of a forward flow area and a reverse flow area;
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooling condenser comprises the following steps that step 2, all temperatures obtained according to step 1 are compared with ambient temperature, a region where a measuring point with the temperature obviously higher than the ambient temperature is located and an upstream region of the region are divided into a region, and the temperature of any point of the region is assigned as a first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature close to the ambient temperature and the downstream area of the measuring point into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the two zones in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, an interface is reserved between the temperature of the first zone and the temperature of the second zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic temperature.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooled condenser comprises the following steps that step 2, all temperature measured values obtained according to the step 1 are compared with steam temperature of the air-cooled condenser, a region where a measuring point with the temperature close to the steam temperature is located and an upstream region of the measuring point are divided into a region, and the temperature of any point of the region is assigned as a first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature obviously lower than the steam temperature and the downstream area into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the two zones in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, an interface is reserved between the temperature of the first zone and the temperature of the second zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic temperature.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooled condenser comprises the following flow region in the step 1 refers to the region where finned tubes are located between a steam distribution pipe and a condensed water header of the air-cooled condenser, steam in the finned tubes flows from the ends, connected with the steam distribution pipe, of the finned tubes to the ends connected with the condensed water header, the countercurrent region in the step 1 refers to the region where the finned tubes are located between the condensed water header and an air exhaust pipeline, and the steam in the finned tubes flows from the ends, connected with the condensed water header, of the finned tubes to the ends connected with the air exhaust pipeline.
The invention discloses a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, wherein the key positions in the step 1 at least comprise the middle-lower part of a forward flow area and the whole reverse flow area.
The invention relates to a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, wherein, the temperature measuring element 1 is a thermocouple, a thermal resistor or a digital chip temperature sensor, and the measuring point density of a reverse flow area is greater than that of a forward flow area.
According to the method for monitoring and displaying the working state of the air-cooled condenser, the ambient temperature in the step 2 is the air extraction temperature.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooling condenser of the invention, wherein, the first characteristic temperature in the step 2 is completely consistent with the temperature value of all points in a zone, or,
the first characteristic temperature is within a range of temperature values for all points within a zone.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooled condenser of the invention, wherein, the second characteristic temperature in the step 2 is completely consistent with the temperature values of all points in the second area, or,
the second characteristic temperature is within a range of temperature values for all points within the second zone.
According to the technical scheme, the overall working state of the air-cooling condenser is predicted through the limited measuring point parameters, the temperature field of the air-cooling condenser is reconstructed by utilizing a three-dimensional model on a display method, and the working state of the air-cooling condenser is displayed by using a graphical interface corresponding to colors and temperatures; the error caused by the installation quality of the temperature sensor is eliminated by adopting a temperature difference method of a fuzzy boundary, and the error caused by the installation position of a measuring point is eliminated by adopting a region point distribution method; a simple and visual judgment interface is provided for operation and maintenance personnel, quick and accurate guidance is provided for preventing freezing of the air-cooled condenser, and a basis is provided for energy-saving optimized operation and real-time closed-loop automatic adjustment of the air-cooled fan.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an air-cooled condenser working condition monitoring and displaying system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the air-cooled condenser working condition monitoring and displaying system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the air-cooled condenser according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is another effect diagram of the method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooling condenser according to the present invention.
Reference numbers in the figures:
1-a steam inlet pipe; 2-digital chip temperature sensor; 3-a temperature measuring cable; 4-an air exhaust pipe; 5-zone two; 6-interface; 7-a zone; 81-a second forward flow region; 82-a first forward flow zone; 9-the countercurrent zone; 10-a condensate header; 11-ambient temperature measuring element; 12-a pumping temperature measuring element; 13-a steam temperature measuring element; 14-data acquisition and transmission means; 15-a data processing device; 16-state showing device.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a system for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, which comprises:
the temperature measuring devices are arranged in a forward flow area and a backward flow area on the air outlet side of the air-cooled condenser and used for measuring the temperature of the forward flow area and the backward flow area, and the temperature measuring devices are fixed on a temperature measuring cable;
the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with the temperature measuring cable and is used for acquiring the measuring signal of the temperature measuring element;
the environment temperature measuring element is connected with the data acquisition and transmission device;
the data processing device is connected with the data acquisition and transmission device and is used for processing data according to the signals sent by the data acquisition and transmission device;
and the state display device is connected with the data processing device and used for displaying the colors of the air-cooled condenser at different positions and refreshing the display state according to the update frequency of the data output by the data processing device.
The working state monitoring and displaying system of the air-cooled condenser further comprises an air exhaust temperature measuring element and a steam temperature measuring element which are respectively connected with the data acquisition and transmission device.
The invention discloses a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, which comprises the following steps:
and 3, respectively representing the first characteristic temperature, the second characteristic temperature and the interface on the air-cooling condenser model by using different colors.
The invention relates to a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, wherein in the step 1, temperature measuring elements are arranged at key positions of the air-cooled condenser to respectively obtain the temperatures of the key positions of a forward flow area and a reverse flow area;
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooling condenser comprises the following steps that step 2, all temperatures obtained according to step 1 are compared with ambient temperature, a region where a measuring point with the temperature obviously higher than the ambient temperature is located and an upstream region of the region are divided into a region, and the temperature of any point of the region is assigned as a first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature close to the ambient temperature and the downstream area of the measuring point into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the two zones in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, an interface is reserved between the temperature of the first zone and the temperature of the second zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic temperature.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooled condenser comprises the following steps that step 2, all temperature measured values obtained according to the step 1 are compared with steam temperature of the air-cooled condenser, a region where a measuring point with the temperature close to the steam temperature is located and an upstream region of the measuring point are divided into a region, and the temperature of any point of the region is assigned as a first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature obviously lower than the steam temperature and the downstream area into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the two zones in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, an interface is reserved between the temperature of the first zone and the temperature of the second zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic temperature.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooled condenser comprises the following flow region in the step 1 refers to the region where finned tubes are located between a steam distribution pipe and a condensed water header of the air-cooled condenser, steam in the finned tubes flows from the ends, connected with the steam distribution pipe, of the finned tubes to the ends connected with the condensed water header, the countercurrent region in the step 1 refers to the region where the finned tubes are located between the condensed water header and an air exhaust pipeline, and the steam in the finned tubes flows from the ends, connected with the condensed water header, of the finned tubes to the ends connected with the air exhaust pipeline.
The invention discloses a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, wherein the key positions in the step 1 at least comprise the middle-lower part of a forward flow area and the whole reverse flow area.
The invention relates to a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, wherein, the temperature measuring element 1 is a thermocouple, a thermal resistor or a digital chip temperature sensor, and the measuring point density of a reverse flow area is greater than that of a forward flow area.
According to the method for monitoring and displaying the working state of the air-cooled condenser, the ambient temperature in the step 2 is the air extraction temperature.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooling condenser of the invention, wherein, the first characteristic temperature in the step 2 is completely consistent with the temperature value of all points in a zone, or,
the first characteristic temperature is within a range of temperature values for all points within a zone.
The working state monitoring and displaying method of the air-cooled condenser of the invention, wherein, the second characteristic temperature in the step 2 is completely consistent with the temperature values of all points in the second area, or,
the second characteristic temperature is within a range of temperature values for all points within the second zone.
According to the technical scheme, the overall working state of the air-cooling condenser is predicted through the limited measuring point parameters, the temperature field of the air-cooling condenser is reconstructed by utilizing a three-dimensional model on a display method, and the working state of the air-cooling condenser is displayed by using a graphical interface corresponding to colors and temperatures; the error caused by the installation quality of the temperature sensor is eliminated by adopting a temperature difference method of a fuzzy boundary, and the error caused by the installation position of a measuring point is eliminated by adopting a region point distribution method; a simple and visual judgment interface is provided for operation and maintenance personnel, quick and accurate guidance is provided for preventing freezing of the air-cooled condenser, and a basis is provided for energy-saving optimized operation and real-time closed-loop automatic adjustment of the air-cooled fan.
The invention discloses a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooling condenser, wherein a first characteristic temperature and a second characteristic temperature change along with the temperature change of each measuring point and the environmental temperature change.
In specific work, the position of the interface in the step 2 can be changed by adjusting the frequency of the air cooling fan; the position of the interface is also used for guiding the frequency adjustment of the air cooling fan to realize energy-saving operation; when the interface position is positioned at the middle-lower part of the forward flow area or the reverse flow area or is lower than the target position, reducing the frequency of the air cooling fan to enable the interface to approach the target position; when the interface position is positioned at the top of the countercurrent area or higher than the target position, the frequency of the air cooling fan is increased to enable the interface to approach the target position.
According to the technical scheme, the temperature distribution of the air-cooled condenser is deduced by utilizing the working mechanism of the air-cooled condenser through a small number of locally arranged temperature measuring points, the temperature is displayed on a model by different colors so as to monitor the working state of the condenser, and the method is simple, convenient and reliable and has positive effects on energy conservation optimization of a fan and freezing prevention of the air-cooled condenser.
The first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature are not necessarily the same at all points, and can be distributed to fluctuate in a small range around a certain value, and the fluctuation value does not upset the colors represented by the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature; the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature change along with the change of the measurement value; and displaying the temperature field of the air-cooling condenser on the model of the air-cooling condenser by using the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature to represent different colors, wherein the best scheme is that the warm tone of the first characteristic temperature and the cool tone of the second characteristic temperature are used as the cool tone.
The invention discloses a method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser, which comprises the following steps:
step 2, comparing all the temperatures obtained in the step 1 with the ambient temperature, dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature obviously higher than the ambient temperature is located and the upstream area of the area into a zone, and assigning the temperature of any point of the zone as a first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature close to the ambient temperature and the downstream area of the measuring point into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the second area in the first area and a measuring point close to the first area in the second area in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition area, the temperature of a point close to the first area in the transition area is processed according to the temperature of the first area, the temperature of a point close to the second area is processed according to the temperature of the second area, a narrow interface is reserved between the transition area and the point, the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from a first characteristic temperature to a second characteristic temperature, the values of the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature only need to be obviously different in the corresponding color in the color scheme in the step 3, the specific numerical value is not important, and the specific numerical value does not necessarily completely coincide with the measured values of the temperature of the first area and;
Further, in the step 2, all temperature measured values obtained in the step 1 can be compared with the steam temperature of the air-cooling condenser, the area where the measuring point with the temperature close to the steam temperature is located and the upstream area of the measuring point are divided into a zone, and the temperature of any point in the zone is assigned as a first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature obviously lower than the steam temperature and the downstream area into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the two zones in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, a narrow interface is reserved between the transition zone and the first zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic temperature.
The invention also provides a system for monitoring and displaying the working state of the air-cooling condenser, which comprises a temperature measuring device of the air-cooling condenser, a data acquisition and transmission device, a data processing device and a state display device; the air-cooled condenser temperature measuring device, the data acquisition and transmission device, the data processing device and the state display device are sequentially connected; the air-cooling condenser temperature measuring device comprises a plurality of temperature measuring elements arranged in a forward flow area and a reverse flow area on the air outlet side of the air-cooling condenser and is used for measuring the temperature of key parts of the forward flow area and the reverse flow area of the air-cooling condenser; the temperature measuring element is fixed on the temperature measuring cable; the data acquisition and transmission device is used for acquiring the measurement signal of the temperature measuring element and transmitting the signal to the data processing device; the data processing device processes the data according to the signals sent by the data acquisition and transmission device, and divides the air-cooling condenser into a first area, a second area and an interface between the first area and the second area according to the processing result; the data processing device respectively endows the positions of the first zone with the temperature measuring points and the positions of the first zone without the temperature measuring points with first characteristic temperatures, endows the positions of the second zone with the temperature measuring points and the positions of the second zone without the temperature measuring points with second characteristic temperatures, and marks the part between the first zone and the second zone as an interface; the data processing device respectively endows the temperature values of the points of the first zone and the second zone to corresponding positions of the air-cooling condenser model, and endows the colors with different first characteristic temperatures and second characteristic temperatures; the data processing device transmits the air-cooled condenser model endowed with the temperature to the display device; the display device displays the colors of different positions of the air-cooled condenser according to the data provided by the data processing device, and refreshes the display state according to the update frequency of the data output by the data processing device.
According to the technical scheme, the working state monitoring and displaying system of the air-cooling condenser is used for representing the temperature distribution conditions of the air-cooling condenser in different areas in different colors, and operators can judge the working state of the air-cooling condenser according to the sizes of the areas in different colors, so that the air-cooling condenser and a fan can be optimally operated, and the air-cooling condenser can be prevented from freezing in winter; the size of the area of the second area or the position of the interface reflects the utilization degree of the heat exchange area of the air-cooling condenser, and indirectly reflects the running state of an air-cooling fan and the working state of the air-cooling condenser; the closer the interface is to the forward flow area or the lower part of the forward flow area, the more part of the heat exchange area of the air-cooled condenser is proved to fail to play a cooling role, the running part of the air-cooled fan is economical, and operators can reduce or reduce the frequency of the fan through an automatic control system so that the interface position enters the countercurrent area and is close to the outlet of the countercurrent area, and the economic running of the fan is realized; when the interface is too close to the outlet of the countercurrent region, the frequency of the fan can be increased to move downwards so as to ensure the vacuum of the unit; in the low-temperature period in winter, the interface position or the area size of the second area can indicate the freezing risk of the air-cooled condenser: when the area of the second area is too large, the temperature of the position, close to the outlet, of the second area is lower, the freezing risk is higher, operators can be prompted to reduce the rotating speed of the fan or reduce the rotating speed of the fan through an automatic control system, the heat dissipation of the first area is reduced, the heat load of the second area is increased, the area of the second area is further reduced until the interface is located near the outlet of the countercurrent area, and the air-cooled condenser can be prevented from freezing; the air-cooled condenser state monitoring and displaying system solves the problem that the working state of the air-cooled condenser cannot be monitored in real time due to overlarge area, solves the problems of slow observation and easy careless leakage of a local temperature measuring point numerical value display method, improves the simplicity and reliability of the air-cooled condenser working state monitoring, has important guiding significance for the optimized operation of an air-cooled condenser fan and the winter anti-freezing of the air-cooled condenser, and achieves the purposes of optimized operation of a cold end, power consumption saving of the fan and anti-freezing of the air-cooled condenser.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooled condenser of the present invention includes:
step S11, arranging temperature measuring elements on the surface of the air-cooled condenser in a key way, and respectively obtaining the temperature of part key positions of a forward flow area and a reverse flow area, wherein the temperature can be one or more of the wall temperature of a finned tube, the temperature of a fin or the temperature of air;
step S12, comparing all the temperatures obtained according to the step S11 with the ambient temperature, dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature obviously higher than the ambient temperature is located and the upstream area of the area into a zone, and assigning the temperature of any point of the zone as a first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature close to the ambient temperature and the downstream area of the measuring point into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the second area in the first area and a measuring point close to the first area in the second area in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition area, the temperature of a point close to the first area in the transition area is processed according to the temperature of the first area, the temperature of a point close to the second area is processed according to the temperature of the second area, a narrow interface is reserved between the transition area and the point, the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from a first characteristic temperature to a second characteristic temperature, the values of the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature only need to be obviously different in the corresponding color in the color scheme in the step 3, the specific numerical value is not important, and the specific numerical value does not necessarily completely coincide with the measured values of the temperature of the first area and;
step S13, constructing a three-dimensional color model or a two-dimensional plane color model of the air-cooled condenser, and dividing the model into a first area, a second area and an interface according to the step 2; the position of the interface changes according to the change of the temperature measurement values measured in step S11; the model color scheme is as follows: the color of each pixel point in the first area is represented by the color corresponding to the first characteristic temperature, the color of each pixel point in the second area is represented by the color corresponding to the second characteristic temperature, and the color of the interface is represented by a certain numerical value between the two values; the color matching scheme can adopt an RGB color matching scheme and also can adopt other color matching schemes, only the colors of the first area and the second area are obviously distinguished, and the cool tone of the second area and the warm tone of the first area are better schemes.
In this embodiment, the forward flow regions described in step S11 include a first forward flow region 81 and a second forward flow region 82, which refer to finned tubes located between the air-cooled condenser steam inlet pipe 1 and the condensed water header 10, steam flows from one end connected to the steam inlet pipe 1 to one end connected to the condensed water header 10, the steam is cooled by air outside the finned tubes during the flowing process, part or all of the steam is condensed into water, and the water and the steam flow in the same direction to the condensed water header 10; the countercurrent region 9 refers to a finned tube positioned between the condensed water header 10 and the exhaust tube 4, uncondensed steam in the concurrent region flows from one end of the condensed water header 10 to one end of the exhaust tube 4, the steam is cooled by air outside the finned tube in the flowing process and is finally condensed into water, the water flows to the condensed water header 10 under the action of gravity, and the water flow direction is opposite to the steam flow direction; the key positions in the embodiment comprise the middle-lower part of the forward flow area and the whole reverse flow area; in this embodiment, the method for acquiring the temperature of the key location includes: arranging a row of digital chip temperature sensors 2 every 2 meters in the countercurrent region from the exhaust pipe 4 to the direction of the condensate header 10, wherein six digital chip temperature sensors 2 are arranged every time, and six rows of thirty-six measuring points are counted; a row of digital chip temperature sensors 2 are arranged in the forward flow area, close to the condensate header by about 1 m; the digital chip temperature sensor 2 is fixed on the temperature measuring cable 3; the temperature value measured by the digital chip temperature sensor is the temperature of the key position to be obtained; the temperature measuring element in the embodiment can be any one of a thermocouple, a thermal resistor, a digital chip temperature sensor and the like, and the measuring result of the temperature measuring element can be any one or more of the temperature of the finned tube, the temperature of the fin and the temperature of air;
in this embodiment, the partitioning method in step S12 is as follows:
counting the actual measured values of all the measuring points in the step S11, respectively summarizing the measuring points with the measured temperature close to the ambient temperature and the measuring points with the measured temperature obviously higher than the ambient temperature, and respectively defining areas; the position of the measured temperature lower measuring point and the downstream (relative to the steam flowing direction, the same below) area are two areas, the position of the measured temperature higher measuring point and the upstream (relative to the steam flowing direction, the same below) area are one area, the part between the two areas is a transition area, and a temperature interface exists in the transition area; in the embodiment, the temperature values measured by the measuring points positioned in the countercurrent region in the A, B, C three rows of measuring points are lower, have small difference and are close to the ambient temperature; the temperature values measured by D, E, F three rows of measuring points and the measuring points at the lower part of the downstream area are generally higher and obviously higher than the environmental temperature; the temperature change of the measuring points of the rows D and C is obvious; the portion between the rows D and C is thus defined as the transition zone, and the interface 6 is defined between them; the part between the separating surface 6 and the exhaust tube 4 is defined as a second area 5; the interface upstream and the whole downstream area are defined as an area 7;
in the present embodiment, the ambient temperature in step S12 may be replaced with the extraction temperature;
in this embodiment, the partitioning method in step S12 may further be:
summarizing the actual measured values of all the measuring points in the statistical step S11, and respectively collecting the measuring points with the actual measured temperatures close to the steam temperature in the air-cooled condenser and the measuring points with the actual measured temperatures obviously lower than the steam temperature to respectively define areas; the position of the measuring point with the actually measured temperature which is obviously lower than the steam temperature and the downstream area thereof are two areas, the position of the measuring point with the actually measured temperature which is close to the steam temperature and the upstream area thereof are one area, the part between the two areas is a transition area, and a temperature interface exists in the transition area.
In this embodiment, the method for selecting the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature in step S12 includes: taking the average value of the measured values of all the measuring points in the second area as a second characteristic temperature; taking the average value of the measured values of all the measuring points close to the steam pipe 1 in one area as a first characteristic temperature; the average value of actually measured temperature values of measuring points in the downstream areas 81 and 82 in the A, B, C three rows of measuring points is a first characteristic temperature; taking the average value of actually measured temperature values of all measuring points in the countercurrent region 9 in the A, B, C three rows of measuring points as a second characteristic temperature; assigning first characteristic temperatures to other positions without the measuring points in the first area, and assigning second characteristic temperatures to other positions without the measuring points in the second area;
in this embodiment, in step S12, the first characteristic temperature may also be steam temperature, or a measurement value of a certain measurement point in a zone; the second characteristic temperature can also be selected from the ambient temperature or the measured value of a certain measuring point in the second area; the method for determining the temperature values of the rest positions of the first area and the second area further comprises the following steps: the temperature values for all points in a zone may be completely uniform (e.g., the first characteristic temperature is selected), or may fluctuate randomly or regularly around a small range of the first characteristic temperature; the temperature values of all the points in the second area can be completely consistent (such as the second characteristic temperature), and can also fluctuate randomly or regularly around the second characteristic temperature in a small range;
in the present embodiment, the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature in step S12 change with changes in the measurement values of the measurement points and changes in the ambient temperature;
in this embodiment, the interface position in step S12 may be changed by adjusting the frequency of the air cooling fan; the position of the interface is also used for guiding the frequency adjustment of the air cooling fan to realize energy-saving operation; when the interface position is positioned at the middle-lower part of the forward flow area or the reverse flow area or is lower than the target position, reducing the frequency of the air cooling fan to enable the interface to approach the target position; when the interface position is positioned at the top of the countercurrent area or higher than the target position, the frequency of the air cooling fan is increased to enable the interface to approach the target position.
In this embodiment, the method for displaying the operating state of the air-cooling condenser in step S13 includes: constructing a three-dimensional color model or a two-dimensional plane color model of the air-cooled condenser by using computer software, and correspondingly partitioning the model according to the step S12 by defining a first region, a second region and a boundary surface; the position of the interface and the ranges of the first area and the second area change along with the measured values of the measuring points in the step S11; the colors of each point in the first area and the second area on the model are respectively used for the colors in the RGB color scheme corresponding to the temperature values assigned to each point in the step S12; the upper limit and the lower limit of the RGB color scheme can be automatically set by a computer program according to the first characteristic temperature and the second characteristic temperature, and can also be manually input and determined;
in this embodiment, the method for displaying the operating state of the air-cooling condenser in step S13 further includes: the air cooling condenser model can also adopt other color schemes besides the RGB scheme, only the colors of the first area and the second area are obviously distinguished, and the cool tone of the second area and the warm tone of the first area are better color schemes.
The embodiment of the working state monitoring and displaying system of the air-cooling condenser comprises a temperature measuring device for key parts of the air-cooling condenser, an ambient temperature measuring element 11, a data acquisition and transmission device 14, a data processing device 15 and a state displaying device 16; the air-cooled condenser mainly comprises a steam inlet pipe 1, forward flow areas 81 and 82, a condensed water header 10, a reverse flow area 9 and an air extraction pipe 4; the critical part temperature measuring device comprises a plurality of temperature measuring elements and a temperature measuring cable 3, wherein the temperature measuring elements are arranged on the air outlet side of the air-cooled condenser and cross the forward flow area and the backward flow area, and each temperature measuring element is arranged on the temperature measuring cable 3; the temperature measuring cable 3, the data acquisition and transmission device 14, the data processing device 15 and the state display device 16 are sequentially connected, and the data acquisition and transmission device is also connected with the environment temperature measuring element 11;
the data acquisition and transmission device is used for acquiring temperature measurement data of the measurement element and the environment temperature measurement element 11 and transmitting the temperature measurement data to the data processing device 15;
the data processing device 15 is used for processing the data sent by the data acquisition and transmission device, comparing the temperature measured value of the key position with the ambient temperature, respectively summarizing the measuring point positions of which the measured values are obviously higher than the ambient temperature and are close to the ambient temperature, and dividing the air-cooling condenser into a first area 5, a second area 7 and an interface 6 between the first area and the second area; the data processing device also assigns a first characteristic temperature to each point temperature in one area and assigns a second characteristic temperature to each point temperature in the second area according to each area measured value; and the divided area range, the interface position and the temperature values of all points are transmitted to a state display device;
the state display device is used for displaying the information transmitted by the data processing device on the air-cooled condenser model: the method comprises the steps of dividing ranges of a first area and a second area and positions of interfaces, setting upper and lower limit values of an RGB color scheme according to a first characteristic temperature and a second characteristic temperature, painting a model by using temperature values assigned to each point by a data processing device according to the upper and lower limit values, and displaying a color model on a display screen;
fig. 3 and 4 are the demonstration results of the present example.
When the interface is positioned near an air exhaust pipeline in a countercurrent region in a color model of the air-cooling condenser displayed on a display screen by the state display device, the state display device proves that the air-cooling condenser has poor heat exchange effect, the frequency of an air-cooling fan needs to be increased to enhance heat exchange, or finned tubes need to be washed, and the like; when the interface is positioned at the middle upper part of the countercurrent region, the working state of the air-cooled condenser is proved to be good; when the interface is positioned at the bottom of a countercurrent area or even at the bottom of a concurrent area, the heat exchange surface and the cooling air of the air-cooling condenser are proved to be not fully utilized, the frequency of an air-cooling fan needs to be reduced, the functions of the heat exchanger and the cooling air need to be fully exerted, and the power consumption of the fan is saved.
Referring to fig. 2, a further embodiment of the present invention is shown, in which the temperature measuring elements are arranged in a different manner than in the previous embodiment, and in this arrangement, more cables are arranged at the measuring points at different heights in the counterflow region, and the interface position is more accurate; further, the first zone, the second zone, and the interface are demarcated by comparing the critical location temperature measurements to the steam temperature; all the others are not different.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides an air cooling condenser operating condition monitoring and display system which characterized in that includes:
the temperature measuring devices are arranged in a forward flow area and a backward flow area on the air outlet side of the air-cooled condenser and used for measuring the temperature of the forward flow area and the backward flow area, and the temperature measuring devices are fixed on a temperature measuring cable;
the data acquisition and transmission device is connected with the temperature measuring cable and is used for acquiring the measuring signal of the temperature measuring element;
the environment temperature measuring element is connected with the data acquisition and transmission device;
the data processing device is connected with the data acquisition and transmission device and is used for processing data according to the signals sent by the data acquisition and transmission device;
and the state display device is connected with the data processing device and used for displaying the colors of the air-cooled condenser at different positions and refreshing the display state according to the update frequency of the data output by the data processing device.
2. The air-cooled condenser working condition monitoring and displaying system according to claim 1, further comprising an extraction temperature measuring element and a steam temperature measuring element respectively connected to the data acquisition and transmission device.
3. A method for monitoring and displaying the working state of an air-cooled condenser is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, arranging a certain number of temperature measuring points in a forward flow area and a reverse flow area of an air-cooled condenser;
step 2, dividing the air-cooling condenser into a first area, a second area and an interface according to the difference value between the measured value of each temperature measuring point and the ambient temperature or the steam temperature of the air-cooling condenser, assigning the temperature of each point in the first area to a first characteristic temperature, and assigning the temperature of each point in the second area to a second characteristic temperature;
and 3, respectively representing the first characteristic temperature, the second characteristic temperature and the interface on the air-cooling condenser model by using different colors.
4. The method for monitoring and displaying the working condition of the air-cooled condenser according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1, temperature measuring elements are arranged at key positions of the air-cooled condenser to respectively obtain the temperatures of the key positions of the forward flow area and the reverse flow area;
step 2, comparing all the temperatures obtained in step 1 with the ambient temperature or the steam temperature of the air-cooled condenser, dividing the air-cooled condenser into a first area and a second area according to the comparison temperature of the measuring points, assigning the temperature of any point in the first area as a first characteristic temperature, and assigning the temperature of any point in the second area as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the second zone in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, an interface is reserved between the temperature of the first zone and the temperature of the point close to the first zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic;
step 3 is to construct a three-dimensional color model or a two-dimensional plane color model of the air-cooled condenser, and the model is divided into a first area, a second area and an interface according to step 2; the position of the interface changes according to the change of the temperature measurement values measured in the step 1; the first characteristic temperature, the second characteristic temperature and the interface are respectively expressed by different colors.
5. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooling condenser according to claim 4, wherein the step 2 is to compare all the temperatures obtained in the step 1 with the ambient temperature, divide the area where the measuring point with the temperature significantly higher than the ambient temperature is located and the area upstream thereof into a zone, and assign the temperature of any point in the zone as the first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature close to the ambient temperature and the downstream area of the measuring point into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the two zones in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, an interface is reserved between the temperature of the first zone and the temperature of the second zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic temperature.
6. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooling condenser according to claim 4, wherein the step 2 is to compare all the temperature measured values obtained in the step 1 with the steam temperature of the air-cooling condenser, divide the area where the measuring point with the temperature close to the steam temperature is located and the upstream area thereof into a zone, and assign the temperature of any point in the zone as the first characteristic temperature; dividing the area where the measuring point with the temperature obviously lower than the steam temperature and the downstream area into two areas, and assigning the temperature of any point in the two areas as a second characteristic temperature; the part between a measuring point close to the two zones in the first zone and a measuring point close to the first zone in the second zone in the length direction of the finned tube is called a transition zone, the temperature of a point close to the first zone in the transition zone is processed according to the temperature of the first zone, the temperature of a point close to the second zone is processed according to the temperature of the second zone, an interface is reserved between the temperature of the first zone and the temperature of the second zone, and the temperature of the upstream and the downstream of the interface is rapidly changed from the first characteristic temperature to the second characteristic temperature.
7. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooling condenser according to claim 5, wherein the forward flow region in step 1 refers to a region where the finned tubes are located between the steam distribution pipe and the condensed water header of the air-cooling condenser, steam in the finned tubes flows from the ends of the finned tubes connected with the steam distribution pipe to the ends connected with the condensed water header, the reverse flow region in step 1 refers to a region where the finned tubes are located between the condensed water header and the air exhaust pipeline, and steam in the finned tubes flows from the ends of the finned tubes connected with the condensed water header to the ends connected with the air exhaust pipeline.
8. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooled condenser according to claim 7, wherein the key positions in step 1 at least comprise the middle-lower part of the forward flow region and the whole reverse flow region.
9. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooled condenser according to claim 8, wherein the temperature measuring element in step 1 is a thermocouple, a thermal resistor or a digital chip temperature sensor, and the measuring point density in the countercurrent region is greater than that in the countercurrent region.
10. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooled condenser according to claim 9, wherein the ambient temperature in the step 2 is an exhaust air temperature.
11. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooling condenser according to claim 10, wherein the first characteristic temperature in the step 2 is completely consistent with the temperature values of all points in a zone, or,
the first characteristic temperature is within a range of temperature values for all points within a zone.
12. The method for monitoring and displaying the operating condition of the air-cooling condenser according to claim 10, wherein the second characteristic temperature in the step 2 is completely consistent with the temperature values of all points in the second zone, or,
the second characteristic temperature is within a range of temperature values for all points within the second zone.
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