CN112591964A - Hospital emergency water supply system - Google Patents
Hospital emergency water supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112591964A CN112591964A CN202011619412.5A CN202011619412A CN112591964A CN 112591964 A CN112591964 A CN 112591964A CN 202011619412 A CN202011619412 A CN 202011619412A CN 112591964 A CN112591964 A CN 112591964A
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hospital emergency water supply system, which comprises a central quality-divided host water production system and a water using terminal; the central quality-grading main machine water production system at least comprises a primary water production system, a secondary water production system and a tertiary water production system; the primary water production system comprises a raw water tank, an emergency water-saving device, a filtering device and a primary pure water tank, wherein the raw water tank and the filtering device are connected through at least two parallel pipelines of a main pipeline and an auxiliary pipeline, and the emergency water-saving device is connected to the auxiliary pipeline; the secondary water production system comprises a secondary reverse osmosis device and a secondary pure water tank; the three-level water production system comprises an EDI system and a three-level pure water tank; the water terminals are at least divided into a grade I water terminal, a grade II water terminal and a grade III water terminal. The emergency water supply system has high water utilization efficiency and low cost, can effectively protect the filter element, and can preferentially supply water to an emergency water supply terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water supply in hospitals, in particular to an emergency water supply system in a hospital.
Background
Hospitals serve as public service institutions with large energy consumption and pollutant discharge amount, water conservation, energy conservation and emission reduction are realized, and the implementation of green development becomes a consensus of all hospital builders and participants.
The water systems of direct drinking water, acidic oxidation potential water, hemodialysis water, domestic sewage treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, rainwater recycling, hot water and the like in the existing hospital are respectively designed, produced and delivered independently by different professional companies, so that the water systems in the hospital cannot be integrated, and the waste of manpower and material resources can be caused in various links such as relevant communication, design and supplier selection of the water systems, the propulsion of the whole water supply system is influenced, and the construction and management cost of the water supply system is increased.
When water pipeline received external source pollution (blow out, stop water suck-back etc.), the turbidity of running water can the grow, if directly let in filtration system with the too big running water of turbidity and filter, then filtration system's filter core is blockked up very fast, can't effectively filter, needs the renew cartridge to increase running cost.
In addition, if water is cut off in municipal administration or water pipes inside the hospital are exposed, water in each department of the hospital is easily cut off at the same time, the operation of the hospital is seriously affected, particularly in some important departments, and the life risk of a patient is caused if water is cut off.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a hospital emergency water supply system, which has high water utilization efficiency and low cost, can effectively protect a filter element, and can preferentially supply water to an emergency water supply terminal.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an emergency water supply system for a hospital, which comprises a central quality-grading host water production system and a water using terminal;
the central quality-grading main machine water production system at least comprises a primary water production system, a secondary water production system and a tertiary water production system; the primary water production system comprises a raw water tank, an emergency water-saving device, a filtering device and a primary pure water tank, wherein the raw water tank and the filtering device are connected through at least two parallel pipelines of a main pipeline and an auxiliary pipeline, and the emergency water-saving device is connected to the auxiliary pipeline; the secondary water production system comprises a secondary reverse osmosis device and a secondary pure water tank; the three-level water production system comprises an EDI system and a three-level pure water tank;
according to different water priority levels and purposes, the water terminals are at least divided into a level I water terminal, a level II water terminal and a level III water terminal; wherein, a first-stage circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the first-stage water using terminal with the first-stage pure water tank, the second-stage pure water tank or the third-stage pure water tank; a second-stage circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the second-stage water using terminal with the first-stage pure water tank, the second-stage pure water tank or the third-stage pure water tank; and a third-stage circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the III-stage water terminal with the first-stage pure water tank, the second-stage pure water tank or the third-stage pure water tank.
As an improvement of the scheme, a turbidity sensor and a stacked filter are arranged in the emergency water-saving device;
the emergency water-saving device is characterized in that the main pipeline is provided with a first electromagnetic valve, the auxiliary pipeline is provided with a second electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve is arranged in front of the emergency water-saving device, when the turbidity of tap water in the original water tank is larger than 5NTU, the first electromagnetic valve is closed, and the second electromagnetic valve is opened.
As an improvement of the scheme, a hemodialysis water terminal, an ICU water terminal and an operating room water terminal are the I-grade water terminal; the liquid preparation water terminal, the inspection water terminal and the acid and alkali water terminal are the II-level water terminals; the direct drinking water terminal, the cleaning water terminal and the flushing water terminal are the III-level water terminal.
As an improvement of the scheme, a direct drinking water terminal, a hemodialysis water terminal, an acid and alkali water terminal, a flushing water terminal, an ICU water terminal and an operating room water terminal are connected with a primary pure water tank, wherein the pH value of effluent of the water terminal connected with the primary pure water tank is 5.0-8.5, the TDS is less than or equal to 50mg/L, and the conductivity is less than or equal to 15 mu s/cm;
the cleaning water terminal and the liquid preparation water terminal are connected with the secondary pure water tank, wherein the effluent of the water terminal connected with the secondary pure water tank has a pH value of 5.0-8.5 and an electric conductivity of less than or equal to 5 mu s/cm;
the inspection water terminal is connected with the three-stage pure water tank, wherein the water outlet of the water terminal connected with the three-stage pure water tank has the conductivity less than or equal to 0.1 mu s/cm.
As an improvement of the scheme, the filtering device comprises a quartz sand filter, a residual chlorine removing device, a cartridge filter, a softener and a primary reverse osmosis device which are sequentially connected.
As an improvement of the scheme, the residual chlorine removal device comprises a residual chlorine sensor, an overflowing ultraviolet lamp and an activated carbon filter, wherein the residual chlorine sensor is arranged behind the raw water tank and behind the softener.
As an improvement of the scheme, the overflowing ultraviolet lamp is provided with two wavelength ranges, wherein one wavelength range is 170-200 nm and is used for oxidizing residual chlorine; the other wavelength range is 240-280 nm, and the antibacterial agent is used for killing bacteria.
As an improvement of the scheme, an activated carbon filter material is filled in the activated carbon filter, the particle size of the activated carbon filter material is 8-16 meshes, and the uniformity coefficient is 1.4-2.0.
As an improvement of the scheme, the effluent of the cartridge filter is introduced into a first-stage reverse osmosis device through a first-stage high-pressure pump; the water in the primary pure water tank is introduced into the secondary reverse osmosis device through the secondary high-pressure pump; water in the secondary pure water tank is introduced into the EDI system through a tertiary high-pressure pump;
as an improvement of the scheme, immersion type ultraviolet sterilizers are arranged in the first-stage pure water tank, the second-stage pure water tank and the third-stage pure water tank;
the wavelength of the immersed ultraviolet sterilizer is 240-280 nm, and the illumination intensity is 150-250 MJ/cm2. The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the system of the invention adopts the methods of central water production and three-level quality-based water supply, effectively meets the water demand of different departments of the hospital, and compared with the water supply system of a single department, the central quality-based water supply system of the invention has high water utilization efficiency and can save 40 to 50 percent of water; the energy consumption is low, and 40% of electricity can be reduced; the replacement frequency of consumables is lower, the replacement quantity is less, and consumables can be reduced by 40-50%; the water supply system has the advantages that the space is effectively saved, each filtering device and each level of pure water tank of the central quality-divided main water production system are stored in the same equipment room, and the water supply connection of each level of pure water tank and each level of water terminal is realized through pipelines.
The central quality-divided water supply system of the invention carries out centralized advanced treatment on tap water to ensure that the tap water reaches the water quality standard which can be directly used by each department, and then is respectively supplied to each department for use by a pipe network.
According to different use levels and purposes, the water using terminals are at least divided into a level I water using terminal, a level II water using terminal and a level III water using terminal, and if tap water is cut off and the water supply amount of an original water tank is insufficient, the priority water supplying system preferentially ensures the water use of the level I water using terminal so as to ensure the emergency operation of a hospital.
The device conveying pipeline part adopts a circulating reflux pipe network design, a water supply pipeline is discharged from the pure water tank, and the water supply pipeline returns to the pure water tank, so that the device is periodically and circularly sterilized, and the problems of bacterial regeneration and secondary pollution of microorganisms are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the hospital emergency water supply system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the hospital emergency water supply system provided by the invention comprises a central quality-based main water production system 1 and a water using terminal 2.
Specifically, the central quality-based main water production system 1 at least comprises a primary water production system 11, a secondary water production system 12 and a tertiary water production system 13; the primary water production system 11 comprises a raw water tank 111, a filtering device 112, a primary pure water tank 113 and an emergency water saving device 114, wherein the raw water tank 111 and the filtering device 112 are connected in parallel through at least two pipelines, namely a main pipeline 115 and an auxiliary pipeline 116, and the emergency water saving device 114 is connected to the auxiliary pipeline 116; the secondary water production system 12 comprises a secondary reverse osmosis device 121 and a secondary pure water tank 122; the three-stage water production system 13 comprises an EDI system 131 and a three-stage pure water tank 132.
A turbidity sensor and a stacked filter are arranged in the emergency water-saving device 114, and fillers such as filter cotton, ceramic particles, quartz sand and the like are arranged in the stacked filter; the main pipeline 115 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 1151, the auxiliary pipeline 116 is provided with a second electromagnetic valve 1161, and the second electromagnetic valve 1161 is arranged in front of the emergency water-saving device 114; the filtering device 112 comprises a quartz sand filter 1121, a residual chlorine removing device 1122, a cartridge filter 1123, a softener 1124 and a primary reverse osmosis device 1125 which are connected in sequence.
The raw water tank 111 is used for storing municipal tap water, wherein a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, a pH sensor and a conductivity sensor are arranged in front of the raw water tank 111; a turbidity sensor and a residual chlorine sensor are arranged behind the raw water tank 111. When the turbidity sensor arranged behind the raw water tank 111 detects that the turbidity of the tap water in the raw water tank 111 is greater than 5NTU, that is, the pipeline is polluted by external sources (pipe explosion, water cut-off and suck-back and the like), if the tap water with the turbidity greater than 5NTU is directly introduced into the filter device 112, the quartz sand filter 1121 in the filter device 112 is quickly blocked, effective filtration cannot be performed, and the filter element needs to be replaced. And the primary filtering system 11 needs to be shut down for replacing the filter element, which has certain influence on the secondary filtering system 12 and the tertiary filtering system 13 and is time-consuming and labor-consuming. In order to ensure the service life of the filter element of the filtering device 112, the emergency water-saving device has lower cost and less influence to solve the problem of exogenous pollution.
Specifically, when the turbidity of tap water in the raw water tank 111 is greater than 5NTU, the first electromagnetic valve 1151 is closed, the second electromagnetic valve 1161 is opened, so that water in the raw water tank 111 enters the emergency water-saving device 114 through the auxiliary pipeline 115 for pre-filtering, and water pre-filtered by the emergency water-saving device 114 enters the filtering device 112; and (3) the turbidity of the tap water in the raw water tank 111 lasts for 30min and is less than 5NTU, the first electromagnetic valve 1151 is opened again, the second electromagnetic valve 1161 is closed, and the tap water in the raw water tank 111 enters a normal filtering mode.
Preferably, two sets of filtering devices 112 are provided, and the two sets of filtering devices 112 are connected in parallel; a user can start one or two sets of filtering devices 112 according to the water quality condition; or when the filter element needs to be replaced, the set of filtering devices 112 can be suspended, and the other set of filtering devices 112 can be switched to be used, so as to ensure the continuous water supply.
The quartz sand filter 1121 is internally provided with a plurality of layers of quartz sand fillers, and the particle size of the quartz sand fillers is gradually increased from top to bottom. Preferably, the particle size of the quartz sand filler is 12-16 meshes.
When water flows through the upper layer of quartz sand filler, part of solid suspended substances in the water enter the tiny eyelets formed by the upper layer of quartz sand filler and are intercepted by the surface layer of the filter material under the actions of adsorption and mechanical retention. Meanwhile, the intercepted suspended matters are overlapped and bridged, and the suspended matters in the water are continuously filtered as if a film is formed on the surface of the filter layer, so that the film filtration of the surface layer of the filter material is realized. This filtration is not only present on the surface of the filter layer, but also when water enters the intermediate filter layer, it is also referred to as osmotic filtration. In addition, because the filter materials are closely arranged, when suspended particles in water flow through the bent pore passages in the filter material layer, more opportunities and time are provided for the suspended particles to collide and contact with the surface of the filter materials, and fine particle impurities in the water are intercepted, so that the water is further clarified and purified.
After the quartz sand filter 1121 is used for a period of time, a pressure difference is generated between the upper layer quartz sand filler and the lower layer quartz sand filler, and when the pressure difference generated between the upper layer quartz sand filler and the lower layer quartz sand filler is larger than 0.05-0.1 Mpa, the quartz sand filler needs to be back-flushed by reverse water flow, so that trapped substances in the quartz sand filler are stripped and taken away by the water flow, and the filtering function is recovered.
Preferably, the quartz sand filter 1121 is controlled by an electric valve, the backwashing period is set to 24 hours, the time of each backwashing is 5-10 min, and the work position is set as follows: operation, backwashing and forward washing, the conversion of work positions is automatically recorded by a time controller and the flow direction of inlet and outlet water is controlled, and a water pump is started to carry out large-water-volume washing, thereby realizing automatic control. The quartz sand filler filled in the quartz sand filter 1121 is worn and reduced after being used for a long time, so that the quartz sand filler is replaced or added once in 2-3 years.
Chlorine is the most widely used disinfectant at present, is used as an effective sterilization and disinfection means, is low in price, good in effect and convenient to operate, and is used by more than 80% of water plants in the world at present. Therefore, a certain amount of residual chlorine must be maintained in municipal tap water to ensure the microbiological indicator of the drinking water is safe. When chlorine reacts with organic acids, many carcinogenic by-products are produced, such as chloroform and the like. Chlorine has good effect of killing bacterial cells, and also has serious influence on other organism cells and human body cells. More than a certain amount of chlorine can cause a lot of harm to human body and has an unpleasant odor, commonly called bleaching powder odor.
The reverse osmosis membranes in the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 and the second-stage reverse osmosis device are most easily destroyed by chlorine, and the residual chlorine removal device 1122 is arranged before the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 to reduce the content of residual chlorine in water, so that the service life of the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 can be prolonged, the replacement speed of the reverse osmosis membranes is prolonged, and the later maintenance cost is reduced.
The residual chlorine removing device 1122 comprises a residual chlorine sensor, an overflowing ultraviolet lamp and an activated carbon filter, wherein the residual chlorine sensor is arranged behind the raw water tank 111 and behind the softener 1124 and is used for detecting the content of residual chlorine in water.
The activated carbon filter is internally provided with an activated carbon filter material, the particle size of the activated carbon filter material is 8-16 meshes, the uniformity coefficient is 1.4-2.0, organic pollutants, microorganisms, dissolved oxygen and the like in water are adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon by utilizing the adsorption characteristic of the activated carbon, the probability of degrading the organic pollutants by the microorganisms is increased, the retention time of the organic matters is prolonged, the biodegradation effect is enhanced, the organic matters adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon are removed, the peculiar smell, the chromaticity, the heavy metal removal, the synthetic detergent, dechlorination and the like in the water can also be removed, in addition, the selective adsorption of the activated carbon not only can adsorb electrolyte ions, but also can well control and reduce the oxygen Consumption (COD) of potassium permanganate.
The active carbon filter is arranged in front of the reverse osmosis device, so that residual chlorine in water can be removed, organic pollution in water can be removed, and the reverse osmosis membrane is further protected.
Wherein, the active carbon adsorbs residual chlorine, and the adsorption performance is mainly determined by adsorption capacity and adsorption rate. According to the invention, the overflowing type ultraviolet lamp is arranged in front of the activated carbon filter to reduce the content of residual chlorine in water, so that the service life of the activated carbon filter can be prolonged, the replacement speed of the filter element is prolonged, and the later maintenance cost is reduced.
Specifically, the overflowing type ultraviolet lamp is arranged between the quartz sand filter 1121 and the activated carbon filter, and the overflowing type ultraviolet lamp is provided with two wavelength ranges, wherein one wavelength range is 170-200 nm and is used for oxidizing residual chlorine; the other wavelength range is 240-280 nm, and the antibacterial agent is used for killing bacteria.
The overflowing type ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the water pipe, and ultraviolet rays emitted by the overflowing type ultraviolet lamp are used for oxidizing residual chlorine in water, so that the content of the residual chlorine in the water entering the activated carbon filter is 0.05-0.1 mg/L, and the damage of the residual chlorine to the activated carbon filter and the primary reverse osmosis device 1125 can be reduced.
The illumination intensity of the overflowing type ultraviolet lamp is controlled to be 70-90 MJ/cm2To make the entry aliveThe residual chlorine content of the water of the carbon filter is 0.05-0.1 mg/L; wherein, if the illumination intensity of the over-flow ultraviolet lamp is less than 70MJ/cm2Residual chlorine in the water cannot be effectively oxidized, namely, the content of the residual chlorine in the water entering the activated carbon filter is more than 0.1mg/L, so that the loss of the activated carbon filler and the reverse osmosis membrane is caused, and the filtering effect and the service life of the filtering device are influenced; if the illumination intensity of the over-flow type ultraviolet lamp is more than 90MJ/cm2And the residual chlorine in the water is excessively oxidized, namely the residual chlorine content of the water entering the activated carbon filter is less than 0.05mg/L, so that the residual chlorine content in the water is too low to maintain the effective sterilization effect.
The cartridge filter 1123 is used for filtering out particles with a particle size larger than 5 μm in water to prevent the reverse osmosis high-pressure pump from delivering the particles to the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125, so as to prevent the reverse osmosis membrane from being punctured, blocked or damaged, and ensure the water passing amount and the effluent quality of the reverse osmosis device.
To increase the recovery of the primary reverse osmosis unit 1125 and prevent carbonate, sulfate and other forms of chemical scaling from occurring on the concentrate side of the primary reverse osmosis unit 1125 (especially the last membrane element in the reverse osmosis pressure vessel), thereby affecting the performance of the membrane elements, the feed water before reverse osmosis treatment must be softened.
The softener 1124 uses a strong acid cation resin to displace calcium and magnesium ions in raw water, and the water flowing out through the apparatus is softened water with extremely low hardness. After adsorbing certain amount of calcium and magnesium ions, the resin must be regenerated, saturated saline water is used to soak the resin to replace the hardness of calcium and magnesium ions in the resin, the softening exchange capacity of the resin is recovered, and the waste liquid is discharged.
The first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 is composed of reverse osmosis membranes, the pore diameter of the reverse osmosis membranes is less than 1nm, and H is performed under a certain pressure2The O molecule can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane, but inorganic salts, heavy metal ions, organic substances, colloids, bacteria, viruses, and the like in the raw water cannot permeate the reverse osmosis membrane, thereby strictly distinguishing the permeable pure water from the impermeable concentrated water (concentrated water).
First order reverse osmosisThe first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 is a core treatment part of the filtering device 112 of the present invention, and in order to meet the effluent standard, the present invention pre-treats the water according to the desalination capability of the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125, and the pre-treated water is subjected to the high desalination capability of the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 to completely remove the TOC and SiO which are difficult to remove in the previous pure water manufacturing process2And micro-particles, bacteria and the like, and the water after reverse osmosis treatment can remove more than 99% of soluble solids, more than 99% of organic matters and colloids and almost 100% of bacterial viruses.
Wherein, whether the first-level reverse osmosis device 1125 is designed reasonably is directly related to the economic benefit of the operation of the hospital emergency water supply system, the service life, the operation reliability and the simplicity.
The reverse osmosis membrane adopts an aromatic poly-cool-limb composite membrane produced by American ceramic type DOW company, the desalination rate of a single reverse osmosis membrane is more than 99.0 percent, and the reverse osmosis device is provided with a conductivity meter which is used for tracking and monitoring the quality of raw water and the quality of outlet water.
The second-stage reverse osmosis device 121 has the same structure as the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125, and is used for further removing inorganic salts, heavy metal ions, organic matters, colloids, bacteria, viruses and the like in water.
The EDI system 131 is removed by exchanging the residual salts in the reverse osmosis membrane pure water with hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions and sending them to the concentrate stream. Wherein the anion exchange resin uses hydroxyl ions (OH) under the action of DC electric field-) To exchange anions in the dissolved salt (e.g. chloride Cl)-) (ii) a Hydrogen ion (H) for cation exchange resin+) To exchange cations (e.g. Na) in dissolved salts+) (ii) a Under the action of an electric potential, ions exchanged onto the resin migrate along the surface of the resin particles and pass through the membrane into the concentrate chamber, the negatively charged ions (e.g., Cl) being attracted by the anode-，OH-) Passes through the anion selective membrane into the adjacent concentrate stream and is blocked by the cation selective membrane, thereby remaining in the concentrate stream, and the cathode attracts cations (such as Na) in the concentrate stream+，H+) Passes through the cation selective membrane into the adjacent concentrated water flow and is filtered by the anion selective membraneBlocking, thereby remaining in the concentrate stream; as the water flows through the two parallel chambers, ions are removed in the pure water chamber and accumulate in the adjacent concentrate stream, which is then carried away from the membrane block by the concentrate stream.
In the EDI system 131, in the local area with high potential difference, the water decomposed by electrochemical reaction generates a large amount of H+And OH-The resin and the film can be continuously regenerated without adding chemicals, and the water utilization rate is more than or equal to 90 percent.
Specifically, the water terminals 2 are at least divided into a class i water terminal 21, a class ii water terminal 22 and a class iii water terminal 23 according to the priority and the usage of water, wherein the hemodialysis water terminal 212, the ICU water terminal 215 and the operating room water terminal 216 are the class i water terminals 21; a liquid preparation water terminal 222, a detection water terminal 231 and an acid and alkali water terminal 213 are the II-level water terminal 22; the direct drinking water terminal 211, the washing water terminal 221 and the rinsing water terminal 214 are the class III water terminal 23.
Wherein, the department provided with the hemodialysis water terminal 212 comprises a hemodialysis center; the department provided with the ICU water using terminal 215 comprises an ICU and an NICU; the department provided with the operating room water terminal 216 includes an operating room; the department provided with a water terminal 222 for liquid preparation comprises a pharmacy department, a static preparation center and a treatment liquid preparation; the departments provided with the inspection water terminal 231 include a pathology department, a laboratory department and a laboratory; the department with the acid-base water terminal 213 comprises a disinfection supply center, an endoscopy department, an oral department and an otorhinolaryngology department; the department provided with the cleaning water terminal 221 comprises a disinfection supply center, an endoscope center, an operation center and an otorhinolaryngology department; the department provided with the flushing water terminal 214 includes a clinical laboratory.
Specifically, the first-stage pure water tank 113 is respectively connected with corresponding water terminals included in the first-stage water terminal 21, the second-stage water terminal 22 and the third-stage water terminal 23; similarly, the second-stage pure water tank 122 is respectively connected with corresponding water terminals included in the first-stage water terminal 21, the second-stage water terminal 22 and the third-stage water terminal 23; similarly, the three-stage pure water tank 132 is connected to the corresponding water terminals included in the stage I water terminal 21, the stage II water terminal 22, and the stage III water terminal 23, respectively.
Wherein, the first-stage pure water tank 113, the second-stage pure water tank 122 and the third-stage pure water tank 132 are provided with a first-stage circulating pump 24 on the pipeline connected with the first-stage water terminal 21, a second-stage circulating pump 25 on the pipeline connected with the second-stage water terminal 22, and a third-stage circulating pump 26 on the pipeline connected with the third-stage water terminal 23. Namely, the first-stage circulating pump 24 is respectively arranged on the pipelines of the first-stage pure water tank 113, the hemodialysis water terminal 212, the ICU water terminal 215 and the operating room water terminal 216; a second-stage circulating pump 25 is respectively arranged on a pipeline for connecting the first-stage pure water tank 113 with the acid-base water terminal 213, a pipeline for connecting the second-stage pure water tank 122 with the liquid preparation water terminal 222, and a pipeline for connecting the third-stage pure water tank 132 with the inspection water terminal 231; three-stage circulating pumps 26 are arranged on pipelines connected with the direct drinking water terminal 211 and the flushing water terminal 214 of the first-stage pure water tank 113 and the cleaning water terminal 221 of the second-stage pure water tank 122.
If the tap water is cut off and the water supply amount of the original water tank is insufficient, the priority water supply system preferentially ensures the water supply of the I-level water terminal 21; specifically, all water using terminals except the first-stage water using terminal 21 are closed, the first-stage circulating pump 24 is started, pure water in a pipeline between the first-stage pure water tank 113 and the second-stage water using terminals 22 and 23 flows back to the first-stage pure water tank 113, so that water is used for the first-stage water using terminal 21 (the hemodialysis water using terminal 212, the ICU water using terminal 215 and the operating room water using terminal 216), and meanwhile, the pure water is prevented from being stored in the pipeline for a long time, and the problems of bacterial regeneration and secondary pollution of microorganisms are avoided; meanwhile, the second-stage circulating pump 25 is started to return the pure water in the pipeline between the second-stage pure water tank 122 and the second-stage water terminal 22 and the third-stage water terminal 23 to the second-stage pure water tank 122, so that the water for the first-stage water terminal 21 is ensured, meanwhile, the pure water is prevented from being stored in the pipeline for a long time, and the problems of bacteria regeneration and secondary pollution of microorganisms are avoided; meanwhile, the three-stage circulation pump 26 is started to return the pure water in the pipeline between the three-stage pure water tank 132 and the II-stage water terminal 22 and the III-stage water terminal 23 to the three-stage pure water tank 132, so as to ensure the water consumption of the I-stage water terminal 21, and simultaneously avoid the situation that the pure water is stored in the pipeline for a long time, and avoid the problems of bacteria regeneration and secondary pollution of microorganisms.
It should be noted that the direct drinking water terminal 211, the hemodialysis water terminal 212, the acid and alkali water terminal 213, the rinsing water terminal 214, the ICU water terminal 215 and the operating room water terminal 216 are connected to the first-stage pure water tank 113, and according to CJ 94-2005 "drinking water quality standard", WS 310.1-2016 "part 1 management standard of hospital disinfection supply center", YY 0572-. The cleaning water terminal 221 and the liquid preparation water terminal 222 are connected with the secondary pure water tank 122, according to WS 310.2-2016 technical Specification for cleaning, disinfecting and sterilizing at the 2 nd part of hospital disinfection supply center, and WS 507-2016 technical Specification for cleaning and disinfecting of soft endoscope, wherein the pH value of the effluent of the water terminal is 5.0-8.5, and the electric conductivity is less than or equal to 5 mus/cm. The terminal 231 for testing water is connected to the third-level pure water tank 132, according to GB/T6682-.
The central quality-grading main machine water production system 1 further comprises a primary concentrated water recovery system 14, a primary reverse osmosis membrane cleaning system 15 and a pH adjusting system 16.
The primary concentrated water recovery system 14 comprises a waste water tank, a sterilizer and a water pump; the outlet water of the cartridge filter 1123 is introduced into a first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 through a first-stage high-pressure pump 1125, the concentrated water generated by the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 is introduced into a waste water tank, the concentrated water in the waste water tank is sterilized by a sterilizer, and then the concentrated water is supplied to water terminals such as hand washing, toilet flushing and the like where the requirement on the water quality is not high through a water pump, so that the utilization efficiency of the water can be improved, and the waste is reduced.
Wherein, the sterilizer is an ultraviolet sterilizer, an ozone sterilizer or a drug adding sterilizer, and the invention is not limited in particular.
The primary reverse osmosis membrane cleaning system 15 comprises a cleaning water tank, a cleaning water pump and a security filter; the cleaning water tank is internally provided with cleaning water for cleaning the reverse osmosis membrane, the cleaning water is filtered by the cartridge filter, and then the cleaning water is introduced into the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 through the cleaning water pump to flush the reverse osmosis membrane, so that the filtering effect of the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 is improved, and the service life of the first-stage reverse osmosis device 1125 is prolonged.
The pH adjusting system 16 is disposed in front of the secondary reverse osmosis device 121 and is used for adjusting the pH value of the pure water entering the secondary reverse osmosis device 121. Wherein, the water in the first-stage pure water tank 113 is introduced into the second-stage reverse osmosis device 121 through the second-stage high pressure pump 123, and the concentrated water generated by the second-stage reverse osmosis device 121 is returned to the raw water tank 111 through a pipeline for circular filtration. Even if the water treated by the primary water preparation system 11 is concentrated water generated by the secondary reverse osmosis device 121, the water quality is superior to that of tap water, so that the water can be recycled to the original water tank 111 for circular water supply treatment, the water can be recycled, and the generation of sewage can be reduced.
Wherein, the water in the second-stage pure water tank 122 is introduced into the EDI system 131 through the third-stage high-pressure pump 133.
The pure water entering the first-stage pure water tank 113 through the filtering device 112 has a small impurity content, but in order to avoid bacterial contamination, an immersion type ultraviolet sterilizer is arranged in the first-stage pure water tank 113 to ensure the safety of the water quality in the first-stage pure water tank 113. Preferably, the wavelength of the immersed ultraviolet sterilizer is 240-280 nm, and the illumination intensity is 150-250 MJ/cm2。
The pure water entering the second pure water tank 122 through the filtering device 112 and the second reverse osmosis device 121 has a small impurity content, but in order to avoid bacterial contamination, an immersion type ultraviolet sterilizer is provided in the second pure water tank 122 to ensure the safety of the water quality in the second pure water tank 122. Preferably, the wavelength of the immersed ultraviolet sterilizer is 240-280 nm, and the illumination intensity is 150-250 MJ/cm2。
The pure water entering the third pure water tank 132 through the filtering apparatus 112, the second reverse osmosis apparatus 121 and the EDI system 131 has a low impurity content, but in order to avoid bacterial contamination, an immersion type ultraviolet sterilizer is provided in the third pure water tank 132 to ensure the safety of the water quality in the third pure water tank. Preferably, the wavelength of the immersed ultraviolet sterilizer is 240-280 nm, and the illumination intensity is 150-250 MJ/cm2。
The system of the invention adopts the methods of central water production and three-level quality-based water supply, effectively meets the water demand of different departments of the hospital, and compared with the water supply system of a single department, the central quality-based water supply system of the invention has high water utilization efficiency and can save 40 to 50 percent of water; the energy consumption is low, and 40% of electricity can be reduced; the replacement frequency of consumables is lower, the replacement quantity is less, and consumables can be reduced by 40-50%; the water supply system has the advantages that the space is effectively saved, each filtering device and each level of pure water tank of the central quality-divided main water production system are stored in the same equipment room, and the water supply connection of each level of pure water tank and each level of water terminal is realized through pipelines.
The central quality-divided water supply system of the invention carries out centralized advanced treatment on tap water to ensure that the tap water reaches the water quality standard which can be directly used by each department, and then is respectively supplied to each department for use by a pipe network.
According to different use levels and purposes, the water using terminals are at least divided into a level I water using terminal, a level II water using terminal and a level III water using terminal, and if tap water is cut off and the water supply amount of an original water tank is insufficient, the priority water supplying system preferentially ensures the water use of the level I water using terminal so as to ensure the emergency operation of a hospital.
The device conveying pipeline part adopts a circulating reflux pipe network design, a water supply pipeline is discharged from the pure water tank, and the water supply pipeline returns to the pure water tank, so that the device is periodically and circularly sterilized, and the problems of bacterial regeneration and secondary pollution of microorganisms are solved.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An emergency water supply system for a hospital is characterized by comprising a central quality-based main mechanism water system and a water using terminal;
the central quality-grading main machine water production system at least comprises a primary water production system, a secondary water production system and a tertiary water production system; the primary water production system comprises a raw water tank, an emergency water-saving device, a filtering device and a primary pure water tank, wherein the raw water tank and the filtering device are connected through at least two parallel pipelines of a main pipeline and an auxiliary pipeline, and the emergency water-saving device is connected to the auxiliary pipeline; the secondary water production system comprises a secondary reverse osmosis device and a secondary pure water tank; the three-level water production system comprises an EDI system and a three-level pure water tank;
according to different water priority levels and purposes, the water terminals are at least divided into a level I water terminal, a level II water terminal and a level III water terminal; wherein, a first-stage circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the first-stage water using terminal with the first-stage pure water tank, the second-stage pure water tank or the third-stage pure water tank; a second-stage circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the second-stage water using terminal with the first-stage pure water tank, the second-stage pure water tank or the third-stage pure water tank; and a third-stage circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline connecting the III-stage water terminal with the first-stage pure water tank, the second-stage pure water tank or the third-stage pure water tank.
2. The hospital emergency water supply system of claim 1, wherein a turbidity sensor and a stacked filter are provided in the emergency water saving device;
the emergency water-saving device is characterized in that the main pipeline is provided with a first electromagnetic valve, the auxiliary pipeline is provided with a second electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve is arranged in front of the emergency water-saving device, when the turbidity of tap water in the original water tank is larger than 5NTU, the first electromagnetic valve is closed, and the second electromagnetic valve is opened.
3. The hospital emergency water supply system of claim 1, wherein hemodialysis water terminals, ICU water terminals and operating room water terminals are said class i water terminals; the liquid preparation water terminal, the inspection water terminal and the acid and alkali water terminal are the II-level water terminals; the direct drinking water terminal, the cleaning water terminal and the flushing water terminal are the III-level water terminal.
4. The hospital emergency water supply system of claim 3, wherein the direct drinking water terminal, the hemodialysis water terminal, the acid and alkali water terminal, the flushing water terminal, the ICU water terminal and the operating room water terminal are connected with the primary pure water tank, wherein the effluent of the water terminal connected with the primary pure water tank has a pH value of 5.0-8.5, a TDS of less than or equal to 50mg/L and an electrical conductivity of less than or equal to 15 μ s/cm;
the cleaning water terminal and the liquid preparation water terminal are connected with the secondary pure water tank, wherein the effluent of the water terminal connected with the secondary pure water tank has a pH value of 5.0-8.5 and an electric conductivity of less than or equal to 5 mu s/cm;
the inspection water terminal is connected with the three-stage pure water tank, wherein the water outlet of the water terminal connected with the three-stage pure water tank has the conductivity less than or equal to 0.1 mu s/cm.
5. The hospital emergency water supply system of claim 1, wherein said filtering means comprises a quartz sand filter, a residual chlorine removal device, a cartridge filter, a softener, and a primary reverse osmosis device connected in series.
6. The hospital emergency water supply system of claim 5, wherein the residual chlorine removal device comprises a residual chlorine sensor, an over-flow ultraviolet lamp and an activated carbon filter, the residual chlorine sensor being disposed behind the raw water tank and behind the softener.
7. The hospital emergency water supply system according to claim 6, wherein said over-flow ultraviolet lamp has two wavelength ranges, one of which is 170-200 nm, for oxidizing residual chlorine; the other wavelength range is 240-280 nm, and the antibacterial agent is used for killing bacteria.
8. The hospital emergency water supply system of claim 6, wherein the activated carbon filter is filled with an activated carbon filter material, the particle size of the activated carbon filter material is 8-16 meshes, and the uniformity coefficient is 1.4-2.0.
9. A hospital emergency water supply system according to claim 5, wherein the outlet water of the cartridge filter passes the water through a primary high pressure pump into a primary reverse osmosis device; the water in the primary pure water tank is introduced into the secondary reverse osmosis device through the secondary high-pressure pump; and water in the secondary pure water tank is introduced into the EDI system through a tertiary high-pressure pump.
10. The hospital emergency water supply system of claim 1, wherein an immersion type ultraviolet sterilizer is provided in the first stage pure water tank, the second stage pure water tank and the third stage pure water tank;
the wavelength of the immersed ultraviolet sterilizer is 240-280 nm, and the illumination intensity is 150-250 MJ/cm2。
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| CN202011619412.5A CN112591964A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Hospital emergency water supply system |
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| CN202011619412.5A CN112591964A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Hospital emergency water supply system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113105044A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 湖南龙新净水科技有限公司 | Central pure water centralized quality-dividing system for hospitals |
| CN113105042A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 湖南龙新净水科技有限公司 | Central pure water centralized quality-divided water supply system for hospitals |
| CN115490373A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-20 | 赫拉环境保护技术有限公司 | Waste liquid materialization processing system |
-
2020
- 2020-12-30 CN CN202011619412.5A patent/CN112591964A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113105044A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 湖南龙新净水科技有限公司 | Central pure water centralized quality-dividing system for hospitals |
| CN113105042A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-13 | 湖南龙新净水科技有限公司 | Central pure water centralized quality-divided water supply system for hospitals |
| CN115490373A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-20 | 赫拉环境保护技术有限公司 | Waste liquid materialization processing system |
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