CN112575147A - Tubular part inner wall surface hardening device - Google Patents
Tubular part inner wall surface hardening device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112575147A CN112575147A CN202011413957.0A CN202011413957A CN112575147A CN 112575147 A CN112575147 A CN 112575147A CN 202011413957 A CN202011413957 A CN 202011413957A CN 112575147 A CN112575147 A CN 112575147A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004630 mental health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009979 protective mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface hardening device for the inner wall of a tubular part, which comprises a protection mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, an installation mechanism, a raw material mechanism, an explosion mechanism and a demolding mechanism, wherein the protection mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the tubular part; the fixing mechanism is fixedly arranged in the protection mechanism, the conveying mechanism is arranged outside the protection mechanism, the mounting mechanism is movably arranged on the conveying mechanism, the raw material mechanism is sleeved outside the mounting mechanism, the explosion mechanism is arranged outside the raw material mechanism, and the demolding mechanism is independently arranged at a place far away from the device; according to the invention, the protection box is arranged, so that dust generated by explosion can be prevented from diffusing, and part of noise generated by explosion can be isolated; the parts to be hardened can be more conveniently mounted through the two telescopic rods and the two fixing rods; through set up the locating hole of two axialities on the fixed column, can make the plug more convenient carry out the coping to its surface after using.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal hardening treatment. In particular to a surface hardening device for the inner wall of a tubular part.
Background
Because the damage and failure of the common metal material generally begin from the metal surface in the service period, such as fracture, corrosion, abrasion and the like, the quality of the surface structure performance of the metal material directly influences the comprehensive performance index of the metal material; the nano-structure layer is prepared on the surface of the conventional metal material, so that the comprehensive performance and the service time of the metal material can be greatly improved, and the explosion hardening method is simple to operate and obvious in effect, so that the explosion hardening is widely applied to the field of hardening treatment; however, in the prior art, it is not common to use a device for thinning or achieving the nanometer level of crystals on the inner wall of the tubular component, and the shock waves, noise, waste gas and dust generated by explosion hardening affect the safety and environment in and around the factory, and harm the physical and mental health of workers and surrounding residents, so an improved solution is needed to improve the situation.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention is to provide a surface hardening device for inner wall of tubular component, which can reduce the noise and dust generated by explosion hardening.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a surface hardening device for the inner wall of a tubular part comprises a protection mechanism, a fixing mechanism, a conveying mechanism, an installation mechanism, a raw material mechanism, an explosion mechanism and a demolding mechanism;
fixed establishment fixed mounting is in protection machanism's inside, transport mechanism sets up in protection machanism's outside, installation mechanism movable mounting is on transport mechanism, the raw materials mechanism cup joints in installation mechanism's outside, explosion mechanism sets up in raw materials mechanism's outside, demoulding mechanism sets up the place of keeping away from the device alone.
According to the device for hardening the surface of the inner wall of the tubular part, the protection mechanism comprises a protection box, a sealing door, a buffer box, a buffer door, an air inlet pipe, an air outlet pipe and an exhaust fan;
the protective box is of a rectangular box body structure, the protective box is made of sound insulation materials with the thickness of 20-50mm and the thickness of Q235, and the hardness of the protective box is enough to support the impact force generated by internal explosion; a sealing door is arranged on the left side of the protection box and is controlled by a controller;
a buffer box is integrally installed on one side, provided with the sealing door, of the protection box, the side area of the buffer box connected with the protection box is equal, and the buffer box and the protection box are made of the same material; a buffer door is arranged on one side of the buffer box, which is far away from the protective box, the size of the buffer door is the same as that of the sealing door, the buffer door corresponds to the sealing door in position, and the buffer door is controlled by a controller;
the gas inlet pipe is fixedly arranged at the top of the protective box, and inert gas is flushed into the protective box through the gas inlet pipe; the air outlet pipe is fixedly installed at the top of the protection box, and an exhaust fan is arranged in the air outlet pipe.
The surface hardening device for the inner wall of the tubular part comprises a fixing mechanism and a bracket, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing plate and a bracket;
the fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the inner part of the protective box and is made of pine; the support is made by pine equally, the integrative perpendicular installation of support is at the upper surface of fixed plate, just the support is cuboid platelike structure, the quantity of support is two, and two the support is located bilateral symmetry about the center of fixed plate and is set up, just the fixed slot of falling triangle-shaped has been seted up at the top of support, the length at fixed slot top equals with the length of support.
The conveying mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a guide groove, a pulley, a support rod, a top plate, a T-shaped sliding groove, a buffer block and a balance block;
one end of the bottom plate is connected with the bottom of one side of the buffer box, the bottom plate cannot influence the opening and closing of the buffer door, two guide grooves are formed in the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the guide grooves are perpendicular to the buffer door;
pulleys are arranged inside the two guide grooves and controlled by a controller, the number of the pulleys is four, supporting rods are fixedly mounted at the tops of the four pulleys, top plates are fixedly mounted at the tops of the supporting rods, the tops of the top plates cannot exceed the heights of a sealing door and a buffer door, the widths of the top plates are smaller than the widths of the sealing door and the buffer door, and the sum of the length of a buffer block and the length of a protection box in the buffer box, which are added to the part of the top plate protruding out of the supporting rod at the leftmost side, is larger than the sum of the lengths of the protection box;
the lower surface of the top plate is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove, and the T-shaped sliding groove is vertical to the buffering door; the buffer block is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top plate, the buffer block is a long strip-shaped rubber block, and the areas of the buffer block and one side of the top plate connected with the buffer block are equal; and the bottom of the rightmost side of the top plate is fixedly provided with a balance block, and the weight of the balance block is similar to that of the balance block after the raw materials are arranged on the rightmost side.
The mounting mechanism comprises a connecting block, a first telescopic rod, a first fixing rod, a sliding block, a second telescopic rod, a second fixing rod, a fixing column, a positioning hole, a core rod, a reciprocating motor, a rotating shaft and a belt;
the connecting block is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the top plate, and the connecting block is preferably fixed at the left position of the bottom of the top plate; a first telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting block, a first fixing rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the right side of the first telescopic rod, one end, far away from the first telescopic rod, of the first fixing rod is a cone, and the size of the cone can be just inserted into the positioning hole;
the sliding block is arranged in the T-shaped sliding groove in a sliding mode, the sliding block is a T-shaped sliding block, and the sliding block is just matched with the T-shaped sliding groove; a second telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding block, a second fixed rod is fixedly installed on the left side of the second telescopic rod, one end, far away from the second telescopic rod, of the second fixed rod is a cone, the size of the cone can be just inserted into the positioning hole, and the first fixed rod and the second fixed rod are located on the same axis;
the number of the fixing columns is two, the two fixing columns are the same in size and material, the diameters of the two fixing columns are 26mm, positioning holes are formed in the opposite sides of the two fixing columns, the positioning holes are conical and are matched with cone boxes at the two ends of a fixing rod, the two fixing columns are connected with a first fixing rod and a second fixing rod through the positioning holes, and the two fixing columns and a core rod are the same in material;
a core rod is integrally connected between the two fixing columns, the core rod is a cylinder, and a release agent MoS is smeared on the outer surface of the core rod2The core rod is made of die steel Cr12, 900 ℃ surface induction quenching is adopted, the heat treatment hardness ensures HRC 58-60, then finish machining is carried out to ensure the matching size, and the machining size is as follows: the diameter of one end of the core rod is 38.5mm, the diameter of the other end of the core rod is 37mm, the length of the core rod is 148mm, a certain taper is guaranteed on the surface of the core rod, the core rod and the two fixing columns are located on the same axis, and the sum of the lengths of the two fixing columns and the core rod is 180 mm;
the core rod, the fixing column and the positioning hole are integrally connected, and the core rod, the fixing column and the positioning hole form one part of the device, and the number of the parts is five;
the reciprocating motor is fixedly arranged at the top of the top plate, is positioned above the four support rods and is controlled by the controller, and the output end of the reciprocating motor penetrates through the top plate; the rotating shaft is arranged between the two telescopic rods, and the distance from the rotating shaft to the connecting block is less than the length of the core rod; the belt internal surface is provided with the screw thread, the belt both ends cup joint at the surface of reciprocating motor and pivot, the runner in the middle of the slider is passed in the centre of belt, just distance in the middle of two belts is less than the diameter of runner in the middle of the slider, the belt remains the state of tautness all the time.
The above surface hardening device for the inner wall of the tubular part comprises a gap support member and the tubular part;
the tubular part is sleeved on the outer surface of the mandrel, the tubular part is made of T2 pure copper and AISI304 stainless steel tubes, and the size of the tubular part is phi 45mm multiplied by 140mm multiplied by 5 mm;
the clearance support is made of the same material as the tubular part, the thickness of the clearance support is required to be the same as that of the clearance between the core rod and the tubular part, the clearance support is uniform, and the clearance support is placed between the core rod and the tubular part in an interference fit mode.
The surface hardening device for the inner wall of the tubular part comprises an explosion mechanism and a control mechanism, wherein the explosion mechanism comprises an explosive and an initiation detonator;
the explosive is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the tubular part, the explosive is a No. 2 rock explosive, and the density of the explosive is 1200kg/m3The detonation velocity is 3000m/s, the explosive quantity is required to meet the energy required by the surface impact of the stainless steel plate, and the metallurgical bonding between the base plate and the clad plate caused by overlarge explosive quantity is avoided, so the selection range of the explosive thickness is the key of the test, and the explosive quantity per unit area is defined to be 60% -70% of the explosive welding quantity of two metal tubes by referring to related documents and field tests:
wherein W is the unit area dose, rho is the density, K is the unit area dose coefficient, and the value of the test is obtained; delta is the thickness of the metal tube; calculating the thickness of the explosive layer by the above formula;
the detonating detonator penetrates through the protective box and is fixedly installed on the front face of the protective box, the detonating detonator is in a single-point detonating mode, and a No. 5 detonator is used as the detonating detonator.
The surface hardening device for the inner wall of the tubular part comprises a demolding mold and a press machine;
the demolding die is made of 45 steel, an inner hole of the demolding die is not chamfered, the outer diameter of the demolding die is 65mm, the inner diameter of the demolding die is 42.5mm, and the height of the demolding die is 60 mm; the press is a 300T press.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the invention, the protection box is arranged, so that dust generated by explosion can be prevented from diffusing, and part of noise generated by explosion can be isolated; the protective box is provided with a sealing door, a buffer box is arranged at the sealing door, the buffer box is also provided with a buffer door corresponding to the sealing door, after the tubular parts and the explosives are completely sleeved on the core rod, the control pulley moves towards the protective box along the guide groove, when the buffer block is provided with the wall of the protective box, the two telescopic rods simultaneously extend downwards to just place the two fixed columns on the support, after explosion occurs, the dust and the waste gas in the protective box can be extracted by the exhaust fan in the exhaust pipe for centralized treatment, when the dust in the protective box diffuses outwards through the sealing door, most of the dust can be blocked by the buffer box and the buffer door, and the pollution of the dust to the air can be effectively reduced; and when exploding, protective housing and cushion box can isolated noise, can effectively reduce noise pollution, through letting in inert gas to the protective housing, can further play the guard action to protective housing and this device part.
2. According to the invention, the parts to be hardened can be more conveniently mounted through the two telescopic rods and the two fixing rods; after the tubular part, the gap supporting piece and the explosive are fixed on the core rod, an operator holds the two fixing columns by hands, inserts the left fixing column into the first fixing rod through the positioning hole in the left fixing column, controls the reciprocating motor to operate, drives the sliding block to want to move slowly to the left until the second fixing column is inserted into the positioning hole in the right fixing column, and then enables the pulley to move, so that the part to be hardened can be sent into the protection box, and the problem that the operator cannot conveniently mount the part to be hardened and the explosive is solved.
3. According to the invention, the two coaxial positioning holes are formed in the fixing column, so that the surface of the core rod can be more conveniently polished after the core rod is used; and fixing the used core rod through two coaxial positioning holes, fixing the core rod on a grinding machine, and grinding the surface of the core rod.
4. The invention coats the surface of the core rod with a release agent MoS2The tubular part after explosion hardening is easy to separate from the core rod; the exploded mandrel is inserted into an inner hole of a demoulding mould, a press is used for exerting force downwards from a fixed column at the top, and because the release agent MoS2 is coated between the mandrel and the tubular part, the tubular part can be easily separated from the mandrel under the action of the press, and the mandrel and the tubular part can be effectively prevented from being welded in an explosion mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the protective mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the transport mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the bracket of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mandrel construction of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the demolding mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the transportation mechanism of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 100-a guard mechanism; 200-a securing mechanism; 300-a transport mechanism; 400-a mounting mechanism; 500-a raw material mechanism; 600-an explosive mechanism; 700-a demoulding mechanism; 101-a protective box; 102-a sealing door; 103-a buffer tank; 104-a buffer gate; 105-an air inlet pipe; 106-an air outlet pipe; 107-an exhaust fan; 201-fixing plate; 202-a scaffold; 301-a base plate; 302-a guide groove; 303-a pulley; 304-a support bar; 305-a top plate; 306-T type chute; 307-buffer block; 308-a balance weight; 401-connecting block; 402-a first telescoping pole; 403-a first fixed bar; 404-a slider; 405-a second telescoping rod; 406-a second fixed bar; 407-fixed column; 408-positioning holes; 409-core rod; 410-a reciprocating motor; 411-a rotating shaft; 412-a belt; 501-gap support; 502-a tubular part; 601-an explosive; 602-priming detonator; 701-demolding the mold; 702-press.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A surface hardening device for the inner wall of a tubular part comprises a protection mechanism 100, a fixing mechanism 200, a conveying mechanism 300, a mounting mechanism 400, a raw material mechanism 500, an explosion mechanism 600 and a demolding mechanism 700; the fixing mechanism 200 is fixedly arranged inside the protection mechanism 100, the transportation mechanism 300 is arranged outside the protection mechanism 100, the mounting mechanism 400 is movably arranged on the transportation mechanism 300, the raw material mechanism 500 is sleeved outside the mounting mechanism 400, the explosion mechanism 500 is arranged outside the raw material mechanism 500, and the demolding mechanism 700 is independently arranged at a place far away from the device;
as shown in fig. 1-3, a surface hardening device for the inner wall of a tubular part, a protection mechanism 100 comprises a protection box 101, a sealing door 102, a buffer box 103, a buffer door 104, an air inlet pipe 105, an air outlet pipe 106 and an exhaust fan 107; the protective box 101 is of a rectangular box body structure, the protective box 101 is made of sound insulation materials with the thickness of 20-50mm and Q235, and the hardness of the protective box 101 is enough to support the impact force generated by internal explosion; a sealing door 102 is arranged on the left side of the protective box 101, and the sealing door 102 is controlled by a controller; a buffer box 103 is integrally installed on one side, provided with the sealing door 102, of the protection box 101, the side area of the buffer box 103 connected with the protection box 101 is equal, and the buffer box 103 and the protection box 101 are made of the same material; a buffer door 104 is arranged on one side of the buffer box 103 far away from the protective box 101, the size of the buffer door 104 is the same as that of the sealing door 102, the buffer door 104 corresponds to the sealing door 102 in position, and the buffer door 104 is controlled by a controller; the gas inlet pipe 105 is fixedly arranged at the top of the protective box 101, and inert gas is filled into the protective box 101 through the gas inlet pipe 105; an air outlet pipe 106 is fixedly arranged at the top of the protective box 101, and an exhaust fan 107 is arranged inside the air outlet pipe 106; the fixing mechanism 200 includes a fixing plate 201 and a bracket 202; the fixing plate 201 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface inside the protective box 101, and the fixing plate 201 is made of pine; the brackets 202 are also made of pine, the brackets 202 are integrally and vertically arranged on the upper surface of the fixing plate 201, the brackets 202 are of a cuboid plate-shaped structure, the number of the brackets 202 is two, the two brackets 202 are symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction of the center of the fixing plate 201, inverted-triangular fixing grooves are formed in the tops of the brackets 202, and the length of the tops of the fixing grooves is equal to that of the brackets 202; the transportation mechanism 300 comprises a bottom plate 301, a guide groove 302, a pulley 303, a support rod 304, a top plate 305, a T-shaped chute 306, a buffer block 307 and a balance block 308; one end of the bottom plate 301 is connected with the bottom of one side of the buffer box 103, the bottom plate 301 cannot influence the opening and closing of the buffer door 104, the upper surface of the bottom plate 301 is provided with two guide grooves 302, and the guide grooves 302 are vertical to the buffer door 104; pulleys 303 are arranged in the two guide grooves 302, the pulleys 303 are controlled by a controller, the number of the pulleys 303 is four, and the pulleys 303 are fourThe top of each wheel 303 is fixedly provided with a support rod 304, the top of each support rod 304 is fixedly provided with a top plate 305, the top of each top plate 305 does not exceed the height of the sealing door 102 and the height of the buffer door 104, the width of each top plate 305 is smaller than the width of the sealing door 102 and the width of the buffer door 104, and the sum of the length of the part of each top plate 305, which protrudes out of the leftmost support rod 304, of the buffer block 307 is larger than the sum of the lengths of the protective box 101 in the buffer box; the lower surface of the top plate 305 is provided with a T-shaped chute 306, and the T-shaped chute 306 is vertical to the buffer door 104; the buffer block 307 is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top plate 305, the buffer block 307 is a long strip-shaped rubber block, and the areas of the buffer block 307 on one side connected with the top plate 305 are equal; a balance weight 308 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rightmost side of the top plate 305, and the weight of the balance weight 308 is similar to that of the balance weight after the raw materials are arranged on the rightmost side; the mounting mechanism 400 comprises a connecting block 401, a first telescopic rod 402, a first fixing rod 403, a sliding block 404, a second telescopic rod 405, a second fixing rod 406, a fixing column 407, a positioning hole 408, a mandrel 409, a reciprocating motor 410, a rotating shaft 411 and a belt 412; the connecting block 401 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 305, and the connecting block 401 is preferably fixed at a left position of the bottom of the top plate 305; a first telescopic rod 402 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting block 401, a first fixing rod 403 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the right side of the first telescopic rod 402, one end, far away from the first telescopic rod 402, of the first fixing rod 403 is a cone, and the size of the cone can be just inserted into the positioning hole 408; the sliding block 404 is slidably mounted in the T-shaped sliding groove 306, the sliding block 404 is a T-shaped sliding block, and the sliding block 404 is just matched with the T-shaped sliding groove 306; a second telescopic rod 405 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding block 404, a second fixing rod 406 is fixedly installed on the left side of the second telescopic rod 405, one end, far away from the second telescopic rod 405, of the second fixing rod 406 is a cone, the size of the cone can be just inserted into the positioning hole 408, and the first fixing rod 403 and the second fixing rod 406 are located on the same axis; the number of the fixed columns 407 is two, the two fixed columns 407 are the same in size and material, the diameters of the two fixed columns 407 are 26mm, positioning holes 408 are formed in opposite sides of the two fixed columns 407, the positioning holes 408 are conical and are matched with cone boxes at two ends of the fixing rod, the two fixed columns 407 are connected with the first fixing rod 403 and the second fixing rod 406 through the positioning holes 408, and the two fixed columns 407 are connected with the first fixing rod 403 and the second fixing rod 406 through the positioning holes 408The fixing column 407 and the mandril 409 are made of the same material; a mandrel 409 is integrally connected between the two fixing columns 407, the mandrel 409 is a column, and a release agent MoS is smeared on the outer surface of the mandrel 4092The core rod 409 is made of die steel Cr12, 900 ℃ surface induction quenching is adopted, the heat treatment hardness ensures HRC 58-60, then finish machining is carried out to ensure the matching size, and the machining size is as follows: the diameter of one end of the mandrel 409 is 38.5mm, the diameter of the other end of the mandrel 409 is 37mm, the length of the mandrel 409 is 148mm, a certain taper is guaranteed on the surface of the mandrel 409, the mandrel 409 and two fixing columns 407 are located on the same axis, and the sum of the lengths of the two fixing columns 407 and the mandrel 409 is 180 mm; the mandrel 409, the fixing column 407 and the positioning hole 408 are integrally connected, the mandrel 409, the fixing column 407 and the positioning hole 408 form one part of the device, and the number of the parts is five; the reciprocating motor is fixedly arranged on the top of the top plate 305, the reciprocating motor 410 is positioned above the four support rods 304, the reciprocating motor 410 is controlled by the controller, and the output end of the reciprocating motor 410 penetrates through the top plate 305; the rotating shaft 411 is arranged between the two telescopic rods, and the distance from the rotating shaft 411 to the connecting block 401 is smaller than the length of the mandril 409; the inner surface of the belt 412 is provided with threads, the two ends of the belt 412 are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the reciprocating motor 410 and the rotating shaft 411, the middle of the belt 412 penetrates through the rotating wheel in the middle of the sliding block 404, the distance between the two belts 412 is smaller than the diameter of the rotating wheel in the middle of the sliding block 404, and the belt 412 is always kept in a tight state; the feedstock mechanism 500 comprises a gap support 501 and a tubular part 502; the tubular part 502 is sleeved on the outer surface of the mandrel 409, the material of the tubular part 502 is T2 pure copper and AISI304 stainless steel pipe, and the size of the tubular part 502 is phi 45mm multiplied by 140mm multiplied by 5 mm; a gap is reserved between the core rod 409 and the tubular part 502, the gap support 501 is made of the same material as the tubular part 502, the thickness of the gap support is required to be the same as the gap between the core rod 409 and the tubular part 502 and uniform, and the gap support is placed between the core rod 409 and the tubular part 502 in an interference fit mode; the explosive mechanism 600 comprises an explosive 601 and a primer 602; explosive 601 is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the tubular element 500, the explosive 601 is a No. 2 rock explosive 601, and the density of the explosive 601 is 1200kg/m3The detonation velocity is 3000m/s, the explosive 601 quantity is required to meet the energy required by the surface impact of the stainless steel plate and avoidThe metallurgical bonding between the base plate and the composite plate caused by overlarge is avoided, so the selection range of the charging thickness is the key of the test, and the explosive quantity per unit area is defined to be 60-70% of the explosive welding quantity of two metal tubes by referring to related documents and field tests:
wherein W is the unit area dose, rho is the density, K is the unit area dose coefficient, and the value of the test is obtained; delta is the thickness of the metal tube; the thickness of the layer of explosive 601 is calculated by the above formula; the initiation detonator 602 penetrates through the protective box 101 and is fixedly arranged on the front surface of the protective box 101, the initiation mode of the initiation detonator 602 is single-point initiation, and a No. 5 detonator is used as the initiation detonator 602; the demolding mechanism 700 includes a demolding mold 701 and a press 702; the demolding mold 701 is made of 45 steel, an inner hole of the demolding mold 701 is not chamfered, the outer diameter of the demolding mold 701 is 65mm, the inner diameter of the demolding mold 701 is 42.5mm, and the height of the demolding mold is 60 mm; the press 702 is a 300T press 702.
The working principle is as follows: according to the invention, the sealing door 102 is arranged on the protective box 101, the buffer box 103 is arranged at the position of the sealing door 102, the buffer door 104 corresponding to the sealing door 102 is also arranged on the buffer box 103, after the tubular part 502 and the explosive 601 are completely sleeved on the core rod 409, the control pulley 303 moves towards the protective box 101 along the guide groove 302, when the wall of the protective box 101 is arranged on the buffer block 307, two telescopic rods simultaneously extend downwards, just two fixed columns 407 are placed on the support 202, after explosion occurs, the dust and waste gas in the protective box 101 can be extracted by the exhaust fan 107 in the air outlet pipe 106 for centralized treatment, when the dust in the protective box 101 is diffused outwards through the sealing door 102, most of the dust can be blocked by the buffer box 103 and the buffer door 104, and the pollution of the dust to the air can be effectively reduced; when explosion is carried out, the protection box 101 and the buffer box 103 can isolate noise, noise pollution can be effectively reduced, and the protection box 101 and parts of the device can be further protected by introducing inert gas into the protection box 101; after the tubular part 502, the gap supporting piece 501 and the explosive 601 are all fixed on the mandrel 409, a worker holds the two fixing columns 407 by hands, firstly inserts the left fixing column 407 into the first fixing rod 403 through the positioning hole 408 on the left fixing column 407, then controls the reciprocating motor 410 to operate, drives the sliding block 404 to slowly move leftwards until the second fixing rod 406 is inserted into the positioning hole 408 in the right fixing column 407, then enables the pulley 303 to move, and then sends the part to be hardened into the protection box 101, so that the problem that the part to be hardened and the explosive 601 are inconvenient to mount by the worker is solved; the two positioning holes 408 with coaxiality are formed in the fixing column 407, so that the surface of the core rod 409 can be polished more conveniently after use; fixing the used core rod 409 through two positioning holes 408 with coaxiality, fixing the core rod 409 on a grinding machine, and grinding the surface of the core rod 409; the exploded mandrel 409 is inserted into an inner hole of the demolding die 701, a press 702 is used for exerting force downwards from a fixing column 407 at the top, and the release agent MoS2 is coated between the mandrel 409 and the tubular part 502, so that the tubular part 502 can be easily separated from the mandrel 409 under the action of the press 702, and the mandrel 409 and the tubular part 502 can be effectively prevented from being subjected to explosive welding.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are possible which remain within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The device for hardening the inner wall surface of the tubular part is characterized by comprising a protection mechanism (100), a fixing mechanism (200), a conveying mechanism (300), an installation mechanism (400), a raw material mechanism (500), an explosion mechanism (600) and a demolding mechanism (700);
fixed establishment (200) fixed mounting is in the inside of protection machanism (100), transport mechanism (300) set up in the outside of protection machanism (100), installation mechanism (400) movable mounting is on transport mechanism (300), raw materials mechanism (500) cup joint the outside at installation mechanism (400), explosion mechanism (500) set up in the outside of raw materials mechanism (500), demoulding mechanism (700) set up the place of keeping away from the device alone.
2. The apparatus for hardening the inner wall surface of a tubular part according to claim 1, wherein said protection mechanism (100) comprises a protection box (101), a sealing door (102), a buffer box (103), a buffer door (104), an air inlet pipe (105), an air outlet pipe (106) and an air exhaust fan (107);
the protective box (101) is of a rectangular box body structure, the protective box (101) is made of sound insulation materials with the thickness of 20-50mm and Q235, and the hardness of the protective box (101) is enough to support the impact force generated by internal explosion; a sealing door (102) is arranged on the left side of the protective box (101), and the sealing door (102) is controlled by a controller;
a buffer box (103) is integrally installed on one side, provided with a sealing door (102), of the protection box (101), the volume of one side, connected with the protection box (101), of the buffer box (103) is equal, and the buffer box (103) and the protection box (101) are made of the same material; a buffer door (104) is arranged on one side, away from the protective box (101), of the buffer box (103), the size of the buffer door (104) is the same as that of the sealing door (102), the buffer door (104) corresponds to the position of the sealing door (102), and the buffer door (104) is controlled by a controller;
the gas inlet pipe (105) is fixedly arranged at the top of the protective box (101), and inert gas is flushed into the protective box (101) through the gas inlet pipe (105); the air outlet pipe (106) is fixedly arranged at the top of the protective box (101), and an exhaust fan (107) is arranged in the air outlet pipe (106).
3. The apparatus for hardening the inner wall surface of a tubular member according to claim 1, wherein said fixing mechanism (200) comprises a fixing plate (201) and a bracket (202);
the fixing plate (201) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface inside the protective box (101), and the fixing plate (201) is made of pine; the utility model discloses a fixing plate, including support (202), support (202) are the same by pine, the integrative perpendicular upper surface of installing in fixed plate (201) of support (202), just support (202) are cuboid platelike structure, the quantity of support (202) is two, and two support (202) are about the central point bilateral symmetry setting of fixed plate (201), just the fixed slot of the inverted triangle-shaped has been seted up at the top of support (202), the length at fixed slot top is equal with the length of support (202).
4. The apparatus for hardening the inner wall surface of a tubular member according to claim 1, wherein said transport mechanism (300) comprises a bottom plate (301), a guide groove (302), a pulley (303), a support rod (304), a top plate (305), a T-shaped chute (306), a buffer block (307), and a balance block (308);
one end of the bottom plate (301) is connected with the bottom of one side of the buffer box (103), the bottom plate (301) cannot influence the opening and closing of the buffer door (104), the upper surface of the bottom plate (301) is provided with two guide grooves (302), and the guide grooves (302) are vertical to the buffer door (104);
pulleys (303) are arranged in the two guide grooves (302), the pulleys (303) are controlled by a controller, the number of the pulleys (303) is four, supporting rods (304) are fixedly mounted at the tops of the four pulleys (303), a top plate (305) is fixedly mounted at the top of each supporting rod (304), the top of each top plate (305) cannot exceed the height of the sealing door (102) and the height of the buffer door (104), the width of each top plate (305) is smaller than that of the sealing door (102) and the width of the buffer door (104), and the sum of the length of the part of each top plate (305) protruding out of the leftmost supporting rod (304) and the length of the buffer block (307) is greater than the sum of the length of the protective box (101) in the buffer box (103);
the lower surface of the top plate (305) is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove (306), and the T-shaped sliding groove (306) is vertical to the buffer door (104); the buffer block (307) is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top plate (305), the buffer block (307) is a long strip-shaped rubber block, and the volumes of the buffer block (307) and one side connected with the top plate (305) are equal; and a balance weight (308) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rightmost side of the top plate (305), and the weight of the balance weight (308) is similar to that of the balance weight after the raw materials are arranged at the rightmost side.
5. The device for hardening the surface of the inner wall of the tubular part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mounting mechanism (400) comprises a connecting block (401), a first telescopic rod (402), a first fixing rod (403), a sliding block (404), a second telescopic rod (405), a second fixing rod (406), a fixing column (407), a positioning hole (408), a mandrel (409), a reciprocating motor (410), a rotating shaft (411) and a belt (412);
the connecting block (401) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the top plate (305), and the connecting block (401) is preferably fixed at the left position of the bottom of the top plate (305); a first telescopic rod (402) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting block (401), a first fixing rod (403) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the right side of the first telescopic rod (402), one end, far away from the first telescopic rod (402), of the first fixing rod (403) is a cone, and the size of the cone can be just inserted into the positioning hole (408);
the sliding block (404) is slidably mounted in the T-shaped sliding groove (306), the sliding block (404) is a T-shaped sliding block, and the sliding block (404) is just matched with the T-shaped sliding groove (306); a second telescopic rod (405) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding block (404), a second fixing rod (406) is fixedly installed on the left side of the second telescopic rod (405), one end, far away from the second telescopic rod (405), of the second fixing rod (406) is a cone, the size of the cone can be just inserted into the positioning hole (408), and the first fixing rod (403) and the second fixing rod (406) are located on the same axis;
the number of the fixing columns (407) is two, the size and the material of the two fixing columns (407) are the same, the diameter of each fixing column (407) is 26mm, positioning holes (408) are formed in the opposite sides of the two fixing columns (407), each positioning hole (408) is conical and is matched with a conical box at the two ends of each fixing rod, the two fixing columns (407) are connected with the first fixing rod (403) and the second fixing rod (406) through the positioning holes (408), and the material of the two fixing columns (407) is the same as that of the mandrel (409);
a mandrel (409) is integrally connected between the two fixing columns (407), the mandrel (409) is a column, and a release agent MoS is smeared on the outer surface of the mandrel (409)2The core rod (409) is made of die steel Cr12, 900 ℃ surface induction quenching is adopted, the heat treatment hardness is guaranteed to be HRC 58-60, and then finish machining is carried out to guarantee the matching rulerInch, the machining dimensions were as follows: the diameter of one end of the mandrel (409) is 38.5mm, the diameter of the other end of the mandrel (409) is 37mm, the length of the mandrel (409) is 148mm, a certain taper is guaranteed on the surface of the mandrel (409), the mandrel (409) and two fixing columns (407) are located on the same axis, and the sum of the lengths of the two fixing columns (407) and the mandrel (409) is 180 mm;
the core rod (409), the fixing column (407) and the positioning hole (408) are integrally connected, the core rod (409), the fixing column (407) and the positioning hole (408) form one part of the device, and the number of the parts is five;
the reciprocating motor is fixedly arranged on the top of the top plate (305), the reciprocating motor (410) is positioned above the four support rods (304), the reciprocating motor (410) is controlled by a controller, and the output end of the reciprocating motor (410) penetrates through the top plate (305); the rotating shaft (411) is installed between the two telescopic rods, and the distance from the rotating shaft (411) to the connecting block (401) is smaller than the length of the mandril (409); the inner surface of the belt (412) is provided with threads, the two ends of the belt (412) are sleeved on the outer surfaces of the reciprocating motor (410) and the rotating shaft (411), the middle of the belt (412) penetrates through a rotating wheel in the middle of the sliding block (404), the distance between the two belts (412) is smaller than the diameter of the rotating wheel in the middle of the sliding block (404), and the belt (412) is always kept in a tight state.
6. The apparatus for hardening the inner wall surface of a tubular member according to claim 1, wherein said material mechanism (500) comprises a gap supporter (501) and a tubular member (502);
the tubular part (502) is sleeved on the outer surface of the mandrel (409), the tubular part (502) is made of T2 pure copper and AISI304 stainless steel pipes, and the size of the tubular part (502) is phi 45mm multiplied by 140mm multiplied by 5 mm;
a gap is reserved between the core rod (409) and the tubular part (502), the gap support (501) is made of the same material as the tubular part (502), the thickness of the gap support is required to be the same as the gap between the core rod (409) and the tubular part (502) and uniform, and the gap support is placed between the core rod (409) and the tubular part (502) in an interference fit mode.
7. The inside wall surface hardening apparatus for tubular parts according to claim 1, wherein said explosion mechanism (600) comprises an explosive charge (601) and an initiating detonator (602);
the explosive (601) is uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the tubular part (500), the explosive (601) is a No. 2 rock explosive (601), and the density of the explosive (601) is 1200kg/m3The detonation velocity is 3000m/s, the explosive (601) amount is required to meet the energy required by the surface impact of the stainless steel plate, and the metallurgical bonding between the base plate and the clad plate caused by overlarge explosive amount is avoided, so the selection range of the explosive thickness is the key of the test, and the explosive amount per unit area is defined to be 60% -70% of the explosive welding amount of two metal tubes by referring to related documents and field tests:
wherein W is the unit area dose, rho is the density, K is the unit area dose coefficient, and the value of the test is obtained; delta is the thickness of the metal tube; calculating the thickness of the explosive (601) layer by the above formula;
the detonating detonator (602) penetrates through the protective box (101) and is fixedly installed on the front face of the protective box (101), the detonating mode of the detonating detonator (602) is single-point detonating, and a No. 5 detonator is used as the detonating detonator (602).
8. The apparatus for hardening the inner wall surface of a tubular member according to claim 1, wherein said mold-releasing mechanism (700) comprises a mold-releasing die (701) and a press (702);
the demolding die (701) is made of 45 steel, an inner hole of the demolding die (701) is not chamfered, the outer diameter of the demolding die (701) is 65mm, the inner diameter of the demolding die (701) is 42.5mm, and the height of the demolding die (701) is 60 mm; the press (702) is a 300T press (702).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011413957.0A CN112575147A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Tubular part inner wall surface hardening device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011413957.0A CN112575147A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Tubular part inner wall surface hardening device |
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