CN112576183B - Screw drilling tool - Google Patents
Screw drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112576183B CN112576183B CN201910932679.0A CN201910932679A CN112576183B CN 112576183 B CN112576183 B CN 112576183B CN 201910932679 A CN201910932679 A CN 201910932679A CN 112576183 B CN112576183 B CN 112576183B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a screw drilling tool, comprising: a motor assembly having a stator and a rotor; the energy storage assembly is connected to the downstream end of the motor assembly and comprises an energy storage element shell fixedly connected with the stator and a central shaft fixedly connected with the rotor, wherein the central shaft is sleeved with an energy storage element, and the energy storage element can store the rotational kinetic energy output by the motor assembly and release the rotational kinetic energy periodically; an impact assembly connected to the downstream end of the energy storage assembly, comprising a first impact body and a second impact body disposed within the energy storage element housing; the first impact body and the second impact body are respectively and circumferentially fixedly connected with the energy storage element shell and the central shaft so as to generate relative rotation under the action of the rotation speed difference of the stator and the rotor, and the first impact body can be made to do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of the relative rotation, so that the energy storage element can periodically store and release energy, and periodic axial impact is generated on the second impact body through the first impact body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling engineering, and particularly relates to a downhole tool in the oil and gas drilling engineering, in particular to a screw drilling tool.
Background
Drilling acceleration technology is an important topic in oil and gas well engineering. With the exploitation of oil and gas fields, oil and gas exploration gradually advances to deep layers, the proportion of complex stratum and difficult stratum increases, the difficulty of rock breaking increases, and the oil and gas well engineering has more urgent demands on drilling acceleration technology and tools. In order to meet the construction requirements in difficult formations, many whirl tools based on whirl drilling acceleration techniques have emerged.
The current rotary impact tools can be divided into jet impact accelerating tools, pulse impact accelerating tools and mechanical rotary impact drilling tools from the working principle. The jet type impact accelerating tool utilizes a jet element to drive an impact hammer to generate impact load by changing the direction of underground drilling fluid. The impulse impact accelerating tool utilizes a valve disc interception or hydraulic oscillation cavity to generate hydraulic impulse oscillation in the tool, and utilizes hydraulic impact load to drive an impact mechanism to generate impact load. The mechanical rotary drilling tool uses the rotary power source of screw or turbine, etc. and uses the rotation speed difference between stator and rotor to drive the impact hammer to produce impact load. In contrast, the mechanical rotary drilling tool has better speed-up effect and longer service life, so the mechanical rotary drilling tool is a main implementation mode of the current rotary drilling speed-up technology.
However, the prior art whirling tools still have some problems. For example, most of the rotary tools have single functions, sacrifice the rotating speed of the screw drilling tool, only can realize axial impact, cannot realize high-speed combined rotary drilling, and have low mechanical drilling speed and low drilling efficiency. In addition, the performance parameters of the rotary flushing tool cannot be determined on the ground, the correlation between the magnitude of the axial impact force and drilling parameters such as the weight on bit is too strong, and the application range of the rotary flushing tool is small.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a screw drilling tool. The screw drilling tool can convert rotational kinetic energy into axial impact kinetic energy by utilizing the rotation speed difference between the stator and the rotor of the motor assembly, store energy and release energy so as to generate axial impact force, thereby forming axial impact on a drill bit, obviously improving the rock breaking efficiency and mechanical rotation speed of the screw drilling tool and enhancing the rock breaking effect of impact. Moreover, the screw drilling tool has strong applicability and can be applied to shaft construction under various different working conditions.
To this end, according to the invention there is provided a screw drilling tool comprising: a motor assembly for converting drilling fluid pressure into mechanical energy to provide driving force; the energy storage assembly is connected to the downstream end of the motor assembly and comprises an energy storage element shell fixedly connected with a stator in the motor assembly, a central shaft concentrically arranged in the energy storage element shell and fixedly connected with a rotor in the motor assembly, and an energy storage element sleeved on the central shaft and capable of compressing energy storage and releasing energy; and an impact assembly connected to the lower end of the energy storage assembly for converting potential energy stored by the energy storage element into an axial impact force, comprising a first impact body disposed within the energy storage element housing and a second impact body downstream of the first impact body; the first impact body and the second impact body are respectively and circumferentially fixedly connected with the energy storage element shell and the central shaft so as to generate relative rotation under the action of the rotating speed difference of the stator and the rotor, and the first impact body and the second impact body are configured to enable the first impact body to do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of relative rotation, so that the energy storage element stores and releases energy periodically, and periodic axial impact is generated on the second impact body through the first impact body.
In a preferred embodiment, the first impact body is configured as a prismatic body provided with a central channel, and the corresponding inner wall region of the energy storage element housing is arranged to fit the outer circumferential surface of the prismatic body, so that the first impact body forms a circumferential fixed connection with the energy storage element housing.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the central channel is circular and the diameter of the central channel is larger than the outer diameter of the central shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, a first circumferential tooth is configured on the lower end surface of the first impact body, a second circumferential tooth matched with the first circumferential tooth is arranged on the upper end of the second impact body, and the first impact body and the second impact body are in contact fit with each other through the first circumferential tooth and the second circumferential tooth, and the first impact body is made to do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of relative rotation.
In a preferred embodiment, the tooth top heights of the first circumferential tooth and the second circumferential tooth are each set in the range of 10-30mm, and the tooth top inclination angles are set in the range of 10 ° -20 °.
In a preferred embodiment, a spline is arranged at the lower part of the central shaft, a key groove is correspondingly arranged on the inner wall of the upper part of the second impact body, and the central shaft and the second impact body are in circumferential fixed connection through the spline and the key groove in an adaptive installation mode.
In a preferred embodiment, the splines have an axial length in the range of 300-400mm, a circumferential width in the range of 30-50mm and a radial height in the range of 20-40 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, an annular closed cavity is formed between the motor assembly and the axial direction of the second impact body and between the central shaft and the radial direction of the energy storage element housing, and the energy storage element and the first impact body are arranged in the closed cavity and are filled with lubricating grease.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the energy storage element is fixedly connected to the energy storage element housing, and the lower end face forms a press-fit contact with the upper end face of the first impact body.
In a preferred embodiment, the end of the second impact body is provided with a step part, the end of the energy storage element housing is provided with an anti-drop nut for limiting the step part, and the end of the second impact body is fixedly connected with an adapter for connecting a drill bit.
Drawings
The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a screw drilling tool according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a cross-section along line A-A in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of the first impact body in the screw drilling tool shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view along line B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 shows the structure of a second impact body in the screw drilling tool shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 to 8 schematically show a plan view of the tooth form between the first impact body and the second impact body and the tooth form engagement process.
In this application, all of the figures are schematic drawings which are intended to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the present application, the end of the screw drilling tool lowered into the well bore near the wellhead is defined as an upper end or the like, and the end far from the wellhead is defined as a lower end or the like.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a progressive cavity drilling tool 100 according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the progressive cavity drilling tool 100 includes a motor assembly 110, an energy storage assembly 120, and an impact assembly 130, which are sequentially connected. The motor assembly 110 serves as a driving power source for providing rotational power to convert drilling fluid hydraulic energy into rotational mechanical energy. The energy storage assembly 120 is connected with the motor assembly 110 for storing rotational mechanical energy output by the motor assembly, and the energy storage assembly 120 can be periodically output. The impact assembly 130 is connected with the energy storage assembly, and the impact assembly 130 can receive the energy stored by the energy storage assembly 120, convert the energy into axial mechanical impact energy and output the axial mechanical impact energy to a drill bit of a drilling tool, so that impact rock breaking is realized, and the rock breaking efficiency and the rock breaking effect of the drill bit are improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor assembly 110 includes a housing 111 configured in a cylindrical shape. A stator 112 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing 111, and the stator 112 is a hollow cylinder. Inside the stator 112, a rotor 113 is concentrically arranged, and the rotor 113 can rotate relative to the stator 112 under the action of the drilling fluid, thereby converting pressure potential energy of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy to provide rotational power. An upper joint 101 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the housing 111, and the upper joint 101 is used for connecting with other parts. A drop prevention assembly 102 is provided in the upper joint 101, and the drop prevention assembly 102 is connected with the upper end of the rotor 113 for preventing the rotor 113 from dropping. In one embodiment, the drop prevention assembly 102 employs drop prevention bolts.
According to the present invention, a universal shaft 114 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotor 113, and the universal shaft 114 is used to transmit the rotational power generated by the rotor 113. A cylindrical cardan shaft housing 115 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the housing 111, and a cardan shaft 114 is concentrically arranged in the cardan shaft housing 115. In addition, a water cap 116 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the universal shaft 114, and the water cap 116 is used for diverting drilling fluid. In one embodiment, the upper end of the water cap 116 is configured as a trapezoidal shaped connector. The water cap 116 is fixedly connected with the universal shaft 114 through a trapezoidal connecting buckle.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor assembly 110 further includes a bearing housing 117. The bearing housing 117 is configured in a cylindrical shape, and both ends of the bearing housing 117 are configured as a positive taper link and a negative taper link, respectively. The upper end of the bearing housing 117 is fixedly connected with the cardan shaft housing 115 through a negative conical connecting buckle, and the lower end is connected with other parts through a positive conical connecting buckle. This structure of the bearing housing 117 facilitates installation connection, and can ensure stability of connection between the bearing housing 117 and other parts.
According to the invention, a transmission shaft 118 is provided in the bearing housing 117, the transmission shaft 118 being arranged concentrically in the bearing housing 117. The transmission shaft 118 is used to transmit torque generated by the rotary power source. The transmission shaft 118 is configured as a hollow cylinder, and one end (upper end in fig. 1) of the transmission shaft 118 is configured as a trapezoidal connecting buckle. And a stepped portion is formed on an outer wall surface of the transmission shaft 118. The transfer shaft 118 is fixedly connected with the water cap 116 through a trapezoidal connecting buckle. The transmission shaft 118 is fitted with a thrust bearing 119, and the transmission shaft 118 is fitted into the bearing housing 117 via the thrust bearing 119, so that the transmission shaft 118 can rotate relative to the bearing housing 117. During operation, the thrust bearing 119 is capable of centering the transfer shaft 118, thereby ensuring smooth transfer of the transfer shaft 118. At the same time, the transfer shaft 118 enables axial pressure transfer, thereby transferring the upper bit weight from top to bottom to the lower bit.
In the present embodiment, the thrust bearing 119 is provided with adjustment rings at both axial ends thereof, respectively. One end of the adjustment ring at the upper end of the thrust bearing 119 is in contact with the shaft end of the thrust bearing 119, and the other end is seated on the stepped portion of the transmission shaft 118 to form an axial fixation. A first shoulder portion is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the bearing housing 117, and one end of the adjustment ring of the lower end of the thrust bearing 119 is in contact with the thrust bearing 119, and the other end is seated on the first shoulder portion. The adjusting ring is made of brass or hard plastic. The adjustment ring can adjust the axial mounting length of the thrust bearing 119 to ensure stability of the screw tool 100.
As shown in fig. 1, an energy storage assembly 120 is connected to a lower end of the motor assembly 110. The energy storage assembly 120 includes an energy storage element housing 121, and the energy storage element housing 121 is configured in a cylindrical shape and is fixedly connected with the bearing housing 117. In one embodiment, the upper end of the energy storage element housing 121 is configured as a negative taper connector that mates with a positive taper connector at the lower end of the bearing housing 117 to form a fixed connection. A central shaft 122 is provided in the energy storage element housing 121, the central shaft 122 being substantially hollow cylindrical, and the central shaft 122 being concentrically arranged in the energy storage element housing 121. The upper end of the center shaft 122 is configured as a trapezoidal connecting buckle, and a second shoulder portion is formed on the inner wall of the upper end of the center shaft 122. The lower end surface of the transfer shaft 118 sits on the second shoulder portion and forms a fixed connection with the center shaft 122 by a trapezoidal shaped connector. In one embodiment, an O-ring seal is provided at the end of the trapezoidal shaped connector.
According to the present invention, the energy storage assembly 120 further includes an energy storage element 123 sleeved on the central shaft 122. The energy storage element 123 may be a disc spring or a torsion spring. Preferably, the energy storage element 123 employs a disc spring. The upper end of the energy storage element 123 is in contact with the lower end face of the bearing housing 117, and the lower end of the energy storage element 123 is pressed against the upper end face of the impact assembly 110. The impact assembly 130 is configured to periodically reciprocate axially, thereby periodically axially compressing the energy storage element 123 to store and release energy, thereby generating an axial impact force on the impact assembly 130 and transmitting to the drill bit to effect impact breaking.
In the present embodiment, an annular closed cavity is formed between the bearing housing 117 and the axial direction of the impact assembly 130 and between the central shaft 122 and the radial direction of the energy storage element housing 121. The energy storage element 123 is disposed in the closed cavity, and the closed cavity is filled with lubricating oil or solid grease. Therefore, the key impact components of the energy storage element 123 and the impact assembly 130 can be lubricated and ground down through the lubricating oil or the lubricating grease, so that impact abrasion between the torsion impact piece 140 and the impact assembly 130 can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the speed increasing tool 100 is remarkably prolonged. The lubricating grease is high-temperature resistant, can lubricate and absorb heat generated by impact between the energy storage element 123 and the impact assembly 130, and lubricate and rub the energy storage element 123 and the impact assembly 130, so that impact abrasion between the torsion energy storage body 190 and the impact body 180 is effectively reduced, and the service life of the speed increasing tool 100 is remarkably prolonged.
According to the present invention, the impact assembly 130 is provided at the lower end of the energy storage assembly 120 and is connected to the energy storage assembly 120 for generating an axial impact force. As shown in fig. 1, the impact assembly 130 includes a first impact body 140 and a second impact body 150, the first impact body 140 being at an upper end of the second impact body 150. Thus, the first impact body 140 is axially between the energy storage element 123 and the second impact body 150, and the lower end of the energy storage element 123 is pressed against the upper end surface of the first impact body 140 to form a contact fit. The first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are disposed within the energy storage element housing 121 and are mounted in a concentric arrangement within a lower region of the energy storage element housing 121. The first and second impact bodies 140 and 150 are configured to relatively rotate under the rotation speed difference of the stator 112 and the rotor 113 of the horseshoe assembly 110, and to periodically reciprocate the first impact body 140 axially under the relative rotation, so that the energy storage element periodically stores and releases energy to generate periodic axial impact force to the drill bit through the impact assembly 130.
As shown in fig. 2, the first impact body 140 is configured as a regular prism provided with a central passage, and the inner wall region of the energy storage element housing 121, to which the first impact body 140 is correspondingly mounted, is provided to be fitted with the outer circumferential surface of the regular prism, so that the first impact body 140 and the energy storage element housing 121 form a circumferentially fixed connection. The cross section of the central passage of the first impact body 140 is circular, and the diameter of the central passage is larger than the outer diameter of the central shaft 122, so that the first impact body 140 can rotate relative to the central shaft 122. Thus, the first impact body 140 rotates synchronously with the energy storage element housing 121, thereby conforming the first impact body 140 to the stator speed in the motor assembly 110. As shown in fig. 3, the first circumferential teeth 141 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are provided at the lower end of the first impact body 140, and the number of teeth of the first circumferential teeth 141 is 3 to 6. The tip height of the first circumferential teeth 141 is set in the range of 10-30mm, and the tip inclination angle is set in the range of 10 ° -20 °. Preferably, the tooth surfaces of the first circumferential teeth 141 are arranged with the cemented carbide and the high-toughness metal being distributed at intervals, so as to ensure that the tooth surfaces have the effects of impact resistance and wear resistance. The function of the first circumferential teeth 141 of the first impact body 140 will be described below.
As shown in fig. 4, the second impact body 150 is configured in a substantially hollow cylinder shape. The upper end portion of the second impact body 150 is spline-coupled to the lower end portion of the central shaft 122. A spline groove is provided in the inner wall surface of the second impact body 150, and a spline that can be fitted to the spline groove is provided in the lower end portion of the center shaft 122. A seal is provided between the central shaft 122 and the mounting surface of the second impact body 150 to provide an axially dynamic sealing connection between the central shaft 122 and the second impact body 150. The length of the spline is set in the range of 300-400mm, the width is set in the range of 30-50mm, and the height is set in the range of 20-40 mm. In one embodiment, 8 spline grooves are provided in the second impact body 150, and 8 splines are provided on the outside of the lower end of the central shaft 122. Thus, the second impact body 150 is fixedly connected with the central shaft 122 in the circumferential direction through the spline, so that the rotation speed of the second impact body 150 is consistent with that of the rotor 113 in the motor assembly 110, and the torque output by the motor assembly 110 can be transmitted to the drill bit.
In one embodiment, a seal (not shown) is provided between the second impact body 150 and the mounting interface of the energy storage element housing 121, such that a dynamic seal is formed between the second impact body 150 and the energy storage element housing 121. Therefore, the sealing performance of the closed cavity can be effectively ensured.
As shown in fig. 5, a second circumferential tooth 151 that is fitted to the first circumferential tooth 141 is provided on the upper end surface of the second impact body 150. The first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 can form a contact fit by means of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151. The first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are driven by the rotation speed difference between the stator and the rotor of the motor assembly 110 to generate relative rotation, and correspondingly, the first impact body 140 is driven to periodically perform axial reciprocating motion along the tooth surfaces of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151. Likewise, the tooth surfaces of the second circumferential teeth 151 are formed by cemented carbide and high-toughness metal in a spaced arrangement, so that the tooth surfaces are guaranteed to have impact resistance and wear resistance.
In the present embodiment, a stepped portion is provided outside the lower end of the second impact body 150. The second impact body 150 is disposed in the energy storage element housing 121, and a drop prevention nut 171 is installed at an end of the energy storage element housing 121 to prevent the second impact body 150 from dropping. During normal drilling, the gap between the stepped portion of the second impact body 150 and the drop nut 171 is in the range of 5-20 mm. And under the working condition that the drill bit is not provided with a bit pressure, such as tripping, the step part of the second impact body 150 is in contact fit with the anti-drop nut 171, so as to prevent the second impact body 150 from dropping. A adapter 170 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second impact body 150 through threads, and the adapter 170 is used to connect a drill bit so as to transmit impact force generated by the screw drilling tool 100 to the drill bit.
In the screw drilling tool 100 according to the present invention, during the actual installation, the central shaft 122 is first coupled to the transmission shaft 118 on the basis of the upper motor assembly 110, then the energy storage element 123 and the first impact body 140 are sleeved in the central shaft 122, then the energy storage element housing 121 is sleeved outside the central shaft 122 and fixedly coupled with the bearing housing 117, then the second impact body 150 is mounted to the lower portion of the energy storage element housing 121, and the drop-preventing nut 171 is mounted, and then the adapter 170 is fixedly coupled to the lower end of the second impact body 150 by screw threads, thereby completing the installation of the screw drilling tool 100.
The operation of the progressive cavity drilling tool 100 according to the present invention is briefly described below. First, the screw drilling tool 100 is lowered into a well bore construction stratum, and after drilling fluid flows into the screw drilling tool 100, the rotor 113 in the motor assembly 110 is driven to rotate at a high speed, and the universal shaft 114, the water cap 116, the transmission shaft 118 and the central shaft 122 are sequentially driven to rotate synchronously to form a high-speed rotation, so that the rotation speed of the second impact body 150 is consistent with that of the rotor 113 of the motor assembly 110. Meanwhile, the stator 112 of the motor assembly 110 sequentially drives the housing 111, the cardan shaft housing 115, the bearing housing 117 and the energy storage element housing 121 to rotate synchronously, so that the rotation speed of the first impact body 140 is consistent with that of the stator 112 of the motor assembly 110. In this way, the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 are relatively rotated by the rotation speed difference between the stator 112 and the rotor 113 of the motor assembly 110. Thus, under the relative rotation action of the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150, the first impact body 140 performs periodic axial reciprocating motion through the cooperation of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151, so as to drive the energy storage element 123 to periodically store and release energy. Specifically, when the first impact body 140 moves axially upward, the energy storage element 123 is compressed to store energy. When the first impact body 140 moves to the highest point, it quickly falls back. At this time, the elastic potential energy of the energy storage element 123 is released, and the elastic potential energy is converted into mechanical impact energy, so that the first impact body 140 generates an axial impact force on the second impact body 150, and the axial impact force is transferred to the drill bit through the adapter 170, thereby realizing an axial rock breaking impact.
Fig. 6 to 8 show the development lines of the tooth shapes of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151, thereby showing the meshing process of the tooth shapes of the first circumferential teeth 141 and the second circumferential teeth 151. As shown in fig. 6 to 8, it is assumed that fig. 6 shows an initial state when the progressive cavity drilling tool 100 is at a certain moment. With the relative rotation between the first and second impact bodies 140 and 150, the first impact body 140 is caused to move axially upward by the meshing action of the first and second circumferential teeth 141 and 151. Then, as shown in fig. 8, the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 continue to rotate relatively due to the rotation speed difference until the tooth top of the first impact body 140 engages with the tooth bottom of the second impact body 150, and at this time, the first impact body 140 generates an axial impact on the second impact body 150. During operation, the first impact body 140 and the second impact body 150 continuously rotate relative to each other under the action of the rotary power source, so that the first impact body 140 generates periodic axial impacts on the second impact body 150, and the screw drilling tool 100 generates periodic axial impacts on the drill bit.
The impact frequency and impact power of the screw drilling tool 100 according to the present invention can be achieved by adjusting the elastic stiffness, the number of teeth, the tooth top height, the tooth surface inclination angle, etc. of the energy storage element 123.
The screw drilling tool 100 according to the present invention can utilize the rotational speed difference between the stator 112 and the rotor 113 of the motor assembly 110 to convert rotational kinetic energy into axial impact kinetic energy, thereby remarkably improving the rock breaking efficiency and mechanical rotational speed of the screw drilling tool 110 and enhancing the impact rock breaking effect. The screw drilling tool 100 can store and release energy through the energy storage element 123, can adjust the performance parameters of the screw drilling tool 100 on the ground according to specific working conditions, is stable and reliable, high in safety and strong in applicability, and can be applied to shaft construction of various different working conditions such as a vertical well, a directional well and the like. In addition, the screw drilling tool 100 has a simple structure, simple and convenient operation and construction process and high construction efficiency.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only of a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the techniques described in the foregoing examples, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A screw drilling tool, comprising:
a motor assembly (110) for converting drilling fluid pressure into mechanical energy to provide driving force, comprising a housing (111), a stator (112), a rotor (113), a cardan shaft housing (115) fixedly connected to the lower end of the housing, a cardan shaft (114) fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotor, and a bearing housing (117) fixedly connected to the lower end of the cardan shaft housing, a water cap (116) being fixedly connected to the lower end of the cardan shaft;
an energy storage assembly (120) connected to the downstream end of the motor assembly, the energy storage assembly comprising an energy storage element housing (121) fixedly connected to a stator (112) in the motor assembly, a central shaft (122) concentrically disposed within the energy storage element housing and fixedly connected to a rotor (113) in the motor assembly, and an energy storage element (123) capable of compressing energy storage and releasing energy sleeved on the central shaft; and
the impact assembly (130) is connected to the lower end of the energy storage assembly and used for converting potential energy stored by the energy storage element into axial impact force, the impact assembly comprises a first impact body (140) and a second impact body (150) which are arranged in the shell of the energy storage element and are positioned at the downstream of the first impact body, a first circumferential tooth (141) is formed on the lower end face of the first impact body, a second circumferential tooth (151) matched with the first circumferential tooth is arranged at the upper end of the second impact body, the first impact body and the second impact body form contact fit with the second circumferential tooth through the first circumferential tooth, the first impact body and the second impact body do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of relative rotation, the tooth top heights of the first circumferential tooth and the second circumferential tooth are all set to be in the range of 10-30mm, the tooth top inclination angles are set to be in the range of 10-20 ℃, and the tooth top surfaces of the first circumferential tooth and the second circumferential tooth are distributed with high-toughness metal at intervals;
wherein a transmission shaft is arranged in the bearing shell, the transmission shaft is in a hollow cylinder, the upper end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the water cap through a trapezoid connecting buckle, the lower end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the central shaft through a trapezoid connecting buckle, a thrust bearing (119) is sleeved on the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is arranged in the bearing shell (117) through the thrust bearing and can rotate relative to the bearing shell, an annular closed cavity is formed between the motor assembly and the axial direction of the second impact body and between the central shaft and the radial direction of the energy storage element shell, the energy storage element and the first impact body are arranged in the closed cavity, and lubricating grease is filled in the closed cavity, the first impact body and the second impact body are respectively and circumferentially fixedly connected with the energy storage element shell and the central shaft, so that relative rotation is generated under the action of the rotating speed difference of the stator and the rotor, and the first impact body and the second impact body are configured to enable the first impact body to do periodic axial reciprocating motion under the action of relative rotation, so that the energy storage element stores and releases energy periodically, and periodic axial impact is generated on the second impact body through the first impact body.
2. The progressive cavity drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the first impact body is configured as a prismatic body provided with a central passage, and the corresponding inner wall region of the energy storage element housing is arranged to fit the outer circumferential surface of the prismatic body, such that the first impact body forms a circumferentially fixed connection with the energy storage element housing.
3. The progressive cavity drilling tool of claim 2, wherein the central passage is circular in cross-section and has a diameter greater than an outer diameter of the central shaft.
4. The screw drill according to claim 1, wherein a spline is provided at a lower portion of the central shaft, a key groove is provided on an upper inner wall of the second impact body correspondingly, and the central shaft and the second impact body are fixedly connected in a circumferential direction by the spline and the key groove being fitted.
5. The progressive cavity drilling tool of claim 4, wherein the splines have an axial length in the range of 300-400mm, a circumferential width in the range of 30-50mm, and a radial height in the range of 20-40 mm.
6. The progressive cavity drilling tool of claim 1, wherein an upper end portion of the energy storage element is fixedly connected to the energy storage element housing and a lower end surface is in compression contact engagement with an upper end surface of the first impact body.
7. The screw drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the second impact body is provided with a step, a drop-proof nut (171) for limiting the step is mounted at the end of the energy storage element housing, and the end of the second impact body is fixedly connected with a adapter (170) for connecting a drill bit.
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| CN201910932679.0A CN112576183B (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Screw drilling tool |
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| CN201910932679.0A CN112576183B (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Screw drilling tool |
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| CN112576183B true CN112576183B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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