CN112592720A - Method for preparing composite curing agent by taking fly ash as raw material and application of composite curing agent in repairing mining area soil - Google Patents

Method for preparing composite curing agent by taking fly ash as raw material and application of composite curing agent in repairing mining area soil Download PDF

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CN112592720A
CN112592720A CN202011480882.8A CN202011480882A CN112592720A CN 112592720 A CN112592720 A CN 112592720A CN 202011480882 A CN202011480882 A CN 202011480882A CN 112592720 A CN112592720 A CN 112592720A
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soil
curing agent
mining area
heavy metals
zeolite molecular
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张一昕
王如梦
武建军
郭旸
陈莉晴
贾文科
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • C09K17/08Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09CRECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C2101/00In situ

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a composite curing agent for restoring heavy metals in mining area soil by taking fly ash as a raw material, which comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing different types of zeolite molecular sieves by taking fly ash as a raw material; step 2, determining occurrence states of heavy metals in the soil of the mining area to be repaired; step 3, determining the repairing effect of the zeolite molecular sieves of different types prepared in the step 1 on the heavy metals in the mining area soil to be repaired; and 4, compounding different types of zeolite molecular sieves according to the repairing effect obtained in the step 3 to obtain the compound curing agent. The invention realizes the harmless and resource utilization of the fly ash and reduces the land occupation of the fly ash landfill while solving the ecological problem caused by heavy metal in the soil of the mining area.

Description

Method for preparing composite curing agent by taking fly ash as raw material and application of composite curing agent in repairing mining area soil
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal pollution remediation, in particular to a method for preparing a composite curing agent by taking fly ash as a raw material and application of the composite curing agent in remediation of mining area soil.
Background
With the development of national economy, the industry is highly developed, the demand for mineral resources is increased, and the heavy metal pollution of the soil around a mining area is serious. Heavy metal is a persistent potential toxic pollutant, and the continuous mining of mines and the random stacking of slag are performed by human activities, so that the soil around a mining area causes heavy metal pollution. Heavy metals are difficult to biodegrade after entering the soil, and long-term accumulation can cause the reduction of the biological activity of the soil, so that the function of a soil ecosystem is weakened or even lost, the bearing capacity of the soil is reduced, and the activity of animals and plants on the earth surface is influenced. Moreover, the heavy metals in the soil have the characteristics of food chain transmission, biological enrichment and biological amplification, and the process is a long-term and slow accumulation process. Therefore, many scholars have also made a lot of research work on the problem of remediation of heavy metals in mine soils. The solidification/stabilization technology has the advantages of low cost, short restoration time, capability of treating various complex heavy metal pollutions, easiness in operation and the like, so that the solidification/stabilization technology becomes a mature, economic and effective restoration and treatment technology for the heavy metal polluted soil.
The fly ash appears in waste discharged by a thermal power plant, is one of byproducts of coal-fired power generation, and along with the increasing quantity of the fly ash, the stacking site thereof can cause great threat to human living space, and the reasonable resource application thereof is an effective method for solving the pollution. The fly ash contains a large amount of silicon and aluminum substances, is similar to zeolite in composition, and is a technology with economic and environmental benefits for repairing polluted soil in mining areas by using the fly ash as a raw material to prepare zeolite molecular sieves of different types as curing agents. However, the curing agent obtained by the current research generally has low passivation stability and single action effect, and cannot achieve a good curing effect on the soil to be repaired in different areas, so that the utilization rate of the curing agent is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a composite curing agent by taking fly ash as a raw material and application of the composite curing agent in repairing mining area soil, so as to solve the ecological problem caused by heavy metals in the mining area soil and realize harmless and resource utilization of the fly ash.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for preparing a composite curing agent for repairing heavy metals in mining area soil by taking fly ash as a raw material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing different types of zeolite molecular sieves by taking fly ash as a raw material;
step 2, determining occurrence states of heavy metals in the soil of the mining area to be repaired;
step 3, determining the repairing effect of the zeolite molecular sieves of different types prepared in the step 1 on the heavy metals in the mining area soil to be repaired;
and 4, compounding different types of zeolite molecular sieves according to the repairing effect obtained in the step 3 to obtain the compound curing agent.
In the step 1, the method for preparing the zeolite molecular sieve is a hydrothermal synthesis method, a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method, an alkali fusion hydrothermal method or an acid modification method.
In step 1, the different types of zeolite molecular sieves include: 4A Zeolite molecular Sieve, A1Zeolite type molecular sieves, A2Zeolite type molecular sieve, X1Zeolite type molecular sieve, X2Zeolite type molecular sieve, P type zeolite molecular sieve.
In the step 2, the content of heavy metals in the mining area soil to be restored and the form of the contained heavy metals in the soil are determined.
In the step 3, the zeolite molecular sieves of different types prepared in the step 1 are respectively and independently acted on the soil of the mining area to be repaired, so that the repairing effect of the zeolite molecular sieves of different types on one or more heavy metals in the soil is obtained.
In the step 4, according to the data measured in the step 3, the proportion of each zeolite molecular sieve required for restoring the soil of the mining area is calculated by the following compounding method, and the composite curing agent is obtained by mixing the zeolite molecular sieves in proportion;
the compounding method comprises the following steps:
excessive weight in soil to be restoredMetal: n is1、n2、n3…niIt corresponds to zeolite molecular sieve with best adsorption effect respectively: n is a radical of1、N2、N3…NiThen, then
Figure BDA0002837513610000021
Wherein,
Figure BDA0002837513610000022
for adsorbing n in soil1Required N1The minimum dosage of (2), g/kg;
Figure BDA0002837513610000023
is n1Content in soil, mg/kg;
Figure BDA0002837513610000024
is N1To n1Maximum adsorption amount of (2), mg/g;
by the same way, obtain
Figure BDA0002837513610000025
If the amount of the composite curing agent added is fNIn total, the adsorption capacity of the curing agent is excessive, thereby introducing an excessive factor
Figure BDA0002837513610000026
The proportion of the composite curing agent is calculated by the excess coefficient:
Figure BDA0002837513610000031
wherein,
Figure BDA0002837513610000032
is an excess systemNumber, dimension 1; by the same way, obtain
Figure BDA0002837513610000033
Finding the minimum excess coefficient
Figure BDA0002837513610000034
The adding amount of the different zeolite molecular sieves is as follows:
Figure BDA0002837513610000035
the application of the composite curing agent in repairing heavy metals in the mining area soil is as follows: and uniformly spreading the composite curing agent on the soil of the mining area to be repaired, ploughing, uniformly mixing, stacking and aging for 15-25d, and finishing the repairing process. Wherein the dosage of the compound curing agent is 80-200 kg/mu. The heavy metal is one or more of Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Cr and Ni.
Has the advantages that: according to the method, the fly ash is used as a main raw material, various curing agents with different properties are prepared through targeted modification treatment, and the various curing agents are compounded and used for curing and repairing heavy metals in soil based on occurrence characteristics of the heavy metals in the soil.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The invention discloses a method for preparing a composite curing agent for repairing heavy metals in mining area soil by taking fly ash as a raw material, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, taking fly ash as a raw material, and preparing different types of zeolite molecular sieves by a hydrothermal synthesis method, a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method, an alkali fusion hydrothermal method or an acid modification method in the prior art; wherein the different types of zeolitic molecular sieves comprise:4A Zeolite molecular Sieve, A1Zeolite type molecular sieves, A2Zeolite type molecular sieve, X1Zeolite type molecular sieve, X2Zeolite type molecular sieve, P type zeolite molecular sieve.
And 2, determining the content of the heavy metal in the soil of the mining area to be repaired and the form of the contained heavy metal in the soil.
And 3, respectively and independently acting the zeolite molecular sieves of different types prepared in the step 1 on the soil of the mining area to be repaired to obtain the repairing effect of the zeolite molecular sieves of different types on one or more heavy metals in the soil.
Step 4, calculating the proportion of each zeolite molecular sieve required for restoring the soil of the mining area according to the data measured in the step 3 by the following compounding method, and mixing the zeolite molecular sieves in proportion to obtain a compound curing agent;
the compounding method comprises the following steps:
and (3) exceeding heavy metals in the soil to be repaired: n is1、n2、n3…niIt corresponds to zeolite molecular sieve with best adsorption effect respectively: n is a radical of1、N2、N3…NiThen, then
Figure BDA0002837513610000041
Wherein,
Figure BDA0002837513610000042
for adsorbing n in soil1Required N1The minimum dosage of (2), g/kg;
Figure BDA0002837513610000043
is n1Content in soil, mg/kg;
Figure BDA0002837513610000044
is N1To n1Maximum adsorption amount of (2), mg/g;
by the same way, obtain
Figure BDA0002837513610000045
If the amount of the composite curing agent added is fNIn total, the adsorption capacity of the curing agent is excessive, thereby introducing an excessive factor
Figure BDA0002837513610000046
The proportion of the composite curing agent is calculated by the excess coefficient:
Figure BDA0002837513610000047
wherein,
Figure BDA0002837513610000048
is an excess factor, dimension 1; by the same way, obtain
Figure BDA0002837513610000049
Finding the minimum excess coefficient
Figure BDA00028375136100000410
The adding amount of the different zeolite molecular sieves is as follows:
Figure BDA00028375136100000411
the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
Preparing different types of zeolite molecular sieves by taking fly ash as a raw material; determining occurrence states of heavy metals in the soil of the mining area to be repaired; determining the repairing effect of different types of adsorbing materials on heavy metals in the soil of the mining area; and compounding the measured data to prepare the compound curing agent. The remediation land is soil in a mining area of Xuzhou.
Of different typesThe zeolite molecular sieve comprises: 4A Zeolite molecular Sieve, A1Zeolite type molecular sieves, A2Zeolite type molecular sieve, X type zeolite molecular sieve, P type zeolite molecular sieve.
The content of heavy metals in the mining area soil to be repaired is determined and is shown in table 1;
table 1: heavy metal content of mining area soil to be restored
Figure BDA00028375136100000412
Figure BDA0002837513610000051
The heavy metal elements Cd, Hg, Cu and Pb, wherein the elements of the heavy metal elements Cd, Hg, Cu and Pb occupy 59.4-78.6% of the element content in the forms of acid-extractable state, reducible state and oxidizable state; the ratio of the Cr to the Ni elements in the residual state is relatively large.
The determination of the repairing effect of the zeolite molecular sieves of different types on the heavy metals in the mining area soil is specifically as follows: the prepared zeolite molecular sieves of different types are respectively acted on the soil of the mining area to be repaired, and the repairing effect of different adsorbing materials on one or more heavy metals in the soil is shown in table 2.
Table 2: result of soil in mining area to be restored under action of different adsorption materials
Figure BDA0002837513610000052
The data obtained from the two steps are used for calculating the proportion of the required single zeolite molecular sieve by the compounding method provided by the invention, wherein: 4A zeolite molecular sieve 8%, A1Zeolite type molecular sieve 23%, A2Zeolite molecular sieve 17% and X1Zeolite molecular sieve 8%, X226% of type zeolite molecular sieve and 18% of P type zeolite molecular sieve; mixing the components in proportion to obtain the required compound curing agent.
And uniformly spreading the compound curing agent on the polluted soil according to the proportion of 120 kg/mu, ploughing to uniformly mix the compound curing agent and the polluted soil, stacking and aging for 20 days, and finishing the repairing process. The content of heavy metals in the soil after remediation was determined and is shown in table 3.
Table 3: mining area soil heavy metal content after composite curing agent restoration
Figure BDA0002837513610000053
Figure BDA0002837513610000061
Example 2
Preparing different types of zeolite molecular sieves by taking fly ash as a raw material; determining occurrence states of heavy metals in the soil of the mining area to be repaired; determining the repairing effect of different types of zeolite molecular sieves on heavy metals in the soil of the mining area; and compounding the measured data to prepare the compound curing agent. The remediation land is soil in a mining area of Xuzhou.
Different types of zeolitic molecular sieves include: 4A Zeolite molecular Sieve, A1Zeolite type molecular sieves, A2Zeolite type molecular sieve, X type zeolite molecular sieve, P type zeolite molecular sieve.
The measured heavy metal content in the mining area soil to be restored is shown in table 4;
table 4: heavy metal content of mining area soil to be restored
Figure BDA0002837513610000062
The heavy metal elements Hg, Cu, Cd and Cr, the content of the elements is 56.3-79.1% of the content of the elements in the form of acid-extractable state, reducible state and oxidizable state; the residue content ratio of Pb and Ni elements is relatively large.
The prepared zeolite molecular sieves of different types are respectively acted on the soil of the mining area to be repaired, and the repairing effect of different adsorbing materials on one or more heavy metals in the soil is shown in table 5.
Table 5: result of soil in mining area to be restored under action of different adsorption materials
Figure BDA0002837513610000063
Figure BDA0002837513610000071
The proportion of the required single adsorbing material is calculated by the compounding method provided by the invention according to the data obtained in the two steps, wherein: 18% of 4A zeolite molecular sieve and A1Zeolite molecular sieve 26% or A2Zeolite molecular sieve 10%, X1Type zeolite molecular sieve 9%, X224% of type zeolite molecular sieve and 13% of P type zeolite molecular sieve; mixing the components in proportion to obtain the required compound curing agent.
And uniformly spreading the compound curing agent on the polluted soil according to the proportion of 150 kg/mu, ploughing to uniformly mix the compound curing agent and the polluted soil, stacking and aging for 18 days, and finishing the repairing process. The content of heavy metals in the soil after remediation was determined and is shown in table 6.
Table 6: mining area soil heavy metal content after composite curing agent restoration
Figure BDA0002837513610000072
The above-described embodiments are only some of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above-described embodiments, and the above-described embodiments and the description are only for illustrating the principle of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications and equivalents should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing a composite curing agent for restoring heavy metals in mining area soil by taking fly ash as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing different types of zeolite molecular sieves by taking fly ash as a raw material;
step 2, determining occurrence states of heavy metals in the soil of the mining area to be repaired;
step 3, determining the repairing effect of the zeolite molecular sieves of different types prepared in the step 1 on the heavy metals in the mining area soil to be repaired;
and 4, compounding different types of zeolite molecular sieves according to the repairing effect obtained in the step 3 to obtain the compound curing agent.
2. The method for repairing heavy metals in mining area soil by using fly ash as a raw material and preparing a compound curing agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 1, the method for preparing the zeolite molecular sieve is a hydrothermal synthesis method, a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method, an alkali fusion hydrothermal method or an acid modification method.
3. The method for repairing heavy metals in mining area soil by using fly ash as a raw material and preparing a compound curing agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 1, the different types of zeolite molecular sieves include: 4A Zeolite molecular Sieve, A1Zeolite type molecular sieves, A2Zeolite type molecular sieve, X1Zeolite type molecular sieve, X2Zeolite type molecular sieve, P type zeolite molecular sieve.
4. The method for repairing heavy metals in mining area soil by using fly ash as a raw material and preparing a compound curing agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 2, the content of heavy metals in the mining area soil to be restored and the form of the contained heavy metals in the soil are determined.
5. The method for repairing heavy metals in mining area soil by using fly ash as a raw material and preparing a compound curing agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 3, the zeolite molecular sieves of different types prepared in the step 1 are respectively and independently acted on the soil of the mining area to be repaired, so that the repairing effect of the zeolite molecular sieves of different types on one or more heavy metals in the soil is obtained.
6. The method for repairing heavy metals in mining area soil by using fly ash as a raw material and preparing a compound curing agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 4, according to the data measured in the step 3, the proportion of each zeolite molecular sieve required for restoring the soil of the mining area is calculated by the following compounding method, and the composite curing agent is obtained by mixing the zeolite molecular sieves in proportion;
the compounding method comprises the following steps:
and (3) exceeding heavy metals in the soil to be repaired: n is1、n2、n3…niIt corresponds to zeolite molecular sieve with best adsorption effect respectively: n is a radical of1、N2、N3…NiThen, then
Figure FDA0002837513600000011
Wherein,
Figure FDA0002837513600000021
for adsorbing n in soil1Required N1The minimum dosage of (2), g/kg;
Figure FDA0002837513600000022
is n1Content in soil, mg/kg;
Figure FDA0002837513600000023
is N1To n1Maximum adsorption amount of (2), mg/g;
by the same way, obtain
Figure FDA0002837513600000024
If the amount of the composite curing agent added is fNIn total, the adsorption capacity of the curing agent is excessive, thereby introducing an excessive factor
Figure FDA0002837513600000025
The proportion of the composite curing agent is calculated by the excess coefficient:
Figure FDA0002837513600000026
wherein,
Figure FDA0002837513600000027
is an excess factor, dimension 1; by the same way, obtain
Figure FDA0002837513600000028
Finding the minimum excess coefficient
Figure FDA0002837513600000029
The adding amount of the different zeolite molecular sieves is as follows:
Figure FDA00028375136000000210
7. a composite type curing agent prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The application of the compound curing agent of claim 7 in repairing heavy metals in mine soil.
9. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: and uniformly spreading the composite curing agent on the soil of the mining area to be repaired, ploughing, uniformly mixing, stacking and aging for 15-25d, and finishing the repairing process.
10. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that: the dosage of the compound curing agent is 80-200 kg/mu, and the heavy metal is one or more of Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Cr and Ni.
CN202011480882.8A 2020-12-15 2020-12-15 Method for preparing composite curing agent by taking fly ash as raw material and application of composite curing agent in repairing mining area soil Pending CN112592720A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210402