CN112583132B - Method for adjusting capacitance compensation parameters of magnetic coupler in wireless charging system - Google Patents

Method for adjusting capacitance compensation parameters of magnetic coupler in wireless charging system Download PDF

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CN112583132B
CN112583132B CN202011345900.1A CN202011345900A CN112583132B CN 112583132 B CN112583132 B CN 112583132B CN 202011345900 A CN202011345900 A CN 202011345900A CN 112583132 B CN112583132 B CN 112583132B
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wireless charging
charging system
capacitance compensation
coils
magnetic coupler
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CN112583132A (en
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宋书轩
茅奕晟
施禾青
阮箴
李源
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Hangzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging of electric automobiles, in particular to a method for adjusting capacitance compensation parameters of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining capacitance compensation parameters of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system; s2: considering whether the output power and the efficiency of the wireless charging system meet the requirements under the condition that the magnetic couplers do not deviate, if so, entering the step S3, otherwise, returning to the step S1; s3: and under the condition of considering the offset between the magnetic couplers, judging whether the output power stability of the wireless charging system meets the requirement, if so, determining a capacitance compensation parameter, and if not, returning to the step S1. The invention has the beneficial effects that: through the adjustment of the capacitance compensation parameter, the anti-offset capability of the wireless charging system for the electric automobile is effectively enhanced.

Description

Method for adjusting capacitance compensation parameters of magnetic coupler in wireless charging system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging of electric automobiles, in particular to a method for adjusting capacitance compensation parameters of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system.
Background
The exhaust emission of fuel automobiles becomes an important pollution source in large-scale cities, and new energy electric automobiles serving as substitutes of traditional fuel automobiles can well solve the problem of pollution caused by exhaust emission, but the electric automobiles still have the problems of short endurance mileage, incomplete charging facilities and the like. The wireless charging technology has the unique advantages of realizing non-contact static charging and dynamic charging in the driving process, and becomes an effective scheme for solving the problems.
Among the existing wireless charging systems, the inductive static wireless charging system is widely favored by the electric vehicle industry due to its advantages of long charging distance, high charging efficiency, and the like. However, there are still many technical bottlenecks to be overcome in such systems, and among them, the problem of poor offset resistance of the system is particularly outstanding. The anti-offset capability means that when the relative position between the energy transmission coils of the magnetic coupler of the wireless charging system deviates, the power and the efficiency of the system are unstable, so that the improvement of the anti-offset capability of the system is the improvement of the efficiency and the stability of the power of the system. Due to the fact that sizes of the body width and the parking space of the electric automobile are not uniform, different degrees of deviation between the energy transmission coils of the magnetic coupler are generated, the coupling degree between the energy transmission coils of the magnetic coupler is reduced, and finally the power of the whole wireless charging system is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for adjusting a capacitance compensation parameter of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system.
S1: determining capacitance compensation parameters of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system;
s2: considering whether the output power and the efficiency of the wireless charging system meet the requirements under the condition that the magnetic couplers do not deviate, if so, entering the step S3, otherwise, returning to the step S1;
s3: under the condition of considering the offset between the magnetic couplers, judging whether the output power stability of the wireless charging system meets the requirement, if so, determining a capacitance compensation parameter, and if not, returning to the step S1;
the determining of the capacitance compensation parameter of the magnetic coupler in the wireless charging system comprises:
the capacitance compensation parameter is calculated taking into account the offset between the magnetic couplers as follows:
Figure 714900DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
；
Figure 46656DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
；
Figure 802122DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein the content of the first and second substances,k pi represents the coupling coefficient between coils No. 1 and No. 2,k is representing the coupling coefficient between coils No. 2 and No. 3，k ps Represents the coupling coefficient between coils No. 1 and No. 3,Q p 、Q i 、Q s respectively represents the coil quality of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils,U p is a high-frequency voltage source and is,L p 、L i andL s the self-inductance of the coils No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 respectively,R p 、R i andR s respectively the resistances of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils,C p 、C i andC s compensation capacitors of coils No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 respectively,R eq is the system equivalent load resistance.
Preferably, the output power of the wireless charging system is calculated as follows:
Figure 50570DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,U p is a high-frequency voltage source and is,M ps 、M pi andM is is the mutual inductance between the coils,R eq is the system equivalent load resistance.
Preferably, the efficiency of the wireless charging system is calculated as follows:
Figure 475866DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
M ps 、M pi andM is is the mutual inductance between the coils.
Preferably, the determining a capacitance compensation parameter of a magnetic coupler in the wireless charging system includes:
considering the case of no offset between the magnetic couplers, the capacitance compensation parameter is calculated as follows:
Figure 419551DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 103342DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
represents the output power of the wireless charging system,
Figure 816083DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
indicating the setting efficiency of the wireless charging system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
through the adjustment of the capacitance compensation parameter, the anti-deviation capability of the wireless charging system for the electric automobile is effectively enhanced.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic coupler configuration in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a graph of capacitance versus current when the circuit is inductive according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a graph of capacitance versus current for capacitive circuits according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting a magnetic coupler capacitance compensation parameter in a wireless charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a power comparison diagram illustrating the control strategy used in shifting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the efficiency change of the control strategy adopted during the offset in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The magnetic coupler structure in the wireless charging system of the electric automobile with the relay coil is shown in fig. 1, the magnetic coupler only adopts a plurality of strands of electromagnetic wires, does not have any magnetic conductive metal medium, and completely depends on air for energy transfer. The magnetic coupler comprises a coil 1, a coil 2 and a coil 3, wherein the coil 1 is a transmitting coil, the coil 2 is a relay coil, the coil 3 is a receiving coil, and the adopted winding mode is that the coil is wound in a plane round corner rectangular shape.
When the compensation capacitance parameter of the magnetic coupler changes, as shown in fig. 2(a), when the circuit is inductive, the capacitance is increased, and the circuit current can be increased, so as to increase the transmission power, as shown in fig. 2(b), when the circuit is capacitive, the capacitance is decreased, so as to increase the current, so as to increase the transmission power. Thus, the compensation capacitance parameter has an effect on the output power of the magnetic coupler.
The basic idea of the invention is that on the basis of the three-coil wireless charging system, a magnetic coupler coil compensation parameter control strategy based on a quality factor is provided through research on magnetic coupler coil compensation parameters, and the three-coil magnetic coupler using the control strategy effectively enhances the anti-offset capability of the wireless charging system and improves the system stability.
Based on the above thought, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for adjusting a capacitance compensation parameter of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system, as shown in fig. 3, including the following steps:
s1: determining capacitance compensation parameters of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system;
s2: considering whether the output power and the efficiency of the wireless charging system meet the requirements under the condition that the magnetic couplers do not deviate, if so, entering the step S3, otherwise, returning to the step S1;
s3: and under the condition of considering the offset between the magnetic couplers, judging whether the output power stability of the wireless charging system meets the requirement, if so, determining a capacitance compensation parameter, and if not, returning to the step S1.
Firstly, according to actual needs, technical indexes to be achieved by the whole set of wireless charging system are set, and according to the technical indexes to be achieved by the system, working parameters (coil size, winding mode, number of turns, compensation parameters and working frequency) of a corresponding magnetic coupler are provided. An appropriate capacitance compensation parameter is selected based on the determination of the other parameters. The specific parameters of the magnetic coupler are shown in table 1, and the parameters of the multi-strand magnet wire are shown in table two.
Table 1 attached details of magnetic couplers
Side length of transmitting coil 700mm
Length of side of receiving coil 700mm
Side length of relay coil 700mm
Number of turns of transmitting coil 17
Number of turns of transmitting coil 17
Number of relay coil turns 8
Vertical distance between transmitting coil and receiving coil 200mm
Vertical distance between transmitting coil and relay coil 10-30mm
Attached table 2 parameters of multi-strand electromagnetic wire
Diameter of wire 6.5 mm
Cross sectional area of wire 15.7 mm 2
Insulation grade Grade F (155 ℃ C.)
Number of strands of single-turn wire 2000
The calculation formula of the output power of the coil magnetic coupler is as follows:
Figure 677860DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Figure 843262DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
in the formulae (1) and (2),U p is a high-frequency voltage source and is,L p 、L i andL s the self-inductance of the coils No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 respectively,R p 、R i andR s respectively the resistances of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils,C p 、C i andC s compensation capacitors of coils No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 respectively,M ps 、M pi andM is is the mutual inductance between the coils,R eq is the system equivalent load resistance.
The relationship between the change of the capacitance parameter and the current magnitude is as follows:
Figure 65165DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Figure 897992DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
when the resonant frequency of the circuit is set to bef 0 Changing the compensation capacitance of the circuit fromC 0 Become intoCThe system is brought to a non-resonant state, and when the circuit is inductive, the current relation (3) is obtained, and when the circuit is capacitive, the relation (4) is obtained.
Determining a capacitance compensation parameter without deviation:
Figure 930670DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
in the equation (5), an appropriate efficiency index is set in consideration of the fact that the output power of the magnetic coupler is increased when the magnetic coupler is not offset, and the power is solved according to the equation (1).
Selection of capacitance compensation parameters in case of offset:
Figure 848947DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Figure 131331DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
（7）
Figure 553085DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
（8）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,k pi represents the coupling coefficient between coils No. 1 and No. 2,k is represents the coupling coefficient between coils No. 2 and No. 3,k ps representing the coupling coefficient between coil No. 1 and coil No. 3Q p 、Q i 、Q s Respectively represents the coil quality of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils,U p is a high-frequency voltage source and is,L p 、L i andL s are self-inductance of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils respectively,R p 、R i andR s respectively the resistances of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils,C p 、C i andC s compensation capacitors of coils No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 respectively,R eq is the system equivalent load resistance.
In the case of the formula (6),kis the coefficient of coupling between the coils,Qin order to define the coil quality by equation (7), the output power and efficiency of the magnetic coupler can be maintained to meet the requirements by keeping q constant in equation (8).
The power versus offset ratio using the control strategy is shown in fig. 4, and the efficiency versus offset ratio using the control strategy is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, when the transmitting coil and the receiving coil of the magnetic coupler are offset, the output power and efficiency of the magnetic coupler can meet the requirements by adopting a control strategy.
In summary, the invention can improve the anti-offset capability of the three-coil magnetic coupler and the whole wireless charging system by selecting proper capacitance compensation parameters.
Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A method for adjusting capacitance compensation parameters of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: determining capacitance compensation parameters of a magnetic coupler in a wireless charging system;
s2: considering whether the output power and the efficiency of the wireless charging system meet the requirements under the condition that the magnetic couplers do not deviate, if so, entering the step S3, otherwise, returning to the step S1;
s3: under the condition of considering the offset between the magnetic couplers, judging whether the output power stability of the wireless charging system meets the requirement, if so, determining a capacitance compensation parameter, and if not, returning to the step S1;
the determining of the capacitance compensation parameter of the magnetic coupler in the wireless charging system comprises:
the capacitance compensation parameter is calculated as follows, taking into account the offset between the magnetic couplers:
Figure 174853DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
；
Figure 781284DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
；
Figure 194948DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein the content of the first and second substances,k pi represents the coupling coefficient between coil No. 1 and coil No. 2,k is represents the coupling coefficient between coils No. 2 and No. 3,k ps represents the coupling coefficient between coils No. 1 and No. 3,Q p 、Q i 、Q s respectively represents the coil quality of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils,U p is a high-frequency voltage source and is,L p 、L i andL s are self-inductance of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils respectively,R p 、R i andR s respectively the resistances of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 coils,C p 、C i andC s compensation capacitors of coils No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 respectively,R eq is the system equivalent load resistance.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the output power of the wireless charging system is calculated as follows:
Figure 953956DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,U p is a high-frequency voltage source and is,M ps 、M pi andM is is the mutual inductance between the coils,R eq is the system equivalent load resistance.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the efficiency of the wireless charging system is calculated as follows:
Figure 427663DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
M ps 、M pi andM is is the mutual inductance between the coils.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the capacitance compensation parameter of the magnetic coupler in the wireless charging system comprises:
considering the case of no offset between the magnetic couplers, the capacitance compensation parameter is calculated as follows:
Figure 67197DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 18972DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
represents the output power of the wireless charging system,
Figure 632487DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
indicating the setting efficiency of the wireless charging system.
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