CN112593092A - Secondary aluminum melt purification method and purification device based on pulse current and ultrasonic wave - Google Patents
Secondary aluminum melt purification method and purification device based on pulse current and ultrasonic wave Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves. The purification method comprises the steps of heating the waste aluminum to be completely melted, adding a covering agent on the surface of the waste aluminum melt, applying pulse current in the horizontal direction to the melt after the covering agent is completely dissolved, then applying ultrasonic waves to the bottom of the melt, and alternately applying the pulse current and ultrasonic vibration to the melt, wherein the time ratio of the pulse current to the ultrasonic wave is 2:1, the time of each period is 10-20 s, the total application time is 5-15 min, and the temperature of the melt is kept unchanged in the process. The purification device comprises a waste aluminum heating system, a pulse current system and an ultrasonic system. According to the invention, the aluminum alloy melt is treated by ultrasonic waves and pulse currents in an alternating mode, so that a good impurity removal effect can be obtained under a smaller pulse current intensity, and the pulse power supply discharges periodically, so that the discharge energy consumption can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy smelting purification, and particularly relates to a method and a device for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves.
Background
With the development of economy in the new century, the recycled aluminum industry becomes an indispensable important component of the world aluminum industry, is an indispensable resource for the sustainable development of the world aluminum industry, and is an industry with great market potential and development prospect. Compared with the original aluminum, the utilization of the secondary aluminum can save resources and energy, reduce environmental pollution and reduce production cost. However, during the regeneration process, as the recovered waste aluminum is polluted, such as oxidation, coating and moisture, doping of various elements and the like, various pollutants are involved in the aluminum melt and react with the aluminum melt to generate a large amount of solid and gas inclusions. These inclusions cause a series of problems such as shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity in the aluminum alloy material, crack initiation, and reduction in workability and mechanical properties of the material. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of secondary aluminum, it is very important to remove impurities in the melt when the scrap aluminum is smelted, which helps to maximize the potential of the aluminum material and improve the purity and continuity of the aluminum material.
In order to obtain a good purification effect for secondary aluminum smelting, researchers have made a series of studies. The method is used for removing iron, silicon and magnesium impurity elements in the regeneration of waste aluminum disclosed in Chinese patents CN 103740947B and CN 103740948A. Three fluxes with different components and effects are respectively invented, and are added into a melt by powder spraying or in a block mode during smelting, and then are subjected to air blowing refining. The impurity elements of iron, silicon and magnesium in the melt after treatment are obviously reduced. Chinese patent CN 111424186A discloses a high-efficiency composite refining agent for refining, impurity removing and modification refining of secondary aluminum melt. When the secondary aluminum is completely melted, adding the efficient composite refining agent for the secondary aluminum melt, adjusting the flow of refining gas, and carrying out impurity removal refining, wherein the result shows that the impurity removal refining effect of the flux is remarkable. It has been found that the current methods for purification of secondary aluminium are mainly by adding fluxes of various compositions and then by blowing refining. The flux method has the characteristics of simple use and low cost, and only needs to be directly added into the melt when the waste aluminum is melted. However, the flux method still has certain limitations: one is that both flux and scrap aluminum are relatively complex in composition. Therefore, during high-temperature smelting, the reaction of the flux in the melt is complex, and new and unwanted harmful substances are easily introducedAn element; secondly, the pertinence of the flux is strong, the effect of the flux is usually good for some impurity elements of certain alloy, but the components of the waste aluminum are complex and harmful elements are completely defined according to the final required aluminum alloy. Therefore, the use of the flux has limitation, and even though people invent a series of fluxes with comprehensive purification effects at present, the flux is difficult to achieve a good purification effect on the secondary aluminum all the time; thirdly, a large amount of flux slag is generated in the using process of the flux, which pollutes the environment. The treatment of the flux slag is a problem which is difficult to effectively solve at home and abroad; fourthly, most of the flux utilizes gas (SO) generated by chemical reaction2、CO2CO, etc.) to bring impurities out of the melt to the surface of the melt, and some gases are toxic gases or flammable and explosive gases, which have great harm to the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a method for purifying secondary aluminum, which not only has good comprehensive purification effect, but also is environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves; the main idea of the invention is that the pulse current and the ultrasonic wave are combined, the ultrasonic wave is applied to the regenerated aluminum melt under the action of the pulse electric field, the generated ultrasonic acoustic current accelerates the migration of impurities, and the method plays an important role in improving the impurity removal efficiency of the pulse current. In addition, the invention combines pulse current and ultrasonic wave, alternately processes the aluminum alloy melt, can fully exert the impurity removal and degassing effects of the two, forms advantage complementation and realizes the high-efficiency purification of the aluminum alloy melt.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises the following steps:
heating the waste aluminum to be completely melted, adding a covering agent on the surface of the waste aluminum melt, applying pulse current in the horizontal direction to the melt after the covering agent is completely dissolved, and then applying ultrasonic waves to the bottom of the melt; alternately applying pulse current and ultrasonic vibration to the melt, wherein the time ratio of the pulse current to the ultrasonic wave is 2:1, the time of each period is 10-20 s, the total time of application is 5-15 min, and the temperature of the melt is kept unchanged in the process;
the pulse current parameters are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 10-100Hz, and current density is 1.0 × 105-1.0×106A/m2The pulse width is 10-100 mus, and the voltage is 480-500V;
the ultrasonic power is 1000-5000W, and the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-50 kHz.
Preferably, the covering agent is a covering agent with the model number of C1, which is purchased from Palett (Shenzhen) high-temperature materials GmbH.
Preferably, the adding amount of the covering agent is 0.2-0.6% of the mass of the melt.
A purification device used in a secondary aluminum melt purification method based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises a waste aluminum heating system, a pulse current system and an ultrasonic wave system; the waste aluminum heating system comprises a heating furnace 2, a thermocouple 3 and a crucible 5, wherein the crucible 5 is arranged in the heating furnace 2, the crucible 5 is used for containing waste aluminum, and the thermocouple 3 is inserted into the crucible 5 and detects the temperature in the crucible;
the pulse current system comprises a pulse current generator 7 and an electrode 4 connected with the pulse current generator, the electrode 4 is inserted into the melt, and the pulse current generator 7 applies pulse current to the melt through the electrode 4;
the ultrasonic system comprises an ultrasonic generating device 11, and a transducer 10 and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 9 which are connected with the ultrasonic generating device in sequence; an ultrasonic horn 9 is connected to the bottom of the heating furnace 2 and extends into the crucible 5.
Preferably, a heating coil 6 is installed inside the heating furnace 2.
Preferably, the waste aluminum heating system further comprises a temperature control device 1, the temperature control device 1 is connected with the thermocouple 3 and the heating furnace 2, the temperature control device 1 can monitor the temperature in the heating furnace 2, and the melt temperature is controlled by controlling the current magnitude of the heating coil 6 in the heating furnace 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) under the action of pulse current, because the electromagnetic force on Al and solid impurity elements is different, the impurity particles are subjected to backward extrusion action and then migrate. However, the purification effect of the method on secondary aluminum smelting is still limited, and on one hand, the pulse current applied in the melt needs to reach a certain intensity, and the migration effect of the inclusions is obvious. However, the large pulse current means that the energy consumption is increased, and the large pulse current is easy to cause liquid disturbance, so that splashing and air entrainment are serious. On the other hand, the situation of secondary aluminum is complicated, and the secondary aluminum contains unnecessary metal elements (Fe) and oxides (Al) in smelting2O3MgO) and the like, and also contains a large amount of gas inclusions (H)2). The effect of the pulse current on degassing is not very obvious, and the purpose of degassing is difficult to achieve. The ultrasonic vibration is applied to the melt, and the method is an environment-friendly and relatively cheap metal melt processing and grain refining method. Ultrasound can induce cavitation effects and acoustic streaming effects in the melt. The cavitation effect is that a large amount of fine cavitation bubbles are generated in the melt, and because the adiabatic expansion of the cavitation bubbles generates a quenching effect on the molten aluminum around the cavitation bubbles, a large amount of nucleation is achieved, and the effect of grain refinement is generated. In the process, gas dissolved in the aluminum liquid can enter cavitation bubbles, and gas impurities in the melt are removed after floating and discharging. The acoustic streaming effect refers to convection inside the melt due to the acoustic pressure gradient when the ultrasonic waves propagate in the melt. The generated convection can promote the solid inclusions in the melt to be layered and aggregated, thereby accelerating the migration speed of the inclusions to the surface of the melt under the action of the current. According to the invention, the aluminum alloy melt is treated by ultrasonic waves and pulse currents in an alternating mode, so that a good impurity removal effect can be obtained under a smaller pulse current intensity, and the pulse power supply discharges periodically, so that the discharge energy consumption can be reduced;
(2) the ultrasonic wave applied to the bottom of the melt can enhance the migration effect of the pulse current on the inclusions and improve the impurity removal efficiency. On one hand, fine bubbles generated during cavitation bubble formation can carry inclusions to move towards the flux on the surface of the melt, and on the other hand, convection generated by the acoustic flow effect can promote solid inclusions to be layered and aggregated, so that the migration of the inclusions to the surface of the melt is accelerated;
(3) the method is characterized in that the pulsed current and the ultrasonic waves are applied to the melt, so that solid inclusions and gas inclusions in the aluminum melt can be removed simultaneously, wherein the pulsed current mainly removes the solid inclusions, and the ultrasonic waves mainly remove the gas inclusions. The combined purification effect of the two is remarkable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a purification device for a purification method of a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A purification device used in a secondary aluminum melt purification method based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises a waste aluminum heating system, a pulse current system and an ultrasonic wave system; the waste aluminum heating system comprises a heating furnace 2, a thermocouple 3 and a crucible 5, wherein the crucible 5 is arranged in the heating furnace 2, the crucible 5 is used for containing waste aluminum, and the thermocouple 3 is inserted into the crucible 5 and detects the temperature in the crucible;
the pulse current system comprises a pulse current generator 7 and an electrode 4 connected with the pulse current generator, the electrode 4 is inserted into the melt, and the pulse current generator 7 applies pulse current to the melt through the electrode 4;
the ultrasonic system comprises an ultrasonic generating device 11, and a transducer 10 and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer 9 which are connected with the ultrasonic generating device in sequence; an ultrasonic horn 9 is connected to the bottom of the heating furnace 2 and extends into the crucible 5.
Preferably, a heating coil 6 is installed inside the heating furnace 2.
Preferably, the waste aluminum heating system further comprises a temperature control device 1, the temperature control device 1 is connected with the thermocouple 3 and the heating furnace 2, the temperature control device 1 can monitor the temperature in the heating furnace 2, and the melt temperature is controlled by controlling the current magnitude of the heating coil 6 in the heating furnace 2.
The working process is as follows: the crucible 5 containing the waste aluminum is placed in the heating furnace 2, the heating coil 6 is installed inside the heating furnace 2, and the heating furnace 2 is heated by the heating coil 6. The temperature controller 1 outside the furnace can monitor the temperature inside the furnace and control the melt temperature by controlling the magnitude of the current of the heating coil 8. When the melt is heated to a designated temperature, a covering agent is added on the surface of the melt, a flux layer 8 is formed after the covering agent is melted, and then the pulse current generator 7 and the ultrasonic wave generating device 11 are sequentially opened to alternately apply pulse current and ultrasonic waves to the melt.
Example 1
A method for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the waste aluminum into a crucible in a heating furnace, heating until the waste aluminum is completely melted to obtain a melt, and then, preserving the temperature to 720 ℃;
(2) spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum scrap melt, wherein the spraying amount is 0.2 percent of the mass of the melt, and standing for 2min after the spraying is finished;
(3) when the covering agent is completely dissolved and completely covers the surface of the melt, starting a high-voltage pulse power supply, and applying pulse current to the melt through an electrode, wherein the parameters of the pulse current are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 10Hz, and current density is 1 multiplied by 105A/m2The pulse width is 10 mus, and the voltage is 480V;
(4) when the time of applying pulse current to the melt reaches 10s, a high-voltage pulse power supply is closed, an ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic waves are applied to the melt, and the ultrasonic wave parameters are as follows: power 2000W, vibration frequency 20 kHz;
(5) and when the ultrasonic time applied to the melt reaches 5s, the ultrasonic generator is closed, then the high-voltage pulse power supply is started, and the pulse current is continuously applied to the melt. And alternately applying pulse current and ultrasonic waves to the melt according to the parameters, wherein the total time is 5 min.
The results of the tests on the cleaning parameters before the treatment, when the pulse current was applied for 10 seconds in the first cycle, and after the pulse current and the ultrasonic wave were alternately applied for a total time of 5min are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 table of purification effect of example 1
| Processing method | Gas content ml/kg | The degassing rate% | Containing miscellaneous weight percent | The impurity removal rate% |
| Untreated | 2.36 | 2.13 | ||
| Pulse current | 1.63 | 30.9 | 0.72 | 66.2 |
| Pulse current + ultrasound | 0.65 | 72.5 | 0.27 | 87.3 |
Example 2
A method for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the waste aluminum into a crucible in a heating furnace, heating until the waste aluminum is completely melted to obtain a melt, and then, preserving the temperature to 730 ℃;
(2) spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum scrap melt, wherein the spraying amount is 0.4 percent of the mass of the melt, and standing for 2min after the spraying is finished;
(3) when the covering agent is completely dissolved and completely covers the surface of the melt, starting a high-voltage pulse power supply, and applying pulse current to the melt through an electrode, wherein the parameters of the pulse current are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 40Hz, and current density is 5 multiplied by 105A/m2The pulse width is 10 mus, and the voltage is 480V;
(4) when the time for applying pulse current to the melt reaches 12s, a high-voltage pulse power supply is closed, an ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic waves are applied to the melt, and the ultrasonic wave parameters are as follows: power 3000W, vibration frequency 35 kHz;
(5) and when the ultrasonic time applied to the melt reaches 6s, the ultrasonic generator is closed, then the high-voltage pulse power supply is started, and the pulse current is continuously applied to the melt. The pulsed current and the ultrasonic waves were alternately applied to the melt according to the above parameters for a total time of 9 min.
The results of the tests on the cleaning parameters before the treatment, when the pulse current was applied for 12 seconds in the first cycle, and when the pulse current and the ultrasonic wave were alternately applied for a total time of 9min are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 table of purification effect of example 2
| Processing method | Gas content ml/kg | The degassing rate% | Containing miscellaneous weight percent | The impurity removal rate% |
| Untreated | 2.27 | 2.17 | ||
| Pulse current | 1.43 | 37.0 | 0.63 | 70.9 |
| Pulse current + ultrasound | 0.45 | 80.1 | 0.21 | 90.3 |
Example 3
A method for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the waste aluminum into a crucible in a heating furnace, heating until the waste aluminum is completely melted to obtain a melt, and then, preserving the temperature to 750 ℃;
(2) spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum scrap melt, wherein the spraying amount is 0.6 percent of the mass of the melt, and standing for 2min after the spraying is finished;
(3) when the covering agent is completely dissolved and completely covers the surface of the melt, starting a high-voltage pulse power supply, and applying pulse current to the melt through an electrode, wherein the parameters of the pulse current are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 80Hz, and current density is 1 multiplied by 106A/m2The pulse width is 100 mus, and the voltage is 480V;
(4) when the time of applying pulse current to the melt reaches 8s, a high-voltage pulse power supply is closed, an ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic waves are applied to the melt, and the ultrasonic wave parameters are as follows: the power is 4000W, and the vibration frequency is 50 kHz;
(5) and when the ultrasonic time applied to the melt reaches 4s, the ultrasonic generator is closed, then the high-voltage pulse power supply is started, and the pulse current is continuously applied to the melt. The pulsed current and the ultrasonic waves were alternately applied to the melt according to the above parameters for a total time of 12 min.
The results of the tests on the cleaning parameters before the treatment, when the pulse current was applied for 8 seconds in the first cycle, and after the pulse current and the ultrasonic wave were alternately applied for a total time of 12min are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 list of purification effects of example 3
| Processing method | Gas content ml/kg | The degassing rate% | Containing miscellaneous weight percent | The impurity removal rate% |
| Untreated | 2.33 | 2.20 | ||
| Pulse current | 1.58 | 32.2 | 0.71 | 67.7 |
| Pulse current + ultrasound | 0.56 | 76.0 | 0.26 | 88.2 |
Example 4
A method for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the waste aluminum into a crucible in a heating furnace, heating until the waste aluminum is completely melted to obtain a melt, and then, preserving the temperature to 760 ℃;
(2) spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum scrap melt, wherein the spraying amount is 0.6 percent of the mass of the melt, and standing for 2min after the spraying is finished;
(3) when the covering agent is completely dissolved and completely covers the surface of the melt, starting a high-voltage pulse power supply, and applying pulse current to the melt through an electrode, wherein the parameters of the pulse current are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 80Hz, and current density is 1 multiplied by 106A/m2The pulse width is 100 mus, and the voltage is 500V;
(4) when the time of applying pulse current to the melt reaches 8s, a high-voltage pulse power supply is closed, an ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic waves are applied to the melt, and the ultrasonic wave parameters are as follows: the power is 4000W, and the vibration frequency is 50 kHz;
(5) and when the ultrasonic time applied to the melt reaches 4s, the ultrasonic generator is closed, then the high-voltage pulse power supply is started, and the pulse current is continuously applied to the melt. The pulsed current and the ultrasonic waves were alternately applied to the melt according to the above parameters for a total time of 12 min.
The results of the tests on the cleaning parameters before the treatment, when the pulse current was applied for 8 seconds in the first cycle, and after the pulse current and the ultrasonic wave were alternately applied for a total time of 12min are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 table of purification effect of example 4
| Processing method | Gas content ml/kg | The degassing rate% | Containing miscellaneous weight percent | The impurity removal rate% |
| Untreated | 2.35 | 2.23 | ||
| Pulse current | 1.58 | 32.8 | 0.71 | 68.2 |
| Pulse current + ultrasound | 0.54 | 77.0 | 0.24 | 89.2 |
Comparative example 1
A method for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the waste aluminum into a crucible in a heating furnace, heating until the waste aluminum is completely melted to obtain a melt, and then, preserving the temperature to 760 ℃;
(2) spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum scrap melt, wherein the spraying amount is 0.6 percent of the mass of the melt, and standing for 2min after the spraying is finished;
(3) when the covering agent is completely dissolved and completely covers the surface of the melt, starting a high-voltage pulse power supply, and applying pulse current to the melt through an electrode, wherein the parameters of the pulse current are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 80Hz, and current density is 1 multiplied by 106A/m2The pulse width is 100 mus, and the voltage is 490V;
(4) when the time of applying pulse current to the melt reaches 8s, a high-voltage pulse power supply is closed, an ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic waves are applied to the melt, and the ultrasonic wave parameters are as follows: the power is 4000W, and the vibration frequency is 50 kHz;
(5) and when the ultrasonic time applied to the melt reaches 4s, the ultrasonic generator is closed, then the high-voltage pulse power supply is started, and the pulse current is continuously applied to the melt. The pulsed current and the ultrasonic waves were alternately applied to the melt according to the above parameters for a total time of 12 min.
The results of the tests on the cleaning parameters before the treatment, when the pulse current was applied for 8 seconds in the first cycle, and after the pulse current and the ultrasonic wave were alternately applied for a total time of 12min are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 summary of the purifying effect of comparative example 1
| Processing method | Gas content ml/kg | The degassing rate% | Containing miscellaneous weight percent | The impurity removal rate% |
| Untreated | 2.35 | 2.23 | ||
| Pulse current | 1.58 | 32.8 | 0.71 | 68.2 |
| Pulse current + ultrasound | 0.70 | 70 | 0.56 | 75 |
Comparative example 2
A method for purifying a secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the waste aluminum into a crucible in a heating furnace, heating until the waste aluminum is completely melted to obtain a melt, and then, preserving the temperature to 760 ℃;
(2) spraying a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum scrap melt, wherein the spraying amount is 0.6 percent of the mass of the melt, and standing for 2min after the spraying is finished;
(3) when the covering agent is completely dissolved and completely covers the surface of the melt, starting a high-voltage pulse power supply, and applying pulse current to the melt through an electrode, wherein the parameters of the pulse current are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 80Hz, and current density is 1 multiplied by 106A/m2Pulse width 100 mus, voltage 505V;
(4) when the time of applying pulse current to the melt reaches 8s, a high-voltage pulse power supply is closed, an ultrasonic generator is started, ultrasonic waves are applied to the melt, and the ultrasonic wave parameters are as follows: the power is 4000W, and the vibration frequency is 50 kHz;
(5) and when the ultrasonic time applied to the melt reaches 4s, the ultrasonic generator is closed, then the high-voltage pulse power supply is started, and the pulse current is continuously applied to the melt. The pulsed current and the ultrasonic waves were alternately applied to the melt according to the above parameters for a total time of 12 min.
The results of the tests on the cleaning parameters before the treatment, when the pulse current was applied for 8 seconds in the first cycle, and after the pulse current and the ultrasonic wave were alternately applied for a total time of 12min are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 summary of the purifying effect of comparative example 1
| Processing method | Gas content ml/kg | The degassing rate% | Containing miscellaneous weight percent | The impurity removal rate% |
| Untreated | 2.35 | 2.23 | ||
| Pulse current | 1.58 | 32.8 | 0.71 | 68.2 |
| Pulse current + ultrasound | 0.68 | 71 | 0.51 | 77 |
As can be seen from examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2, the selection of the voltage in the parameters of the pulse current directly determines the final purification effect, and the voltage selected in the range of 480 to 500V can obtain a better purification effect.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for purifying the secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
heating the waste aluminum to be completely melted, adding a covering agent on the surface of the waste aluminum melt, applying pulse current in the horizontal direction to the melt after the covering agent is completely dissolved, then applying ultrasonic waves to the bottom of the melt, alternately applying pulse current and ultrasonic vibration to the melt, wherein the time ratio of the pulse current to the ultrasonic waves is 2:1, the time of each period is 10-20 s, the total application time is 5-15 min, and the temperature of the melt is kept unchanged in the process;
the pulse current parameters are as follows: the waveform is square wave, frequency is 10-100Hz, and current density is 1.0 × 105-1.0×106A/m2The pulse width is 10-100 mus, and the voltage is 480-500V;
the ultrasonic power is 1000-5000W, and the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-50 kHz.
2. A method for purifying a recycled aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the covering agent is 0.2-0.6% of the mass of the waste aluminum melt.
3. The purification device for the purification method of the recycled aluminum melt based on the pulse current and the ultrasonic waves as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, which is characterized by comprising a waste aluminum heating system, a pulse current system and an ultrasonic wave system; the waste aluminum heating system comprises a heating furnace (2), a thermocouple (3) and a crucible (5), wherein the crucible (5) is installed in the heating furnace (2), the crucible (5) is used for containing waste aluminum, and the thermocouple (3) is inserted into the crucible (5) and detects the temperature in the crucible;
the pulse current system comprises a pulse current generator (7) and an electrode (4) connected with the pulse current generator, the electrode (4) is inserted into the melt, and the pulse current generator (7) applies pulse-resistant current to the melt through the electrode (4);
the ultrasonic system comprises an ultrasonic generating device (11), and a transducer (10) and an ultrasonic amplitude transformer (9) which are sequentially connected with the ultrasonic generating device; an ultrasonic amplitude transformer (9) is connected with the bottom of the heating furnace (2) and extends into the crucible (5).
4. Purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that the heating coil (6) is mounted inside the furnace (2).
5. The purification apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the scrap aluminum heating system further comprises a temperature control apparatus (1), the temperature control apparatus (1) being connected to the thermocouple (3) and the heating furnace (2), the temperature control apparatus (1) being capable of monitoring the temperature inside the heating furnace (2) and controlling the melt temperature by controlling the magnitude of current of the heating coil (6) in the heating furnace (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011397702.XA CN112593092B (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Method for purifying secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic wave |
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| CN202011397702.XA CN112593092B (en) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Method for purifying secondary aluminum melt based on pulse current and ultrasonic wave |
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| CN112593092A true CN112593092A (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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| CN113755891A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-12-07 | 北京科技大学 | Method and device for realizing metal melt purification by using pulse current density gradient |
| CN114959285A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-08-30 | 武汉理工大学 | High-purity aluminum purification equipment with silicon carbide coating and purification method |
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