CN116035562A - Method and device for measuring head and face dimensions - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring head and face dimensions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a head and face size measurement method and device. Wherein the method comprises the following steps: three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of a target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object. The method and the device solve the technical problem that the accurate head and face size information of the pilot is difficult to obtain in the related technology, so that the size of the produced protective equipment is not applicable.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a head and face size measurement method and device.
Background
With the improvement of protection requirements and the update of technologies, the head wear equipment of pilots has a diversified and comprehensive development trend, and at present, the head individual protection equipment of pilots comprises flight protection helmets, oxygen supply masks, sighting devices, night vision goggles, laser protection glasses, head positioning devices and the like; with the improvement of the maneuvering performance and the integration of the headgear, the requirements of comfort and conformability of the protective equipment are continuously increased. Because of the large individual differences in shape and size of the head and face of a person, when designing protective equipment, particularly helmets and oxygen masks, different models must be divided to meet the basic requirements of fit and comfort for pilots when wearing.
However, in the related art, due to the lack of a technical scheme for efficiently acquiring accurate head and face size information of a pilot, enough reference data is not used as data support when the protective equipment is produced, the produced protective equipment has the problem that the size is not applicable, and the use experience of the pilot is poor.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a head and face size measuring method and device, which at least solve the technical problem that the size of the produced protective equipment is not applicable because the accurate head and face size information of a pilot is difficult to obtain in the related technology.
According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a head-face size measurement method including: three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of a target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
Optionally, the plurality of sets of bony stations includes: temporal ridge points, cheekbones points, tragus points, infraorbital points, mandibular corner points and extraoccipital Long Tudian; the multiple sets of non-bony stations include: head vertex, occipital point, cervical vertebra point, eyebrow point, cranial point, extraocular point, intraocular point, pupil point, ocular point, mouth point, chin point, ear point, front ear point, nose bridge point, nose midpoint, nose point, nose wing point and nose tip point.
Optionally, before three-dimensional scanning is performed on the head and face of the target object, determining the positions of multiple groups of osseous measurement points of the head and face of the target object; a target mark is added at the positions of the multiple groups of osseous measuring points, wherein the target mark is a mark identifiable by the scanning device.
Optionally, before determining the target measurement point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, preprocessing the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the preprocessing at least comprises one of the following steps: grid hole filling processing is carried out on the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target hole filling algorithm, wherein the target hole filling algorithm at least comprises: a poisson reconstruction algorithm; denoising and fairing the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target fairing algorithm, wherein the target fairing algorithm at least comprises: laplace fairing algorithm.
Optionally, determining the target measurement point in the three-dimensional point cloud model includes: determining a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model according to the marks added in advance; and determining a plurality of groups of non-bone measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target measuring point identification algorithm, wherein the target measuring point identification algorithm at least comprises one of the following steps: the method is characterized by combining a constraint relation between a human head proportion relation and a target measuring point, carrying out a measuring point recognition algorithm based on characteristics, calculating and recognizing extreme points, and carrying out an anatomical simulation recognition algorithm.
Optionally, the plurality of target measurement items includes: a linear distance measurement item and a curve length measurement item, wherein the linear distance measurement item includes: maximum head, maximum width outside two ears, minimum forehead, face width, width between two trails, width between two mandibular angles, width outside two eyes, width inside two eyes, interpupillary distance, width in nose, width in mouth, face length, shape face length, chin face length, nose height, nose length, nose depth, face ear length, face ear width, nose depth, neck length, head height, eye top height, head ear height, nose tip occipital distance, eye occipital distance and tragus occipital distance; the curve length measurement items include: head circumference, head crown circumference, head sagittal arc length, top neck arc length between eyebrows, head crown arc length, forehead arc length between tragus points and chin arc length between tragus points.
Optionally, measuring a plurality of target measurement items of the three-dimensional point cloud model according to the target measurement points includes: for any linear distance measurement item, calculating the linear distance between target measuring points associated with the linear distance measurement item; for any curve length measurement item, the intersection of the cross section defined by the curve length measurement item and the three-dimensional point cloud model is calculated, a three-dimensional point set corresponding to the cross section line is obtained, the three-dimensional point set is converted into a plane point set under a plane coordinate system corresponding to the cross section, the convex hull of the plane point set is determined according to a plane scanning method, and the length of the convex hull boundary is determined.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a head-face dimension measuring apparatus including: the scanning module is used for carrying out three-dimensional scanning on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; the determining module is used for constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of the target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data and determining target measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring points comprise: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and the measurement module is used for measuring a plurality of target measurement items of the three-dimensional point cloud model according to the target measurement points to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a nonvolatile storage medium including a stored program, where a device in which the nonvolatile storage medium is located executes the above-described head-face size measurement method by running the program.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided an electronic device including: a memory, and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the processor being configured to perform the head-to-face size measurement method described above by the computer program.
In the embodiment of the application, firstly, three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and face of a target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; then constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of the target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and finally, measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measuring points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object. The target measuring point and the target measuring item are both determined by optimizing relevant standards according to the use requirement of the protective equipment, and the acquired size data better meet the actual requirement; meanwhile, the bone measuring points which are hidden under the surface and cannot be obtained through direct scanning are manually marked in advance, so that the finally calculated size data can be more accurate. The method and the device effectively solve the technical problem that the size of the produced protective equipment is not applicable because the accurate head and face size information of the pilot is difficult to obtain in the related technology.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an alternative head-to-face sizing method according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an alternative head-to-face station according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of an alternative head-to-face measurement item according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an alternative three-dimensional point cloud model for mesh hole filling processing according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an alternative three-dimensional point cloud model denoising fairing process according to embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of an alternative calculation of intertragus arc length according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an alternative head face size measurement process according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an alternative head-to-face sizing device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application solution better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will be made in detail and with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the present application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
For a better understanding of the embodiments of the present application, some nouns or translations of terms that appear during the description of the embodiments of the present application are explained first as follows:
human body measurement: the standard measuring tool and instrument are used for measuring the length, the height, the circumference and the like of the human body type and the sizes of all parts;
three-dimensional scanning technology: non-contact scanning is carried out on the spatial shape, structure and color of the object by utilizing three-dimensional scanning equipment so as to obtain the spatial coordinates of the surface of the object;
head-face measuring point: measuring points related to head and face sizes, wherein the length, the height, the arc length, the girth and the like among different measuring points define the measuring item size;
head-face measurement item size: the dimensions associated with the length, height, arc length, girth, etc. of the head and face are the basis and key for the design of head and face part type semicolons, associated equipment.
Example 1
In the related art, the specification of the size and the size of the head and face individual protective equipment of a pilot mainly comes from GJB4856 'Chinese male pilot human body size' and GJB20A 'pilot individual protective equipment size' based on GJB4856, the standard specifies 2 types of sizes 5 of the helmet and 3 types of the face mask, but in the actual production process, the helmet is basically classified according to the size of the head circumference, and the face mask is classified according to the size of the nose height and the nose width, so that the diversity of the head and face of the human is not met, the fitness and the comfort of the helmet and the face mask are always poor, and the satisfaction of the pilot cannot be obtained. If the individual protective equipment is designed for each pilot, all the head and face size data of each pilot need to be measured in detail, the workload is extremely large, the time consumption is extremely long, and the overall efficiency is low; meanwhile, due to certain errors in manual measurement, the protective equipment finally designed and produced still does not always meet the requirements of pilots.
In order to solve the problems, the embodiment of the application provides a semi-automatic head and face size measurement scheme, which comprises the steps of firstly optimizing relevant standards according to the use requirement of protective equipment, determining target measuring points and target measurement items, then carrying out three-dimensional scanning on the head and face of a pilot, constructing a model according to the three-dimensional scanning result, determining the target measuring points, and then calculating size data of the corresponding measurement items according to the target measuring points, wherein the overall efficiency is higher; meanwhile, the bone measuring points which are hidden under the face and cannot be obtained through direct scanning are manually marked in advance, so that the corresponding measuring point positions are more accurate, more accurate head and face size data are obtained, and the protective equipment produced according to the data can meet the requirements of fitness and comfort of pilots. This scheme is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an alternative head-face dimension measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the method at least includes steps S102-S106, wherein:
step S102, three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance.
Step S104, a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of the target object is built according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and target measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model are determined, wherein the target measuring points comprise: multiple sets of non-bony points and multiple sets of bony points of the head-face of the target object.
And step S106, measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
In the related standard GJB4856, the measurement points and measurement items based on the human body size are specified, wherein 35 groups of measurement points and 53 measurement items are defined and specified for the head and the face.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of 35 sets of measurement points, specifically including: 1. head apex, 2, hair margin point, 3, eyebrow point, 4, nose bridge point, 5, nose midpoint, 6, nose tip point, 7, sub-nose point, 8, nose wing point, 9, gingival point, 10, upper lip midpoint, 11, mouth split point, 12, lower lip midpoint, 13, mouth corner point, 14, chin upper point, 15, chin front point, 16, sub-chin point, 17, pupil point, 18, intra-eye corner point, 19, extra-eye corner point, 20, eye protrusion point, 21, infraorbital point, 22, tragus point, 23, on-ear attachment point, 24, sub-ear attachment point, 25, behind-ear point, 26, pre-ear point, 27, on-ear point, 28, sub-ear point, 29, temporal ridge point, 30, cheekbone point, 31, mandibular corner point, 32, cranium side point, 33, occipital point, 34, back head top point, 35, out-of-occipital Long Tudian.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of 53 measurement items, specifically including: 1. maximum head, 2, maximum head, 3, total head height, 4, head-ear height, 5, eye height, 6, face length, 7, face length, 8, face length, 9, face length, 10, face length, 11, minimum forehead width, 12, face width, 13, extra-ocular width, 14, intra-ocular width, 15, eye fissure width, 16, seat hole spacing, 17, nose height, 18, nose length, 19, nose width, 20, mid-grade width, 21, spring depth, 22, mid-nose depth, 23, mid-spring island lower distance, 24, mid-island upper distance, 25, mid-nose distance, 26, mid-spring distance, 27, mid-forehead upper distance, 28, mid-mouth face lower distance, 29, mouth width, 30, screen full height, 31, ear base length, 32, appearance ear length, 33, appearance ear width, 34, two ear outer widths, 35, two tragus width, 36, two lower angle width, 37, tip occipital lobe distance, 38, tragus occipital lobe distance, 39, eye occipital lobe distance, 40, head circumference, 41, crown circumference, 42, head slope country, 43, head vertical circumference, 44, head arc length, 45, head shape, 46, intertragus arc length, 47, intertragus inter-point subnasal arc length, 48, inter-tragus inter-point frequency arc length, 49, inter-tragus inter-point collar arc length, 50, inter-tragus point occipital arc length, 51, inter-eyebrow top neck arc length, 52, inter-shoulder top neck arc length, 53, shoulder end top half arc length.
On the basis of the standard, the embodiment of the application fully researches manufacturers, users and the like of head-mounted individual protective equipment of pilots, researches the association relations between different measurement sizes and the individual protective equipment, and proposes target measuring points and target measuring items related to aptamer and comfort. Wherein, the target measuring points are 27 groups, including 26 groups of head and face measuring points and cervical vertebra points, as shown in table 1; the target survey items were 36 items in total, 35 items were taken from the GJB4856 standard, and 1 item of practical experience and requirements from the manufacturer and pilot of the individual protective equipment, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
In general, when three-dimensional scanning is performed, although three-dimensional surface information of the head and face can be perfectly restored, osseous points which do not protrude from the head and face cannot be obtained, and if the three-dimensional head portrait obtained by scanning is not processed in advance, key points are absent. The related technology also proposes to calculate the position of the osseous point by an analysis algorithm, but the method of algorithm reasoning cannot be completely accurate because the skeleton structure of the head and face of the human body is very complex and most of information is covered by skin and meat.
In view of the above, the embodiments of the present application may determine the positions of multiple sets of osseous measurement points of the head and face of the target object before performing three-dimensional scanning on the head and face of the target object, and then add a target mark at the positions of the multiple sets of osseous measurement points, where the target mark is a mark identifiable by a scanning device.
The three-dimensional scanning process can adopt the current general mode, such as the head cap of the target object (the mesh, the rubber and the like can be used, and the head can be attached to the head), and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object can be obtained through a three-dimensional scanner (the scanner can be used in the vertical mode, the handheld mode and the like).
An alternative three-dimensional scanning procedure is as follows:
s1, correcting sitting postures of a tested object, and wearing a grid cap sleeve to cover hair;
s2, a scanner manually identifies and marks osseous measuring points of a measured object by using single-side viscous dark circular marking points with the diameter of 5mm, and the total number of the marking points is 5 groups of 10 marking points, wherein the marking points comprise: left and right infraorbital points, left and right tragus points, left and right temporal ridge points, left and right cheekbone points, and left and right mandibular corner points; manually identifying the positions of the occipital protuberance points, and marking by using cube marking points with the length of 5mm multiplied by 5 mm;
s3, keeping the tested object still in a sitting posture, holding a GO Scan50 scanner by a scanner, scanning the head of the scanned object, obtaining head-face three-dimensional point cloud data of the scanned object, and storing the data into a universal stl data format which can be analyzed and processed by three-dimensional data processing software.
After the three-dimensional point cloud data are acquired, a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of the target object can be constructed according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and then a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model is determined.
In the scanning process, the acquired three-dimensional image may have defects, namely "holes" due to the reasons of local light shielding, color and the like, and if the measuring points fall in the "holes", the subsequent recognition and calculation work is affected; meanwhile, due to artificial disturbance or defects of the scanner, the acquired three-dimensional point cloud data often have noise, and certain deviation between the final measurement data and a real object can be caused.
In view of the foregoing, in some optional implementations of the embodiments of the present application, before determining the target measurement point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, the three-dimensional point cloud model may be preprocessed, where the preprocessing manner includes at least one of: and (5) grid hole supplementing treatment and denoising fairing treatment.
Optionally, grid hole filling processing can be performed on the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target hole filling algorithm, wherein the target hole filling algorithm can adopt: poisson reconstruction algorithm.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic model diagram before and after a mesh hole filling process is performed on a three-dimensional point cloud model by using a poisson reconstruction algorithm, where a is a schematic model diagram before the mesh hole filling process, and b is a schematic model diagram after the mesh hole filling process.
Optionally, denoising and smoothing processing can be performed on the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target smoothing algorithm to remove noise and reconstruct a smooth surface, wherein the target smoothing algorithm can be as follows: the embodiment of the application recommends a Laplacian fairing method with high algorithm efficiency, stability and good fairing effect, which can generate model shrinkage, but has smaller shrinkage proportion error due to denser head and face three-dimensional scanning vertexes, and can meet the application requirement.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic model diagram before and after denoising and smoothing a three-dimensional point cloud model by using a laplace smoothing algorithm, where a is a schematic model diagram before denoising and smoothing, and b is a schematic model diagram after denoising and smoothing.
After the model is processed, the target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model can be determined by the following modes: multiple groups of osseous measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model can be determined according to the marks added in advance; and then determining a plurality of groups of non-bone measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target measuring point identification algorithm, wherein the target measuring point identification algorithm at least comprises one of the following steps: the method is characterized by combining a constraint relation between a human head proportion relation and a target measuring point, carrying out a measuring point recognition algorithm based on characteristics, calculating and recognizing extreme points, and carrying out an anatomical simulation recognition algorithm.
After all the target measuring points are determined, the three-dimensional point cloud model can be measured for a plurality of target measuring items according to the target measuring points, and the size information of the head and the face of the target object is obtained.
Specifically, the target measurement items may be divided into two major categories, i.e., a linear distance measurement item and a curve length measurement item, where the linear distance measurement item includes a vertical distance between two points, a linear distance between two points, and a horizontal distance between two points, and specifically includes: maximum head, maximum width outside two ears, minimum forehead, face width, width between two trails, width between two mandibular angles, width outside two eyes, width inside two eyes, interpupillary distance, width in nose, width in mouth, face length, shape face length, chin face length, nose height, nose length, nose depth, face ear length, face ear width, nose depth, neck length, head height, eye top height, head ear height, nose tip occipital distance, eye occipital distance and tragus occipital distance; the curve length measurement items comprise girth and arc length, and specifically comprise: the curve length measurement items include: head circumference, head crown circumference, head sagittal arc length, top neck arc length between eyebrows, head crown arc length, forehead arc length between tragus points and chin arc length between tragus points.
In the actual calculation, for any linear distance measurement item, a length formula can be adopted to calculate the linear distance between target measuring points associated with the linear distance measurement item, namely
For any curve length measurement item, the curve length can be calculated by adopting a method for calculating the convex hull length of the point set on the section line. Specifically, intersection of a section defined by a curve length measurement item and a three-dimensional point cloud model can be firstly obtained, and a three-dimensional point set Q corresponding to a section line is obtained; then converting the three-dimensional point set Q into a plane point set P under a plane coordinate system corresponding to the section; and determining the convex hull of the plane point set P according to a plane scanning method, and determining the length of the boundary of the convex hull. The planar scanning method may be Graham scanning method.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of calculating the occipital arc length between tragus points, and calculating the arc length from the occipital point of the left tragus point to the tragus point of the right tragus point by the algorithm described above.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a complete flow of optional measurement of the size information of the head and face of the target object according to an embodiment of the present application, specifically including the following steps:
s1, correcting sitting postures of a target object and wearing a grid cap sleeve;
s2, manually pasting the mark points of the bone measuring points;
s3, scanning the head and the face by using a scanner;
s4, checking whether the scanning result meets the requirement, and if so, continuing to execute S5; if not, returning to execute S3;
s5, constructing a head-face three-dimensional point cloud model according to the three-dimensional point cloud data;
s6, preprocessing the three-dimensional point cloud model;
s7, determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model;
s8, measuring the target measurement items to obtain size information of the head and the face.
In the embodiment of the application, firstly, three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and face of a target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; then constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of the target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and finally, measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measuring points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object. The target measuring point and the target measuring item are both determined by optimizing relevant standards according to the use requirement of the protective equipment, and the acquired size data better meet the actual requirement; meanwhile, the bone measuring points which are hidden under the surface and cannot be obtained through direct scanning are manually marked in advance, so that the finally calculated size data can be more accurate. The method and the device effectively solve the technical problem that the size of the produced protective equipment is not applicable because the accurate head and face size information of the pilot is difficult to obtain in the related technology.
Example 2
According to an embodiment of the present application, there is further provided a head-face size measurement apparatus for implementing the head-face size measurement method in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 8, the head-face size measurement apparatus at least includes a scanning module 81, a determining module 82, and a measuring module 83, wherein:
the scanning module 81 is configured to perform three-dimensional scanning on a head and a face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, where multiple groups of osseous measurement points of the head and the face of the target object have marks added in advance.
In general, when three-dimensional scanning is performed, although three-dimensional surface information of the head and face can be perfectly restored, osseous points which do not protrude from the head and face cannot be obtained, and if the three-dimensional head portrait obtained by scanning is not processed in advance, key points are absent. The related technology also proposes to calculate the position of the osseous point by an analysis algorithm, but the method of algorithm reasoning cannot be completely accurate because the skeleton structure of the head and face of the human body is very complex and most of information is covered by skin and meat.
In view of the above, in the embodiment of the present application, before three-dimensional scanning is performed on the head and face of the target object, the positions of multiple groups of osseous measurement points of the head and face of the target object may be determined, and then target marks are added at the positions of the multiple groups of osseous measurement points, where the target marks are marks identifiable by a scanning device, and the osseous measurement points include: temporal ridge points, cheekbones, tragus points, infraorbital points, mandibular corner points, and extraoccipital Long Tudian.
The three-dimensional scanning process can adopt a current general mode, such as scanning the head and the face of the target object wearing the cap sleeve through a three-dimensional scanner, and the scanning module acquires three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object scanned by the three-dimensional scanner.
The determining module 82 is configured to construct a three-dimensional point cloud model of a head and a face of the target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determine a target measurement point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, where the target measurement point includes: multiple sets of non-bony points and multiple sets of bony points of the head-face of the target object.
In the scanning process, the acquired three-dimensional image may have defects, namely "holes" due to the reasons of local light shielding, color and the like, and if the measuring points fall in the "holes", the subsequent recognition and calculation work is affected; meanwhile, due to artificial disturbance or defects of the scanner, the acquired three-dimensional point cloud data often have noise, and certain deviation between the final measurement data and a real object can be caused.
In view of the foregoing, in some optional implementations of the embodiments of the present application, the head-face dimension measurement apparatus further includes a preprocessing module, configured to preprocess the three-dimensional point cloud model before the determining module determines the target measurement point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, where the preprocessing mode includes at least one of: and (5) grid hole supplementing treatment and denoising fairing treatment.
Optionally, the preprocessing module may perform grid hole filling processing on the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target hole filling algorithm, where the target hole filling algorithm may use: poisson reconstruction algorithm.
Optionally, the preprocessing module may perform denoising and smoothing processing on the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target smoothing algorithm to remove noise and reconstruct a smooth surface, where the target smoothing algorithm may employ: the embodiment of the application recommends a Laplace fairing method with high algorithm efficiency, stability and good fairing effect.
After the model is processed, the determining module can determine the target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model by the following steps: multiple groups of osseous measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model can be determined according to the marks added in advance; and then determining a plurality of groups of non-bone measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target measuring point identification algorithm, wherein the target measuring point identification algorithm at least comprises one of the following steps: the method is characterized by combining a constraint relation between a human head proportion relation and a target measuring point, carrying out a measuring point recognition algorithm based on characteristics, calculating and recognizing extreme points, and carrying out an anatomical simulation recognition algorithm. Non-bony stations include: head vertex, occipital point, cervical vertebra point, eyebrow point, cranial point, extraocular point, intraocular point, pupil point, ocular point, mouth point, chin point, ear point, front ear point, nose bridge point, nose midpoint, nose point, nose wing point and nose tip point.
The measurement module 83 is configured to measure a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement point on the three-dimensional point cloud model, so as to obtain size information of the head and face of the target object.
Specifically, the target measurement items may be divided into two major categories, i.e., a linear distance measurement item and a curve length measurement item, where the linear distance measurement item includes a vertical distance between two points, a linear distance between two points, and a horizontal distance between two points, and specifically includes: maximum head, maximum width outside two ears, minimum forehead, face width, width between two trails, width between two mandibular angles, width outside two eyes, width inside two eyes, interpupillary distance, width in nose, width in mouth, face length, shape face length, chin face length, nose height, nose length, nose depth, face ear length, face ear width, nose depth, neck length, head height, eye top height, head ear height, nose tip occipital distance, eye occipital distance and tragus occipital distance; the curve length measurement items comprise girth and arc length, and specifically comprise: the curve length measurement items include: head circumference, head crown circumference, head sagittal arc length, top neck arc length between eyebrows, head crown arc length, forehead arc length between tragus points and chin arc length between tragus points.
In actual calculation, for any linear distance measurement item, the measurement module can calculate the linear distance between the target measuring points associated with the linear distance measurement item by adopting a length formula, namely
For any curve length measurement item, the measurement module can calculate the curve length by adopting a method for calculating the convex hull length of the point set on the section line. Specifically, intersection of a section defined by a curve length measurement item and a three-dimensional point cloud model can be firstly obtained, and a three-dimensional point set Q corresponding to a section line is obtained; then converting the three-dimensional point set Q into a plane point set P under a plane coordinate system corresponding to the section; and determining the convex hull of the plane point set P according to a plane scanning method, and determining the length of the boundary of the convex hull. The planar scanning method may be Graham scanning method.
The target measuring point and the target measuring item are both determined by optimizing relevant standards according to the use requirement of the protective equipment, and the acquired size data better meet the actual requirement; meanwhile, the bone measuring points which are hidden under the surface and cannot be obtained through direct scanning are manually marked in advance, so that the finally calculated size data can be more accurate. The method and the device effectively solve the technical problem that the size of the produced protective equipment is not applicable because the accurate head and face size information of the pilot is difficult to obtain in the related technology.
It should be noted that, each module in the head-face dimension measurement device in the embodiment of the present application corresponds to each implementation step of the head-face dimension measurement method in embodiment 1 one by one, and since detailed description has been already made in embodiment 1, details that are not partially shown in this embodiment may refer to embodiment 1, and will not be described herein again.
Example 3
According to an embodiment of the present application, there is also provided a nonvolatile storage medium including a stored program, wherein a device in which the nonvolatile storage medium is located executes the head-face size measurement method in embodiment 1 by running the program.
Specifically, the device where the nonvolatile storage medium is located executes the following steps by running the program: three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of a target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
According to an embodiment of the present application, there is also provided a processor for running a program, wherein the program, when running, performs the head-face size measurement method in embodiment 1.
Specifically, the program execution realizes the following steps: three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of a target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
According to an embodiment of the present application, there is also provided an electronic device including: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the processor being configured to execute the head-face size measurement method in embodiment 1 by the computer program.
In particular, the processor is configured to implement the following steps by computer program execution: three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance; constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of a target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measuring points and a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and face of the target object; and measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement points on the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present application are merely for describing, and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
In the foregoing embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for a portion of this disclosure that is not described in detail in this embodiment, reference is made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology content may be implemented in other manners. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely exemplary, and the division of units may be a logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interfaces, units or modules, or may be in electrical or other forms.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present application and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A head-to-face sizing method, comprising:
three-dimensional scanning is carried out on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance;
constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of the target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data, and determining a target measuring point in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring point comprises: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measurement points and a plurality of groups of osseous measurement points of the head and face of the target object;
and measuring a plurality of target measurement items according to the target measurement points to the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the position of the substrate comprises,
the plurality of sets of bony stations includes: temporal ridge points, cheekbones points, tragus points, infraorbital points, mandibular corner points and extraoccipital Long Tudian;
the plurality of sets of non-bony stations includes: head vertex, occipital point, cervical vertebra point, eyebrow point, cranial point, extraocular point, intraocular point, pupil point, ocular point, mouth point, chin point, ear point, front ear point, nose bridge point, nose midpoint, nose point, nose wing point and nose tip point.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to three-dimensional scanning of the head-face of the target object, the method further comprises:
determining the positions of the multiple groups of osseous measurement points of the head and face parts of the target object;
and adding target marks at the positions of the multiple groups of osseous measuring points, wherein the target marks are marks identifiable by a scanning device.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to determining target survey points in the three-dimensional point cloud model, the method further comprises:
preprocessing the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the preprocessing at least comprises one of the following steps:
grid hole filling processing is carried out on the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target hole filling algorithm, wherein the target hole filling algorithm at least comprises: a poisson reconstruction algorithm;
denoising and fairing the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target fairing algorithm, wherein the target fairing algorithm at least comprises: laplace fairing algorithm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining target survey points in the three-dimensional point cloud model comprises:
determining the multiple groups of osseous measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model according to the pre-added marks;
determining the plurality of groups of non-bony measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model according to a target measuring point identification algorithm, wherein the target measuring point identification algorithm at least comprises one of the following steps: the method is characterized by combining a constraint relation between a human head proportion relation and a target measuring point, carrying out a measuring point recognition algorithm based on characteristics, calculating and recognizing extreme points, and carrying out an anatomical simulation recognition algorithm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of target measurement items comprises: a linear distance measurement item and a curve length measurement item, wherein,
the linear distance measurement item includes: maximum head, maximum width outside two ears, minimum forehead, face width, width between two trails, width between two mandibular angles, width outside two eyes, width inside two eyes, interpupillary distance, width in nose, width in mouth, face length, shape face length, chin face length, nose height, nose length, nose depth, face ear length, face ear width, nose depth, neck length, head height, eye top height, head ear height, nose tip occipital distance, eye occipital distance and tragus occipital distance;
the curve length measurement item includes: head circumference, head crown circumference, head sagittal arc length, top neck arc length between eyebrows, head crown arc length, forehead arc length between tragus points and chin arc length between tragus points.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein measuring the three-dimensional point cloud model in accordance with the target measurement points comprises:
for any linear distance measurement item, calculating the linear distance between the target measuring points associated with the linear distance measurement item;
for any curve length measurement item, solving an intersection of a section defined by the curve length measurement item and the three-dimensional point cloud model to obtain a three-dimensional point set corresponding to a section line; converting the three-dimensional point set into a plane point set under a plane coordinate system corresponding to the section; and determining a convex hull of the plane point set according to a plane scanning method, and determining the length of the boundary of the convex hull.
8. A head-to-face size measurement apparatus, comprising:
the scanning module is used for carrying out three-dimensional scanning on the head and the face of the target object to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the head and the face of the target object, wherein a plurality of groups of osseous measuring points of the head and the face of the target object are provided with marks added in advance;
the determining module is used for constructing a three-dimensional point cloud model of the head and the face of the target object according to the three-dimensional point cloud data and determining target measuring points in the three-dimensional point cloud model, wherein the target measuring points comprise: a plurality of groups of non-osseous measurement points and a plurality of groups of osseous measurement points of the head and face of the target object;
and the measurement module is used for measuring a plurality of target measurement items of the three-dimensional point cloud model according to the target measurement points to obtain the size information of the head and the face of the target object.
9. A nonvolatile storage medium, characterized in that the nonvolatile storage medium includes a stored program, wherein a device in which the nonvolatile storage medium is located performs the head-face size measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by running the program.
10. An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the processor being configured to execute the head-face size measurement method of any one of claims 1 to 7 by the computer program.
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