CN112575279B - Method for preparing Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying - Google Patents
Method for preparing Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910019819 Cr—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000926 A-3 tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
- C23C4/11—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying. The invention screens out powder with different particle size distribution from four metal powders of zirconia, yttria, chromia and silica by a screen through a plasma spraying technology, and performs mechanical mixing after drying by a powder dryer; and (3) carrying out shot blasting treatment on the surface of the workpiece to be sprayed, and spraying under the protection of argon and hydrogen to prepare the coating with heat insulation performance. The thermal insulation coating prepared by the invention has excellent performances of high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance and the like, and can effectively prolong the service life in a high-temperature environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plasma spraying, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying.
Background
With the continuous development of science and technology, the requirements of people on the surface properties of machine parts are higher and higher, and the general metal materials and engineering alloys can not meet the requirements far in the aspects of surface wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like. Plasma spraying is a material surface strengthening and surface modifying technology, which can make the surface of the matrix have the performances of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, electric insulation, heat insulation, radiation protection, antifriction, sealing and the like.
The basic principle of plasma spraying is to heat metal (or non-metal) powder to a molten or semi-molten state by a non-transferred plasma arc flame flow, and spray and deposit the powder onto the surface of a workpiece which has been treated in advance at a high speed along with the plasma flame flow, thereby forming a coating with special properties. The performance of the coating is determined by the performance of the metal powder, and the performance of the metal powder is determined by the combination of the components composing the metal powder according to a certain formula.
The thermal-insulating coating is a high-temperature protective coating widely used at home and abroad at present, the ceramic material of the thermal-insulating coating is mainly alumina, zirconia and silica, wherein the ceramic coating material with the best comprehensive performance is zirconia, but the pure zirconia material is easy to generate crystal structure conversion during high-temperature oxidation, so that the coating has cracks and the service life is greatly reduced. How to improve the impact resistance, oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance of the zirconia coating by modification and reduce the generation of cracks in the coating, so that the service life of the coating is longer and the heat-resistant temperature is higher, and is the research important direction of the technical development of the thermal insulation coating.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying, which has good thermal insulation performance, high fatigue resistance and long service life.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out mechanical grinding on four spray coating raw materials of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide and silicon oxide through a ball mill for 240-260 min respectively, grinding agglomerated powder uniformly, drying for 45min through a powder dryer, and screening to obtain powder particles with the average particle size of 13-53 mu m;
step two, weighing 100 parts of zirconia, 5.35-16.25 parts of yttria, 0.86-5 parts of chromia and 0.75-3.75 parts of silica according to the weight percentage, stirring the powder particles obtained in the step one for 120-150 min by a mixing stirrer to prepare composite powder, and sealing and storing the composite powder as a plasma spraying feed;
step three: pretreating the surface of a workpiece substrate to be sprayed, degreasing, derusting and surface shot blasting roughening until the surface is uniform and has no reflection;
step four: adopting plasma spraying equipment to spray and prepare Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating, fixing the workpiece to be sprayed, wherein the main shielding gas used by the plasma spraying equipment is Ar, and the oxidation-resistant gas is H 2 Ar gas is firstly sent, and impurities in the spray gun are carried out at the flow rate of 60-90L/minCleaning, then introducing H 2 The gas keeps the flow of 15-20L/min; the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying distance is 100-150 mm, the current is 330-370A, the spraying voltage is 90-120V, the powder feeding speed is 48-55 g/min, and the moving speed of the spray gun relative to the spraying surface is 100-150 mm/min;
step five: heating the workpiece for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat insulation coating in the step four to 500-750 ℃, preserving heat for 15-30 min, and then cooling to room temperature in a dry environment by blowing.
In the method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying, in the powder particles with the average particle diameter of 13-53 um obtained by screening in the step one, the average particle diameter of zirconium oxide is 38-53 um, the average particle diameter of yttrium oxide is 13-19 um, the average particle diameter of chromium oxide is 19-38 um, and the average particle diameter of silicon oxide is 19-38 um.
The Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating prepared in the fourth step has a coating thickness of 0.75-1 mm.
The method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying comprises the step three, wherein the workpiece to be sprayed is made of carbon steel, 316L stainless steel or nickel-based alloy materials.
In the method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying, the degreasing in the third step is performed by soaking and cleaning with acetone.
In the method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying, brown steel jade is adopted for surface shot peening roughening in the third step, and 20-30 # of shot peening granularity is adopted.
The beneficial effects are that:
the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating prepared by spraying four metal powders of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide and silicon oxide onto the surface of a workpiece through a plasma spraying technology has higher thermal insulation performance than an aluminum oxide coating, the zirconium oxide also has the characteristic of low thermal conductivity, the added yttrium oxide powder is more effective in preventing the zirconium oxide from being converted from a high-temperature cubic phase to a monoclinic phase in the cooling process, cracks caused by the increase of the crystal phase conversion volume are avoided, the fatigue resistance of the coating is improved, and trace chromium and silicon are added into the composite coating, so that the coating forms an oxide film protection layer and the corrosion resistance is improved. And the coating is subjected to post-treatment in a heat treatment mode, so that the coating is densified and forms diffusion bonding with a matrix, and the thermal shock resistance of the coating is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of describing the technical solution of the present invention in detail, to enable those skilled in the art to more accurately understand the technical principles, technical methods, and structural features of the present invention, the following detailed description is given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat-insulating coating by plasma spraying comprises the following steps:
1) The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out mechanical grinding on four spray coating raw materials of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide and silicon oxide by a ball mill for 250min, grinding agglomerated powder uniformly, drying by a powder dryer for 45min, and screening to obtain the powder with an average particle size of 44um, an average particle size of 16um, an average particle size of 26um and an average particle size of 26um;
2) The method comprises the steps of (1) calculating the weight percentage of ground and sieved powder particles, wherein each dosage unit is that 100 parts of zirconia, 8 parts of yttria, 2.8 parts of chromia and 2.3 parts of silica are respectively weighed, and the materials are stirred for 140min by a mixing stirrer to prepare composite powder which is used as plasma spraying feed for sealing and storage;
3) Degreasing and rust removal pretreatment is carried out on the surface of a workpiece substrate to be sprayed, which is made of 45# steel material, the part which is not required to be sprayed is shielded, the sprayed surface is cleaned by acetone, the sand blasting treatment is carried out after the cleaning, the shot blasting material is brown steel jade, the granularity is 30#, and the roughening treatment is carried out on the surface by using compressed air to spray until the surface is uniform and has no reflection;
4) Adopting SX-80 type plasma spraying equipment to carry out plasma spraying, adopting SG-100 type as a spray gun, and mainly protecting the spraying useThe shielding gas is Ar, and the oxidation-preventing gas is H 2 Ar gas is firstly sent, impurities in the spray gun are cleaned at the flow rate of 80L/min, and then H is introduced 2 Gas, maintaining the flow rate of 20L/min; the spraying voltage is 110V, the current is 350A, the powder feeding rate is 53g/min, the spraying distance is 120mm, and the moving speed of the spray gun relative to the spraying surface is 120mm/min. In the spraying process, an arched foldback route is adopted, the round trip distance is controlled to be 20mm, the edge of a spraying surface exceeds about 20mm, and the edge of a spraying surface coating is guaranteed to be fully combined.
When spraying the spraying surface, two layers are sprayed every time, after the time interval is 5-10 min, the spraying is continued, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be about 0.8mm so as to ensure the optimal heat insulation performance of the coating.
5) After the spraying is finished, the workpiece is placed into a heating furnace to be heated to 650 ℃, and then the workpiece is kept for 20 minutes, and is cooled to room temperature in a dry environment by blowing.
Example 2
The method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat-insulating coating by plasma spraying comprises the following steps:
1) The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out mechanical grinding on four spray coating raw materials of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide and silicon oxide by a ball mill for 260min, grinding agglomerated powder uniformly, drying by a powder dryer for 45min, and screening to obtain the powder with the average particle size of 38um, the yttrium oxide with the average particle size of 13um, the chromium oxide with the average particle size of 19um and the silicon oxide with the average particle size of 19um;
2) The method comprises the steps of (1) mixing ground and sieved powder particles according to weight percentage, weighing 100 parts of zirconia, 16.25 parts of yttria, 5 parts of chromia and 3.75 parts of silica respectively, stirring for 150min by a mixing stirrer to prepare composite powder, and sealing and storing as plasma spraying feed;
3) Degreasing and derusting pretreatment is carried out on the surface of a workpiece substrate to be sprayed, which is made of 316L stainless steel, the part which is not required to be sprayed is shielded, the sprayed surface is cleaned by acetone, the sprayed surface is subjected to sand blasting treatment after cleaning, the shot blasting material is brown steel jade, the granularity is 25#, and the compressed air is used for spraying the surface to carry out roughening treatment until the surface is uniform and has no reflection;
4) Adopting SX-80 type plasma spraying equipment to spray and prepare Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat insulation coating, adopting SG-100 type spray gun to fix the 316L workpiece to be sprayed, adopting Ar as main shielding gas and H as oxidation-resistant gas as main shielding gas 2 Ar gas is firstly sent, impurities in the spray gun are cleaned at the flow of 60L/min, and then H is introduced 2 Gas, maintaining the flow rate of 15L/min; the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying distance is 100mm, the current is 330A, the spraying voltage is 90V, the powder feeding speed is 48g/min, and the moving speed of the spray gun relative to the spraying surface is 100mm/min; in the spraying process, an arched foldback route is adopted, the round trip distance is controlled to be 20mm, the edge of a spraying surface exceeds about 20mm, and the edge of a spraying surface coating is guaranteed to be fully combined.
When spraying the spraying surface, two layers are sprayed every time, after the time interval is 5-10 min, the spraying is continued, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 0.75mm so as to ensure the optimal heat insulation performance of the coating.
5) And (3) heating the workpiece of the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat insulation coating prepared in the step (IV) to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and then cooling to room temperature in a dry environment by blowing.
Example 3
The method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat-insulating coating by plasma spraying comprises the following steps:
1) The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out mechanical grinding on four spray coating raw materials of zirconia, yttria, chromia and silica for 240min through a ball mill, grinding agglomerated powder uniformly, drying for 45min through a powder dryer, and screening to obtain the zirconia with an average particle size of 53um, the yttria with an average particle size of 19um, the chromia with an average particle size of 38um and the silica with an average particle size of 38um;
2) The method comprises the steps of (1) calculating the weight percentage of ground and sieved powder particles, respectively weighing 100 parts of zirconia, 5.35 parts of yttria, 0.86 parts of chromia and 0.75 part of silica, stirring for 120min by a mixing stirrer to prepare composite powder, and sealing and storing as plasma spraying feed;
3) Degreasing and rust removal pretreatment is carried out on the surface of a nickel-based alloy material workpiece substrate to be sprayed, the part which is not required to be sprayed is shielded, the sprayed surface is cleaned by acetone, sand blasting treatment is carried out after the cleaning, the shot blasting material is brown steel jade, the granularity range is 20#, and the roughening treatment is carried out on the surface by compressed air until no reflection exists uniformly;
4) Adopting plasma spraying equipment to spray and prepare Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating, fixing the workpiece to be sprayed, wherein the main shielding gas used by the plasma spraying equipment is Ar, and the oxidation-resistant gas is H 2 Ar gas is firstly sent, impurities in the spray gun are cleaned at the flow of 90L/min, and then H is introduced 2 Gas, maintaining the flow rate of 18L/min; the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying distance is 150mm, the current is 370A, the spraying voltage is 120V, the powder feeding rate is 55g/min, and the moving speed of the spray gun relative to the spraying surface is 150mm/min; in the spraying process, an arched foldback route is adopted, the round trip distance is controlled to be 20mm, the edge of a spraying surface exceeds about 20mm, and the edge of a spraying surface coating is guaranteed to be fully combined.
When spraying the spraying surface, two layers are sprayed every time, after the time interval is 5-10 min, the spraying is continued, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 1mm so as to ensure the optimal heat insulation performance of the coating.
5) And (3) heating the workpiece of the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat insulation coating prepared in the step (IV) to 750 ℃, preserving heat for 15min, and then cooling to room temperature in a dry environment by blowing.
As a technical improvement, the method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying can be also applied to spraying carbon steel workpieces such as A3 steel, 60 steel, 20Mn steel, 65Mn steel, T10 steel and the like.
By adopting a plasma spraying technology, four metal powders of zirconia, yttria, chromia and silica are sprayed on the surface of a workpiece, the prepared Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating has higher thermal insulation performance than an alumina coating, the zirconia also has the characteristic of low thermal conductivity, the added yttria powder is more effective in preventing the zirconia from being converted from a high-temperature cubic phase to a monoclinic phase in the cooling process, cracks caused by the increase of the crystal phase conversion volume are avoided, the fatigue resistance of the coating is improved, and trace chromium and silicon are added into the composite coating, so that the coating can form an oxide film protection layer and the corrosion resistance is improved. And the coating is subjected to post-treatment in a heat treatment mode, so that the coating is densified and forms diffusion bonding with a matrix, and the thermal shock resistance of the coating is obviously improved.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the structures, features and principles of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, carrying out mechanical grinding on four spray coating raw materials of zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide and silicon oxide through a ball mill for 240-260 min respectively, grinding agglomerated powder uniformly, drying for 45min through a powder dryer, and screening to obtain powder particles with the average particle size of 13-53 mu m;
step two, weighing 100 parts of zirconia, 5.35-16.25 parts of yttria, 0.86-5 parts of chromia and 0.75-3.75 parts of silica according to the weight percentage, stirring the powder particles obtained in the step one for 120-150 min by a mixing stirrer to prepare composite powder, and sealing and storing the composite powder as a plasma spraying feed;
step three: pretreating the surface of a workpiece substrate to be sprayed, degreasing, derusting and surface shot blasting roughening until the surface is uniform and has no reflection;
step four: adopting plasma spraying equipment to spray and prepare Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating, fixing the workpiece to be sprayed, wherein the main shielding gas used by the plasma spraying equipment is Ar, and the oxidation-resistant gas is H 2 Ar gas is firstly sent, impurities in the spray gun are cleaned at the flow of 60-90L/min, and then H is introduced 2 The gas keeps the flow of 15-20L/min; the spraying process parameters are as follows: the spraying distance is 100-150 mm, the current is 330-370A, the spraying voltage is 90-120V, the powder feeding speed is 48-55 g/min, and the moving speed of the spray gun relative to the spraying surface is 100-150 mm/min;
step five: heating the workpiece for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite heat insulation coating in the step four to 500-750 ℃, preserving heat for 15-30 min, and then cooling to room temperature in a dry environment by blowing.
2. The method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, the powder particles with the average particle diameter of 13-53 um are obtained by sieving, the average particle diameter of zirconia is 38-53 um, the average particle diameter of yttria is 13-19 um, the average particle diameter of chromia is 19-38 um, and the average particle diameter of silica is 19-38 um.
3. The method for preparing the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein the coating thickness of the Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating prepared in the fourth step is 0.75-1 mm.
4. The method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece to be sprayed in the third step is made of carbon steel, 316L stainless steel or nickel-based alloy materials.
5. The method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein degreasing in the third step is performed by soaking and cleaning with acetone.
6. The method for preparing a Zr-Y-Cr-Si composite thermal insulation coating by plasma spraying according to claim 1, wherein brown steel jade is adopted for surface shot peening roughening in the third step, and 20-30 # shot peening granularity is adopted.
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| EP0440437A2 (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-08-07 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Thermal spray material and its coated article excellent in high-temperature wear resistance and build-up resistance |
| CN106498335A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-15 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation technology of hot-end component burner inner liner high temperature coating |
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| US10519854B2 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2019-12-31 | Tenneco Inc. | Thermally insulated engine components and method of making using a ceramic coating |
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| EP0440437A2 (en) * | 1990-01-30 | 1991-08-07 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Thermal spray material and its coated article excellent in high-temperature wear resistance and build-up resistance |
| CN106498335A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-15 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation technology of hot-end component burner inner liner high temperature coating |
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