CN112593159A - Automobile steel material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Automobile steel material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112593159A CN112593159A CN202011454736.8A CN202011454736A CN112593159A CN 112593159 A CN112593159 A CN 112593159A CN 202011454736 A CN202011454736 A CN 202011454736A CN 112593159 A CN112593159 A CN 112593159A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
- B22D11/225—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automobile steel material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the automobile steel material comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: c: 0.05-0.2%, Si: 1.0-1.5%, Mn: 2.0-3.0%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.08%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The preparation method of the steel material for the automobile is reasonable in design, and can be used for obtaining a steel plate with excellent obdurability matching by improving the content of Mn under the condition of only adding a small amount of Cu alloy elements, and comprehensively controlling the MnS in the steel from each process, so that the MnS in the steel is controlled to be small-size and dispersedly-distributed spindle-shaped or nearly-spherical inclusions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to an automobile steel material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Ultra-low carbon bainitic steel is a novel steel grade with high strength, high toughness and excellent welding performance developed in the last two decades. The ultra-low carbon bainite steel developed at present contains alloy elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu and the like, and has the main function of inhibiting transformation of proeutectoid ferrite to obtain a high-strength bainite structure, but the alloy cost of the steel is high.
It is known that Mn element has the same action of inhibiting transformation of pro-eutectoid ferrite and improving hardenability of steel, and is inexpensive, but it has not been used as a main element for obtaining a bainite structure in the past in the development of ultra low carbon bainite steel, and the addition amount thereof is less than 2.0%, and the typical content range is 1.0 to 1.8%. One of the main reasons is that Mn belongs to easily segregated elements, and the central performance of the steel plate is deteriorated due to the segregation of Mn in the center of a continuous casting slab; in addition, Mn is easy to combine with S in steel to form MnS inclusions, and has great harm to toughness and plasticity of the steel. However, the development of modern clean steel metallurgy technology enables the content of impurity elements such as S in molten steel to be controlled at a very low level, and the application of continuous casting soft reduction and electromagnetic stirring technology can greatly improve the central segregation condition. In addition, the development of controlled rolling and cooling technology makes the structure thinning and even ultra-fining possible, and can offset the adverse effect of high Mn on the toughness and plasticity of the steel plate to a great extent.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a steel material for an automobile and a method for manufacturing the same, which can use Mn element as a main alloying element of ultra low carbon bainite steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to overcome the above problems occurring in the conventional art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ferrous material for automobiles and a method for preparing the same.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an automotive ferrous material, the chemical composition of which comprises by weight: c: 0.05-0.2%, Si: 1.0-1.5%, Mn: 2.0-3.0%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.08%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
A preparation method of steel and iron materials for automobiles comprises smelting, continuous casting, heating, rolling and cooling, wherein,
in the smelting process, a plurality of air blowing heads are uniformly arranged at the circular seam type air brick at the bottom of the steel ladle, argon blowing operation is carried out by utilizing the air blowing heads, the fluctuation of argon flow is noticed, the argon flow is correspondingly improved, the stirring effect of argon blowing is improved, and the floating of inclusions in the gas steel is promoted; the molten steel composition and temperature uniformity in the ladle are improved, so that the segregation of elements and gaseous inclusions is reduced;
in the continuous casting process, molten steel of a converter enters a continuous casting machine after being refined by a refining furnace, and the specific water amount of secondary cooling of the continuous casting machine is 0.8-1.0L/kg; electromagnetic stirring is adopted and is divided into three positions, namely electromagnetic stirring in a crystallizer, electromagnetic stirring in a second cooling section and electromagnetic stirring at a solidification tail end;
in the heating process, the continuous casting billet is placed into a heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1150-;
during the rolling process, the accumulated deformation of rough rolling is 46-47%; the accumulated deformation of finish rolling is 60-62%;
in the cooling process, the cooling speed is 10-18 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature is 200-;
wherein the chemical components of the steel material for the automobile comprise the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.20%, Si: 1.0-1.5%, Mn: 2.0-3.0%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.08%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Further, in the above method for manufacturing an automotive ferrous material, the pressure of argon blowing is 0.25-0.30MPa, and the time is 6-10 min.
Further, in the method for manufacturing the steel material for the automobile, the rough rolling is performed in 2 passes, the first pass deformation amount is 23% -24%, and the second pass deformation amount is 27% -28%.
Further, in the above method for manufacturing an iron and steel material for an automobile, the finish rolling is divided into 4 passes of rolling, the first pass of which has a deformation amount of 17% to 18%, the second pass of which has a deformation amount of 20% to 21%, the third pass of which has a deformation amount of 20% to 21%, and the fourth pass of which has a deformation amount of 23% to 25%.
Further, in the preparation method of the steel material for the automobile, the rough rolling initial rolling temperature is 1100-1150 ℃, and the rough rolling final rolling temperature is 950-1000 ℃.
Further, in the above preparation method of the steel material for automobiles, the finish rolling start temperature is 960-.
Further, in the method for manufacturing an automotive ferrous material as described above, the automotive ferrous material contains the following chemical components by weight: c: 0.05-0.10%, Si: 1.0-1.2%, Mn: 2.5-2.8%, Cu: 0.5-0.8%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.01-0.02%, Al: 0.01-0.04%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the preparation method of the steel material for the automobile is reasonable in design, and can be used for obtaining a steel plate with excellent obdurability matching by improving the content of Mn under the condition of only adding a small amount of Cu alloy elements, and comprehensively controlling the MnS in the steel from each process, so that the MnS in the steel is controlled to be small-size and dispersedly-distributed spindle-shaped or nearly-spherical inclusions.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product that embodies the invention to achieve all of the above advantages simultaneously.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a microstructure view of an automobile steel material in example 2 after a process treatment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment is a preparation method of an automobile steel material, and the automobile steel material comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: c: 0.05-0.2%, Si: 1.0-1.5%, Mn: 2.0-3.0%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.08%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Carbon (C): carbon is the most important solid solution strengthening element, and the strength of the steel is remarkably improved. However, carbon is very disadvantageous for improving the impact toughness of steel, especially the impact energy of the upper platform, and also significantly impairs the weldability. Therefore, the steel material of the present invention is designed to contain 0.05 to 0.2% of carbon.
Silicon (Si): silicon is the main deoxidizing element in steel, and silicon can be dissolved in ferrite to improve the strength and hardness of the steel. Therefore, the steel material of the present invention is designed to contain 1.0 to 1.5% of silicon.
Manganese (Mn): the manganese element obviously improves the hardenability of the steel, is a main element for obtaining an ultra-low carbon bainite structure in the invention, and simultaneously has a certain solid solution strengthening effect. Although Mn is easy to form MnS impurities with S in the steel and damages the performance of the steel, the invention can control MnS into small-size and dispersedly-distributed spindle-shaped or nearly-spherical inclusions through a series of system improvements. Therefore, the steel material of the present invention is designed to contain Mn in an amount of 2.0 to 3.0%.
Copper (Cu): the copper element mainly utilizes the precipitation strengthening effect of copper in the later period of aging, and improves the strength of steel on the premise of not damaging the toughness. Therefore, the steel material of the present invention is designed to contain 0.5 to 1.0% of Cu.
Niobium (Nb): the niobium element can inhibit the deformation recrystallization behavior of high-temperature austenite, improve the recrystallization temperature, enlarge a non-recrystallization region, increase the deformation accumulation during rolling of the non-recrystallization region, introduce high-density dislocation and promote the tissue refinement. Therefore, in the steel material composition design according to the present invention, the amount of Nb added is 0.02 to 0.08%.
Titanium (Ti): the titanium element is added to form nano-sized TiN particles, so that austenite grains can be refined in the heating process of the casting blank. Therefore, the steel material of the invention has the components design that the addition amount of Ti is 0.01 to 0.04 percent
Aluminum (Al): the aluminum element is a strong deoxidizing element and can be combined with N to form AlN, so that the effect of grain refinement can be achieved. Therefore, in the steel material composition design according to the present invention, the amount of Al added is 0.01 to 0.06%.
The preparation method of the steel material for the automobile comprises smelting, continuous casting, heating, rolling and cooling, wherein,
in the smelting process, a plurality of air blowing heads are uniformly arranged at the circular seam type air brick at the bottom of the steel ladle, the air blowing heads are used for argon blowing operation, the argon blowing pressure is 0.25-0.30MPa, and the time is 6-10 min;
in the continuous casting process, molten steel of a converter enters a continuous casting machine after being refined by a refining furnace, and the specific water amount of secondary cooling of the continuous casting machine is 0.8-1.0L/kg; electromagnetic stirring is adopted and is divided into three positions, namely electromagnetic stirring in a crystallizer, electromagnetic stirring in a second cooling section and electromagnetic stirring at a solidification tail end;
in the heating process, the continuous casting billet is placed into a heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1150-;
in the rolling process, the rough rolling is divided into 2 passes of rolling, the deformation of the first pass is 23% -24%, the deformation of the second pass is 27% -28%, and the accumulated deformation is 46% -47%; the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1150 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of rough rolling is 950-1000 ℃; the finish rolling is divided into 4 passes of rolling, the first pass deformation is 17% -18%, the second pass deformation is 20% -21%, the third pass deformation is 20% -21%, the fourth pass deformation is 23% -25%, and the accumulated deformation is 60% -62%; the rolling temperature of finish rolling is 960-;
in the cooling process, the cooling speed is 10-18 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature is 200-500 ℃.
Example 2
The present embodiment is a ferrous material for an automobile, which contains the following chemical components by weight: c: 0.10%, Si: 1.2%, Mn: 2.8%, Cu: 0.8%, Nb: 0.06%, Ti: 0.02%, Al: 0.04%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The microstructure of the steel material for automobile after being processed is shown in fig. 1.
Example 3
The present embodiment is a ferrous material for an automobile, which contains the following chemical components by weight: c: 0.05%, Si: 1.0%, Mn: 3.0%, Cu: 0.5%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.08%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Example 4
The chemical components of the steel material for the automobile comprise the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.20%, Si: 1.5%, Mn: 2.5%, Cu: 1.0%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.01-0.02%, Al: 0.01-0.04%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. An automobile ferrous material is characterized in that the chemical components of the automobile ferrous material comprise the following components by weight: c: 0.05-0.20%, Si: 1.0-1.5%, Mn: 2.0-3.0%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.08%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. A method for preparing steel material for automobile, which is characterized in that the method comprises smelting, continuous casting, heating, rolling and cooling, wherein,
in the smelting process, a plurality of air blowing heads are uniformly arranged at the circular seam type air brick at the bottom of the steel ladle, and the air blowing heads are used for argon blowing operation;
in the continuous casting process, molten steel of a converter enters a continuous casting machine after being refined by a refining furnace, and the specific water amount of secondary cooling of the continuous casting machine is 0.8-1.0L/kg; electromagnetic stirring is adopted and is divided into three positions, namely electromagnetic stirring in a crystallizer, electromagnetic stirring in a second cooling section and electromagnetic stirring at a solidification tail end;
in the heating process, the continuous casting billet is placed into a heating furnace for heating, the heating temperature is 1150-;
during the rolling process, the accumulated deformation of rough rolling is 46-47%; the accumulated deformation of finish rolling is 60-62%;
in the cooling process, the cooling speed is 10-18 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature is 200-;
wherein the chemical components of the steel material for the automobile comprise the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.20%, Si: 1.0-1.5%, Mn: 2.0-3.0%, Cu: 0.5-1.0%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.08%, Ti: 0.01-0.04%, Al: 0.01-0.06%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The method for manufacturing ferrous materials for automobiles of claim 2, characterized in that the pressure of the argon blowing is 0.25-0.30MPa and the time is 6-10 min.
4. The method for manufacturing ferrous materials for automobiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the rough rolling is divided into 2 passes of rolling, the deformation of the first pass is 23% -24%, and the deformation of the second pass is 27% -28%.
5. The method for manufacturing ferrous materials for automobiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the finish rolling is divided into 4 passes of rolling, the first pass deformation is 17% -18%, the second pass deformation is 20% -21%, the third pass deformation is 20% -21%, and the fourth pass deformation is 23% -25%.
6. The method for manufacturing ferrous materials for automobiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1100-1150 ℃, and the final rolling temperature of rough rolling is 950-1000 ℃.
7. The method for manufacturing ferrous materials for automobiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the initial rolling temperature of the finish rolling is 960-.
8. The method for manufacturing ferrous materials for automobiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the chemical components of the steel material for the automobile comprise the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.05-0.10%, Si: 1.0-1.2%, Mn: 2.5-2.8%, Cu: 0.5-0.8%, Nb: 0.02 to 0.06%, Ti: 0.01-0.02%, Al: 0.01-0.04%, P: less than or equal to 0.020%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
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| CN202011454736.8A CN112593159A (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Automobile steel material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210402 |