CN112591878A - Energy-saving MBR (membrane bioreactor) membrane device and membrane filtration method - Google Patents
Energy-saving MBR (membrane bioreactor) membrane device and membrane filtration method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving MBR membrane device for solving the problem of high operation energy consumption of an MBR membrane device in the prior art, which comprises a filtering membrane pool, a flat membrane element, a vacuum suction mechanism, a backwashing mechanism, a hydraulic shearing structure and a blast diffusion mechanism; the hydraulic shearing structure is provided with a jet pipe; the jet pipe is arranged on the two side surfaces of the top of each flat membrane element along the length direction of the top of the flat membrane element; and the aeration part of the blast diffusion mechanism is positioned below the flat membrane element. The invention also discloses a membrane filtration method based on the energy-saving MBR membrane device. The invention provides an energy-saving MBR (membrane bioreactor) membrane device, which is based on the filterable characteristic of biochemical mixed liquid and combines the shape and the use characteristic of a flat membrane original piece, thereby reducing the use energy consumption. The invention also provides a membrane filtration method, which can ensure stable operation of the MBR membrane and effectively reduce the energy consumption of system operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of membrane separation, in particular to an energy-saving MBR (membrane bioreactor) membrane device and a membrane filtration method.
Background
The membrane filtration is a filtration means with high separation efficiency and excellent filtration quality. The development is particularly rapid in the water treatment industry, and the separation objects can cover the separation among millimeter particles, micron particles and even nano particles and ions. In the last two decades, with the development of global economy and the expansion of industrial technology, more and more industries are used.
MBR membrane sewage treatment process is widely applied in modern sewage treatment, and becomes a well-known high-efficiency membrane separation technology and biological treatment technology. The MBR membrane device can greatly ensure the interception of biochemical sludge in the membrane tank in the use process, thereby optimizing a biochemical system. But the high-concentration biochemical sludge is used as a trapped substance and forms a pollution layer on the surface of the membrane. At present, in order to solve the pollution condition, a large amount of blast gas is generally consumed, steam-water mixture formed by the blast gas is utilized to scrub the membrane surface, and the formed turbulence effect can prevent sludge from forming a thick sludge layer on the membrane surface, so that the method becomes a well-known effective method. However, from the practical result, the method is subject to a certain dispute due to the effect problem thereof, and many experts and companies in the industry are also working on solving the problems. For example, patent CN107082532A provides an MBR membrane device with strong sewage treatment capacity, improved utilization of space ratio, ensured quality, and created with certain pretreatment and impact resistance; patent CN104591389A discloses an online automatic cleaning MBR membrane sewage treatment system; patent CN103755100A discloses a method for solving MBR membrane blockage and a treatment system of a composite MBR membrane biological reaction system.
In the research, various anti-pollution means of the membrane are discussed from the practical use angle of the MBR membrane, but the related methods are based on the continuous aeration idea to delay the attachment of the pollutants on the membrane surface, so that the pollution trend of the membrane surface is reduced. Because the continuous aeration energy consumption not only bears the stirring function in the membrane tank, but also can form higher gas-liquid mixture flow velocity, the energy consumption of the MBR membrane device cannot be effectively reduced fundamentally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy-saving MBR membrane device, aiming at solving the problem of high operation energy consumption of the MBR membrane device in the prior art, and the device is based on the filterable characteristic of biochemical mixed liquid and combines the shape and the use characteristic of a flat membrane original piece to reduce the use energy consumption.
The invention also provides a membrane filtration method, which can ensure stable operation of the MBR membrane and effectively reduce the energy consumption of system operation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an energy-saving MBR membrane device, comprising
A filtration membrane tank;
the flat membrane elements are arranged in an array form and are arranged in the filtering membrane pool along the depth direction of the filtering membrane pool;
a vacuum suction mechanism connected to the flat sheet membrane element;
the backwashing mechanism is connected with the flat membrane element;
a hydraulic shearing mechanism having a jet pipe; the jet flow pipes are arranged on the surfaces of two sides of the top of each flat membrane element along the length direction of the top end of the flat membrane element, and a row of jet flow holes are formed in the pipe wall of each jet flow pipe at equal intervals at the position adjacent to the surface of the flat membrane element;
and the aeration part of the blast diffusion mechanism is positioned below the flat membrane element.
In one embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further comprises
The film frame is provided with a first working area, a second working area and a third working area which are communicated from top to bottom; the flat sheet membrane element is installed in the first working area; the aeration part of the blast diffusion mechanism is arranged in the second working area;
and the water collecting header is connected with the flat membrane element and the vacuum suction mechanism.
In one embodiment of the present application, the vacuum pumping mechanism includes a suction pump and a first valve.
In one embodiment of the present application, the backwash mechanism includes a backwash pump and a second valve.
In one embodiment of the present application, the hydraulic shearing mechanism further comprises a booster pump and a hydraulic main pipe, and the hydraulic main pipe is connected with the jet pipe.
In one embodiment of the present application, the water jet direction of the jet hole is downward and parallel to the surface of the flat membrane element.
In an embodiment of this application, blast air diffusion mechanism includes aeration seat, aeration head and aeration fan, the aeration seat is installed dull and stereotyped membrane element below, the aeration head is installed on the aeration seat, the aeration fan with the aeration seat is connected.
In an embodiment of this application, still include mud rabbling mechanism, mud rabbling mechanism installs bottom in the filtration membrane pond.
In one embodiment of the present application, the sludge stirring mechanism comprises
The mounting seat is mounted at the bottom of the filtering membrane pool;
dive mixer, dive mixer is detachable installs on the mount pad, its stirring axial direction orientation flat sheet element's width direction.
A membrane filtration method based on an energy-saving MBR membrane device comprises the following steps
Step 1, continuously introducing wastewater into a filtering membrane pool to form biochemical mixed liquor;
step 2, filtering and separating clear water through a flat membrane element, pumping out the clear water, and gradually accumulating the surface of the flat membrane element to form a sludge thin film layer;
step 4, after clean water is reversely injected into the flat membrane element for a period of time, backwashing is stopped, high-speed jet flow is released, and aeration is carried out at the same time;
and 5, after releasing the high-speed jet flow and aerating for a period of time, stopping releasing the high-speed jet flow and aerating, and repeating the steps.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides an energy-saving MBR membrane device, aiming at solving the problem of high operation energy consumption of the MBR membrane device in the prior art. The device comprises a filtering membrane pool, a flat membrane element, a hydraulic shearing mechanism, a blast diffusion mechanism, a vacuum suction mechanism, a backwashing mechanism and the like. The device provided by the invention is based on the filterable characteristic of biochemical mixed liquid, combines the shape and use characteristic of a flat membrane original, forms a sludge thin layer close to a closed state on a flat membrane element in a static deposition mode, forms a dynamic water cushion layer between the surface of the flat membrane element and the sludge thin layer through backwashing, completes the stripping of the sludge thin layer, further completes the tearing of the sludge thin layer through a hydraulic shearing mechanism, and completes the rapid dispersion through an air blast diffusion mechanism. Compared with the traditional MBR membrane device, continuous aeration is not adopted, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
2. The invention also provides a membrane filtration method based on the energy-saving MBR membrane device, which can ensure stable operation of the MBR membrane and effectively reduce the energy consumption of system operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving MBR membrane device in an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy-saving MBR membrane device in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of the combined structure of the membrane module, the hydraulic shearing mechanism, the blowing and diffusing mechanism, the sludge stirring mechanism, the vacuum pumping mechanism and the backwashing mechanism in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combined structure of a membrane module, a hydraulic shearing mechanism, an air blast diffusion mechanism, a sludge stirring mechanism, a vacuum suction mechanism and a backwashing mechanism in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the membrane module, the hydraulic shearing mechanism, the blowing and diffusing mechanism, the vacuum suction mechanism and the backwashing mechanism in the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a combined structure of a flat membrane element, a blast diffusion mechanism and a jet pipe in the embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the energy-saving MBR membrane device in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to solve the problem of high operation energy consumption of the MBR membrane device in the prior art, the present embodiment provides an energy-saving MBR membrane device, and the structure of the device is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. The device comprises a filtering membrane pool 1, a membrane component 2, a hydraulic shearing mechanism 3, an air blast diffusion mechanism 4, a sludge stirring mechanism 5, a vacuum suction mechanism 6, a backwashing mechanism 7 and a clean water pool 8. The filtering membrane tank 1 is a temporary storage space for biochemical mixed liquid such as waste water, concentrated water, sludge and the like. The membrane component 2 is a main component for separating biochemical mixed liquid, clear water is filtered, and substances intercepted on the surface are accumulated to form a sludge film layer. The hydraulic shearing mechanism 3 is used for tearing the sludge film layer formed on the membrane component 2 and making the sludge film layer be re-dispersed in the biochemical mixed liquid. The blast diffusion mechanism 4 is used for accelerating the dispersion process of the sludge film layer in the biochemical mixed liquid. The sludge stirring mechanism 5 is used for ensuring that the sludge in the biochemical mixed liquid does not have obvious sedimentation phenomenon. The vacuum pumping mechanism 6 is used for forming negative pressure and pumping away separated clear water. And the backwashing mechanism 7 is used for backwashing to realize sludge film layer stripping. The clean water tank 8 is used for storing separated clean water.
Specifically, the filtration membrane tank 1 has a certain depth and volume. The waste water, the concentrated water, the sludge and the like are collected in the filtering membrane tank 1 and mixed with the microbial community to form biochemical mixed liquid. The top of the filtering membrane pool 1 is provided with a wastewater inlet pipe 11 for leading in wastewater. The lower part of the side wall of the filtering membrane tank 1 is provided with a waste discharge port 12 for leading out sludge and the like in the filtering membrane tank 1.
And the clear water tank 8 is used for collecting and storing clear water.
And the membrane assembly 2 is arranged in the filtering membrane pool 1 and is used as a main component for separating and filtering biochemical mixed liquid, as shown in attached figures 3-6. One or more membrane modules 2 can be simultaneously installed in the filtering membrane pool 1. In this embodiment, one membrane module is exemplified. When the membrane module 2 is installed in the filtering membrane pool 1, the membrane module is immersed below the liquid level of the biochemical mixed liquid.
The membrane module 2 includes a membrane frame 21, a flat sheet membrane element 22 and a header 23.
The membrane frame 21 has a rectangular frame structure made of a corrosion-resistant material such as a stainless steel pipe. Along the depth direction of the filtering membrane pool 1, from top to bottom, the inside of the membrane frame 21 is provided with a first working area 211, a second working area 212 and a third working area 213 which are communicated with each other. That is, the first and second working zones 211 and 212 are spaced apart from the top and bottom of the filtration membrane tank 1.
The flat membrane element 22 has a filtering precision of 50 nm-400 nm, the periphery of the flat membrane element is sealed, and a water pumping interface is reserved at the top end of the flat membrane element. Along the depth direction of the filtering membrane pool 1, a plurality of flat membrane elements 22 are arranged in parallel and at equal intervals in the first working area 211 to form a separation membrane array. In the separation membrane array, the gaps between adjacent flat membrane elements 22 are regular empty flow channels 221. The size of the gap between adjacent flat membrane elements 22. The vacant channel 221 has no shielding objects at the upper, lower, left and right sides, the biochemical mixed liquid can freely enter the vacant channel 221 to contact with the flat membrane element 22, and a sludge thin film layer formed on the surface of the flat membrane element 22 can be freely diffused into the biochemical mixed liquid.
And a water collecting header 23 installed on the top of the membrane frame 21. The water pumping ports at the top end of each flat membrane element 22 are connected with a uniform water collecting header 26. The clear water filtered and separated by each flat membrane element 22 is collected in the water collecting pipe 23 and then is extracted, or the backwashing clear water is injected into the water collecting pipe 23 and is shunted to each flat membrane element 22.
When the membrane module 2 is used for filtration and separation, clean water passes through the membrane holes on the surface of the flat-plate membrane element 22 and enters the interior of the flat-plate membrane element 22. The substances in the biochemical mixed liquid larger than the pore diameter of the membrane pores are intercepted by the flat membrane element 22. As the separation of the clear water continues, the materials retained by the flat membrane elements 22 will gradually accumulate to form a sludge thin film layer with stable structure and relatively constant water permeability. When the membrane module 2 is backwashed, a water cushion layer is gradually formed between the sludge thin film layer and the surface of the flat membrane element 22 because the water permeability of the sludge thin film layer is relatively constant, namely the speed of clear water continuously overflowing from the inside to the outside when the flat membrane element 22 reversely passes through the sludge thin film layer is also relatively constant. The pressure of the water cushion layer is gradually increased, and the sludge film layer is gradually and completely peeled off from the surface of the flat membrane element 22.
The hydraulic shearing mechanism 3 is used for forming jet flow on the surface of each flat membrane element 22, accelerating the separation of a sludge thin film layer formed by the surface interception of the flat membrane element 22 from the surface of the flat membrane element 22 and entering the vacant flow channel 221, and accelerating the tearing and rapid dispersion of the sludge thin film layer.
The hydraulic shearing mechanism 3 comprises a jet pipe 31, a hydraulic main pipe 32 and a booster pump 33, as shown in the attached figures 3-6.
The jet pipe 31 is closed at both ends and is attached to both top side surfaces of the flat membrane element 22 along the length direction of the top end of the flat membrane element 22. Namely, the top of the two side surfaces of each flat membrane element 22 is correspondingly provided with a jet pipe 31. The length of the jet pipe 31 is the same as the length of the top end of the flat membrane element 22, or is slightly larger than the length of the top end of the flat membrane element 22, or is slightly smaller than the length of the top end of the flat membrane element 22. Along the length direction of the jet pipe 31, a row of jet holes are arranged on the pipe wall of the jet pipe 31 at equal intervals, and the part is close to the surface of the flat membrane element 22. The water jet direction of the jet hole is downward and parallel to the surface of the flat membrane element 22.
And the hydraulic manifold 32 is arranged on the top of the membrane frame 21. Each jet pipe 31 is connected to a hydraulic main 32.
And the booster pump 33 is arranged outside the filtering membrane pool 1, and the output end of the booster pump is connected with the hydraulic main pipe 32.
When the membrane module 2 is backwashed, backwashing is firstly supplied for cleaning, and a water cushion layer is formed between the sludge membrane layer and the surface of the flat membrane element 22 gradually. When the pressure in the water cushion layer rises to a certain value, the hydraulic shearing mechanism 3 is started to work. The booster pump 33 boosts the clear water and sends the boosted clear water to the hydraulic main pipe 33, then the boosted clear water is divided into each jet pipe 31 and is released from the jet hole in a high-speed jet mode, and the sludge film layer separated from the surface of the flat plate membrane element 22 is torn and dispersed. The high-speed jet flow is sprayed in a direction parallel to the surface of the flat membrane element 22, and the diffusion action area of the high-speed jet flow is superposed with the surface of the flat membrane element 22, so that the surface of the flat membrane element 22 is scrubbed.
And the blast diffusion mechanism 4 is arranged in the second working area and is matched with the hydraulic shearing mechanism 3 to accelerate the diffusion of the sludge film layer torn in the vacant flow passage in the biochemical mixed liquid.
The air blast diffusing mechanism 4 includes an aeration head 41, an aeration base 42, and an aeration fan 43.
The aeration base 42 is formed by connecting a plurality of tubes in parallel, each tube being arranged in the width direction of the flat membrane element 22 and located on both sides of the projection below the flat membrane element 22. That is, each empty flow channel 221 and the outer lower portion of the two flat plate membrane elements 22 located at the outermost side of the membrane module 2 are provided with a tube.
A plurality of aeration heads 41 are uniformly arranged on the aeration seat 43.
And the aeration fan 43 is arranged outside the filtering membrane tank 1, and the output end of the aeration fan is connected with the aeration seat 42.
When the membrane component 2 is backwashed, the hydraulic shearing mechanism 3 and the blast diffusion mechanism 4 are started to work synchronously. The high velocity jets tear the thin layer of sludge film detached from the surface of the flat sheet membrane element 22. The air bubbles generated by the blast diffusion mechanism 4 in the vacant flow channel 221 disturb to accelerate the tearing and dispersing process of the sludge thin film layer, and the sludge thin film layer is re-dispersed into the biochemical mixed liquid.
Sludge stirring mechanism 5 installs near the bottom edge in filtering membrane pond 1, realizes stirring and the solute is even of biochemical mixed liquid in filtering membrane pond 1 to make the biochemical mud in filtering membrane pond not take place obvious deposit phenomenon.
The sludge stirring mechanism 5 includes a mounting base 51 and a submersible stirrer 52.
And the mounting seat 51 is mounted at the bottom edge of the filtering membrane pool 1.
The submersible agitator 52 is detachably mounted on the mounting seat 51, and the axial center of the agitator is parallel to the surface of the flat membrane element 22, namely, faces the width direction of the flat membrane element 22.
The submersible mixer 52 works to stir the biochemical mixed liquid in the filtering membrane pool 1 to flow along the inner wall of the filtering membrane pool 1 to form a circular flow.
And the vacuum suction mechanism 6 is arranged outside the filtering membrane pool 1 and is connected with the water collecting header 23 and is used for forming a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the flat membrane element 22. The clean water passes through the membrane holes of the flat membrane element 22 and is pumped by the vacuum pumping mechanism 6 to the clean water tank 8.
The vacuum suction mechanism 6 includes a suction pump 61 and a first valve 52.
The outlet end of the suction pump 61 is connected to the upper part of the clean water tank 8, and the inlet end thereof is connected to the water collecting header 23.
And a first valve 62 installed on a pipe connected to the water collecting header 23 at an inlet end of the suction pump 61.
When the membrane module 2 performs filtration, the suction pump 61 is operated. The suction action of suction pump 61 causes a pressure differential between the interior and exterior of flat membrane element 22. Clean water enters the flat membrane element 22 through the membrane pores under a pressure difference, and the suction pump 61 continuously pumps out. The substances larger than the pore diameter of the membrane pores are intercepted by the flat membrane element 22, and a sludge thin film layer with stable structure and relatively constant water permeability is formed after accumulation.
And a backwashing mechanism 7 connected in parallel with the vacuum pumping mechanism 6. The backwashing mechanism 7 is arranged outside the sub-filtration membrane tank 1 and connected with a water collecting pipe 23 to supply water to the flat membrane element 22 in a reverse direction, and a water cushion layer is formed between the sludge thin film layer and the surface of the flat membrane element 22.
The backwash mechanism 7 includes a backwash pump 71 and a second valve 72.
The outlet end of the backwash pump 71 is connected to the water collection header 23, and the inlet end thereof is connected to the lower portion of the clean water tank 8.
And a second valve 72 installed on a pipe connected to the outlet of the backwash pump 71 and the water collection header 23.
When the membrane module 2 is backwashed, the suction pump 61 is stopped, the first valve 62 is closed, the second valve is opened, and the backwash pump 71 is started. The backwashing pump 71 reversely pumps clean water into the flat membrane element 22, and the clean water reversely passes through the membrane holes and the sludge membrane layer on the flat membrane element 22 to flow to the filtering membrane tank 1, so that a water cushion layer is formed between the sludge membrane layer and the surface of the flat membrane element 22. After the backwashing mechanism 7 operates for a period of time, the operation is stopped, and the pressure of the water cushion layer stops increasing.
As shown in fig. 7, the device in this embodiment is based on the filterable property of the biochemical mixed liquid itself, and combines the shape and use property of the flat membrane original, forms a sludge thin layer close to a closed state on the flat membrane element by means of static deposition, forms a dynamic water cushion layer between the surface of the flat membrane element and the sludge thin layer by backwashing, completes the stripping of the sludge thin layer, and further completes the tearing of the sludge thin layer by the hydraulic shearing mechanism, and completes the rapid dispersion by the blast diffusion mechanism. Compared with the traditional MBR membrane device, continuous aeration is not adopted, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced.
For example, the major electrical utilities of some existing MBR membrane devices are aeration fans, suction pumps, and backwash pumps. Wherein the power of the aeration fan is 20kw, and the aeration fan works for 24 hours in a single day. The suction pump was powered at 5kw and operated for 23h cumulatively on a single day. The power of the backwashing pump is 8kw, and the backwashing pump works for 1 hour in a single-day accumulation mode.
The total electricity consumption of the MBR membrane device which continuously works all the year around is about:
(20 × 24+5 × 23+8 × 1) × 365 × 1=220095 yuan.
Wherein the electricity consumption for aeration is about:
20, 24, 365, 1=175200 yuan, and the aeration electricity accounts for 79.60% of the total annual electricity consumption.
For treating the same wastewater and meeting the same requirement of clear water, the energy-saving MBR membrane device in the embodiment mainly uses aeration fans, suction pumps, backwashing pumps and submersible mixers as electric equipment.
Wherein the power of the aeration fan is 20kw, and the aeration fan works for 1 hour in a single day. The suction pump was powered at 5kw and operated for 23h cumulatively on a single day. The power of the backwashing pump is 8kw, and the backwashing pump works for 1 hour in a single-day accumulation mode. The power of the submersible mixer is 4kw, and the single-day cumulative work lasts 24 h.
The total electricity consumption of the energy-saving MBR membrane device which continuously works all the year around is about:
(20 × 1+5 × 23+8 × 1+4 × 24) × 365 × 1=87253 yuan.
Wherein, the electricity consumption for aeration is about:
20 x 1 x 365 x 1=7300 yuan, and the aeration electricity accounts for 8.37% of the total annual electricity consumption.
The electric power consumption of the submersible stirring is about:
4 24, 365, 1=35040, and the power consumption of the submersible stirring accounts for 40.16% of the total annual power consumption.
The total power consumption of aeration and submersible stirring accounts for 48.53 percent of the total annual power consumption.
Energy-conserving MBR membrane device compares with current MBR membrane device, can the using electricity wisely throughout the year:
220095 and 87253=132842 yuan, the saving rate is 60.35%.
Wherein, the aeration can save electricity all the year:
175200 and 7300=167900 yuan, the saving rate is 95.83%.
The energy-saving MBR membrane device in the embodiment has obvious advantages.
Based on the energy-saving MBR membrane device in this embodiment, this embodiment further provides a membrane filtration method, including the following steps:
step 1, continuously introducing the wastewater into a filtering membrane tank 1 to form a biochemical mixed solution and maintain the solute of the biochemical mixed solution to be uniform;
step 2, filtering and separating clear water through the flat membrane element 22, pumping the clear water by utilizing negative pressure, and gradually accumulating the surface of the flat membrane element 22 to form a sludge thin film layer;
step 4, reversely injecting clear water into the flat membrane element 22 for a certain time, for example, 1-3 min, stopping backwashing, releasing high-speed jet flow, and aerating;
and 5, after releasing the high-speed jet flow and aerating for a period of time, for example, 1-5 min, stopping releasing the high-speed jet flow and aerating, and repeating the steps.
The membrane filtration method in the embodiment can ensure stable operation of the MBR membrane and effectively reduce energy consumption of system operation.
Claims (10)
1. An energy-conserving MBR membrane device which characterized in that: comprises that
A filtration membrane tank;
the flat membrane elements are arranged in an array form and are arranged in the filtering membrane pool along the depth direction of the filtering membrane pool;
a vacuum suction mechanism connected to the flat sheet membrane element;
the backwashing mechanism is connected with the flat membrane element;
a hydraulic shearing mechanism having a jet pipe; the jet flow pipes are arranged on the surfaces of two sides of the top of each flat membrane element along the length direction of the top end of the flat membrane element, and a row of jet flow holes are formed in the pipe wall of each jet flow pipe at equal intervals at the position adjacent to the surface of the flat membrane element;
and the aeration part of the blast diffusion mechanism is positioned below the flat membrane element.
2. The energy efficient MBR membrane unit of claim 1, further comprising
The film frame is provided with a first working area, a second working area and a third working area which are communicated from top to bottom; the flat sheet membrane element is installed in the first working area; the aeration part of the blast diffusion mechanism is arranged in the second working area;
and the water collecting header is connected with the flat membrane element and the vacuum suction mechanism.
3. The energy efficient MBR membrane unit according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum suction mechanism includes a suction pump and a first valve.
4. The energy efficient MBR membrane device of claim 1, wherein the backwash mechanism comprises a backwash pump and a second valve.
5. The energy efficient MBR membrane unit according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic shear mechanism further comprises a booster pump and a hydraulic manifold connected to the jet pipe.
6. The energy efficient MBR membrane unit according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the water jet direction of the jet holes is downward and parallel to the surface of the flat plate membrane element.
7. The energy-saving MBR membrane device according to claim 1, wherein the air blast diffusing mechanism comprises an aeration base, an aeration head and an aeration fan, the aeration base is installed below the flat membrane element, the aeration head is installed on the aeration base, and the aeration fan is connected with the aeration base.
8. The energy-saving MBR membrane device according to claim 1, further comprising a sludge stirring mechanism, wherein the sludge stirring mechanism is installed at the bottom inside the filtering membrane tank.
9. The energy efficient MBR membrane unit of claim 8, wherein the sludge agitation mechanism comprises
The mounting seat is mounted at the bottom of the filtering membrane pool;
dive mixer, dive mixer is detachable installs on the mount pad, its stirring axial direction orientation flat sheet element's width direction.
10. The membrane filtration method of the energy-saving MBR membrane device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized by comprising the following steps
Step 1, continuously introducing wastewater into a filtering membrane pool to form biochemical mixed liquor;
step 2, filtering and separating clear water through a flat membrane element, pumping out the clear water, and gradually accumulating the surface of the flat membrane element to form a sludge thin film layer;
step 3, monitoring the pressure in the flat membrane element, stopping filtering and backwashing when the pressure reaches a certain value, and injecting clean water into the flat membrane element;
step 4, reversely injecting clear water into the flat membrane element for a period of time, stopping backwashing, releasing high-speed jet flow, and aerating;
and 5, after releasing the high-speed jet flow and aerating for a period of time, stopping releasing the high-speed jet flow and aerating, and repeating the steps.
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