CN112575184A - Efficient desorption method for extracting gold and loading gold carbon by gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method - Google Patents
Efficient desorption method for extracting gold and loading gold carbon by gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/22—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition
- C22B3/24—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by physical processes, e.g. by filtration, by magnetic means, or by thermal decomposition by adsorption on solid substances, e.g. by extraction with solid resins
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency desorption method for extracting gold-loaded carbon by a gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method, which belongs to the field of gold smelting and comprises the following specific steps: (1) dispersing and desliming the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method, and separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water by a vibrating screen; (2) conveying the activated carbon obtained in the step (1) to a circulating conversion column, and treating the activated carbon by a conversion agent to obtain activated carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold, wherein the conversion agent is a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide; (3) and (3) conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a circulating desorption column, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, conveying the lean activated carbon to remove calcium by acid washing, wherein the desorbent is a mixed solution of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium cyanide. The invention avoids the normal operation of the gold-loaded active carbon circulating desorption system by calcium sulfate or calcium hydroxide; meanwhile, the gold calcium cyanate which is difficult to desorb is also converted into the gold sodium cyanate which is easy to desorb, so that the gold desorption rate of the gold-loaded active carbon is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency desorption method for extracting gold-loaded carbon by a gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method, belongs to the field of gold smelting, and relates to the field of gold extraction by a gold smelting carbon leaching method.
Background
In gold smelting, most of low-grade gold ore gold extraction methods adopt a carbon slurry method or a carbon leaching method, gold extraction by activated carbon adsorption is a key step, and in the process, the activated carbon can also carry out non-selective adsorption on impurity ions in ore pulp, and the adsorption quantity is positively correlated with the concentration of the impurity ions in the ore pulp. Lime is mostly used as protective alkali in the process, but the influence of the ore property on the lime dosage is large, and particularly when the process is used for treating gold-containing sulfide ore, the lime dosage is increased sharply; meanwhile, SO adsorbed by the activated carbon is generated by sulfide or dissolved sulfur ions under the catalytic oxidation and adsorption of the activated carbon4 2-With Ca2+Calcium sulfate is generated through reaction, pores of the activated carbon are blocked, and gold desorption is seriously influenced; and calcium sulfate is slightly soluble, and after the calcium sulfate and the active carbon enter a desorption system together, along with the increase of the temperature of desorption liquid and the increase of cycle times, calcium ions in the solution gradually increase, and when the calcium carbonate solubility product is reached or exceeded, hard scale (mainly comprising calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate and the like) is formed on the walls of a system pipeline, a gate valve and the like, so that the normal development of gold desorption of the gold-loaded active carbon is influenced. At present, the desorption method of the gold-loaded active carbon comprises a Zadlar desorption method, a high-temperature high-pressure desorption method and an alkaline ethanol solution desorption method. The Zadla desorption method is to add 1.0 percent of sodium hydroxide into 0.1 percent of sodium cyanide mixed solution and heat the mixture to 90 to 95 ℃, and in the actual production, 50 to 70 hours are generally needed to achieve higher desorption rate; the high-temperature high-pressure desorption method comprises the steps of loading gold-loaded carbon into a pressure container, and using a mixed solution of 0.4-1% of sodium hydroxide and 0.1% of sodium cyanide at the temperature of 130-160 ℃ and 3.6-5.9 kg/cm2Pressure and desorption time are 6-8 hours; the alkaline ethanol solution desorption method is to add 20 percent ethanol into the mixed solution of 1 percent sodium hydroxide and 0.1 to 0.2 percent sodium cyanide and desorb the mixture for 6 to 8 hours at 83 ℃ and normal pressure, but the ethanol is flammable and explosive. By adopting the methods, the gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching methodThe gold-extracting activated carbon gold is desorbed, the gold desorption rate is low, the generation cost is increased rapidly, pipelines and gate valves of a desorption system are seriously blocked, the desorption process cannot be normally carried out, and some activated carbon gold has potential safety hazards; meanwhile, when the desorbed lean carbon returns to the leaching-adsorption operation for gold extraction, the gold adsorption rate is sharply reduced, and the gold content in the tail liquid is increased, so that the total gold recovery rate is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency desorption method for extracting gold and gold-loaded carbon by a gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method, which improves the gold desorption rate of gold-loaded active carbon.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2-3% of sodium carbonate and 1-1.5% of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 5: 1-6: 1, and the conversion treatment time is 1-3 hours; sodium hydroxide is added in order to increase the pH, since at low pH the sodium carbonate solution is mostly bicarbonate, which reacts very slowly with calcium sulphate, whereas at high pH the sodium carbonate solution is mostly carbonate, which reacts quickly with calcium sulphate. The same principle of reaction with calcium hydroxide is also true.
(3) Desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a circulating desorption column, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2-3% of sodium carbonate, 1-1.5% of sodium hydroxide and 0.3% of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 140-165 ℃, and the desorption time is 16-18 hours. The sodium hydroxide is added, so that the pH value is improved and the desorption effect is realized, because at a low pH value, the sodium cyanide can be changed into hydrogen cyanide gas and overflows from the solution, and the effect is lost; and the sodium hydroxide and the sodium cyanide are added simultaneously, so that the gold desorption capacity on the activated carbon is strong. The sodium carbonate is added to improve the concentration of carbonate in the desorption solution and reduce the solubility of calcium carbonate, so that the concentration of calcium ions is reduced, and the phenomenon that the scale is formed on the wall of a pipeline or a gate valve to influence the continuous production due to overhigh concentration of the calcium ions is avoided.
The mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 2% -3% and the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 1% -1.5%; the concentration is low and the effect is reduced. High concentration, high cost, and reduced gold adsorption and durability of activated carbon.
The solubility product of calcium carbonate is far less than that of calcium sulfate or calcium hydroxide, SO that the mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide is added to convert the slightly soluble calcium sulfate or calcium hydroxide on the surface and in the pores of the gold-loaded active carbon into insoluble calcium carbonate through a circulating replacement conversion system to remove sulfate radicals (namely SO 4)2-). The method has the advantages that calcium sulfate or calcium hydroxide is prevented from entering a circulating desorption system along with gold-loaded activated carbon, calcium ions gradually rise along with the rise of the temperature of desorption liquid and the increase of the circulating times to reach or exceed the solubility product of calcium carbonate, hard scale (mainly comprising calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate and the like) is formed on the walls of system pipelines, gate valves and the like, the normal operation of the gold-loaded activated carbon circulating desorption system is influenced, calcium carbonate on the surface of poor activated carbon and in pores is easy to remove by acid pickling (hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and the like), and calcium sulfate is difficult to remove; meanwhile, in the gold-loaded active carbon, the difficult-to-desorb calcium aurocyanate is also converted into easy-to-desorb sodium aurocyanate. Then, adding a mixed desorption solution of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium cyanide into the obtained converted gold-loaded activated carbon, and desorbing gold by a circulating desorption system at the temperature of 140-165 ℃, wherein in the process, the concentration of calcium ions in the circulating desorption solution is greatly reduced due to the isoionic effect of the sodium carbonate, so that scales are difficult to form on the walls of pipelines, gate valves and the like of the system. Finally obtained containsElectrolyzing the gold noble desorption solution, and removing calcium by acid washing with lean desorption carbon.
The existing desorption method is directed at the desorption of gold-loaded activated carbon except gold-containing sulphide ores, and one reason is that sulfate radicals can influence the electrolysis and the subsequent gold mud treatment when entering the electrolysis; another reason is that the desorption is difficult to continue because the concentration of calcium ions is high, scale is formed on the pipeline and the system.
Compared with the prior method, has the advantages and positive effects
(1) The gold desorption rate of the gold-loaded active carbon is improved;
(2) the gold desorption speed of the gold-loaded activated carbon is improved, and the gold desorption speed is reduced;
(3) the production cost of the desorption link is reduced;
(4) the safe and smooth development of the desorption process is ensured;
(5) the adsorption rate of the regenerated lean activated carbon for recycling to gold in the leaching-adsorption process is improved;
(6) the process has strong adaptability, is particularly suitable for the desorption of gold-loaded activated carbon gold in the treatment of gold-containing sulphide ores by a carbon slurry method or a carbon leaching method, and has good commercial popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a high-efficiency desorption method for extracting gold and loaded carbon by a gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency desorption apparatus for extracting gold and loaded carbon by a carbon leaching method of gold-containing sulfide ore;
FIG. 2-1 is a schematic diagram of a desorption solution temperature elevation system cycle;
FIG. 2-2 is a schematic view of a cycle of the carbon desorption system for gold-loaded carbon;
FIGS. 2-3 are schematic diagrams of an electrolysis cycle;
wherein, 1: stirring barrel, 2: vibrating screen, 3: conversion solution tank, 4: a conversion circulating pump; 5: carbon storage tank, 6: cycle conversion column, 7 cycle desorption column, 8: a filter, 9: electrolytic cell, 10: desorption liquid tank, 11: 1# electric heater, 12: 2# electric heater, 13: no. 1 desorption solution circulating pump, 14: and 2# desorption liquid circulating pump.
Detailed Description
FIG. 2 shows a high-efficiency desorption system for gold-loaded carbon from gold-containing sulfide ore by carbon leaching, which comprises a mixing tank 1, a circulating conversion column 6 and a circulating desorption column 7;
the circulating conversion column 6 is a cylindrical cavity structure, the upper end of the cavity structure is provided with a feeding hole and a circulating discharging hole, and the lower end of the cavity structure is provided with a circulating feeding hole, a discharging hole and a waste converting agent discharging hole;
the circulating desorption column 7 is of a cylindrical cavity structure, the upper end of the cavity structure is provided with a feed inlet and two discharge outlets, and the lower end of the cavity structure is provided with two circulating feed inlets and a lean carbon outlet;
the device comprises a stirring barrel 1, wherein a vibrating screen 2 is arranged below the stirring barrel 1, the vibrating screen is connected with a charcoal storage tank 5 after solid is discharged, and the lower end of the charcoal storage tank 5 is connected with a circulating conversion column 6 through a pipeline;
a discharge port at the lower end of the circulating conversion column 6 is connected with a feed port at the upper end of the circulating desorption column 7 through a pipeline;
a circulating discharge hole at the upper end of the circulating conversion column 6 is connected with the conversion liquid tank 3, the conversion circulating pump 4 and a circulating feed hole at the lower end of the circulating conversion column 6 through pipelines;
a discharge port at the upper end of the circulating desorption column 6 is connected with a desorption liquid tank 10 through a pipeline;
the other discharge port at the upper end of the circulating desorption column 6 is connected with an electrolytic bath 9 through a filter 8, wherein the filtrate outlet of the filter 8 is connected with the electrolytic bath 9, and the solid of the filter 8 is treated;
the electrolyte outlet of the electrolytic cell 9 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the desorption liquid tank 10, and the other path (waste electrolyte) and the outlet pipeline of the desorption liquid tank 10 are connected with a desorption liquid circulating pump together;
the outlet of the desorption liquid circulating pump is divided into two paths, one path enters the circulating desorption column 7 from the bottom after being heated by the No. 1 electric heater 11 and the No. 2 electric heater 12, and the other path enters the leaching tank; the No. 1 electric heater 11 and the No. 2 electric heater 12 are connected in series;
a pipeline from the upper end of the circulating desorption column 7 to a desorption liquid tank is communicated with a pipeline at the outlet of the No. 1 electric heater 11, the pipeline is communicated and divided into two paths, one path enters the circulating desorption column 7 from the bottom, and the other path is connected with a pipeline from the leaching tank;
the devices are connected through pipelines, a valve is arranged at the outlet of each pipeline or device, a valve for removing the leaching tank pipeline is arranged at the tail end, and each cycle of the whole system is independently used. The transforming liquid tank 3 is provided with a transforming agent feeding port for feeding transforming agent; the desorption liquid tank 10 is provided with a desorption liquid inlet for adding desorption liquid. Except the inlet and outlet of the gold-loaded carbon in the circulating conversion column 6 and the circulating desorption column 7, the inlet and outlet of other conversion agents or desorption liquid are provided with a screen, so that gold planting is prevented from entering a pump and the gold-loaded carbon is crushed.
Further, the desorption liquid circulating pump is composed of a # 1 desorption liquid circulating pump 13 and a # 2 desorption liquid circulating pump 14, and the # 1 desorption liquid circulating pump 13 and the # 2 desorption liquid circulating pump 14 are connected in parallel for one use.
The operation process comprises the following steps:
as shown in figure 2, the gold planting activated carbon to be treated is fully stirred in a stirring barrel 1, then mud water and gold-loaded carbon are separated by a vibrating screen 2, and the gold-loaded carbon enters a circulating conversion column 6 through a carbon storage tank 5.
Opening valves among the circulating conversion column 6, the conversion liquid tank 3 and the conversion circulating pump 4, closing other valves, adding the conversion agent into the conversion liquid tank 3, enabling the conversion agent to be in full contact with the gold-loaded carbon through the conversion circulating pump 4 in a circulating manner, converting the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded active carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded active carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. And opening a valve at the discharge port of the waste transforming agent, closing other valves and releasing the waste transforming agent.
A valve between the circulating conversion column 6 and the circulating desorption column 7 is opened, so that the converted gold-loaded carbon enters the circulating desorption column 7 (in the actual production process, the circulating conversion column 6 is arranged above the circulating desorption column 7, the pipeline oblique angle is large, so that the wet gold-loaded carbon can conveniently enter the circulating desorption column 7 by utilizing the fall, the wet gold-loaded carbon has good fluidity and can flow into the circulating desorption column 7, negative pressure is applied to a discharge port at the upper end of the circulating desorption column 7 when necessary, so that the gold-loaded carbon can conveniently flow into the circulating desorption column 7, and the diagram 2 is only a schematic diagram).
As shown in fig. 2-1, the desorption solution is heated: adding desorption liquid into the desorption liquid tank 10, opening pipeline valves between the desorption liquid tank 10 and a desorption liquid circulating pump (13 or 14) and the No. 1 electric heater 11 and the No. 2 electric heater 12, closing the rest valves, and heating the desorption liquid.
As shown in fig. 2-2, the gold-loaded carbon is desorbed: when the temperature of the desorption solution rises to the required temperature (140-165 ℃), opening pipeline valves between the circulating desorption column 7, the desorption solution tank 10 and the desorption solution circulating pump (13 or 14) and the No. 1 electric heater 11 and the No. 2 electric heater 12, and closing the other valves to carry out desorption.
As shown in fig. 2-3, electrolysis: after the desorption is finished, pipeline valves between the circulating desorption column 7, the filter 8, the electrolytic tank 9, the desorption liquid tank 10 and the desorption liquid circulating pump (13 or 14) and the No. 1 electric heater 11 and the No. 2 electric heater 12 are opened, and the rest valves are closed to carry out electrolysis.
After the electrolysis is finished, the desorption barren solution in the electrolytic bath 9 and the desorption barren carbon in the circulating desorption column 7 are discharged, and the next circulation period is waited.
As shown in figure 1, the high-efficiency desorption method for extracting gold and gold-loaded carbon by a gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2-3% of sodium carbonate and 1-1.5% of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 5: 1-6: 1, and the conversion treatment time is 1-3 hours; sodium hydroxide is added in order to increase the pH, since at low pH the sodium carbonate solution is mostly bicarbonate, which reacts very slowly with calcium sulphate, whereas at high pH the sodium carbonate solution is mostly carbonate, which reacts quickly with calcium sulphate. The same principle of reaction with calcium hydroxide is also true.
(3) Desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a circulating desorption column, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2-3% of sodium carbonate, 1-1.5% of sodium hydroxide and 0.3% of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 140-165 ℃, and the desorption time is 16-18 hours. The sodium hydroxide is added, so that the pH value is improved and the desorption effect is realized, because at a low pH value, the sodium cyanide can be changed into hydrogen cyanide gas and overflows from the solution, and the effect is lost; and the sodium hydroxide and the sodium cyanide are added simultaneously, so that the gold desorption capacity on the activated carbon is strong. The sodium carbonate is added to improve the concentration of carbonate in the desorption solution and reduce the solubility of calcium carbonate, so that the concentration of calcium ions is reduced, and the phenomenon that the scale is formed on the wall of a pipeline or a gate valve to influence the continuous production due to overhigh concentration of the calcium ions is avoided.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the chemical components of the gold-bearing activated carbon extracted by the gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method are shown in a table 1-1, and the gold content of the gold-bearing activated carbon is 428g/t, the silver content is 955g/t, the sulfur content is 9500g/t, and the calcium content is 65000 g/t.
TABLE 1-1 chemical composition of gold-containing activated carbon extracted by carbon leaching of sulfide ore
The invention is used for extracting gold active carbon by a gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removingTo produce sulfate radical SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2 percent of sodium carbonate and 1 percent of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 6:1, and the conversion treatment time is 3 hours;
(3) desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a desorption column of a circulating desorption system, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2 percent of sodium carbonate, 1 percent of sodium hydroxide and 0.3 percent of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 165 ℃, and the desorption time is 18 hours.
By adopting the invention, the finally obtained test result is as follows: the desorption lean activated carbon contains 23.54g/t of gold and 66.48g/t of silver, the gold desorption rate is 95.50 percent, and the silver desorption rate is 93.00 percent. The plugging does not occur basically, and the continuous production can be carried out for at least 100 days.
Comparative experiment 1.1 (zadela desorption method-no sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in step (2) and no sodium carbonate in step (3)):
the method for extracting gold active carbon by the gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method by adopting the Zadla desorption method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) the mixture of 1.0% NaOH and 0.3% NaCN was heated to 165 deg.C for 18 hours.
The final test results obtained were: the desorption lean activated carbon contains 128g/t of gold and 310g/t of silver, the gold desorption rate is 70.50 percent, and the silver desorption rate is 67.50 percent. 4 days of blockage
Comparative experiment 1.2-sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in step (2); sodium carbonate is not added in the step (3);
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2 percent of sodium carbonate and 1 percent of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 6:1, and the conversion treatment time is 3 hours;
(3) desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a desorption column of a circulating desorption system, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 1 percent of sodium hydroxide and 0.3 percent of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 165 ℃, and the desorption time is 18 hours.
The final test results obtained were: the lean activated carbon contains 25.56k/t of gold, 95.62g/t of silver, the gold desorption rate is 94.67 percent, and the silver desorption rate is 90.35 percent. Clogging was performed for 30 days.
TABLE 1-2 comparison of test results
Example two:
the chemical components of the gold-bearing activated carbon extracted by the gold sulfide ore carbon leaching method are shown in a table 2-1, and the gold content of the gold-bearing activated carbon is 768g/t, the silver content is 3452g/t, the sulfur content is 9300g/t, and the calcium content is 51100 g/t.
TABLE 2-1 chemical composition of gold-containing activated carbon extracted by carbon leaching of sulfide ore
The invention is used for extracting gold active carbon by a gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 3 percent of sodium carbonate and 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 5:1, and the conversion treatment time is 1 hour;
(3) desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a desorption column of a circulating desorption system, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 3 percent of sodium carbonate, 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide and 0.3 percent of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 140 ℃, and the desorption time is 16 hours.
By adopting the invention, the finally obtained test result is as follows: the desorption lean activated carbon contains 26.11g/t of gold and 157.07g/t of silver, the gold desorption rate is 96.60 percent, and the silver desorption rate is 95.45 percent. The plugging does not occur basically, and the continuous production can be carried out for at least 100 days.
Comparative experiment 2.1 (zadela desorption method-no sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in step (2) and no sodium carbonate in step (3)):
the method for extracting gold active carbon by the gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method by adopting the Zadla desorption method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) the mixture of sodium cyanide 0.3% and sodium hydroxide 1.5% was heated to 140 deg.C for 16 hours.
The final test results obtained were: the desorbed lean activated carbon contains 185g/t of gold and 839g/t of silver, the gold desorption rate is 70.72 percent, and the silver desorption rate is 67.35 percent. Clogging was carried out for 5 days.
Comparative experiment 2.2-sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in step (2); sodium carbonate is not added in the step (3);
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 3 percent of sodium carbonate and 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 5:1, and the conversion treatment time is 1 hour;
(3) desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a desorption column of a circulating desorption system, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide and 0.3 percent of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 140 ℃, and the desorption time is 16 hours.
The final test results obtained were: the lean activated carbon contains 27.38k/t of gold, 291.76g/t of silver, 94.12 percent of gold desorption rate and 90.69 percent of silver desorption rate. Clogging was carried out for 32 days.
TABLE 2-2 comparison of test results
Example three:
The chemical components of the gold-bearing activated carbon extracted by the gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method are shown in a table 3-1, and the gold content of the gold-bearing activated carbon is 831g/t, the silver content is 2350g/t, the sulfur content is 9800g/t, and the calcium content is 44100 g/t.
TABLE 3-1 chemical composition of gold-containing activated carbon extracted by carbon leaching of sulfide ore
The invention is used for extracting gold active carbon by a gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2.5 percent of sodium carbonate and 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 5:1, and the conversion treatment time is 2 hours;
(3) desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a desorption column of a circulating desorption system, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2.5 percent of sodium carbonate, 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide and 0.3 percent of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 160 ℃, and the desorption time is 17 hours.
By adopting the invention, the finally obtained test result is as follows: the desorption lean activated carbon contains 31.16g/t of gold and 149.23g/t of silver, the gold desorption rate is 96.25 percent, and the silver desorption rate is 93.65 percent. The plugging does not occur basically, and the continuous production can be carried out for at least 100 days.
Comparative experiment 3.1 (zadela desorption method-no sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in step (2) and no sodium carbonate in step (3)):
the method for extracting gold active carbon by the gold-bearing sulfide ore carbon leaching method by adopting the Zadla desorption method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) the mixture of sodium hydroxide (1.5%) and sodium cyanide (0.3%) is heated to 160 deg.C for 17 hr.
The final test results obtained were: the desorption lean activated carbon contains 168g/t of gold and 625g/t of silver, the gold desorption rate is 71.34 percent, and the silver desorption rate is 68.42 percent. Clogging was carried out for 5 days.
Comparative experiment 3.2-sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in step (2); sodium carbonate is not added in the step (3);
(1) peat separation (desliming): conveying the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method to a stirring barrel for dispersing and desliming, and then separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water through a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) into a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a circulating replacement conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the active carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold. In this process, the converting agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2.5 percent of sodium carbonate and 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide, the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 5:1, and the conversion treatment time is 2 hours;
(3) desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a desorption column of a circulating desorption system, treating the activated carbon by a desorption liquid mixing agent to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon to a solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing pregnant solution to an electrolysis system, and conveying the lean activated carbon to acid-washing to remove calcium. In this process, the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 1.5 percent of sodium hydroxide and 0.3 percent of sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 160 ℃, and the desorption time is 17 hours.
The final test results obtained were: the lean activated carbon contains gold 35.85k/t, silver 196.84g/t, gold desorption rate 93.87% and silver desorption rate 89.06%. Clogging was carried out for 35 days.
TABLE 3-2 comparison of test results
The above examples illustrate that, after the conversion step (adding sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide) is added, the desorption rate of gold and silver is obviously improved, scale is not easy to form, and the operation time is obviously prolonged; the sodium carbonate is added in the desorption step, the gold and silver desorption rate is further improved, the formation of scale can be effectively hindered, the continuous production can be realized, and the problem that the desorption method cannot be used for the gold-bearing sulfide ore externally-loaded active carbon is effectively solved. The invention has stable and reliable desorption index of gold and better adaptability to the desorption of different gold-loaded active carbon.
Claims (3)
1. A high-efficiency desorption method for extracting gold and gold-loaded carbon by a gold-containing sulfide ore carbon leaching method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) peat separation: dispersing and desliming the gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the carbon leaching method, and separating the gold-loaded activated carbon from mud and water by a vibrating screen;
(2) phase transformation: conveying the clean activated carbon obtained in the step (1) to a circulating conversion column, treating the clean activated carbon by a conversion agent to convert the calcium sulfate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon into calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon, and removing sulfate radicals SO4 2-Obtaining the activated carbon containing calcium carbonate and gold, wherein the converting agent is a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, and the converting treatment time is 1-3 hours;
(3) desorbing the gold of the gold-loaded active carbon: and (3) conveying the calcium carbonate-containing gold-loaded activated carbon obtained in the step (2) to a circulating desorption column, treating the activated carbon by desorption liquid to desorb gold in the gold-loaded activated carbon into solution, conveying the obtained gold-containing noble liquid to an electrolysis system, conveying the lean activated carbon to remove calcium by acid washing, wherein the desorbent is a mixed solution of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium cyanide, the desorption temperature is 140-165 ℃, and the desorption time is 16-18 hours.
2. A high efficiency desorption process according to claim 1 wherein the conversion agent is: the mass concentration of the mixed solution is 2% -3% of sodium carbonate and 1% -1.5% of sodium hydroxide, and the volume ratio of the conversion agent to the active carbon is 5: 1-6: 1.
3. The high efficiency desorption process of claim 2 wherein the desorbent is: the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate is 2-3%, 1-1.5% of sodium hydroxide and 0.3% of sodium cyanide.
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