CN112593050B

CN112593050B - Quenching device and method for internal spline

Info

Publication number: CN112593050B
Application number: CN202011445780.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱前远; 任光华; 李祥龙
Original assignee: Chongqing Xingji Gear Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Xingji Gear Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-12-08
Filing date: 2020-12-08
Publication date: 2022-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-08
Also published as: CN112593050A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of quenching, in particular to a quenching device for an internal spline. The device comprises an outer barrel, wherein two inner cavities are arranged in the outer barrel, openings respectively communicated with the two inner cavities are formed in the two ends of the outer barrel, and end covers for sealing the openings are arranged on the outer barrel; be equipped with the heating unit in the inner chamber, the heating unit includes high frequency coil and piston, and high frequency coil fixes at the inner chamber lateral wall, and piston and inner chamber lateral wall sliding seal, and be equipped with the piston rod that runs through the inner chamber lateral wall between two pistons, the piston rod both ends are fixed with two pistons respectively, and the inner chamber lateral wall is equipped with the inlet that communicates with the inner chamber. The quenching device for the internal spline can be used for machining parts with larger internal splines again, so that the size of the internal spline meets the requirement.

Description

Quenching device and method for internal spline

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of quenching, in particular to a quenching device and method for an internal spline.

Background

In order to facilitate connection with other parts, an inner hole or an inner spline is usually required to be machined on a part, after part of the part is quenched, the inner hole or the inner spline can expand, so that the size of the inner hole or the inner spline is larger than a designed size, and the size requirement of the part cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a quenching device and a quenching method for an internal spline, which are used for machining parts with larger internal splines again to meet the size composite requirement of the internal splines.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a quenching device for an internal spline comprises an outer barrel, wherein two inner cavities are arranged in the outer barrel, openings respectively communicated with the two inner cavities are formed in the two ends of the outer barrel, and end covers for sealing the openings are arranged on the outer barrel; be equipped with the heating unit in the inner chamber, the heating unit includes high frequency coil and piston, and high frequency coil fixes at the cavity lateral wall, and piston and cavity lateral wall sliding seal, and be equipped with the piston rod that runs through the cavity lateral wall between two pistons, the piston rod both ends are fixed with two pistons respectively, and the cavity lateral wall is equipped with the inlet that communicates with the inner chamber.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does:

1. high frequency coil in this scheme can heat the part, then lets in the cooling water to the inner chamber and can quench the part, during the quenching, the surface of part produces hot pressing stress, can extrude the inner wall of hole or internal spline to the central part, make hole or internal spline shrink, realize the purpose of shrinkage cavity, can make hole or internal spline that the size is bigger than normal reduce to the qualification size at last, so can be with because of hole or internal spline off-the-shelf defective part processing into the qualification product, effectively improve the qualification rate.

2. The piston in this scheme can slide in the cavity, can avoid a large amount of cooling water and high frequency coil contact when cooling the part, leads to high frequency coil to damage.

Further, the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with an air inlet channel communicated with the inner cavity.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: when the piston slides, the outside air can enter the inner cavity to cool the high-frequency coil, so that the high-frequency coil is prevented from being damaged.

Furthermore, the side wall of the inner cavity is provided with an annular limiting groove, and the high-frequency coil is positioned in the limiting groove.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the high-frequency coil is arranged in the limiting groove, so that the sliding of the piston can be prevented from being blocked; on the other hand, when mounted, it is also convenient to determine the mounting position of the high-frequency coil.

Further, the air inlet channel is communicated with the limiting groove.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the gas entering from the gas inlet channel directly contacts with the high-frequency coil, so that the cooling effect of the high-frequency coil is better.

Furthermore, the cover body is rotatably connected with a limiting rod, and a plurality of limiting blocks matched with the internal spline are arranged on the limiting rod along the circumferential direction.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the limiting rod can play a limiting role on the part, and the part can be prevented from colliding with the side wall of the inner cavity when the outer cylinder rotates, so that the part is damaged.

Furthermore, an accommodating groove is formed in the end cover, an axial flow type blade is rotationally connected in the accommodating groove, the axial flow type blade is coaxial with the limiting rod, and the axial flow type blade is fixed with the limiting rod; the end cover is provided with a connecting channel for communicating the accommodating groove with the air inlet channel, and the opening of the accommodating groove and the end part of the connecting channel are respectively positioned at two sides of the axial flow type blade.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: external gas enters the gas inlet channel through the containing groove, and the gas can drive the axial flow type blades to rotate when passing through the axial flow type blades, so that the limiting rod rotates, the limiting rod is made to rotate to a position where the limiting block is over against the spline groove, and the limiting effect on parts is improved.

The quenching method of the quenching device for the internal spline comprises the following steps:

step 1, placing a part on a piston on the upper side, and then covering an end cover on an outer cylinder;

step 2, opening the high-frequency coil after the upper piston is lower than the high-frequency coil, pushing the upper piston downwards to the bottom of the upper inner cavity, then pushing the piston upwards, heating the part to 550-750 ℃, and then closing the high-frequency coil;

step 3, after the piston presses the part on the end cover on the upper side, the outer cylinder is rotated by 180 degrees, and then cooling water is introduced into an inner cavity where the part is located from the liquid inlet;

and 4, rotating the outer cylinder by 180 degrees, discharging the cooling water in the inner cavity on the upper side, and taking out the part.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: heating and cooling in this scheme all go on in the inner chamber, can avoid frequently moving the part, lead to machining efficiency to reduce.

Further, after cooling water is introduced into the inner cavity on the lower side in the step 3, the step 1 is repeated, and the next part is placed into the other inner cavity; then opening the end cover on the lower side, discharging the cooling water in the inner cavity on the lower side, starting the high-frequency coil on the upper side after the piston in the inner cavity on the upper side is lower than the high-frequency coil, heating the surface of the next part to 550-750 ℃, closing the high-frequency coil, then covering the end cover on the lower side, and adding the cooling water into the cavity on the lower side again.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the cooling of the previous part and the putting in and heating of the next part can be performed simultaneously, and the processing efficiency of the parts can be improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front vertical sectional view of a quenching apparatus in embodiment 1 of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the outer cylinder of FIG. 1 after being rotated 180 degrees;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the opened state of the lower end cap in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the cooling device comprises an outer cylinder 1, a rotating shaft 11, a high-frequency coil 12, a cooling cavity 13, a heating cavity 14, an air inlet channel 15, a hydraulic cylinder 2, an end cover 3, a fixing block 31, a connecting channel 32, a flow guide channel 33, a positioning block 34, a partition plate 4, a piston rod 41, a piston 42, a positioning column 43, an accommodating groove 5, an axial flow type blade 51, a cover body 52, a through hole 53, a limiting rod 6, a stop block 61 and a part 7.

Example 1

The utility model provides a guenching unit of internal spline, as shown in figure 1, including urceolus 1 and frame, transversely be equipped with baffle 4 in the urceolus 1, baffle 4 is upper and lower two inner chambers with the space separation in the urceolus 1, and the top and the bottom of urceolus 1 all are equipped with the opening that communicates with two inner chambers respectively, the lateral wall that 4 one end of baffle was kept away from to two inner chambers all is equipped with the inlet, the central line of inlet and the contained angle between the 1 lateral wall of urceolus are less than 90, still glue on the urceolus 1 and have two feed liquor pipes, and two feed liquor pipes communicate with two inlets respectively. The equal transverse welding of lateral wall has pivot 11 about urceolus 1, and the frame is all run through to the one end that urceolus 1 was kept away from to pivot 11, and is equipped with the bearing between pivot 11 and the frame, and the installation of bearing is the same with prior art, no longer gives details in this embodiment. A forward and reverse rotation motor is further fixed on the rack through bolts, and an output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor is connected with the rotating shaft 11 on the right side through a coupler and used for driving the outer barrel 1 to rotate.

Heating units are arranged in the two inner cavities, the two heating units are symmetrical along the partition plate 4, and the structure of the heating units is described by taking the heating unit on the upper side as an example in the embodiment. The heating unit comprises a high-frequency coil 12 and a piston 42, the high-frequency coil 12 is located at the lower end of the inner cavity, an annular limiting groove is formed in the inner wall of the inner cavity, and the high-frequency coil 12 is located in the limiting groove.

The side wall of the piston 42 is abutted against the side wall of the inner cavity, the piston 42 can slide relative to the outer cylinder 1, the inner cavity on the upper side is divided into a cooling cavity 13 close to the partition plate 4 and a heating cavity 14 far away from the partition plate 4 by the piston 42, the top of the piston 42 is welded with a positioning column 43, and the positioning column 43 is coaxial with the piston 42. A piston rod 41 is arranged between the pistons 42 of the two heating units, the piston rod 41 penetrates through the partition plate 4 and is in sliding seal with the partition plate 4, two ends of the piston rod 41 are respectively welded on the two pistons 42, and the piston rod 41 enables the piston 42 in the other inner cavity to be located on one side, away from the partition plate 4, of the high-frequency coil 12 in the other inner cavity when the positioning column 43 abuts against the limiting rod 6 on the side.

Both ends all are equipped with end cover 3 about urceolus 1, and this embodiment still uses the end cover 3 of upside to describe as the example, and both ends all weld fixed block 31 about end cover 3, and urceolus 1 lateral wall is fixed with the impeller to fixed block 31, and specifically, the impeller of this embodiment chooses pneumatic cylinder 2 for use, and the push rod of pneumatic cylinder 2 passes through bolt and fixed block 31 fixed connection. The inner chamber lateral wall has a plurality of inlet channel 15 along circumference evenly distributed, and inlet channel 15's upper end is located the tip of urceolus 1, and the lower extreme communicates with the spacing groove, and the bottom welding of end cover 3 has a plurality of locating pieces 34 with inlet channel 15 one-to-one, and locating piece 34 is cylindric and is located inlet channel 15, and locating piece 34 and inlet channel 15 slide seal, is equipped with the water conservancy diversion passageway 33 with inlet channel 15 intercommunication in the locating piece 34.

The end cover 3 is internally provided with an accommodating groove 5 with an upward opening, the upper end cover 3 of the accommodating groove 5 is combined with a cover body 52 for sealing the opening of the accommodating groove 5, and the cover body 52 is provided with a through hole 53 communicated with the accommodating groove 5. The end cover 3 is also provided with a connecting channel 32 which is used for communicating the flow guide channel 33 with the bottom of the accommodating groove 5. End cover 3 bottom is equipped with

gag lever post

6, and 6 upper ends of gag lever post run through holding tank 5 bottom, and 6 top welds of gag lever post have dog 61 for prevent that 6 upper ends of gag lever post from accommodating the inslot roll-off 5. Have a plurality of stoppers along circumferential welding on the gag lever post 6, when fixing a position part 7 that is equipped with the internal spline, stopper and internal spline cooperation can prevent to be equipped with part 7 rotation of internal spline.

Be equipped with axial-flow type blade 51 in the holding tank 5, and axial-flow type blade 51 is located between lid 52 and interface channel 32, and axial-flow type blade 51 coaxial welding has the lug, and the lug lower extreme welds the upper end at gag lever post 6, and lug, gag lever post 6, piston 42, piston rod 41 and urceolus 1 in this embodiment are all coaxial setting.

Meanwhile, the embodiment also provides a quenching method of the quenching device based on the internal spline, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, a first part 7 is placed on a piston 42 on the upper side, a positioning column 43 penetrates through an inner hole or an inner spline on the part 7, then an end cover 3 is covered on an outer cylinder 1, and at the moment, the end cover 3 enters an inner cavity on the upper side;

step 2, after the upper piston 42 is lower than the high-frequency coil 12, the high-frequency coil 12 is started, after the upper piston 42 slides downwards to the bottom of the upper inner cavity, the piston 42 is pushed upwards, and simultaneously, the high-frequency coil 12 is closed after the surface of the first part 7 is heated to 550-750 ℃;

step 3, after the piston 42 at the upper side presses the part 7 on the end cover 3 at the upper side, the outer cylinder 1 is rotated by 180 degrees, and then cooling water is introduced into the inner cavity at the lower side from the liquid inlet; simultaneously repeating the step 1, putting the second part 7 on the piston 42 at the upper side and covering the end cover 3; after the upper piston 42 presses the part 7 on the upper end cover 3, the lower end cover 3 is opened, the cooling water in the inner cavity of the lower side is discharged, the upper high-frequency coil 12 is started after the upper piston 42 is lower than the upper high-frequency coil 12, and the high-frequency coil 12 is closed after the surface of the next part 7 is heated to 550-750 ℃; then the lower end cover 3 is closed, and cooling water is added into the lower cavity again.

And 4, rotating the outer cylinder 1 by 180 degrees, discharging the cooling water in the inner cavity at the upper side, and taking out the part 7.

The specific operations of examples 1 to 3 are as follows:

when the first part 7 is heated, when the operation of the step 1 is carried out, the hydraulic cylinder 2 on the upper side is manually started, the end cover 3 on the upper side is upwards slid, the opening at the upper end of the outer cylinder 1 is opened, then the piston 42 is downwards pushed to the bottom of the inner cavity on the upper side, the part 7 is put in, and finally the end cover 3 is covered by the hydraulic cylinder 2.

Referring to fig. 2, in step 2, gas is introduced into the inner cavity of the lower side through the liquid inlet pipe to push the piston 42 upward, when the component 7 is opposite to the high-frequency coil 12, the temperature of the outer surface of the component 7 is rapidly increased under the action of the high-frequency coil 12, and when the temperature of all the outer surfaces of the component 7, which can be opposite to the high-frequency coil 12, is higher than 550 to 750 ℃, the high-frequency coil 12 is closed. In practical implementation, the heating effect of the component 7 can be controlled by installing a temperature sensor on the piston 42 or measuring the time that the component 7 passes through the high-frequency coil 12 and then controlling the power of the high-frequency coil 12.

When the outer cylinder 1 needs to be rotated in the step 3, the forward and reverse rotating motor is started firstly, the outer cylinder 1 is rotated by 180 degrees, then the inner cavity where the first part 7 is located is rotated to the lower end of the outer cylinder 1 as shown in the figure 1, and at the moment, cooling water is introduced into the inner cavity on the lower side to enable the cooling water to be in contact with the high-temperature first part 7, so that the first part 7 is quenched. Referring to fig. 2, when the cooling water enters the lower cavity, the pressure in the lower cavity is increased, so that the piston 42 slides upward, the distance between the piston 42 and the upper end of the outer cylinder 1 is reduced, and the second component 7 is conveniently placed in the upper cavity.

When the upper piston 42 presses the component 7 against the upper end cap 3, the lower piston 42 is still positioned below the lower high-frequency coil 12 under the action of the piston rod 41, so that the high-frequency coil 12 is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that a large amount of cooling water contacts the high-frequency coil 12. Referring to fig. 3, after the lower end cap 3 is opened downwards, the cooling water in the lower inner cavity is discharged, the upper piston 42 gradually slides downwards, after the upper piston 42 is lower than the upper high-frequency coil 12, the upper high-frequency coil 12 heats the second part 7, and when the cooling water is introduced into the lower inner cavity again, the second part 7 passes through the upper high-frequency coil 12 again, so that the part 7 is heated for a second time, and the part 7 can be heated to 550-750 ℃.

And 4, reversely rotating the outer barrel 1 by 180 degrees, introducing cooling water into the inner cavity at the lower side as shown in a figure 2, enabling the piston 42 to slide upwards at the moment, discharging the cooling water from the liquid inlet pipe communicated with the inner cavity at the upper side, and finally opening the end cover 3 at the upper side to take out the part 7 from the inner cavity at the upper side and put in a third part 7. After the upper piston 42 presses the third component 7 against the upper end cap 3, the supply of cooling water into the lower interior space is stopped, the lower end cap 3 is opened, and the cooling water in the lower interior space is discharged, while the third component 7 can be heated by the upper high-frequency coil 12. The above steps are repeated, and other parts 7 are continuously quenched.

When piston 42 slides to the side of keeping away from baffle 4, the space increase between piston 42 and the baffle 4, pressure reduces, external gas can be followed and held groove 5 in connecting channel 32, diversion channel 33 and inlet channel 15 are inhaled cooling chamber 13, form decurrent air current this moment in holding tank 5, when gag lever post 6 does not contact with part 7, the resistance that gag lever post 6 rotated and received reduces, the air current makes axial-flow type blade 51 rotate when making axial-flow type blade 51, thereby drive gag lever post 6 and rotate, when gag lever post 6 is opposite with the internal spline, can make the groove fit of stopper and internal spline, thereby spacing is carried out to the internal spline. And the outside gas can cool down the high-frequency coil 12 after passing through the high-frequency coil 12, so that the high-frequency coil 12 is prevented from being damaged due to overheating.

The above description is only an example of the present invention, and the general knowledge of the known specific technical solutions and/or characteristics and the like in the solutions is not described herein too much. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A quenching method of a quenching device of an internal spline is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 3, rotating the outer cylinder by 180 degrees after the piston presses the part on the end cover on the upper side, and then introducing cooling water into an inner cavity where the part is located from the liquid inlet;

step 4, after rotating the outer cylinder by 180 degrees, discharging cooling water in the inner cavity at the upper side, and taking out the part;

the quenching device for the internal spline comprises an outer barrel, wherein two inner cavities are arranged in the outer barrel, openings respectively communicated with the two inner cavities are formed in the two ends of the outer barrel, and end covers for sealing the openings are arranged on the outer barrel; be equipped with the heating unit in the inner chamber, the heating unit includes high frequency coil and piston, high frequency coil fixes at the inner chamber lateral wall, piston and inner chamber lateral wall sliding seal, and be equipped with the piston rod that runs through the inner chamber lateral wall between two pistons, the piston rod both ends are fixed with two pistons respectively, and the piston rod runs through the baffle and with baffle sliding seal, when the piston of upside presses the part on the end cover of upside, under the effect of piston rod, the piston of downside still is located the below of the high frequency coil of downside, the inner chamber lateral wall is equipped with the inlet with the inner chamber intercommunication.

2. The quenching method of the quenching device for the internal spline according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the inner cylinder is provided with an air inlet channel communicated with the inner cavity.

3. The quenching method of the quenching device for the internal spline according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner cavity side wall is provided with an annular limiting groove, and the high-frequency coil is located in the limiting groove.

4. The quenching method of the quenching device for the internal spline according to claim 3, characterized in that: the air inlet channel is communicated with the limiting groove.

5. The quenching method of the quenching device for the internal spline according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lid is gone up to rotate and is connected with the gag lever post, be equipped with a plurality ofly along circumference on the gag lever post and internal spline complex stopper.

6. The quenching method of the quenching device for the internal spline according to claim 5, characterized in that: an accommodating groove is formed in the end cover, an axial flow type blade is rotationally connected in the accommodating groove and is coaxial with the limiting rod, and the axial flow type blade is fixed with the limiting rod; the end cover is provided with a connecting channel for communicating the accommodating groove with the air inlet channel, and the opening of the accommodating groove and the end part of the connecting channel are respectively positioned at two sides of the axial flow type blade.

7. The method for quenching device of an internal spline according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: step 3, after cooling water is introduced into the inner cavity at the lower side, the step 1 is repeated, and the next part is placed into the other inner cavity; then opening the end cover at the lower side, discharging the cooling water in the inner cavity at the lower side, starting the high-frequency coil at the upper side after the piston in the inner cavity at the upper side is lower than the high-frequency coil, heating the surface of the next part to 550-750 ℃, closing the high-frequency coil, then covering the end cover at the lower side, and adding the cooling water into the cavity at the lower side again.