CN112577856A - Experimental device for researching migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance - Google Patents

Experimental device for researching migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance Download PDF

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CN112577856A
CN112577856A CN201910929722.8A CN201910929722A CN112577856A CN 112577856 A CN112577856 A CN 112577856A CN 201910929722 A CN201910929722 A CN 201910929722A CN 112577856 A CN112577856 A CN 112577856A
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water
simulated
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pollutants
migration rule
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王昕喆
牟桂芹
周志国
谢谚
杨洋洋
张福良
闫茜
曲聪
盛学佳
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Qingdao Safety Engineering Institute
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance, which relates to the technical field of the migration rule of pollutants and comprises the following components: the experimental groove is used for simulating an aquifer and an aeration zone; the two simulated water tanks are arranged on the left side and the right side in the experiment tank and are used for controlling the height of the water head to form a stable flow field; the simulated well is used for simulating artificial interference caused by pumping water or injecting water. The invention has the advantages that the condition of the underground water flow field is adjusted through the position height of the simulated water tanks on the two sides and the spraying strength of the water sprayer, so that the migration rule of pollutants in the artificially disturbed underground water flow field can be researched in a laboratory; a simulated well is added into the experimental tank to simulate water taking, recharging and other artificial disturbance behaviors, underground water flow field change under an artificial interference condition can be simulated to a certain extent, and then migration tracks and laws of pollutants under the artificial interference condition are researched, and the experimental repeatability and the operability are strong.

Description

Experimental device for researching migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pollutant migration rules, in particular to an experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance.
Background
With the increasing depletion of surface water resources and the rapid development of economic society, the situation of large-scale groundwater extraction is rare, a groundwater funnel is easily formed due to rapid consumption of groundwater resources, the lateral flowing of groundwater can have an obvious replenishment effect on the groundwater funnel area, the groundwater flow field is seriously affected, and the performance in plain areas is particularly obvious. The groundwater flow field is strongly influenced by the large amount of sewage recharging, and the migration rule of pollutants in the changed groundwater flow field is greatly different from that of the original groundwater flow field.
At present, most of the research focuses on simulation research of groundwater flow fields by using column experiments or tank experiments, artificial disturbance is not considered in the research of pollutant migration, and even if a water well is arranged, the water well is only used as aeration, so that a laboratory device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in groundwater is still in a blank stage.
The existing laboratory device for researching the migration of pollutants in underground water or the remediation of polluted underground water and soil is under the condition of no manual interference, and Chinese patent (for example CN105152393B) introduces that the removal effect of pollutants in the polluted underground water and the polluted soil under the aeration condition is researched by utilizing aeration devices such as a simulation well and the like, but the free injection of the pollutants cannot be carried out, the migration track of the pollutants cannot be researched, and the artificial disturbance behavior is not involved; chinese patent (CN103994951B) introduces a simulation device for migration and conversion of environmental pollutants in different aquifers of underground water, which can simulate confined water aquifers and diving aquifers in saturated zones, and can also simulate capillary zones and the like in saturated zones, but only is a study in a stable flow field, and does not relate to artificial interference conditions, and the migration rule of pollutants under the condition of changing the flow field cannot be studied; neither chinese patent (CN104483240A, CN105300843A, etc.) has achieved the study of the migration and transformation of pollutants under the condition of artificial disturbance (water pumping or recharging).
Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a laboratory device capable of studying the migration rule of pollutants in groundwater under artificial disturbance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses an experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance comprises:
the experimental groove is used for simulating an aquifer and an aeration zone;
the two simulated water tanks are arranged on the left side and the right side in the experiment tank and are used for controlling the height of the water head to form a stable flow field;
the simulated well is used for simulating artificial interference caused by pumping water or injecting water.
As a further preferred of the invention, the experimental groove is of a stepped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove are respectively provided with a water outlet switch.
As a further optimization of the invention, a simulation well is arranged in the experiment groove, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed on the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well.
As a further optimization of the invention, the simulation water well is made of PVC-U material, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulation water well is smaller than the grain diameter of the quartz sand of the aquifer.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sidewall of the experimental tank is further provided with a plurality of contaminant injection holes, and the contaminant injection holes include glass tubes and rubber sleeves which are sleeved with each other.
As a further optimization of the invention, a water sprayer is also arranged right above the experimental tank and is connected with an external water pipe.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the water shower is uniformly provided with a plurality of shower holes.
As a further optimization of the invention, one side of each of the two simulated water tanks is communicated with the experimental tank, and a perforated plate or a turbulator is arranged at the communication position.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a peristaltic pump for pumping water is disposed outside each of the two simulated water tanks, and a water pump for injecting water or discharging water is disposed outside each of the simulated water wells.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the simulated aquifer in the experimental tank is filled with quartz sand having an appropriate particle size.
The beneficial effect of the invention is that,
1. the condition of the underground water flow field is adjusted through the height of the simulated water grooves on the two sides and the spraying strength of the water sprayer, the vacancy that the existing experimental device cannot simulate the underground water flow field under the condition of artificial disturbance is made up, and the migration rule of pollutants in the artificially disturbed underground water flow field can be researched in a laboratory;
2. the simulated well is added into the experimental tank for simulating the underground water, the artificial disturbance behaviors such as water taking and recharging are simulated by a water pumping or water injection mode, the intensity and the persistence of artificial interference can be changed by adjusting the flow speed and the like, the change of the underground water flow field under the artificial interference condition can be simulated to a certain extent, the migration track and the migration rule of pollutants under the artificial interference condition are further researched, the experimental repeatability and the operability are strong, and the application prospect is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the water shower of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the contaminant injection hole of the present invention
Wherein, 1, simulating a water tank; 2. a perforated plate; 3. an experimental groove; 4. a contaminant injection hole; 5. a water outlet switch; 6. a peristaltic pump; 7. simulating a water well; 8. a water shower; 9. a rubber sleeve; 10. a glass tube; 11. a syringe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an experimental apparatus for studying the migration rule of pollutants in groundwater under artificial disturbance comprises:
the experimental groove 3 is used for simulating an aquifer and an aeration zone;
the two simulated water tanks 1 are arranged on the left side and the right side in the experimental tank 3 and are used for controlling the height of a water head to form a stable flow field;
and the simulated well 7 is used for simulating artificial interference caused by pumping water or injecting water.
Particularly, the experimental groove 3 has a stepped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5, so that water discharged from the simulated water tank 1 can be collected and recycled.
Particularly, a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7, so that water can be conveniently injected into the experiment groove 3 from the top of the simulation well 7.
Particularly, the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of the opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer, so that the quartz sand is prevented from entering the simulated water well 7 from the opening.
In particular, the sidewall of the experimental tank 3 is further provided with a plurality of pollutant injection holes 4, as shown in fig. 3, the pollutant injection holes 4 comprise sleeved glass tubes and rubber sleeves, and can be used for injecting pollutants into the simulated water tank 1.
Particularly, a water sprayer 8 is further installed right above the experimental tank 3, and the water sprayer 8 is connected with an external water pipe and used for increasing precipitation conditions and changing precipitation intensity.
Particularly, the water sprayer 8 is uniformly provided with a plurality of spray holes, and the spray holes are used for uniformly spraying water to the simulation water tank 1.
Particularly, one side of each of the two simulated water tanks 1 is communicated with the experimental tank 3, and a perforated plate 2 or a turbulator is arranged at the communication position.
Specifically, a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water is respectively arranged outside the two simulated water tanks 1, and a water pump for injecting water or discharging water is arranged outside the simulated water well 7.
In particular, the simulated aquifer in the experimental tank 3 is filled with quartz sand having an appropriate particle size.
The experimental process of the experimental device is as follows:
filling the quartz sand subjected to acid washing and alkali washing in an experimental tank 3, uniformly paving the quartz sand on the bottom layer of the experimental tank 3 to serve as an aquifer with good porosity, filling sandy soil with a certain thickness above the aquifer after filling the quartz sand with a certain thickness to simulate the aquifer and the aeration zone, and properly shaking the quartz sand during filling to ensure uniform filling; in the sand filling process, the simulated water well 7 is placed at a proper position, and the periphery of the simulated water well can be wrapped and fixed by fillers such as quartz sand and the like; starting two external peristaltic pumps 6 to inject water into the simulated water tank 1, wherein water exceeding the interface of the water tank can directly overflow and be discharged, and a water outlet switch 5 can be opened to collect and recycle the discharged water; if necessary, the water drenchers 8 can be opened, and precipitation with certain intensity can be simulated according to the needs; after the flow field is kept for 3 hours, after the flow field is basically stable, a water pump communicated with the simulation well 7 is turned on, the artificial interference of water pumping or water injection is simulated at a certain flow rate, after the flow field is stable for 30 minutes, the pollutants are injected into the experimental groove 3 through the pollutant injection hole 4 by using the injector 11, if the pollutants are required to be qualitatively judged, the pollutants can be dyed, and the flow direction of the pollutants is observed; if quantitative, samples can be taken from the contaminant injection port for analysis.
Example 1:
an experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance comprises:
the experimental groove 3 is used for simulating an aquifer and an aeration zone; the experimental groove 3 is of a step-shaped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5 which can collect and recycle water discharged from the simulated water tank 1; a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7; a plurality of pollutant injection holes 4 are formed in the side wall of the experimental tank 3 and can be used for injecting pollutants into the simulated water tank 1; a water drenching device 8 is also arranged right above the experimental tank 3, and the water drenching device 8 is connected with an external water pipe and is used for increasing precipitation conditions and changing precipitation intensity; a plurality of spray holes are uniformly formed in the water sprayer 8 and used for uniformly spraying water to the simulation water tank 1;
the two simulated water tanks 1 are arranged on the left side and the right side in the experimental tank 3 and are used for controlling the height of a water head to form a stable flow field; one side of each of the two simulated water tanks 1 is communicated with the experimental tank 3, and a perforated plate 2 is arranged at the communicated position; a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water is respectively arranged outside the two simulated water tanks 1, and a water pump for injecting water or draining water is also arranged outside the simulated water well 7; the simulated aquifer in the experimental tank 3 is filled with quartz sand with proper grain size.
The simulation well 7 is used for simulating artificial interference caused by pumping water or injecting water; the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of an opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer.
Carrying out acid washing and alkali washing on quartz sand with the particle size of 200nm, drying after overnight, uniformly paving the quartz sand in an experimental groove 3, properly shaking during filling to ensure uniform filling, placing a simulated water well 7 with holes at the periphery of the bottom in the experimental groove 3, wrapping and fixing the periphery by fillers such as quartz sand, and then placing a soil layer with the thickness of about 6cm above the quartz sand. Starting the two peristaltic pumps 6, adjusting the heights of the simulated water tanks 1 on the two sides to enable the water head difference between the two simulated water tanks to be 10cm, and after the height of the water tank is fixed, continuing for 3 hours to form a stable flow field; in order to increase the simulation under the precipitation condition, the size of the water drencher 8 is adjusted to be 10 mm/d; a water pump connected with the simulated water well 7 is started, the artificial interference of recharging is simulated at the flow speed of 0.1mL/min, and the flow field is kept stable after the speed is kept for 3 hours; and (3) injecting the pollutant injection hole 4 at the lowest part of the dyed n-hexane pollutant solution into the experimental groove 3, and qualitatively observing the migration of the pollutant.
Example 2
An experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance comprises:
the experimental groove 3 is used for simulating an aquifer and an aeration zone; the experimental groove 3 is of a step-shaped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5 which can collect and recycle water discharged from the simulated water tank 1; a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7; a plurality of pollutant injection holes 4 are formed in the side wall of the experimental tank 3 and can be used for injecting pollutants into the simulated water tank 1; a water drenching device 8 is also arranged right above the experimental tank 3, and the water drenching device 8 is connected with an external water pipe and is used for increasing precipitation conditions and changing precipitation intensity; a plurality of spray holes are uniformly formed in the water sprayer 8 and used for uniformly spraying water to the simulation water tank 1;
the two simulated water tanks 1 are arranged on the left side and the right side in the experimental tank 3 and are used for controlling the height of a water head to form a stable flow field; one side of each of the two simulated water tanks 1 is communicated with the experimental tank 3, and turbulators are arranged at the communicated positions; a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water is respectively arranged outside the two simulated water tanks 1, and a water pump for injecting water or draining water is also arranged outside the simulated water well 7; the simulated aquifer in the experimental tank 3 is filled with quartz sand with proper grain size.
The simulation well 7 is used for simulating artificial interference caused by pumping water or injecting water; the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of an opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer.
Carrying out acid washing and alkali washing on quartz sand with the particle size of 300nm, drying after overnight, uniformly paving the quartz sand in an experimental groove 3, properly shaking during filling to ensure uniform filling, placing a simulated water well 7 with holes at the periphery of the bottom in the experimental groove 3, wrapping and fixing the periphery by fillers such as quartz sand, and then placing a soil layer with the thickness of about 3cm above the quartz sand. Starting the two peristaltic pumps 6, adjusting the heights of the simulated water tanks 1 on the two sides to enable the water head difference between the two simulated water tanks to be 3cm, and after the height of the water tank is fixed, continuing for 3 hours to form a stable flow field; a water pump connected with the simulated water well 7 is started, the artificial interference of recharging is simulated at the flow speed of 0.1mL/min, and the flow field is kept stable after the speed is kept for 3 hours; and injecting the dyed n-hexane pollutant solution into the experimental groove 3 from the uppermost pollutant injection hole 4, and qualitatively observing the migration of the pollutants.
Example 3
An experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance comprises:
the experimental groove 3 is used for simulating an aquifer and an aeration zone; the experimental groove 3 is of a step-shaped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental groove 3 are respectively provided with a water outlet switch 5 which can collect and recycle water discharged from the simulated water tank 1; a simulation well 7 is arranged in the experiment groove 3, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed in the periphery of the bottom of the simulation well 7; a plurality of pollutant injection holes 4 are formed in the side wall of the experimental tank 3 and can be used for injecting pollutants into the simulated water tank 1; a water drenching device 8 is also arranged right above the experimental tank 3, and the water drenching device 8 is connected with an external water pipe and is used for increasing precipitation conditions and changing precipitation intensity; a plurality of spray holes are uniformly formed in the water sprayer 8 and used for uniformly spraying water to the simulation water tank 1;
the two simulated water tanks 1 are arranged on the left side and the right side in the experimental tank 3 and are used for controlling the height of a water head to form a stable flow field; one side of each of the two simulated water tanks 1 is communicated with the experimental tank 3, and a perforated plate 2 is arranged at the communicated position; a peristaltic pump 6 for pumping water is respectively arranged outside the two simulated water tanks 1, and a water pump for injecting water or draining water is also arranged outside the simulated water well 7; the simulated aquifer in the experimental tank 3 is filled with quartz sand with proper grain size.
The simulation well 7 is used for simulating artificial interference caused by pumping water or injecting water; the simulated water well 7 is made of PVC-U materials, and the aperture of an opening at the bottom of the simulated water well 7 is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer.
Carrying out acid washing and alkali washing on quartz sand with the particle size of 250nm, drying after overnight, uniformly paving the quartz sand in an experimental groove 3, properly shaking during filling to ensure uniform filling, placing a simulated water well 7 with holes at the periphery of the bottom in the experimental groove 3, wrapping and fixing the periphery by fillers such as quartz sand, and then placing a soil layer with the thickness of about 4cm above the quartz sand. Starting the two peristaltic pumps 6, adjusting the heights of the simulated water tanks 1 on the two sides to enable the water head difference between the two simulated water tanks to be 6cm, and after the height of the water tank is fixed, continuing for 3 hours to form a stable flow field; in order to increase the simulation under the precipitation condition, the size of the water drencher 8 is adjusted to be 20 mm/d; a water pump connected with the simulated water well 7 is started, the artificial interference of recharging is simulated at the flow speed of 0.2mL/min, and the flow field is kept stable after the speed is kept for 3 hours; and injecting the dyed n-hexane pollutant solution into the experimental groove 3 from the pollutant injection hole 4 at the middle position, and qualitatively observing the migration of the pollutants.
The invention can simulate the change of underground water flow field under the condition of artificial disturbance and the research of the change of the migration rule of pollutants in underground water caused by the change, the quartz sand after acid washing and alkali washing with proper grain size is utilized to simulate the aquifer, the acid washing and alkali washing reduce fine dust and impurities with unclear components on the surface of the quartz sand, the aquifer is used as the aquifer with good porosity, the quartz sand with the same grain size or undisturbed soil is laid above the aquifer according to the experimental purpose to simulate the actual condition from the aquifer to the aeration zone, then the different flow fields of the underground water are simulated by adjusting the height change of the simulated water tanks 1 at two sides, the water level of the simulated water well 7 is changed by the water pump to simulate the underground water flow field under the condition of artificial disturbance, the different degrees of precipitation are simulated by the water spraying speed of the water sprayer 8, the simple underground water flow field environment in the current situation is changed, and the pollutants can enter from the simulated aquifer and also can, the migration rule of pollutants under various conditions can be simulated.
The simulated well 7 is added into the experimental tank 3 for simulating the underground water, the water taking and recharging processes are simulated by pumping or injecting water, the strength and the persistence of artificial interference can be changed by adjusting the flow speed and the like, the underground water flow field change under the artificial interference condition can be simulated to a certain extent, the migration track and the migration rule of pollutants under the artificial interference condition are further researched, the experimental repeatability and the operability are strong, and the application prospect is better.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for research pollutant migration law in groundwater under artifical disturbance which characterized in that includes:
the experimental groove is used for simulating an aquifer and an aeration zone;
the two simulated water tanks are arranged on the left side and the right side in the experiment tank and are used for controlling the height of the water head to form a stable flow field;
the simulated well is used for simulating artificial interference caused by pumping water or injecting water.
2. The experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the experimental tank has a stepped structure, and the left side and the right side of the bottom of the experimental tank are respectively provided with a water outlet switch.
3. The experimental facility for studying the migration rule of pollutants in groundwater under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 2, wherein a simulated well is disposed in the experimental tank, and a plurality of openings are uniformly formed around the bottom of the simulated well.
4. The experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 3, wherein the simulated water well is made of PVC-U material, and the aperture of the bottom opening of the simulated water well is smaller than the particle size of the quartz sand of the aquifer.
5. The experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under the artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 3, wherein a plurality of pollutant injection holes are further formed in the side wall of the experimental tank, and each pollutant injection hole comprises a sleeved glass tube and a sleeved rubber sleeve.
6. The experimental facility for studying the migration rule of pollutants in groundwater under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 5, wherein a water shower is further installed right above the experimental tank, and the water shower is connected with an external water pipe.
7. The experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 6, wherein a plurality of spraying holes are uniformly formed in the water sprayer.
8. The experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 1, wherein one side of each of the two simulated water tanks is communicated with the experimental tank, and a perforated plate or a turbulator is arranged at the communication position.
9. The experimental device for researching the migration rule of pollutants in groundwater under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 8, wherein a peristaltic pump for pumping water is respectively arranged outside the two simulated water tanks, and a water pump for injecting water or draining water is also arranged outside the simulated water well.
10. The experimental facility for researching the migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance as claimed in claim 6, wherein the simulated aquifer in the experimental tank is filled with quartz sand with a proper particle size, and the simulated aeration zone is filled with quartz sand with a first-grade particle size.
CN201910929722.8A 2019-09-29 2019-09-29 Experimental device for researching migration rule of pollutants in underground water under artificial disturbance Pending CN112577856A (en)

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CN109799325A (en) * 2019-01-18 2019-05-24 河海大学 A kind of device and its application method for simulating underground bearing course Salt Transport Characteristics in Soil rule
CN109668809A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-04-23 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 Valley plain band accumulation of soluble substances and Migration Simulation experimental provision and method
CN110070789A (en) * 2019-03-14 2019-07-30 中冶节能环保有限责任公司 A kind of indoor simulation device of seawater invasion

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Application publication date: 20210330