CN112590220A - Electrode cap design method, manufacturing method and system based on 3D skull model - Google Patents
Electrode cap design method, manufacturing method and system based on 3D skull model Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- G06T2207/10081—Computed x-ray tomography [CT]
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method, a manufacturing method and a system of an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model, wherein the design method comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out binarization and region growing processing on a CT image or an MRI image of the head of a user to obtain the 3D skull model of the user, carrying out surface cleaning processing on the 3D skull model, carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning processing, and determining the position coordinates of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rules; and finally, exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file, and printing out the corresponding electrode cap in a 3D mode. Therefore, the invention realizes the design of the personalized electrode cap aiming at the head characteristics of different users, so that the designed electrode cap can be better attached to the head of the user, and the EEG signal measurement is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrode cap design and 3D printing technology, in particular to an electrode cap design method, a manufacturing method and a system based on a 3D skull model.
Background
With the development of the technology, more and more researches are developed based on the development, and the electroencephalogram acquisition technology is also applied to various aspects, such as detection of brain injury of a newborn, monitoring of human emotion, judgment of mental diseases, education psychology and the like. And along with the continuous promotion of clinical demand, the continuous extension of EEG function has also promoted gradually the requirement to each item performance of EEG signal collection system for EEG signal collection system's design and manufacturing have to make a balance in aspects such as cost, precision, convenience, user experience.
At present, for convenient and fast ground collection EEG signal, electrode cap has advantages such as equipment cost is low, portable, wear convenient to use swift as front end collection equipment usually, but the vast majority of present electrode cap still adopts the elastic cord to make up, and the position of hardly guaranteeing every electrode for the user of difference when using all satisfies the collection precision, needs artifical long-time debugging moreover.
Therefore, there is a need to design a personalized electrode cap solution for different user head characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to: the design method of the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model is provided, the design of the personalized electrode cap aiming at the head characteristics of different users is realized, the designed electrode cap can be better attached to the head of the user, and the EEG signal measurement is more accurate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a design method of an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a CT image or an MRI image of the head of a user;
s2: carrying out binarization processing on the obtained image to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
s3: performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
s4: performing surface repairing treatment on the 3D skull model;
s5: performing three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model subjected to the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinates of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule;
s6: and exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing of the corresponding electrode cap.
According to a specific implementation mode, in the electrode cap design method based on the 3D skull model, MIMICS software is adopted to realize the binarization processing, the region growing processing and the surface cleaning processing.
According to a specific implementation mode, in the electrode cap design method based on the 3D skull model, when the three-dimensional modeling of the electrode cap is performed based on the 3D skull model after the surface modification treatment, the outer surface of the 3D skull model is used as the inner surface of the electrode cap, and the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap is obtained based on the outward uniform expansion of the inner surface of the electrode cap.
Further, after the position coordinates of each electrode on the electrode cap three-dimensional model are determined, the electrode cap three-dimensional model is subjected to hollow-out processing, and the electrode cap three-dimensional model based on the electrode mounting frame is obtained.
According to a specific implementation mode, in the electrode cap design method based on the 3D skull model, the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap is further provided with a reference point position for determining whether the electrode cap is worn correctly when in use.
In an aspect of specific implementation, the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model, which includes: and obtaining a 3D printing format file derived by using the electrode cap design method based on the 3D skull model, and 3D printing a corresponding electrode cap according to the 3D printing format file and the preset 3D printing technical parameters.
According to a specific embodiment, in the electrode cap manufacturing method based on the 3D skull model, SLA 3D printing technology is adopted for 3D printing, and photosensitive resin materials are adopted as printing materials.
According to a specific implementation mode, in the electrode cap manufacturing method based on the 3D skull model, the electrodes mounted on the electrode cap are pure silver plated silver chloride electrodes.
In an aspect of specific implementation, the present invention further provides an electrode cap design system based on a 3D skull model, which includes:
the binarization processing module is used for carrying out binarization processing on the obtained CT image or MRI image of the head of the user to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
the region growing module is used for performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
the surface modification module is used for performing surface modification treatment on the 3D skull model;
the three-dimensional modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinate of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule; and exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing out the corresponding electrode cap.
In an aspect of specific implementation, the present invention further provides a system for manufacturing an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model, comprising:
the binarization processing module is used for carrying out binarization processing on the obtained CT image or MRI image of the head of the user to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
the region growing module is used for performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
the surface modification module is used for performing surface modification treatment on the 3D skull model;
the three-dimensional modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinate of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule; exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing of the corresponding electrode cap;
and the SLA 3D printer is used for 3D printing out the corresponding electrode cap according to the 3D printing format file and the preset 3D printing technical parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to an electrode cap design method based on a 3D skull model, which comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out binarization and region growing processing on a CT image or an MRI image of the head of a user to obtain the 3D skull model of the user, carrying out surface cleaning processing on the 3D skull model, carrying out electrode cap three-dimensional modeling on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning processing, and determining the position coordinates of each electrode on the electrode cap three-dimensional model according to electrode placement rules; and finally, exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file, and printing out the corresponding electrode cap in a 3D mode. Therefore, the invention realizes the design of the personalized electrode cap aiming at the head characteristics of different users, so that the designed electrode cap can be better attached to the head of the user, and the EEG signal measurement is more accurate.
2. The electrode cap manufacturing method based on the 3D skull model is characterized in that 3D printing format files derived by the electrode cap designing method based on the 3D skull model are utilized, SLA 3D printing technology is used for 3D printing, and photosensitive resin materials are used as printing materials. Therefore, the electrode cap manufactured by the method has strong impact resistance and is environment-friendly, and the 3D printing speed is high and the precision is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the design method of the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of electrode placement for the International 10-20 System;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of an electrode cap and a manufactured electrode cap according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a design method of an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a CT image or an MRI image of the head of a user; specifically, the MIMICS software is used for performing subsequent processing on the image, that is, a CT image or an MRI image file of the user head is imported into the MIMICS software, and as the MIMICS software integrates a plurality of modules for processing various medical images, the basic modules of the MIMICS software include: the image acquisition system comprises an image importing module, an image segmentation module, an image visualization module, an image registration module and an image measurement module.
S2: carrying out binarization processing on the obtained image to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user; specifically, in order to obtain a 3D skull model, the skull region needs to be delineated. Therefore, the skull region is delineated by adopting a gray segmentation mode, threshold analysis is carried out by utilizing the self-contained function of MIMICS software, and the proper threshold is selected. All gray values are retained for pixels between the upper and lower bounds by the segmentation mask by determining the upper and lower bounds of the gray values. For convenience in subsequent modeling operations, the minimum grayscale value is set to 29-88.
S3: performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user; specifically, the segmentation obtained by binarization can be divided into several blocks by using a region growing tool carried by MIMICS software, and floating pixels are removed at the same time. After the binarization processing in step S2, there are many unnecessary color patches and floating pixels in the image. Because the image does not contain structural information, the pixels are inevitably generated in the image recognition process, and in order to remove the unnecessary parts, the images of each layer need to be modified one by using a mirics own brush function.
S4: performing surface repairing treatment on the 3D skull model; specifically, since the model obtained after the above-described processing is very rough, there are many spikes, uneven portions, and physiologically non-existent structures. This is because the images do not contain tissue structure information, floating pixels are always present when generating a three-dimensional representation from CT or MRI data, and the resulting model contains many structures or voids that do not exist in practice, which is not directly amenable to finite element analysis and causes problems in subsequent processing. Therefore, the 3-matic software carried by MIMICS software is used for further processing, and the smooth surface can also reduce the computer amount. Meanwhile, in order to facilitate subsequent three-dimensional modeling of the electrode cap, the 3D skull model is exported to be a 3ds format file.
S5: and performing three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model subjected to the surface modification treatment, and determining the position coordinates of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule.
Specifically, the invention adopts the modeling software sketchup to carry out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap, and the motor arrangement rule of the invention adopts an international 10-20 system electrode arrangement diagram as shown in figure 2, namely, the electrode arrangement diagram is firstly connected with a front sagittal line and a rear sagittal line: nasion to occipital tuberosity, and then connecting the transverse line: the front point of the left ear is connected with the front point of the right ear through the middle point and finally connected with the side surface. The position ratio of the electrodes on each line follows 1:2:2:2:2: 1. Each electrode name number represents the meaning: the electrode number of the left brain is odd, and the electrode number of the right brain is even; represents an intermediate, such as: F3/C3 is the midpoint from the frontal lobe to the midpoint; -represents all points comprising these two points or connected, such as: F3-C3 represents all points between these two points. If the number of the electrodes needs to be increased, the standard is taken as the basis, and other electrodes are arranged between the electrodes of the original system. A certain minimum distance between the electrodes needs to be maintained.
Represents the letter:
f: frontal lobe (Frontal lobe)
Fp: forehead leaf (Frontal poles)
T: temporal lobe (Temporal lobes)
O: pillow leaf (Occipital lobes)
P: top leaf (Parietal leaves)
C: the center (Central) or sensory motor cortex (sensorimotor cortitex)
Z: zero (zero) i.e. left and right brain center
In practice, a 3D skull model file in the format of 3ds is imported into the sketchup, and in order to achieve a body-specific adaptation of the helmet and head, the outermost surface of the 3D skull model is customized and trimmed as the innermost surface of the electrode cap. At the same time, the surface is uniformly expanded outwardly so that there is a comfortable tolerance space between the head and the inner surface of the helmet, and then the surface is continuously expanded outwardly through the thickness of the liner and the composite shell to obtain the outer surface of the foam liner and the outer surface of the composite shell. Finally, the 3D skull model is removed, leaving only the electrode cap three-dimensional model.
Then, because the electrode cap does not need to completely cover the surface of the scalp when electroencephalogram signals are collected, in order to save cost, the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap is hollowed out to obtain the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap based on the electrode mounting frame, namely, unnecessary parts can be removed on the basis of the obtained three-dimensional model of the electrode cap, and only the frame part and the electrode placing position are left. According to the international 10-20 system electrode installation diagram shown in fig. 2, holes are drilled, the electrode positions are outlined, and then the parts are pushed, pulled and removed based on the size of the electrode, so that the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap based on the electrode installation frame is finally obtained as shown in fig. 3a and 3 b.
In order to facilitate the electrode cap to be worn correctly and quickly during actual use so as to ensure that electroencephalogram signals are collected accurately, the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap is also provided with a reference point position for determining whether the electrode cap is worn correctly during use. When the reference point is superposed with the corresponding part of the tested person, the electrode cap can be judged to be worn correctly. The reference points may be selected as: nasal root, anterior points of left and right ears, and occipital protuberance. By correctly aligning the four points, the spatial position of each electrode can be uniquely determined, and the subsequent processing of the electroencephalogram signals is greatly facilitated.
S6: and exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing of the corresponding electrode cap. Specifically, the electrode cap three-dimensional model is exported to an STL format file.
Therefore, the electrode cap design method based on the 3D skull model obtains the 3D skull model of the user by sequentially carrying out binarization and region growing processing on the CT image or the MRI image of the head of the user, then carries out surface cleaning processing on the 3D skull model, then carries out electrode cap three-dimensional modeling on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning processing, and determines the position coordinates of each electrode on the electrode cap three-dimensional model according to the electrode arrangement rules; and finally, exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file, and printing out the corresponding electrode cap in a 3D mode. Therefore, the invention realizes the design of the personalized electrode cap aiming at the head characteristics of different users, so that the designed electrode cap can be better attached to the head of the user, and the EEG signal measurement is more accurate.
In an aspect of specific implementation, the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model, which includes: and obtaining a 3D printing format file derived by using the electrode cap design method based on the 3D skull model, and 3D printing a corresponding electrode cap according to the 3D printing format file and the preset 3D printing technical parameters.
Specifically, in the electrode cap manufacturing method based on the 3D skull model, the printing material should be preferably high in strength and toughness based on the consideration of the design requirements of the electrode cap, and the cost problem is considered, so that the photosensitive resin material is selected. The photosensitive resin material has high strength and good impact resistance, is very environment-friendly and is suitable for manufacturing electrode caps. Meanwhile, for SLA materials, the SLA technology is high in forming speed and high in working stability, has high precision, and has advantages compared with the FMD technology and the SLS technology. Therefore, the 3D printing mode of the invention adopts an SLA 3D printing technology.
In the implementation, in the electrode cap manufacturing method based on the 3D skull model, the electrodes arranged on the electrode cap are pure silver plated silver chloride electrodes. The electrode can be widely used for measuring bioelectricity signals such as electroencephalogram, electrocardio, myoelectricity and the like, and has strong anti-interference performance and difficult polarization when being used as an electroencephalogram acquisition electrode; high measuring accuracy, low noise, repeated use and the like.
In an aspect of specific implementation, the present invention further provides an electrode cap design system based on a 3D skull model, which includes:
the binarization processing module is used for carrying out binarization processing on the obtained CT image or MRI image of the head of the user to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
the region growing module is used for performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
the surface modification module is used for performing surface modification treatment on the 3D skull model;
the three-dimensional modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinate of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule; and exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing out the corresponding electrode cap.
In an aspect of specific implementation, the present invention further provides a system for manufacturing an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model, comprising:
the binarization processing module is used for carrying out binarization processing on the obtained CT image or MRI image of the head of the user to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
the region growing module is used for performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
the surface modification module is used for performing surface modification treatment on the 3D skull model;
the three-dimensional modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinate of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule; exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing of the corresponding electrode cap;
and the SLA 3D printer is used for 3D printing out the corresponding electrode cap according to the 3D printing format file and the preset 3D printing technical parameters.
It should be understood that the disclosed system may be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of the modules into only one logical function may be implemented in another way, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the communication connection between the modules may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be electrical or in other forms.
In addition, functional modules in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules are integrated into one processing unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.
The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic or optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: acquiring a CT image or an MRI image of the head of a user;
s2: carrying out binarization processing on the obtained image to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
s3: performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
s4: performing surface repairing treatment on the 3D skull model;
s5: performing three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model subjected to the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinates of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule;
s6: and exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing of the corresponding electrode cap.
2. The 3D skull model-based electrode cap design method of claim 1, wherein the binarization process, the region growing process, and the surface modifying process are implemented using MIMICS software.
3. The method for designing the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model according to claim 1, wherein when the three-dimensional modeling of the electrode cap is performed based on the 3D skull model after the surface modification treatment, the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap is obtained by taking the outer surface of the 3D skull model as the inner surface of the electrode cap and uniformly extending the inner surface of the electrode cap outwards.
4. The 3D skull model-based electrode cap design method according to claim 3, wherein after the position coordinates of each electrode on the three-dimensional electrode cap model are determined, the three-dimensional electrode cap model is subjected to hollowing processing to obtain the three-dimensional electrode cap model based on the electrode mounting frame.
5. The 3D skull model-based electrode cap design method according to claim 4, wherein the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap is further provided with a datum position for determining whether the electrode cap is worn correctly in use.
6. A method for manufacturing an electrode cap based on a 3D skull model is characterized by comprising the following steps: acquiring a 3D printing format file derived by using the 3D skull model-based electrode cap design method according to any one of claims 1-5, and 3D printing a corresponding electrode cap according to the 3D printing format file and pre-configured 3D printing technical parameters.
7. The method for manufacturing the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model according to claim 6, wherein 3D printing is performed by using SLA 3D printing technology, and photosensitive resin material is used as printing material.
8. The method for manufacturing the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model according to claim 6, wherein the electrodes mounted on the electrode cap are pure silver plated silver chloride electrodes.
9. An electrode cap design system based on a 3D skull model, comprising:
the binarization processing module is used for carrying out binarization processing on the obtained CT image or MRI image of the head of the user to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
the region growing module is used for performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
the surface modification module is used for performing surface modification treatment on the 3D skull model;
the three-dimensional modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinate of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule; and exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing out the corresponding electrode cap.
10. An electrode cap manufacturing system based on a 3D skull model, comprising:
the binarization processing module is used for carrying out binarization processing on the obtained CT image or MRI image of the head of the user to obtain the surface contour of the head of the user;
the region growing module is used for performing region growing processing on the surface contour to obtain a 3D skull model of the head of the user;
the surface modification module is used for performing surface modification treatment on the 3D skull model;
the three-dimensional modeling module is used for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the electrode cap based on the 3D skull model after the surface cleaning treatment, and determining the position coordinate of each electrode on the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap according to the electrode placement rule; exporting the three-dimensional model of the electrode cap into a 3D printing format file for 3D printing of the corresponding electrode cap;
and the SLA 3D printer is used for 3D printing out the corresponding electrode cap according to the 3D printing format file and the preset 3D printing technical parameters.
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| CN113101517A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-13 | 中国医学科学院北京协和医院 | Implantable electrode device and preparation method thereof |
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