CN112578467A - Magnetic metal detection device of silage harvester and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Magnetic metal detection device of silage harvester and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112578467A CN112578467A CN202011327213.7A CN202011327213A CN112578467A CN 112578467 A CN112578467 A CN 112578467A CN 202011327213 A CN202011327213 A CN 202011327213A CN 112578467 A CN112578467 A CN 112578467A
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- magnetic metal
- electrically connected
- silage harvester
- signal processing
- shielding shell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
- A01D43/08—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for cutting up the mown crop, e.g. forage harvesters
- A01D43/085—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic metal detection device and a detection method of a silage harvester, which comprise a groove-shaped shielding shell arranged on a main shaft in a feeding roller, wherein the top of the shielding shell is opened, a signal processing plate and a sensor coil with two terminals are arranged in a groove body below the opening of the shielding shell, one terminal of the sensor coil is grounded, the other terminal of the sensor coil is electrically connected with the signal processing plate, and the signal processing plate is electrically connected with an emergency stop device of the feeding roller. The detection device disclosed by the invention can detect whether the crop feed contains magnetic metal or not, and outputs a threshold switch signal when the magnetic metal is detected, so that the damage to an internal cutter of the silage harvester is avoided, and the safety is improved; meanwhile, the magnetic metal foreign matters mixed into the crop feed can be reduced, so that the health of livestock is prevented from being harmed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal target detection, and particularly relates to a magnetic metal detection device of a silage harvester and a detection method thereof in the field.
Background
The silage harvester is an agricultural machine which is driven by a power machine and is specially used for harvesting and crushing silage or crop straws and manufacturing silage.
Magnetic metal objects that may be present in the forage crop during greenfeed harvesting can damage the harvester cutterhead and, if harvested and stored along with the forage, can be ingested by the animals while feeding them, compromising their health. The magnetic metal detection device can detect magnetic metal objects in feed crops when the feed is harvested, can avoid damage to a cutter head of the harvester and magnetic metal foreign matters in the feed eaten by livestock by mistake, and has positive significance in the production process of animal husbandry.
Compared with a foreign silage harvester, a foreign mechanical feeding device is mostly provided with a magnetic metal detection device, when a magnetic metal object is detected, the emergency stop can be realized within 0.1s, the interior of the silage harvester is protected, the reliability of the machine can be greatly improved, but domestic silage harvester equipment is not provided with the magnetic metal detection device basically.
Magnetic metal detection device can prevent to damage because the machine that magnetic object caused, makes the staff be absorbed in work, avoids getting into the machine shutdown profit loss that the crop arouses from the field by magnetic object, can also reduce the foreign matter that harms the livestock health in the fodder. Therefore, the research on the magnetic metal detection device has great social significance and economic benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic metal detection device of a silage harvester and a detection method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the improvement of a magnetic metal detection device of a silage harvester is that: the feeding roller is characterized by comprising a groove-shaped shielding shell arranged on a main shaft in the feeding roller, wherein the top opening of the shielding shell is provided with a signal processing plate and a sensor coil with two terminals, one terminal of the sensor coil is grounded, the other terminal of the sensor coil is electrically connected with the signal processing plate, and the signal processing plate is electrically connected with an emergency stop device of the feeding roller.
Further, a feeding roller of the silage harvester is arranged at the front end of the feeding hole and is subjected to demagnetization treatment.
Furthermore, the shielding shell is fixedly connected with the main shaft through three lock shafts which are arranged side by side.
Furthermore, the shielding shell is processed by pig iron or wrought iron, the thickness of the side wall is 10mm, and the thickness of the bottom wall is 20 mm.
Furthermore, two holes are formed in the bottom wall of the shielding shell, one hole is connected with a power line, a ground line and an output threshold switch signal line, and the other hole is provided with a potentiometer on the signal processing board.
Further, gaps between the components in the shield case are completely filled with epoxy resin.
Furthermore, the sensor coil is a single enameled thin copper wire wound in the middle between the NS poles of the permanent magnet, the winding direction is perpendicular to the NS pole direction of the permanent magnet, and the number of turns of the coil is 3000 and 5000 turns.
Furthermore, the number of the sensor coils is three, the three sensor coils are placed in the groove of the shielding shell at equal intervals, the S pole of the permanent magnet of the middle sensor coil faces upwards, the N poles of the permanent magnets of the sensor coils at the two ends face upwards, and the signal processing board is placed in the middle of the two sensor coils.
Furthermore, the signal processing board comprises three operational amplifiers respectively electrically connected with one terminal of the three sensor coils, three high-pass filters respectively electrically connected with the three operational amplifiers, three low-pass filters respectively electrically connected with the three high-pass filters, an analog-to-digital converter electrically connected with the three low-pass filters, a processor electrically connected with the analog-to-digital converter, and a threshold switch electrically connected with the processor, wherein the threshold switch is electrically connected with the emergency stop device.
The improvement of a detection method suitable for the magnetic metal detection device of the silage harvester is that the detection method comprises the following steps: if magnetic metal passes in the process that silage enters a feed inlet through a feed roller, three sensor coils respectively respond to voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 based on the electromagnetic induction principle, the three voltage signals are respectively subjected to differential amplification through three operational amplifiers in a signal processing board, filtered through three high-pass filters and three low-pass filters, converted into digital detection signals through an analog-to-digital converter and sent to a processor, and if the detection signals exceed a set threshold value, the processor controls a threshold switch to output threshold switch signals to an emergency stop device, so that the emergency stop device is started, and the feed roller stops running.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the detection device disclosed by the invention can detect whether the crop feed contains magnetic metal or not, and outputs a threshold switch signal when the magnetic metal is detected, so that the damage to an internal cutter of the silage harvester is avoided, and the safety is improved; meanwhile, the magnetic metal foreign matters mixed into the crop feed can be reduced, so that the health of livestock is prevented from being harmed. The detection device disclosed by the invention has wide application prospect in the aspect of metal detection of the crop feed harvester.
The detection method disclosed by the invention adopts an electromagnetic induction principle, detects the magnetic metal existing in the forage crops at the feed inlet of the silage harvester based on the passive receiving type magnetic metal detection device, and has the advantages of high detection speed and high precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the installation position of the detecting device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detecting device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, taken along the width direction of a shield case;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a detecting unit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, taken along the length of a shield case;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a detecting device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the electrical connection of the detecting device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an electrical block diagram of the signal processing board in the detecting device disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1 this example discloses a magnetic metal detection device for a silage harvester, as shown in figures 1-5, comprising a slotted shield shell 4 mounted on a spindle 7 in a circular feed roll 1, the shield shell having an open top, a signal processing board 9 mounted in the slot below the shield shell opening and a sensor coil 3 having two terminals, one terminal of the sensor coil being grounded and the other terminal being electrically connected to the signal processing board, the signal processing board being electrically connected to an emergency stop STD13 of the feed roll. Above the feed roll there is also a pre-press roll 16 for the auxiliary feed.
In this embodiment, the feed roller of the silage harvester is installed at the front end of the feed inlet and is demagnetized. The shielding shell is fixedly connected with the main shaft through three lock shafts 6 which are arranged side by side. The shielding shell is processed by pig iron or wrought iron, the thickness of the side wall is 10mm, and the thickness of the bottom wall is 20 mm. Two holes are arranged on the bottom wall of the shielding shell, wherein one hole 12 is connected with a power line, a ground line and an output threshold switch signal line, and the other hole 11 is provided with a potentiometer on a signal processing board. The gaps between the components within the shield case are completely filled with epoxy. The sensor coil 3 is a single enameled thin copper wire wound in the middle between the NS poles of the permanent magnet 2, the winding direction is perpendicular to the NS pole direction of the permanent magnet, and the number of turns of the coil is 3000 and 5000 turns. The number of the sensor coils is three, the three sensor coils are placed in the groove of the shielding shell at equal intervals, the S pole of the permanent magnet of the middle sensor coil faces upwards, and the N poles of the permanent magnets of the sensor coils at the two ends face upwards, so that the magnetic force lines 8 of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet are concentrated above the opening of the shielding shell as far as possible. One of the terminals of the three sensor coils is connected together to ground, and the other terminal is used as the input of each of three operational amplifiers in a signal processing board placed at the middle position of two of the sensor coils.
As shown in fig. 6, the signal processing board includes three operational amplifiers 17 electrically connected to one terminal of each of the three sensor coils, three high pass filters HF18 electrically connected to the three operational amplifiers, three low pass filters LF19 electrically connected to the three high pass filters, one analog-to-digital converter a/D20 electrically connected to the three low pass filters, a processor MCU21 electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and a threshold switch SW22 electrically connected to the processor, the threshold switch being electrically connected to the emergency stop device STD.
The embodiment also discloses a detection method, which is suitable for the magnetic metal detection device of the silage harvester, wherein the feed roller with the detection device is arranged at the front end of the feed inlet 14 of the silage harvester, and the detection is carried out in a passive signal receiving mode, and the detection method comprises the following steps: the signal processing board of the detection device continuously measures input signals, if magnetic metal passes through the silage flowing into a feed inlet from the upper part of a feed roller, three sensor coils respectively respond to voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 based on the electromagnetic induction principle, the three voltage signals are respectively subjected to differential amplification through three operational amplifiers in the signal processing board, three high-pass filters and three low-pass filters and then are converted into digital detection signals by an analog-to-digital converter and sent into a processor, algorithm processing is directly performed by the processor, and if the detection signals exceed a set threshold value, the processor controls a threshold switch to output threshold switch signals (closing signals) to the emergency stop device, so that the emergency stop device is started, and the feed roller stops running.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a silage harvester's magnetism metal detection device which characterized in that: the feeding roller is characterized by comprising a groove-shaped shielding shell arranged on a main shaft in the feeding roller, wherein the top opening of the shielding shell is provided with a signal processing plate and a sensor coil with two terminals, one terminal of the sensor coil is grounded, the other terminal of the sensor coil is electrically connected with the signal processing plate, and the signal processing plate is electrically connected with an emergency stop device of the feeding roller.
2. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the feed roller of the silage harvester is arranged at the front end of the feed inlet and is demagnetized.
3. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the shielding shell is fixedly connected with the main shaft through three lock shafts which are arranged side by side.
4. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the shielding shell is processed by pig iron or wrought iron, the thickness of the side wall is 10mm, and the thickness of the bottom wall is 20 mm.
5. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 1, wherein: and two holes are formed in the bottom wall of the shielding shell, one hole is connected with a power line, a ground line and an output threshold switch signal line, and the other hole is provided with a potentiometer on the signal processing board.
6. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the gaps between the components within the shield case are completely filled with epoxy.
7. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor coil is a single enameled thin copper wire wound in the middle between the NS poles of the permanent magnet, the winding direction is perpendicular to the NS pole direction of the permanent magnet, and the number of turns of the coil is 3000 and 5000 turns.
8. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 7, wherein: the number of the sensor coils is three, the three sensor coils are arranged in the groove of the shielding shell at equal intervals, the S pole of the permanent magnet of the middle sensor coil faces upwards, the N poles of the permanent magnets of the sensor coils at the two ends face upwards, and the signal processing board is arranged in the middle of the two sensor coils.
9. The magnetic metal detecting device of the silage harvester according to claim 8, wherein: the signal processing board comprises three operational amplifiers which are respectively and electrically connected with one terminal of the three sensor coils, three high-pass filters which are respectively and electrically connected with the three operational amplifiers, three low-pass filters which are respectively and electrically connected with the three high-pass filters, an analog-to-digital converter which is electrically connected with the three low-pass filters, a processor which is electrically connected with the analog-to-digital converter, and a threshold switch which is electrically connected with the processor, wherein the threshold switch is electrically connected with the emergency stop device.
10. A detection method applied to the magnetic metal detection device of the silage harvester according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the following steps: if magnetic metal passes in the process that silage enters a feed inlet through a feed roller, three sensor coils respectively respond to voltage signals V1, V2 and V3 based on the electromagnetic induction principle, the three voltage signals are respectively subjected to differential amplification through three operational amplifiers in a signal processing board, filtered through three high-pass filters and three low-pass filters, converted into digital detection signals through an analog-to-digital converter and sent to a processor, and if the detection signals exceed a set threshold value, the processor controls a threshold switch to output threshold switch signals to an emergency stop device, so that the emergency stop device is started, and the feed roller stops running.
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| CN202011327213.7A CN112578467B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Magnetic metal detection device of silage harvester and detection method thereof |
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| CN202011327213.7A CN112578467B (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Magnetic metal detection device of silage harvester and detection method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113638191A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-11-12 | 中国电波传播研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所） | Washing machine metal foreign matter detection system and method based on pulse type electromagnetic induction principle |
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