CN112577754A - Engine cylinder inner space and near-wall surface visual air flue flow stabilization experiment table and experiment method - Google Patents
Engine cylinder inner space and near-wall surface visual air flue flow stabilization experiment table and experiment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steady flow experiment table and an experiment method for a visual air passage in an engine cylinder and near wall surfaces, which belong to the technical field of air inlet channel test of automobile engines, wherein the experiment table is provided with 2 identical cylinders A and B on an air flow pressure stabilizing box to test a steady flow field in the engine cylinder, the visualization of the cylinder is realized through the arrangement of a transparent cylinder sleeve, and in the cylinder B, the test of an air inlet flow field in the cylinder is carried out by utilizing the characteristic that a soft silk thread arranged in the transparent cylinder sleeve presents different swing forms in the air inlet flow field and combining the principle that a camera two-dimensional shooting picture synthesizes a three-dimensional space figure; in the air cylinder A, the vortex ratio of each height in the air cylinder is measured by using an impeller anemograph suite consisting of a plurality of layers of impellers and corresponding tachographs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air inlet channel testing of engines, in particular to a steady flow experiment table and an experiment method for a visualized air channel in an engine cylinder and close to a wall surface.
Background
In the working process of the vehicle engine, fuel oil needs to be consumed and air needs to be sucked, and the movement form of the air entering the cylinder and the combustion chamber through the air inlet of the engine has great influence on the flow field in the cylinder, and directly influences the combustion characteristic in the cylinder, thereby influencing the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the engine. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a targeted study on the intake motion characteristics of the engine intake passage. According to the difference of the application and the performance of the automobile, the air inlet structure of the automobile engine on the existing market is also in a diversified design, and can be roughly divided into a tumble air inlet (generally applied to a gasoline engine), a single-spiral air inlet (generally applied to a diesel engine), a double-spiral air passage, a spiral/tangential air inlet and other main forms in structure. The air passages with different forms and different structural parameters can generate airflow motion forms with different characteristics in the space in the cylinder and the area (close to the wall surface) close to the wall surface of the cylinder, and directly influence the oil-gas mixing and combustion rate in the cylinder. Therefore, through the properly designed engine air passage, air flow movement matched with fuel injection can be formed in the cylinder, so that more sufficient oil-gas mixing is realized, and meanwhile, the propagation of flame in the cylinder can be promoted, so that the effects of improving the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the internal combustion engine, improving the emission characteristic and reducing the combustion noise are achieved. Therefore, through a series of experiments and test methods, the analysis of the gas flow field characteristics of the space in the engine cylinder and the near-wall surface area is an important means for the optimization design of the engine air inlet structure.
Currently, techniques for testing and evaluating gas flow fields in engine cylinders mainly include: laser doppler testing (LDH), Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), hot wire wind velocity testing (HWV). In the test methods, most of the test methods can only show two-dimensional static images of the flow field in the cylinder, and cannot provide more detailed flow field information; the 3D-PIV system can obtain the three-dimensional flow field velocity slice of the airflow in the cylinder, but the test method has the advantages of high test cost, complex operation and complex data processing, and greatly limits the application range of the method.
Based on the problems, the invention designs the experiment table for stabilizing the flow of the visualized air passage in the engine cylinder and close to the wall surface. The air passage experiment table is simple in structure, low in cost and convenient to operate, and is suitable for directly observing the air flow field of the space in the engine cylinder and the area close to the wall surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a visual air passage steady flow experiment table for the space in an engine cylinder and the near wall surface, which can realize visual display of three-dimensional flow field characteristics of the space in the engine cylinder and the near wall surface and monitor the eddy current ratio of each height in the cylinder under the same condition.
The invention discloses a steady flow experiment table for a visual air passage in an engine cylinder and close to a wall surface, which comprises an air cylinder A, an air cylinder B, an air flow pressure stabilizing box and a computer, wherein the air cylinders A and B are jointly arranged on the air flow pressure stabilizing box and are communicated with the air flow pressure stabilizing box;
the cylinder A and the cylinder B are provided with a valve lift regulator, an inlet valve, an air passage core box, an air inlet channel and a transparent cylinder sleeve which have the same structure and specification, and the different parts of the cylinder A and the cylinder B are as follows: a fine steel wire frame net is arranged in a transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder B, when a near-wall flow field is measured, an annular fine steel wire frame net is used, the annular fine steel wire frame net is provided with more than two layers of annular steel wires, soft silk threads are uniformly bonded on the annular steel wires, when a space flow field is measured, a # -shaped fine steel wire frame net is used, the # -shaped fine steel wire frame net is provided with more than two layers of # -shaped steel wire frames, the # -shaped steel wire frames are uniformly bonded with the soft silk threads, the soft silk threads are blown by air flow to generate deflection, and the air flow direction and the intensity of different areas in the cylinder are measured by observing and measuring the deflection direction and the deflection amplitude of the soft; the air speed impeller assembly is arranged in the transparent cylinder sleeve of the air cylinder A and is a plurality of impellers arranged from bottom to top, each impeller is pushed by an intake vortex, and the vortex ratios at different heights in the air cylinder are calculated by measuring the rotating speed of each impeller.
Furthermore, the number of layers of the fine steel wire frame net is the same as the number of the impellers, and the installation height of each impeller is correspondingly equal to the layer top height of each layer of the fine steel wire frame net.
The diameter of the thin steel wire is preferably 0.3mm-2mm, the optimal diameter is 0.8mm, the diameter of the soft silk thread is preferably 0.05-1 mm, the length of the silk thread is preferably 8mm-30mm, and the optimal length is 18 mm.
In order to facilitate observation and identification, the soft silk thread adhered on the same layer of the fine steel wire frame net is coated with different color codes, and furthermore, at least 3 cameras are arranged outside the transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder B to realize panoramic shooting inside the cylinder B, and each camera is electrically connected with the computer, shoots under the control of the computer and transmits the shot pictures to the computer for processing.
In order to facilitate the calculation of the eddy current ratio, laser tachometers with the same number as the impellers are arranged outside the transparent cylinder sleeve of the air cylinder A, the laser tachometers correspond to the impellers one by one to realize the rotation speed measurement of the impellers, and the tachometers are electrically connected with the computer.
When the engine cylinder inner space and near-wall surface visual air passage steady flow experiment table works, the valve lift regulators of the air cylinder A and the air cylinder B are respectively adjusted, so that the lifts of the air inlet valves of the two air cylinders are kept consistent; the operation of the Roots blower is controlled by a computer, signals of a differential pressure sensor and a laminar flow flowmeter are detected by the computer, when a measured value of the differential pressure sensor reaches an experimental set value, the Roots blower is controlled to keep working continuously under a constant working condition, the deflection direction and the deflection amplitude of a soft silk thread in a cylinder B are observed and measured, the turbine rotating speeds at different heights in the cylinder A are observed and measured, qualitative analysis can be carried out on the flow field characteristics and the vortex ratio in the cylinder through observation, the deflection direction and the deflection amplitude of the soft silk thread are measured, a user can use the computer to simulate or compare experiments to obtain the flow field strength and direction at each silk thread, the quantitative analysis of the flow field in the cylinder is realized, and the vortex ratio in the cylinder is obtained through the measurement of the impeller rotating speed and the relation of the vortex ratio; when the flow field state in the cylinder B is shot by the camera, the computer controls each camera to start shooting the state of the soft silk thread in the cylinder B, the camera transmits a shot two-dimensional picture back to the computer, a user synthesizes the two-dimensional picture into a three-dimensional space graph through the computer, drawing of the flow field state in the cylinder space or the near wall surface is completed, and flow field information in the transparent cylinder sleeve is obtained; by utilizing the same characteristics of the two transparent cylinder sleeves, the flow field information and the vortex ratio in the cylinder can be obtained simultaneously.
The measured value of the laminar flow meter and the rotating speed of the impeller can be used for calculating the flow coefficient and the vortex ratio of the cylinder, and the formula for calculating the flow coefficient is as follows:
The formula for calculating the swirl ratio is:
Is an imaginary engine speed [ min ]-1]；
Is density in cylinder [ kg/m ]3]；
D is the cylinder diameter [ m ];
Sis a stroke [ m]。
The invention also discloses a method for carrying out experiments by using the experiment table, which comprises the following steps:
s1, confirming that the cylinder B is provided with the # -shaped thin steel wire frame net adhered with the soft wire, and if the cylinder B is provided with the annular thin steel wire frame net, replacing the cylinder B with the # -shaped thin steel wire frame net;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators of the cylinder A and the cylinder B, and keeping the intake valves at the same height, namely keeping the lift of the valves consistent;
s3, controlling the starting Roots blower to work at a constant small flow rate by the computer, and monitoring a differential pressure sensor signal;
s4, controlling the flow of the Roots blower to be increased by the computer, simultaneously acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the Roots blower to work at the constant rotating speed if the differential pressure reaches an experimental set value; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the blower is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer acquires and records the measured value of the laminar flow meter in real time, the acquired value of the laminar flow meter can be used for calculating the flow coefficient, the computer acquires and records the measured value of each laser tachometer in real time, and the acquired value of the laser tachometer can be used for calculating the vortex ratio;
s5, synchronously controlling each camera by the computer, shooting a two-dimensional picture of the motion form of the soft silk thread in the transparent cylinder sleeve, transmitting the picture back to the computer for digital synthesis processing, and displaying a spatial three-dimensional flow field diagram;
and S6, controlling the Roots blower to stop running by the computer, and finishing the experiment.
The experimental method for measuring the near-wall flow field in the cylinder comprises the following steps:
s1, confirming that the annular thin steel wire frame net adhered with the soft wire is installed in the cylinder B, and if the installed thin steel wire frame net is a # -shaped thin steel wire frame net, replacing the thin steel wire frame net with the annular thin steel wire frame net;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators of the cylinder A and the cylinder B, and keeping the intake valves at the same height, namely keeping the lift of the valves consistent;
s3, controlling the starting Roots blower to work at a constant small flow rate by the computer, and monitoring a differential pressure sensor signal;
s4, controlling the flow of the Roots blower to be increased by the computer, simultaneously acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the Roots blower to work at the constant rotating speed if the differential pressure reaches an experimental set value; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the blower is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer acquires and records the measured value of the laminar flow meter in real time, the acquired value of the laminar flow meter can be used for calculating the flow coefficient, the computer acquires and records the measured value of each laser tachometer in real time, and the acquired value of the laser tachometer can be used for calculating the vortex ratio;
s5, synchronously controlling each camera by the computer, shooting a two-dimensional picture of the motion form of the soft silk thread in the transparent cylinder sleeve, transmitting the picture back to the computer for digital synthesis processing, and displaying a spatial three-dimensional flow field diagram;
and S6, controlling the Roots blower to stop running by the computer, and finishing the experiment.
The invention is that 2 identical cylinders A and B are arranged on an airflow pressure stabilizing box to test a steady-state flow field in an engine cylinder, the visualization of the cylinders is realized through the arrangement of a transparent cylinder sleeve, and in the cylinder B, the testing of the air inlet flow field in the cylinder is carried out by utilizing the characteristic that a soft silk thread arranged in the transparent cylinder sleeve presents different swing forms in the air inlet flow field and combining the principle that a camera two-dimensional shooting picture synthesizes a three-dimensional space graph; in the cylinder A, the vortex ratio of each height in the cylinder is measured by using an impeller anemograph suite consisting of a plurality of layers of impellers and corresponding tachographs, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, a soft silk thread method is adopted to directly observe the flow field in the space in the cylinder and the local area near the wall surface, and a camera is used for shooting and synthesizing the three-dimensional flow field image in the cylinder, so that the representation of the flow field in the cylinder is more real and intuitive, the experiment operation is convenient, the cost is low, and the experiment result is reliable; secondly, impeller anemometers with different heights are adopted, eddy currents with different heights in an engine cylinder can be tested at one time and synchronously, and compared with a single-blade anemometer, the height of a blade does not need to be adjusted repeatedly, so that the consistency of test data is better, and test errors caused by repeatedly adjusting the height of the blade are avoided as much as possible; the air flow states in the cylinders of the air cylinder A and the air cylinder B are not different, the flow field and the vortex ratio in the cylinders can be synchronously measured, the mutual interference of the flow field test and the vortex ratio test can be effectively avoided, and the test precision is further improved; the air passage steady flow experiment table is simple in overall structure, low in technical requirements on various test devices, low in cost for building the experiment table, simple in test process, low in professional requirements on testers, high in test result feedback speed and favorable for achieving optimization design of the air passage structure in a short period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a visual air passage flow stabilizing experiment table for an in-cylinder space and a near-wall surface of an engine.
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a wire frame net shaped like a Chinese character 'jing'.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of the cross-shaped fine steel wire mesh in fig. 2 with soft wires bonded thereto.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of an endless fine wire frame mesh.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the endless fine wire frame mesh of fig. 4 with soft wires bonded thereto.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the air velocity impeller of fig. 1.
The reference numbers in the figures: 1. a cylinder A; 2. a cylinder B; 3. a valve lift adjuster; 4. an intake valve; 5. an air duct core box; 6. an air inlet channel; 7. a transparent cylinder liner; 8. an annular fine steel wire frame net, 81, a # -shaped fine steel wire frame net; 9. soft silk threads; 10. an airflow pressure stabilizing box; 11. a differential pressure sensor; 12. an air cleaner; 13. a laminar flow meter; 14. a Roots blower; 15. a laser tachometer; 16. a computer; 17. a wind speed impeller assembly; 21. Camera A; 22. camera number B; 23. camera C; 25. a shaft; 26. an impeller; 27. and (6) scribing.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of a steady flow experiment table for a visualized air passage in an engine cylinder and near wall surface of the invention, which comprises an air cylinder a1, an air cylinder B2, an air flow pressure stabilizing box 10 and a computer 16, wherein the air cylinders a1 and B2 are jointly arranged on the air flow pressure stabilizing box 10 and communicated with the air flow pressure stabilizing box 10, a shell of the air flow pressure stabilizing box 10 is provided with a differential pressure sensor 11, the differential pressure sensor 11 is used for measuring the differential pressure between the internal air pressure and the external atmospheric pressure of the air flow pressure stabilizing box 10, the air flow pressure stabilizing box 10 is provided with an air flow outlet, the air flow outlet is sequentially connected with an air filter 12, a laminar flow meter 13 and a roots blower 14, the differential pressure sensor 11, the laminar flow meter 13 and the roots blower 14 are electrically connected with the computer 16, the computer 16 collects the measured values of the differential pressure, the measured value of the differential pressure sensor 11 reaches the set value by controlling the flow rate of the roots blower 14.
The cylinder A1 and the cylinder B2 are provided with a valve lift regulator 3, an intake valve 4, an air channel core box 5, an air inlet channel 6 and a transparent cylinder sleeve 7 which have the same structure and specification, and the cylinder A1 and the cylinder B2 are different in that: an annular thin steel wire frame net 8 is arranged in a transparent cylinder sleeve 7 of a cylinder B, the annular thin steel wire frame net 8 is used for an experiment for measuring a near-wall surface flow field, if the experiment is used for measuring a space flow field, the annular thin steel wire frame net 8 is replaced by a well-shaped thin steel wire frame net 81, the thin steel wire frame net is formed by thin steel wires with the uniform diameter of 0.8mm, 4 layers of thin steel wire rings are arranged on the annular thin steel wire frame net 8 from bottom to top, 20 soft wires 9 are uniformly bonded on each layer of steel wire rings, the soft wires 9 are polyester silk threads with the diameter of 0.2mm and the length of 18mm, the soft wires on the same layer are coated with different colors, 4 layers of well-shaped steel wire frames are arranged on the well-shaped thin steel wire frame net 81 from bottom to top, one soft wire 9 is bonded at the steel wire intersection and the tail end of the well-shaped steel wire frames, namely, 12 soft wires 9 are bonded on each layer of well-shaped steel wire frames, and the soft wires on the same layer, during the experiment, the soft silk thread is blown by the air flow to generate deflection, and the deflection direction and the deflection amplitude of the soft silk thread are observed and measured to measure the air flow direction and the strength of different areas in the cylinder; the wind speed impeller assembly 17 is arranged in a transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder A1, the wind speed impeller assembly 17 is 4 impellers 26 arranged from bottom to top, the 4 impellers are all arranged on the shaft 25 through bearings, the installation height of the lowest impeller is equal to the height of the annular steel wire at the lowest layer of the annular thin steel wire frame net 8, the installation height of the second impeller is equal to the height of the annular steel wire at the second layer from bottom to top, and so on, the installation height of each impeller is equal to the height of each annular steel wire at the corresponding layer, similarly, the installation height of each impeller is also equal to the height of the # -shaped steel wire frame at the corresponding layer, namely, the installation height of each impeller is equal to the corresponding layer top height of each layer of the thin steel wire frame net, and the hub of each impeller is provided with a scribed; the device is characterized in that 4 laser tachometers 15 are arranged outside a transparent cylinder sleeve of the air cylinder A1 from bottom to top, each laser tachometer corresponds to each impeller one by one, laser of each laser tachometer irradiates on a hub of the corresponding impeller, when the impeller rotates, the laser tachometers count through the induction scribed lines 27 to realize rotation speed measurement of each impeller, each laser tachometer is electrically connected with the computer 16, each impeller is pushed by intake vortex during experiments, and vortex ratios of different heights in the air cylinder are calculated by measuring the rotation speed of each impeller.
The camera 21, the camera 22 and the camera 23 are arranged outside the transparent cylinder sleeve 7 of the cylinder B2, the camera 21 and the camera 22 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the transparent cylinder sleeve 7 of the cylinder B2, the camera 23 is arranged on the front side or the back side of the transparent cylinder sleeve 7 of the cylinder B2, the shooting directions of the camera 21, the camera 22 and the camera 23 are mutually vertical in the figure 1, panoramic shooting inside the cylinder B2 is achieved through the three cameras, each camera is electrically connected with the computer 16, and shooting is carried out under the control of the computer 16, and shot two-dimensional pictures of the motion forms of the soft wires are transmitted to the computer to be digitally synthesized and processed into a three-dimensional flow field diagram.
The invention relates to an experimental method for measuring the space and flow field in a cylinder, which comprises the following steps:
s1, confirming that the air cylinder B2 is provided with the well-shaped thin steel wire frame net 81 adhered with the soft wire, and if the annular thin steel wire frame net 8 is provided, replacing the well-shaped thin steel wire frame net 81;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators 3 of the cylinder A1 and the cylinder B2 to ensure that the lift of the valves of the two cylinders is 2 mm;
s3, the computer 16 controls and starts the Roots blower 14, controls the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to be 10 r/min, performs constant small-flow work, simultaneously monitors the signal of the differential pressure sensor 11, and checks whether the function is normal;
s4, controlling the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to increase, namely increasing the flow rate, acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor 11 and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the motor of the Roots blower 14 to work at the constant speed if the differential pressure reaches the experiment set value of 6.5 kPa; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower 14 is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the Roots blower 14 is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer collects the measured value of the laminar flow meter 13 and records the measured value in real time, and the computer 16 collects the measured value of each laser tachometer 15 and records the measured value in real time;
s5, the computer 16 synchronously controls the camera 21, the camera 22 and the camera 23, takes a two-dimensional picture of the motion state of the soft silk thread 9 in the transparent cylinder sleeve 7, and transmits the picture back to the computer 16 for digital synthesis processing, and a space three-dimensional flow field diagram is displayed;
s6, the computer 16 calculates the vortex ratio by using the relation between the impeller speed and the vortex ratio;
and S7, the computer 16 controls the Roots blower 14 to stop running, and the experiment is completed.
The second embodiment of the experimental method for measuring the space and flow field in the cylinder by using the engine in-cylinder space and near-wall surface visual airway steady flow experiment table is as follows:
s1, confirming that the air cylinder B2 is provided with the well-shaped thin steel wire frame net 81 adhered with the soft wire, and if the annular thin steel wire frame net 8 is provided, replacing the well-shaped thin steel wire frame net 81;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators 3 of the cylinder A1 and the cylinder B2 to ensure that the lift of the valves of the two cylinders is 10 mm;
s3, the computer 16 controls and starts the Roots blower 14, controls the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to be 10 r/min, performs constant small-flow work, simultaneously monitors the signal of the differential pressure sensor 11, and checks whether the function is normal;
s4, controlling the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to increase, namely increasing the flow rate, acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor 11 and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the motor of the Roots blower 14 to work at the constant speed if the differential pressure reaches the experiment set value of 2.5 kPa; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower 14 is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the Roots blower 14 is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer collects the measured value of the laminar flow meter 13 and records the measured value in real time, and the computer 16 collects the measured value of each laser tachometer 15 and records the measured value in real time;
s5, the computer 16 synchronously controls the camera 21, the camera 22 and the camera 23, takes a two-dimensional picture of the motion state of the soft silk thread 9 in the transparent cylinder sleeve 7, and transmits the picture back to the computer 16 for digital synthesis processing, and a space three-dimensional flow field diagram is displayed;
s6, the computer 16 calculates the vortex ratio by using the relation between the impeller speed and the vortex ratio;
and S7, the computer 16 controls the Roots blower 14 to stop running, and the experiment is completed.
The first embodiment of the experimental method for measuring the near-wall flow field in the cylinder by using the visualized air passage flow stabilizing experiment table for the space in the engine cylinder and the near-wall surface of the invention is as follows:
s1, confirming that the annular thin steel wire frame net 8 adhered with the soft wire is installed in the cylinder B2, and if the thin steel wire frame net 81 in a shape of a Chinese character jing is installed, replacing the thin steel wire frame net 8 with the annular thin steel wire frame net 8;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators 3 of the cylinder A1 and the cylinder B2 to ensure that the lift of the valves of the two cylinders is 2 mm;
s3, the computer 16 controls and starts the Roots blower 14, controls the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to be 10 r/min, performs constant small-flow work, simultaneously monitors the signal of the differential pressure sensor 11, and checks whether the function is normal;
s4, controlling the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to increase, namely increasing the flow rate, acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor 11 and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the motor of the Roots blower 14 to work at the constant speed if the differential pressure reaches the experiment set value of 6.5 kPa; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower 14 is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the Roots blower 14 is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer collects the measured value of the laminar flow meter 13 and records the measured value in real time, the collected value of the laminar flow meter 13 can be used for calculating the flow coefficient, the computer 16 collects the measured value of each laser tachometer 15 and records the measured value in real time, and the collected value of the laser tachometer can be used for calculating the vortex ratio;
s5, the computer 16 synchronously controls the camera 21, the camera 22 and the camera 23, takes a two-dimensional picture of the motion state of the soft silk thread 9 in the transparent cylinder sleeve 7, and transmits the picture back to the computer 16 for digital synthesis processing, and a space three-dimensional flow field diagram is displayed;
and S6, the computer 16 controls the Roots blower 14 to stop running, and the experiment is completed.
The second embodiment of the experimental method for measuring the near-wall flow field in the cylinder by using the visualized air passage flow stabilizing experiment table for the space in the engine cylinder and the near-wall surface is as follows:
s1, confirming that the annular thin steel wire frame net 8 adhered with the soft wire is installed in the cylinder B2, and if the thin steel wire frame net 81 in a shape of a Chinese character jing is installed, replacing the thin steel wire frame net 8 with the annular thin steel wire frame net 8;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators 3 of the cylinder A1 and the cylinder B2 to ensure that the lift of the valves of the two cylinders is 10 mm;
s3, the computer 16 controls and starts the Roots blower 14, controls the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to be 10 r/min, performs constant small-flow work, simultaneously monitors the signal of the differential pressure sensor 11, and checks whether the function is normal;
s4, controlling the motor speed of the Roots blower 14 to increase, namely increasing the flow rate, acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor 11 and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the motor of the Roots blower 14 to work at the constant speed if the differential pressure reaches the experiment set value of 2.5 kPa; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower 14 is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the Roots blower 14 is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer collects the measured value of the laminar flow meter 13 and records the measured value in real time, the collected value of the laminar flow meter 13 can be used for calculating the flow coefficient, the computer 16 collects the measured value of each laser tachometer 15 and records the measured value in real time, and the collected value of the laser tachometer can be used for calculating the vortex ratio;
s5, the computer 16 synchronously controls the camera 21, the camera 22 and the camera 23, takes a two-dimensional picture of the motion state of the soft silk thread 9 in the transparent cylinder sleeve 7, and transmits the picture back to the computer 16 for digital synthesis processing, and a space three-dimensional flow field diagram is displayed;
and S6, the computer 16 controls the Roots blower 14 to stop running, and the experiment is completed.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an engine cylinder inner space and near wall visual air flue stationary flow laboratory bench which characterized in that: the air cylinder A and the air cylinder B are jointly arranged on the air flow pressure stabilizing box and are communicated with the air flow pressure stabilizing box, a shell of the air flow pressure stabilizing box is provided with a pressure difference sensor, the pressure difference sensor is used for measuring the pressure difference between the internal air pressure and the external atmospheric pressure of the air flow pressure stabilizing box, the air flow pressure stabilizing box is provided with an air flow outlet, the air flow outlet end is sequentially connected with an air filter, a laminar flow meter and a Roots blower, the pressure difference sensor, the laminar flow meter and the Roots blower are electrically connected with a computer, the computer collects the measured values of the pressure difference sensor and the laminar flow meter in real time and controls the operation of the Roots blower, and the measured value of the pressure difference sensor reaches a set value;
the cylinder A and the cylinder B are provided with a valve lift regulator, an inlet valve, an air passage core box, an air inlet channel and a transparent cylinder sleeve which have the same structure and specification, and the different parts of the cylinder A and the cylinder B are as follows: a fine steel wire frame net is arranged in a transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder B, when a near-wall flow field is measured, an annular fine steel wire frame net is used, the annular fine steel wire frame net is provided with more than two layers of annular steel wires, soft silk threads are uniformly bonded on the annular steel wires, when a space flow field is measured, a # -shaped fine steel wire frame net is used, the # -shaped fine steel wire frame net is provided with more than two layers of # -shaped steel wire frames, the # -shaped steel wire frames are uniformly bonded with the soft silk threads, the soft silk threads are blown by air flow to generate deflection, and the air flow direction and the intensity of different areas in the cylinder are measured by observing and measuring the deflection direction and the deflection amplitude of the soft; the air speed impeller assembly is arranged in the transparent cylinder sleeve of the air cylinder A and is a plurality of impellers arranged from bottom to top, each impeller is pushed by an intake vortex, and the vortex ratios at different heights in the air cylinder are calculated by measuring the rotating speed of each impeller.
2. The engine in-cylinder space and near-wall surface visualization air flue flow stabilization experimental bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of layers of the fine steel wire frame net is the same as that of the impellers, and the installation height of each impeller is correspondingly equal to the layer top height of each layer of the fine steel wire frame net.
3. The engine in-cylinder space and near-wall surface visualization air flue flow stabilization experimental bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the soft wires adhered to the same layer on the fine steel wire frame net are coated with different color codes.
4. The engine in-cylinder space and near-wall surface visualization air flue flow stabilization experimental bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outside of the transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder B is at least provided with 3 cameras to realize panoramic shooting inside the cylinder B, and each camera is electrically connected with the computer and shoots under the control of the computer and transmits the shot pictures to the computer for processing.
5. The engine in-cylinder space and near-wall surface visualization air flue flow stabilization experimental bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: the laser tachometers with the same number as the impellers are arranged outside the transparent cylinder sleeve of the air cylinder A, the laser tachometers correspond to the impellers one by one, so that the rotating speed measurement of the impellers is realized, and the tachometers are electrically connected with the computer and transmit the measured values to the computer for processing.
6. The engine in-cylinder space and near-wall surface visualization air flue flow stabilization experimental bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: the laser tachometers with the same number as the impellers are arranged outside the transparent cylinder sleeve of the air cylinder A, the laser tachometers correspond to the impellers one by one, so that the rotating speed measurement of the impellers is realized, and the tachometers are electrically connected with the computer and transmit measured values to the computer.
7. The engine in-cylinder space and near-wall surface visualization air flue flow stabilization experimental bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: the three-dimensional flow field image shooting device is characterized in that 3 cameras are arranged outside the transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder B, and are respectively a camera (21), a camera (22) and a camera (23), the cameras (21) and the cameras (22) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder B, the cameras (23) are arranged on the front side or the back side of the transparent cylinder sleeve of the cylinder B, the shooting directions of the cameras (21), the cameras (22) and the cameras (23) are mutually perpendicular, panoramic shooting inside the cylinder B is achieved through the three cameras, the cameras are electrically connected with a computer, and two-dimensional pictures of shot soft silk thread motion forms are shot under the control of the computer and are transmitted to the computer to be subjected to digital synthesis processing to form a three-dimensional.
8. The experimental method for measuring the flow field of the space in the cylinder by using the experimental table for the steady flow of the visualized air passage in the space in the cylinder and near the wall surface of the engine as claimed in claim 7 comprises the following steps:
s1, confirming that the cylinder B is provided with the # -shaped thin steel wire frame net adhered with the soft wire, and if the cylinder B is provided with the annular thin steel wire frame net, replacing the cylinder B with the # -shaped thin steel wire frame net;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators of the cylinder A and the cylinder B, and keeping the intake valves at the same height, namely keeping the lift of the valves consistent;
s3, controlling the starting Roots blower to work at a constant small flow rate by the computer, and monitoring a differential pressure sensor signal;
s4, controlling the flow of the Roots blower to be increased by the computer, simultaneously acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the Roots blower to work at the constant rotating speed if the differential pressure reaches an experimental set value; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the blower is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer acquires and records the measured value of the laminar flow meter in real time, and the computer acquires and records the measured value of each laser tachometer in real time;
s5, synchronously controlling each camera by the computer, shooting a two-dimensional picture of the motion form of the soft silk thread in the transparent cylinder sleeve, transmitting the picture back to the computer for digital synthesis processing, and displaying a spatial three-dimensional flow field diagram;
and S6, controlling the Roots blower to stop running by the computer, and finishing the experiment.
9. The experimental method for measuring the flow field of the space in the cylinder by using the experiment table for stabilizing the flow of the visualized air passage in the space in the cylinder and near the wall surface of the engine as claimed in claim 7 comprises the following steps:
the experimental method for measuring the near-wall flow field in the cylinder comprises the following steps:
s1, confirming that the annular thin steel wire frame net adhered with the soft wire is installed in the cylinder B, and if the installed thin steel wire frame net is a # -shaped thin steel wire frame net, replacing the thin steel wire frame net with the annular thin steel wire frame net;
s2, adjusting the valve lift regulators of the cylinder A and the cylinder B, and keeping the intake valves at the same height, namely keeping the lift of the valves consistent;
s3, controlling the starting Roots blower to work at a constant small flow rate by the computer, and monitoring a differential pressure sensor signal;
s4, controlling the flow of the Roots blower to be increased by the computer, simultaneously acquiring the measured value of the differential pressure sensor and recording the measured value in real time, and controlling the Roots blower to work at the constant rotating speed if the differential pressure reaches an experimental set value; if the pressure difference is smaller than the experiment set value, the flow of the Roots blower is continuously controlled to be increased until the pressure difference reaches the experiment set value, the blower is stabilized to work at the constant rotating speed, then the computer acquires and records the measured value of the laminar flow meter in real time, and the computer acquires and records the measured value of each laser tachometer in real time;
s5, synchronously controlling each camera by the computer, shooting a two-dimensional picture of the motion form of the soft silk thread in the transparent cylinder sleeve, transmitting the picture back to the computer for digital synthesis processing, and displaying a spatial three-dimensional flow field diagram;
and S6, controlling the Roots blower to stop running by the computer, and finishing the experiment.
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