CN112594120B - Ocean energy device integrating observation buoy and wave current power generation system - Google Patents
Ocean energy device integrating observation buoy and wave current power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112594120B CN112594120B CN202011584103.9A CN202011584103A CN112594120B CN 112594120 B CN112594120 B CN 112594120B CN 202011584103 A CN202011584103 A CN 202011584103A CN 112594120 B CN112594120 B CN 112594120B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
- F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
- F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
- F03B13/262—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the relative movement between a tide-operated member and another member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The ocean energy device integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system is characterized in that the wave power generation system is installed on the ocean energy device body integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system, the tidal current power generation system is installed below the wave power generation system, the seabed anchoring system is installed at the bottom of the tidal current power generation system, the observation platform of the wave floater is installed on the wave power generation system, and the wave energy collection module is installed on the wave floater. The invention has the advantages that: the device adopts the self mature technology, is oriented to the power supply requirements of the marine observation buoy and the navigation mark lamp, combines the low-flow-rate ocean current energy miniaturized power generation equipment and the multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy power generation system, carries out integrated combination design on the wave current power generation system, realizes comprehensive collection and utilization of the cross-water-layer ocean energy, combines the ocean energy power generation technology with the power supply of ocean instrument equipment, accelerates the intermediate link of the conversion of technical achievements to productivity, and promotes the industrialization of the ocean energy technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ocean energy device integrating an observation buoy and a wave current power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of power generation devices.
Background
The ocean has important significance for the survival and development of human society, the international society pays more and more attention to the problems of guaranteeing energy safety, protecting ecological environment, coping with climate change and the like, and the acceleration of the development and utilization of ocean energy becomes a common consensus and consistent action in coastal countries and regions in the world. The development of marine economy and marine scientific research is an important aspect for promoting the strong national strategy and must be well held.
China has abundant ocean energy resources and numerous islands, and has the condition of large-scale development and utilization of ocean energy. At present, coastal countries and regions pay more attention to ocean energy development, ocean energy development is laid out and promoted through making a medium-long development route map in disputes, diversified capital support is provided, a strong-pertinence incentive policy is issued, and ocean energy development is supported in various modes such as building an ocean energy research center, a marine test field and other public platforms. The ocean energy technology is developing in the directions of high efficiency, reliability, low cost, modularization, environmental friendliness and the like, and the trend of large-scale and commercialization of ocean energy utilization is more obvious.
Relevant departments of ocean energy in China are actively propelling ocean energy engineering application, tamping the ocean energy development foundation and realizing the conversion of ocean energy equipment from 'energy power generation' to 'stable power generation'. The energy requirements of marine activities such as marine observation and monitoring in China are combined, the design and manufacture of a miniaturized and modularized marine energy supply system are developed, marine energy equipment suitable for long-term stable operation in deep and open sea environments is developed, and stable energy supply is provided for marine instruments.
Although a plurality of sets of ocean energy devices are developed in China, some devices are still operated and tested at sea. However, most of the existing ocean energy devices are powered by single energy, the comprehensive collection and utilization of the ocean energy across the water layer are not realized, the continuous and stable output of the ocean energy power is not facilitated, and the continuous power generation efficiency is low. On the whole, the ocean energy development in China still faces the problems of small engineering demonstration scale, low technical maturity, low innovation capability, insufficient public platform service capability, unformed industrial chain, pending improvement of policy environment and the like. The method has the advantages that precious development opportunities must be caught, the bottleneck of commercial application is broken through actively, and the cross-over development of ocean energy is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ocean energy device integrating an observation buoy and a wave current power generation system.
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing ocean energy device does not meet the power consumption requirements of an offshore observation buoy and a navigation mark lamp, does not comprehensively collect and utilize the ocean energy across the water layer according to the characteristics of the ocean energy, is not beneficial to the continuous and stable output of the ocean energy power and has low continuous power generation efficiency.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the ocean energy device integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system comprises an ocean energy device body integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system, the wave power generation system, a wave floater, a group hydraulic oil cylinder, a one-way valve, a pressure gauge, a hydraulic accumulator, an overflow valve, a flow regulating valve, a first hydraulic motor generator set, a second motor generator set, an oil tank, a stop valve, a tidal current power generation system, an energy gathering duct, an impeller, a flow deflector, a collecting pipe, a ball, a tidal current energy generator set, a seabed anchoring system, an anchor chain, an anchor, an observation platform of the wave floater, an observation buoy, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a CAN (controller area network) sensor, an analog signal sensor, an NI (NI) data acquisition card and a computer, wherein the wave power generation system is installed on the ocean energy device body integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system, and the tidal current power generation system is installed below the wave power generation system, the bottom of the tidal current power generation system is provided with a seabed anchoring system, and the wave power generation system is provided with an observation platform of a wave floater; the wave power generation system is provided with a wave floater, the wave floater oscillates along with waves, the wave floater is provided with a wave energy collecting module, the wave floater is meshed with a group hydraulic cylinder through a wave rack, an oil outlet pipe of each hydraulic cylinder on the group hydraulic cylinder is connected with and provided with a check valve, an oil pipe behind the check valve is provided with a pressure gauge, an oil pipe behind the pressure gauge is provided with a hydraulic accumulator, an overflow valve and a flow regulating valve are arranged in parallel on the oil pipe behind the hydraulic accumulator, a first hydraulic motor generator set and a second motor generator set are arranged in parallel behind the flow regulating valve, oil tanks are arranged at the tail ends of the oil pipes of the second motor generator set, the first motor generator set and the overflow valve, an oil outlet oil pipe of the oil tank is provided with a plurality of stop valves in parallel, and the oil pipe behind the stop valves is connected with an oil inlet pipe of the group hydraulic cylinder; the bottom of the wave power generation system is provided with a special energy-collecting duct, the energy-collecting duct is installed on the tidal power generation system, an impeller is arranged in the energy-collecting duct, flow deflectors are installed in front and at the back of the impeller, the flow deflectors are connected and installed in a confluence pipe up and down, the shaft end of the impeller is connected and installed with a ball, and a tidal power generator set is installed behind the ball; a seabed anchoring system is installed at the bottom of the tidal current generator set in a butt joint mode, an anchor chain is installed on the seabed anchoring system, and an anchor is installed on the anchor chain; the first motor generator set, the second motor generator set and the tidal current energy generator set form a wave-current coupling power generation system, the wave-current coupling power generation system is connected with a wave floater through a circuit, an observation platform of the wave floater is installed on the wave floater, an observation buoy is installed on the observation platform of the wave floater, an observation buoy is connected with a PLC through a wire, the PLC is installed on the wave-current coupling power generation system, the PLC is connected with an ocean sensor through a wire, a CAN sensor and an analog signal sensor are installed on the wave-current coupling power generation system, the CAN sensor and the analog signal sensor are connected with an NI data acquisition card through a modulation and demodulation circuit, and the NI data acquisition card is connected with a computer through a USB data interface.
Furthermore, each group of 8 hydraulic cylinders in the group hydraulic cylinder is 12 groups, and the group hydraulic cylinder adopts a wave rack-group cylinder core technology and is meshed with the wave rack through symmetrically arranged group hydraulic cylinders.
Further, the wave floater basic parameters are as follows: the diameter is 3.2 meters, the initial power generation wave height is less than or equal to 0.3 meter, the rated power generation wave height is less than or equal to 0.6 meter, the efficiency exceeds 15 percent, and the rated output power is more than 200W; when a single wave floater generates electricity by waves, the efficiency exceeds 15%, and the rated output power is far more than 200W of the power required by the observation buoy.
Furthermore, a motion roller guide mechanism is arranged on the wave floater, so that large friction resistance generated by sliding guide is eliminated, and the wave energy conversion efficiency is effectively improved; the energy taking technology of the follow-up wave rack system and the hydraulic oil cylinder group can continuously and fully absorb wave energy; the wave floater has the function of an observation platform, and an observation instrument can be installed, so that the marine use of sea energy is effectively guaranteed; by adjusting the ballast water amount of the wave floater, the weight center of gravity of the device can be effectively expanded, and the safety of offshore work is ensured; by emptying the wave buoy of ballast water, the device can be floated, which is very beneficial to the installation, overhaul and maintenance of the device.
Furthermore, the tidal current energy generator set adopts a miniaturized bidirectional horizontal shaft structure; the energy-gathering duct is a bidirectional bell-mouth-shaped converging (diffusing) pipe duct, the inlet can converge and improve the flow velocity, the outlet can diffuse and reduce the flow velocity of the outlet, and a larger pressure difference is formed in front of and behind the energy-gathering duct, so that the starting flow velocity is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the impeller is obviously improved.
Furthermore, the impeller is a bidirectional horizontal shaft self-variable pitch impeller, and blades on the impeller adopt a symmetrical wing type and self-variable pitch structure; meanwhile, the impeller is designed by multiple blades, so that the compactness is increased, and the impeller is a bidirectional efficient impeller which is started at a low flow speed and has high energy conversion efficiency.
Further, the basic parameters of the impeller are as follows: the diameter is 1.2 m, the rated flow rate is 1.0 m/S, the rated rotation speed is 67 r/min, the starting flow rate is less than or equal to 0.4 m/S, the efficiency is not less than 35 percent, and the rated output power is more than 200W; the rated output power of the tidal current energy generator set is far greater than the power consumption requirement of the 200W observation buoy, and the power consumption requirement of the observation buoy can be effectively guaranteed by complementing the output electric energy of the wave power generation system.
Furthermore, a wave-current coupling power generation automatic control and protection system is arranged on the ocean energy device body integrating the observation buoy and the wave-current power generation system; the implementation of the wave-current coupling power generation automatic control technology is realized through the PLC, and the stable power supply of the load, small wave and small load and large wave and large load at different time intervals can be realized aiming at the instability of ocean energy, so that the whole set of power generation system works continuously and stably; according to the sea condition of the sea area, determining the alarm value of each technical parameter in the wave current power generation system, and entering a protection mode under the condition that the alarm value exceeds a set value so as to avoid damage and impact of equipment elements of the wave current coupling power generation system.
Furthermore, a wave-current coupling power generation system data acquisition and ocean energy state evaluation system is arranged on the ocean energy device body integrating the observation buoy and the wave-current power generation system; through wireless transmission and GPS positioning, remote transmission of a wave-current coupling power generation system and monitoring parameters is realized, and some parameters such as voltage, current, power and the like of the system are remotely monitored in real time, so that ocean energy state evaluation is realized; the CAN sensor, the analog signal sensor, the NI data acquisition card and the computer form a data acquisition system of the wave-current coupling power generation device; the data acquisition system of the wave current coupling power generation device converts a test signal into a current signal through the CAN sensor and the analog signal sensor, and converts the current signal into a digital signal which CAN be recognized by a computer by using an NI data acquisition card after the signal is conditioned by the conditioning circuit.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the tidal current energy generator set and the impeller blades adopt the mature technology of ship corrosion prevention and marine organism prevention, so that the problems of corrosion prevention and pollution prevention are solved.
The invention has the advantages that: the device adopts the self mature technology, aims at the power supply requirements of the marine observation buoy and the beacon light, combines the low-flow-rate ocean current energy miniaturized power generation equipment and the multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy power generation system, and integrally combines the wave power generation system to realize the comprehensive collection and utilization of the cross-water layer ocean energy, wherein the efficiency of the ocean current energy unit is not less than 35 percent, and the efficiency of the wave energy system is not less than 15 percent; the wave power generation system on the upper part of the ocean energy device adopts a mature wave power generation technology 'wave rack-group oil cylinder core technology', and overcomes the defect that the energy taking of the existing floater is only connected with one hydraulic cylinder by symmetrically arranging the group hydraulic oil cylinders to be meshed with the wave racks, thereby not only fully absorbing the wave energy and improving the conversion efficiency, but also eliminating the impact influence caused by wave disturbance and realizing the stable conversion of the machine energy; on the basis of the bidirectional horizontal shaft self-variable pitch impeller technology, the tidal current power generation system at the lower part of the ocean energy device is provided with the bidirectional efficient impeller which is started at a low flow speed and has high energy conversion efficiency, so that the blades can efficiently capture ocean tidal current energy under various ocean conditions, and the overall utilization efficiency of the tidal current energy is improved; the wave power generation system and the tidal current power generation system enable sea waves and tidal current to generate power in a complementary mode, and therefore cross-water layer energy collection of ocean energy is achieved; aiming at the instability of ocean energy, the PLC is adopted to control and develop the safe and automatic control and protection technology of wave-current coupling power generation, so that the voltage at different time intervals can stably supply power to the load, the small wave load and the large wave load can ensure that the whole set of power generation system continuously and stably works; according to the sea condition of an implementation sea area, determining the alarm value of each technical parameter in the wave-current coupling power generation system, and entering a protection mode under the condition that the alarm value exceeds a set value so as to avoid the damage and impact of equipment elements of the wave-current coupling power generation system; through wireless transmission and GPS positioning, remote transmission of a wave-current coupling power generation system and monitoring parameters is realized, and some parameters such as voltage, current, power and the like of the system are remotely monitored in real time, so that ocean energy state evaluation is realized; the wave floater has the function of an observation platform, and an observation instrument can be installed, so that marine use of sea energy is effectively guaranteed; the weight center of gravity of the device can be effectively developed by adjusting the ballast water amount of the floater, the safety of offshore work is ensured, and the device can float by emptying the ballast water of the floater, so that the device is very favorable for installation, overhaul and maintenance; the surfaces of the tidal current energy generator set and the impeller blades adopt ship anticorrosion and marine organism prevention mature technologies, so that the problems of anticorrosion and antifouling can be effectively solved; the device combines the ocean energy power generation technology with the power supply of ocean instrument equipment, accelerates the intermediate link of the conversion of technical achievements to productivity, and promotes the industrialization of the ocean energy technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ocean power plant with integrated observation buoy and wave current power generation system;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a group hydraulic oil cylinder energy taking mechanism of the ocean energy device integrating an observation buoy and a wave current power generation system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wave energy power generation hydraulic system of an ocean energy device integrating an observation buoy and a wave flow power generation system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the wave energy continuous and stable conversion power generation principle of the ocean energy device integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a tidal current power generation system of an ocean energy device integrating an observation buoy and a wave current power generation system;
FIG. 6 is a wave-current coupled power generation device data acquisition system for an ocean energy device integrating an observation buoy and a wave-current power generation system;
in the figure: 1. the ocean energy device comprises an ocean energy device body 2 integrating an observation buoy and a wave current power generation system, a wave power generation system 21, a wave floater 22, a group hydraulic oil cylinder 23, a one-way valve 24, a pressure gauge 25, a hydraulic accumulator 26, an overflow valve 27, a flow regulating valve 28, a first hydraulic motor generator set 29, a second motor generator set 210, an oil tank 211, a stop valve 3, a tidal current power generation system 31, an energy collection duct 32, an impeller 33, a flow deflector 34, a collecting pipe 35, a ball 36, a tidal current energy generator set 4, a seabed anchoring system 41, an anchor chain 42, an anchor 5, an observation platform 51 of the wave floater, an observation buoy 52, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 53, a CAN (controller area network) sensor 54, an analog signal sensor 55, an NI data acquisition card 56 and a computer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
The ocean energy device integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system comprises an ocean energy device body 1 integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system, a wave power generation system 2, a wave floater 21, a group hydraulic oil cylinder 22, a one-way valve 23, a pressure gauge 24, a hydraulic accumulator 25, an overflow valve 26, a flow regulating valve 27, a first hydraulic motor generator set 28, a second motor generator set 29, an oil tank 210, a stop valve 211, a tidal current power generation system 3, an energy collecting duct 31, an impeller 32, a flow deflector 33, a confluence pipe 34, a ball 35, a tidal current energy generator set 36, a seabed anchoring system 4, an anchor chain 41, an anchor 42, an observation platform 5 of the wave floater, an observation buoy 51, a PLC (programmable logic controller) 52, a CAN (controller area network) sensor 53, an analog signal sensor 54, an NI data acquisition card 55 and a computer 56, wherein the wave power generation system 2 is installed on the ocean energy device body 1 integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system, the wave power generation system 2 is provided with a tidal current power generation system 3 for ocean current power generation, the bottom of the tidal current power generation system 3 is provided with a seabed anchoring system 4 for fixation, and the wave power generation system 2 is provided with an observation platform 5 of a wave floater for observation; the wave power generation system 2 is provided with a wave floater 21 for collecting wave energy, the wave floater 21 oscillates along with the wave, a wave energy collecting module is arranged on the wave floater 21, the wave floater 21 is meshed with a group hydraulic cylinder 22 through a wave rack and is used for converting the wave energy into mechanical energy, an oil outlet pipe of each hydraulic cylinder on the group hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected with a check valve 23 and is used for controlling the direction, an oil pipe behind the check valve 23 is provided with a pressure gauge 24 and is used for monitoring the pressure, an oil pipe behind the pressure gauge 24 is provided with a hydraulic accumulator 25 and is used for converting discontinuous and stable hydraulic energy into continuous and stable hydraulic energy, an oil pipe behind the hydraulic accumulator 25 is provided with an overflow valve 26 and a flow regulating valve 27 in parallel and is used for preventing the overflow of oil and regulating the flow, and a first hydraulic motor generator set 28 and a second motor generator set 29 are arranged behind the flow regulating valve 27 in parallel and are provided with the first hydraulic motor generator set 28 and the second motor generator set 29, the oil pipes of the second motor generator set 29, the first motor generator set 28 and the overflow valve 26 are provided with oil tanks 210 at the tail ends for storing oil, a plurality of stop valves 211 are arranged in parallel on the oil pipes of the oil outlets of the oil tanks 210 for stopping the oil, and the oil pipes behind the stop valves 211 are connected with the oil inlet pipes of the group hydraulic oil cylinders 22; the wave power generation system 2 is characterized in that a special energy-collecting duct 31 is arranged at the bottom of the wave power generation system 2 and used for forming ocean current pressure difference, the energy-collecting duct 31 is installed on the tidal power generation system 3, an impeller 32 is arranged in the energy-collecting duct 31 and used for converting ocean current energy into mechanical energy, flow deflectors 33 are installed on the front portion and the rear portion of the impeller 32 and used for guiding ocean current, the flow deflectors 33 are vertically connected and installed in a collecting pipe 34 and are container components, a ball 35 is installed at the shaft end of the impeller 32 and used for providing rolling rotation, and a tidal current energy generator set 36 is installed behind the ball 35 and used for generating electricity; the bottom of the tidal current generator set 36 is provided with a seabed anchoring system 4 in a butt joint mode, an anchor chain 41 is arranged on the seabed anchoring system 4 and used for providing connection, and an anchor 42 is arranged on the anchor chain 41 and used for being inserted into the seabed; the first motor generator set 28, the second motor generator set 29 and the tidal current energy generator set 36 form a wave-current coupling power generation system, the wave-current coupling power generation system is connected with the wave floater 21 through a circuit, the observation platform 5 of the wave floater is arranged on the wave floater 21 and used for providing observation, the observation platform 5 of the wave floater is provided with an observation buoy 51 and used for providing observation, the observation buoy 51 is connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) 52 through a lead and used for providing automatic control, the PLC 52 is arranged on the wave-current coupling power generation system, the PLC 52 is connected with an ocean sensor through a lead, the wave-current coupling power generation system is provided with a CAN sensor 53 and an analog signal sensor 54 and used for acquiring test signals, the CAN sensor 53 and the analog signal sensor 54 are connected with an NI data acquisition card 55 through a modulation and demodulation circuit and used for converting current signals into recognizable digital signals, the NI data acquisition card 55 is connected to a computer 56 via a USB data interface for processing data.
Further, each group of the hydraulic cylinders in the group hydraulic cylinder 22 comprises 8 hydraulic cylinders and 12 hydraulic cylinders; the group hydraulic oil cylinder 22 adopts a wave rack-group oil cylinder core technology, and the symmetrical arrangement of the group hydraulic oil cylinder 22 and the wave rack engagement overcomes the defect that the energy taking of the existing wave floater 21 only connected with one hydraulic cylinder is insufficient, so that the wave energy can be fully absorbed, the conversion efficiency is improved, the impact influence caused by wave disturbance is eliminated, and the stable conversion of the machine energy is realized.
Further, the wave float 21 basic parameters: the diameter is 3.2 meters, the initial power generation wave height is less than or equal to 0.3 meter, the rated power generation wave height is less than or equal to 0.6 meter, the efficiency exceeds 15 percent, and the rated output power is more than 200W; when the single wave floater 21 generates electricity by waves, the efficiency is over 15 percent, and the rated output power is far larger than 200W of power required by the observation buoy 51.
Furthermore, a motion roller guide mechanism is arranged on the wave floater 21, so that large friction resistance generated by sliding guide is eliminated, and the wave energy conversion efficiency is effectively improved; the energy taking technology of the follow-up wave rack system and the group hydraulic oil cylinder 22 can continuously and fully absorb wave energy; the wave floater 21 has the function of an observation platform, and can be provided with an observation instrument, so that the marine use of sea energy is effectively guaranteed; by adjusting the ballast water amount of the wave floater 21, the weight center of gravity of the device can be effectively developed, and the working safety on the sea is ensured; by emptying the wave buoy 21 of ballast water, the device can be floated, which is very advantageous for installation, overhaul and maintenance of the device.
Further, the tidal current energy generator set 36 adopts a miniaturized bidirectional horizontal shaft structure; the energy-collecting duct 31 is a two-way bell-mouth-shaped converging (diffusing) pipe duct, the inlet can converge and improve the flow velocity, the outlet can diffuse and reduce the flow velocity of the outlet, and a large pressure difference is formed in front of and behind the energy-collecting duct 31, so that the starting flow velocity is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the impeller 32 is obviously improved.
Further, the impeller 32 is a bidirectional horizontal shaft self-variable pitch impeller, and blades on the impeller 32 adopt a symmetrical wing type and self-variable pitch structure; meanwhile, the impeller 32 is designed by multiple blades, so that the solidity is increased, the low-flow-rate starting capability is effectively improved, and the bidirectional ocean current energy can be efficiently utilized.
Further, the basic parameters of the impeller 32 are: the diameter is 1.2 m, the rated flow rate is 1.0 m/S, the rated rotation speed is 67 r/min, the starting flow rate is less than or equal to 0.4 m/S, the efficiency is not less than 35 percent, and the rated output power is more than 200W; the rated output power of the tidal current energy generator set 36 is far greater than the power consumption requirement of the 200W observation buoy 51, and is complementary with the output electric energy of the wave power generation system 2, so that the power supply requirement of the observation buoy 51 can be effectively guaranteed.
Further, a wave-current coupling power generation automatic control and protection system is arranged on the ocean energy device body 1 integrating the observation buoy and the wave-current power generation system; the PLC 52 is used for realizing the implementation of the wave-current coupling power generation automatic control technology, and aiming at the instability of ocean energy, the voltage can stably supply power to the load at different time intervals, the small wave load is small, the large wave load is large, and the whole set of power generation system can continuously and stably work; according to the sea condition of the implementation sea area, the alarm values of all technical parameters in the wave flow power generation system are determined, and the protection mode is entered under the condition that the alarm values exceed the set values, so that the damage and impact of equipment elements of the wave flow coupling power generation system are avoided.
Further, a wave-current coupling power generation system data acquisition and ocean energy state evaluation system is installed on the ocean energy device body 1 integrating the observation buoy and the wave-current power generation system; through wireless transmission and GPS positioning, remote transmission of a wave-current coupling power generation system and monitoring parameters is realized, and some parameters such as voltage, current, power and the like of the system are remotely monitored in real time, so that ocean energy state evaluation is realized; the CAN sensor 53, the analog signal sensor 54, the NI data acquisition card 55 and the computer 56 form a data acquisition system of the wave-current coupling power generation device; the data acquisition system of the wave current coupling power generation device converts a test signal into a current signal through the CAN sensor 53 and the analog signal sensor 54, and converts the current signal into a digital signal which CAN be identified by the computer 56 through the NI data acquisition card 55 after the signal is conditioned by the conditioning circuit.
Furthermore, the blade surfaces of the tidal current energy generator set 36 and the impeller 32 adopt the mature technology of ship corrosion prevention and marine organism prevention, so that the problems of corrosion prevention and pollution prevention are solved.
The using method comprises the following steps: the ocean energy device body 1 integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system is thrown into the sea, the anchor chain 41 drives the anchor 42 to be inserted into the sea bottom, and the sea bottom anchoring system 4 fixes the device; the device is floated by emptying the ballast water of the wave floater 21, so that the installation, the overhaul and the maintenance of the device are facilitated; after the device is installed, the weight center of gravity of the device can be effectively developed by adjusting the ballast water amount of the wave floater 21, so that the working safety on the sea is ensured; the wave floater 21 oscillates along with the waves, the energy is transmitted to the hydraulic group oil cylinder 22 through the wave rack, the hydraulic group oil cylinder 22 works to drive the first hydraulic motor generator set 28 and the second hydraulic motor generator set 29 to generate electricity, and the electricity generation of the wave power generation system 2 on the upper part of the ocean energy device is realized; in the ocean current field, when ocean current flows through the energy-collecting duct 31, the impeller 32 rotates to drive the tidal current energy generating set 36 to output electric energy; the wave power generation system 2 and the tidal power generation system 3 generate power in a complementary mode to form a wave-current coupling power generation system, the wave-current coupling power generation system is automatically controlled through the PLC 52, voltage in different time periods can stably supply power to the observation buoy 51, and the whole set of power generation system works continuously and stably with small waves and large waves; according to the sea condition of an implementation sea area, determining the alarm value of each technical parameter in the wave-current coupling power generation system, and entering a protection mode under the condition that the alarm value exceeds a set value to avoid the damage and impact of equipment elements of the wave-current coupling power generation system, so that the automatic control of the wave-current coupling power generation device and the realization of a protection system are realized; the ocean energy state evaluation method comprises the steps of realizing remote transmission of a wave-current coupling power generation system and monitoring parameters through wireless transmission and GPS positioning on an ocean energy device, converting a test signal into a current signal through a CAN sensor 53 and an analog signal sensor 54, converting the current signal into a digital signal which CAN be identified by a computer 56 through an NI data acquisition card 55 after the signal is conditioned by a conditioning circuit, and remotely transmitting the digital signal to the computer 56, and remotely monitoring some parameters such as voltage, current, power and the like of the system at any time, thereby realizing ocean energy state evaluation; the wave floater 21 has the function of an observation platform, and an observation instrument can be installed, so that the marine use of sea energy is effectively guaranteed.
Claims (10)
1. The ocean energy device integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system comprises an ocean energy device body (1) integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system, a wave power generation system (2), a wave buoy (21), a group hydraulic oil cylinder (22), a one-way valve (23), a pressure gauge (24), a hydraulic energy accumulator (25), an overflow valve (26), a flow regulating valve (27), a first motor generator set (28), a second motor generator set (29), an oil tank (210), a stop valve (211), a tidal current power generation system (3), an energy-gathering duct (31), an impeller (32), a flow deflector (33), a confluence pipe (34), a ball (35), a tidal current energy generator set (36), a seabed anchoring system (4), an anchor chain (41), an anchor (42), an observation platform (5) of the wave buoy, an observation buoy (51), a PLC (52), CAN sensor (53), analog signal sensor (54), NI data acquisition card (55) and computer (56), characterized by: the wave power generation device is characterized in that a wave power generation system (2) is mounted on an ocean energy device body (1) integrating an observation buoy and a wave current power generation system, a tidal power generation system (3) is mounted below the wave power generation system (2), a seabed anchoring system (4) is mounted at the bottom of the tidal power generation system (3), and an observation platform (5) of a wave floater is mounted on the wave power generation system (2); a wave floater (21) is arranged on the wave power generation system (2), the wave floater (21) oscillates along with the waves, a wave energy collecting module is arranged on the wave floater (21), the wave floater (21) is meshed with a group hydraulic oil cylinder (22) through a wave rack, a check valve (23) is connected and arranged on an oil outlet pipe of each hydraulic cylinder on the group hydraulic oil cylinder (22), a pressure gauge (24) is arranged on an oil pipe behind the check valve (23), a hydraulic accumulator (25) is arranged on the oil pipe behind the pressure gauge (24), an overflow valve (26) and a flow regulating valve (27) are arranged on the oil pipe behind the hydraulic accumulator (25) in parallel, a first motor generator set (28) and a second motor generator set (29) are arranged behind the flow regulating valve (27) in parallel, oil tanks (210) are arranged at the tail ends of the oil pipes of the second motor generator set (29), the first motor generator set (28) and the overflow valve (26), a plurality of stop valves (211) are arranged on an oil pipe at an oil outlet of the oil tank (210) in parallel, and the oil pipe behind the stop valves (211) is connected with an oil inlet pipe of the group hydraulic oil cylinder (22); the wave power generation system is characterized in that a special energy-collecting duct (31) is arranged at the bottom of the wave power generation system (2), the energy-collecting duct (31) is installed on the tidal current power generation system (3), an impeller (32) is arranged in the energy-collecting duct (31), flow deflectors (33) are installed in front of and behind the impeller (32), the flow deflectors (33) are installed in a collecting pipe (34) in an up-and-down connection mode, a ball (35) is installed at the shaft end of the impeller (32) in a connection mode, and a tidal current energy generator set (36) is installed behind the ball (35); the bottom of the tidal current energy generator set (36) is provided with a seabed anchoring system (4) in a butt joint mode, an anchor chain (41) is arranged on the seabed anchoring system (4), and an anchor (42) is arranged on the anchor chain (41); a first motor-generator set (28), the second motor generator set (29) and the tidal current energy generator set (36) form a wave-current coupling power generation system, the wave-current coupling power generation system is connected with a wave floater (21) through a circuit, an observation platform (5) of the wave floater is installed on the wave floater (21), an observation buoy (51) is installed on the observation platform (5) of the wave floater, the observation buoy (51) is connected with a PLC (52) through a lead, the PLC (52) is installed on the wave-current coupling power generation system, the PLC (52) is connected with an ocean sensor through a lead, a CAN sensor (53) and an analog signal sensor (54) are installed on the wave-current coupling power generation system, the CAN sensor (53) and the analog signal sensor (54) are connected with an NI data acquisition card (55) through a modulation and demodulation circuit, and the NI data acquisition card (55) is connected with a computer (56) through a USB data interface.
2. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: each group of 8 hydraulic cylinders in the group hydraulic cylinder (22) is totally 12; the group hydraulic oil cylinders (22) adopt a wave rack-group oil cylinder core technology and are meshed with the wave racks through symmetrically arranged group hydraulic oil cylinders (22).
3. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: the wave floater (21) basic parameters are as follows: the diameter is 3.2 meters, the initial power generation wave height is less than or equal to 0.3 meter, the rated power generation wave height is less than or equal to 0.6 meter, the efficiency exceeds 15 percent, and the rated output power is more than 200W; the efficiency of a single wave floater (21) is over 15 percent when the wave generates electricity.
4. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: the wave floater (21) is provided with a moving roller guide mechanism, so that large friction resistance generated by sliding guide is eliminated, and the wave energy conversion efficiency is effectively improved; the energy taking technology of the follow-up wave rack system and the hydraulic oil cylinders (22) of the group can continuously and fully absorb wave energy; the wave floater (21) has the function of an observation platform, and can be provided with an observation instrument, so that marine use of sea energy is effectively guaranteed; by adjusting the ballast water amount of the wave floater (21), the weight center of gravity of the device can be effectively adjusted, and the work safety on the sea is ensured; by emptying the wave buoy (21) of ballast water, the device can be floated, which is very beneficial for installation, overhaul and maintenance of the device.
5. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: the tidal current energy generator set (36) adopts a miniaturized bidirectional horizontal shaft structure; the energy-collecting duct (31) is a bidirectional bell-mouth-shaped converging and diffusing pipe duct, the inlet can converge and improve the flow velocity, the outlet can diffuse and reduce the flow velocity of the outlet, and a large pressure difference is formed in front of and behind the energy-collecting duct (31), so that the starting flow velocity is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the impeller (32) is obviously improved.
6. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: the impeller (32) is a bidirectional horizontal shaft self-variable-pitch impeller, and blades on the impeller (32) adopt a symmetrical wing type self-variable-pitch structure; meanwhile, the impeller (32) adopts a multi-blade design, so that the compactness is increased, and the impeller is a bidirectional efficient impeller which is started at a low flow speed and has high energy conversion efficiency.
7. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: basic parameters of the impeller (32): the diameter is 1.2 m, the rated flow rate is 1.0 m/S, the rated rotation speed is 67 r/min, the starting flow rate is less than or equal to 0.4 m/S, the efficiency is not less than 35 percent, and the rated output power is more than 200W; the tidal current energy generator set (36) is complementary with the electric energy output by the wave power generation system (2), and the power supply requirement of the observation buoy (51) can be effectively guaranteed.
8. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: the ocean energy device body (1) integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system is provided with an automatic wave current coupling power generation control and protection system; the implementation of the wave-current coupling power generation automatic control technology is realized through the PLC (52), and the stable power supply of the load, small waves and small loads and large waves and large loads at different time intervals can be realized aiming at the instability of ocean energy, so that the wave-current coupling power generation system can work continuously and stably; according to the sea condition of the sea area, determining the alarm value of each technical parameter in the wave-current coupling power generation system, and entering a protection mode under the condition that the alarm value exceeds a set value so as to avoid the damage and impact of equipment elements of the wave-current coupling power generation system.
9. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: the ocean energy device body (1) integrating the observation buoy and the wave current power generation system is provided with a wave current coupling power generation system data acquisition and ocean energy state evaluation system; through wireless transmission and GPS positioning, remote transmission of a wave-current coupling power generation system and monitoring parameters is realized, and some parameters of voltage, current and power of the system are remotely monitored in real time, so that ocean energy state evaluation is realized; the data acquisition system of the wave-current coupling power generation system consists of a CAN sensor (53), an analog signal sensor (54), an NI data acquisition card (55) and a computer (56); the data acquisition system of the wave-current coupling power generation system converts a test signal into a current signal through a CAN sensor (53) and an analog signal sensor (54), and the current signal is converted into a digital signal which CAN be recognized by a computer (56) through an NI data acquisition card (55) after being conditioned by a modulation and demodulation circuit.
10. The integrated ocean energy device of claim 1, wherein the buoy comprises: the blade surfaces of the tidal current energy generator set (36) and the impeller (32) adopt the mature technology of ship corrosion prevention and marine organism prevention, so that the problems of corrosion prevention and pollution prevention are solved.
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| CN114313105B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-11-11 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所 | Wave energy power generation device of ocean buoy |
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| JP2005240786A (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Tidal current power generation device |
| EP3324037A2 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-23 | Ocean Harvesting Technologies AB | Power take-off device |
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| CN102767464B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-08-20 | 浙江海洋学院 | Wave power generation assembly with hyperbolic rack |
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| CN103758687A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-04-30 | 大连海事大学 | Wave energy and ocean current energy integrated generator and power generation method thereof |
| CN110077541B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2023-11-21 | 上海海洋大学 | Marine floating platform protection device and cleaning method thereof |
| CN111502899B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-08-03 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Ocean energy wave and current integrated power generation device |
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| JP2005240786A (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Tidal current power generation device |
| EP3324037A2 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-23 | Ocean Harvesting Technologies AB | Power take-off device |
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