CN112572528A - Rail vehicle wheel pair defect detecting device - Google Patents

Rail vehicle wheel pair defect detecting device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112572528A
CN112572528A CN202110021475.9A CN202110021475A CN112572528A CN 112572528 A CN112572528 A CN 112572528A CN 202110021475 A CN202110021475 A CN 202110021475A CN 112572528 A CN112572528 A CN 112572528A
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China
Prior art keywords
rod
lifting
rail vehicle
vehicle wheel
elastic
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CN202110021475.9A
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CN112572528B (en
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金光
马帅
王子铭
曹冰
王喜燕
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Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
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Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College
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Publication of CN112572528A publication Critical patent/CN112572528A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61KAUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/12Measuring or surveying wheel-rims

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail vehicle wheel pair defect detection device which comprises elastic shrinkage rods, wherein two ends of each elastic shrinkage rod are shrunk and connected with bearing rods, and the inner sides of the lower ends of the two bearing rods are rotatably connected with auxiliary pulleys; the outer side of the elastic shrinkage rod in the width direction is connected with a bearing plate, the bottom surface of the bearing plate is connected with an elastic support rod, the telescopic end of the elastic support rod is far away from the bearing plate and is connected with a portal frame, and a compression roller is rotatably arranged in the portal frame; the bottom surface of the elastic shrinkage rod is connected with a height-adjusting rod, the telescopic end of the height-adjusting rod is connected with the same side of the auxiliary pulley and is connected with a lifting plate, and a laser light source and a CCD camera are arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate. Has the advantages that: the wheel rim and the tread are detected through machine vision, so that the detection effect is good and the efficiency is high; the device is convenient to adjust, can be suitable for the detection of wheel pairs of different types, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and good use effect.

Description

Rail vehicle wheel pair defect detecting device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicle overhauling devices, in particular to a railway vehicle wheel set defect detection device.
Background
With the development of society, rail transit presents more and more types, not only extends over long-distance land transportation, but also is widely applied to urban public transportation of medium and short distances. Rail transit is generally classified into three major categories, national railway system, intercity rail transit, and urban rail transit. The rail transit has the advantages of large transportation volume, high speed, dense shift, safety, comfort, high punctuality rate, all weather, low transportation cost, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like.
In order to ensure the safe operation of the rail vehicle, the rail vehicle needs to be periodically detected, and wheel set detection is an important step of rail vehicle detection. However, the current rail vehicle wheel set detection is carried out manually, aiming at the micro defects of abnormal abrasion, scratch and the like of the wheel set wheel rim and the tread, the manual detection efficiency is low, the personal technology influence is large, and the detection effect is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device to solve the technical problems that the conventional rail vehicle wheel set detection is carried out manually, the manual detection efficiency is low, the influence of personal technology is large, the detection effect is not ideal and the like aiming at the micro defects of abnormal wear and scratch of a wheel set rim and a tread in the prior art. The preferable technical scheme in the technical schemes provided by the invention detects the wheel rim and the tread through machine vision, and has good detection effect and high efficiency; the device is convenient to adjust, can be suitable for the detection of the wheel pair of different grade type, and easy operation is convenient, and technological effects such as excellent in use effect are found in the explanation below.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a rail vehicle wheel pair defect detection device which comprises elastic shrinkage rods, wherein two ends of each elastic shrinkage rod are shrunk and connected with bearing rods, the two bearing rods and the elastic shrinkage rods form a door-shaped structure, and the inner sides of the lower ends of the two bearing rods are rotatably connected with auxiliary pulleys;
the outer side of the elastic shrinkage rod in the width direction is connected with a bearing plate, the bottom surface of the bearing plate is connected with an elastic support rod, the telescopic end of the elastic support rod is far away from the bearing plate and is connected with a portal frame, and a compression roller is rotatably arranged in the portal frame;
the bottom surface of the elastic shrinkage rod is connected with a height-adjusting rod, the telescopic end of the height-adjusting rod is connected with the same side of the auxiliary pulley and is connected with a lifting plate, and a laser light source and a CCD camera are arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate.
Adopt above-mentioned rail vehicle wheel pair defect detecting device, during the use, overcome the shrink elasticity of elasticity shrink pole makes two the carrier bar keeps away from mutually, makes the pinch roller contacts with the tread of rail vehicle wheel, presses down the elasticity shrink pole makes elasticity props the ejector pin shrink, until the auxiliary pulley corresponds with the radials face of wheel, utilizes the shrink elasticity of elasticity shrink pole drives auxiliary pulley removes to the wheel, makes auxiliary pulley and the contact of wheel radials face utilize the extension elasticity of elasticity prop the ejector pin, makes the elasticity shrink pole keeps away from the wheel, until the auxiliary pulley contacts with the interior circle of car spoke face, through adjusting the length of heightening the pole, realizes the distance between lifter plate and the wheel tread guarantees laser lamp-house and the result of use of CCD camera can satisfy the user demand of the wheel of different models, the application range is wide; when carrying out the detection of tread and rim, through the pinch roller with the supplementary pulley makes the lifter plate rotates around the axis of wheel, rotates the in-process, through laser source scans the rim and the tread of wheel to form the light band of wheel rim and tread, through the CCD camera is shot the collection in real time to the light band profile, and give the computer through the information transfer that the collection card will gather, carry out image analysis through the computer and handle, extract and refine the contour line of wheel pair, compare with the standard contour line, accurate quick detection obtains the rim, the wearing and tearing volume of tread, the device carries out the detection of rim and tread through machine vision, detection effect is good, efficient.
Preferably, the elastic shrinkage rod comprises a fixed rod, a sliding cavity is arranged in the fixed rod and penetrates through two ends of the fixed rod in the length direction, two sliding rods are slidably mounted in the sliding cavity and penetrate out of two ends of the sliding cavity respectively and are connected with the bearing rod respectively, and a tension spring is connected between the two sliding rods.
Preferably, the cross sections of the sliding rod and the sliding cavity are square, and the sliding rod is in clearance fit with the sliding cavity.
Preferably, a handle is connected to the upper surface of the fixing rod.
Preferably, the two bearing plates are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fixing rod in the width direction.
Preferably, the elastic supporting ejector rod comprises a fixed pipe, the upper end of the fixed pipe is provided with a sealed lower end opening, the sealed end of the fixed pipe is connected with the bearing plate, the open end of the fixed pipe is connected with a guide plate, the surface of the guide plate is provided with a guide hole in a penetrating mode, a lifting rod is slidably mounted in the guide hole, the bottom end of the lifting rod is connected with the door-shaped frame, the upper end of the lifting rod extends into the inside of the fixed pipe and is connected with a lifting block, and a compression spring is connected between the lifting block and the sealed end of the fixed pipe.
Preferably, the cross sections of the lifting rod and the guide hole are square, and the lifting rod is in clearance fit with the guide hole.
Preferably, the height adjusting rod comprises a fixing column, the fixing column is connected to the bottom surface of the fixing rod, a lifting cavity is arranged inside the fixing column, the lifting cavity penetrates through the bottom surface of the fixing column, a lifting column is slidably mounted inside the lifting cavity, the bottom end of the lifting column penetrates out of the lifting cavity and is connected with the lifting plate, a locking bolt is mounted on the outer side of the fixing column through threads, and the inner end of the locking bolt extends into the inside of the lifting cavity and is used for locking and fixing the lifting column inside the lifting cavity.
Preferably, the outer side of the lifting column is uniformly provided with threaded holes matched with the locking bolts along the length direction of the lifting column.
Preferably, the cross sections of the lifting column and the lifting cavity are both square, and the lifting column is in clearance fit with the lifting cavity.
Has the advantages that: 1. the wheel rim and the tread are detected through machine vision, so that the detection effect is good and the efficiency is high;
2. the device is convenient to adjust, can be suitable for the detection of wheel pairs of different types, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and good use effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure of the height adjusting rod;
fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the elastic support rod.
The reference numerals are explained below:
1. an elastically contractible rod; 101. fixing the rod; 102. a slide bar; 103. a sliding cavity; 104. a tension spring; 2. a carrier bar; 3. an auxiliary pulley; 4. a pressure roller; 5. a gantry frame; 6. an elastic supporting rod; 601. a fixed tube; 602. a compression spring; 603. a lifting block; 604. a guide plate; 605. a lifting rod; 606. a guide hole; 7. a carrier plate; 8. a handle; 9. a height adjusting rod; 901. fixing a column; 902. a lifting cavity; 903. locking the bolt; 904. a threaded hole; 905. a lifting column; 10. a lifting plate; 11. a laser light source; 12. a CCD camera.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention provides a rail vehicle wheel pair defect detection device, which comprises an elastic shrinkage rod 1, wherein two ends of the elastic shrinkage rod 1 are shrunk and connected with bearing rods 2, the two bearing rods 2 and the elastic shrinkage rod 1 form a door-shaped structure, and the inner sides of the lower ends of the two bearing rods 2 are rotatably connected with auxiliary pulleys 3;
the outer side of the elastic shrinkage rod 1 in the width direction is connected with a bearing plate 7, the bottom surface of the bearing plate 7 is connected with an elastic support rod 6, the telescopic end of the elastic support rod 6 is far away from the bearing plate 7 and is connected with a door-shaped frame 5, a compression roller 4 is rotatably arranged in the door-shaped frame 5, and preferably, rubber layers are arranged on the outer sides of the auxiliary pulley 3 and the compression roller 4, so that the auxiliary pulley 3 and the compression roller 4 can be prevented from causing abrasion to wheels;
the bottom surface of the elastic contraction rod 1 is connected with a height-adjusting rod 9, the telescopic end of the height-adjusting rod 9 is connected with a lifting plate 10 at the same side as the auxiliary pulley 3, and a laser light source 11 and a CCD camera 12 are arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate 10.
As an optional embodiment, the elastically contractible rod 1 includes a fixed rod 101, a sliding cavity 103 is disposed inside the fixed rod 101, the sliding cavity 103 penetrates through two ends of the fixed rod 101 in the length direction, two sliding rods 102 are slidably mounted inside the sliding cavity 103, the two sliding rods 102 respectively penetrate through two ends of the sliding cavity 103 and are respectively connected with the carrying rod 2, and a tension spring 104 is connected between the two sliding rods 102, so that the two sliding rods 102 are pulled by the tension force of the tension spring 104 to realize elastic contraction of the elastically contractible rod 1.
The cross sections of the sliding rod 102 and the sliding cavity 103 are square, and the sliding rod 102 is in clearance fit with the sliding cavity 103, so that the sliding rod 102 can be prevented from rotating inside the sliding cavity 103, the angle of the auxiliary pulley 3 is ensured to be unchanged, and the device can rotate around the axis of the wheel.
The fixed rod 101 has a handle 8 attached to its upper surface, and is arranged so that the elastically contractible rod 1 is easily pulled by the handle 8, thereby rotating the device about the wheel axis.
The bearing plates 7 are two in total and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fixed rod 101 in the width direction, and therefore the stability of the device rotating around the axis of the wheel can be guaranteed.
Elasticity props ejector pin 6 including fixed pipe 601, the sealed low side opening in fixed pipe 601 upper end, the sealed end of fixed pipe 601 is connected with loading board 7, the open end of fixed pipe 601 is connected with deflector 604, deflector 604 surface runs through and is provided with guiding hole 606, the inside slidable mounting of guiding hole 606 has lifter 605, lifter 605 bottom is connected with door type frame 5, lifter 605 upper end stretches into fixed pipe 601 inside and is connected with lifter 603, be connected with pressure spring 602 between lifter 603 and the sealed end of fixed pipe 601, set up like this, utilize pressure spring 602's elasticity to promote lifter 603, make lifter 603 drive lifter 605 move at fixed pipe 601 inside, realize the elastic stretching of elasticity props ejector pin 6.
The cross-section of lifter 605 and guiding hole 606 is square, and lifter 605 and guiding hole 606 clearance fit set up like this, can prevent that lifter 605 from at the inside rotation of guiding hole 606, guarantees that the angle of pinch roller 4 is unchangeable, ensures that pinch roller 4 and wheel tread accurate contact.
Heightening pole 9 includes fixed column 901, fixed column 901 is connected in dead lever 101 bottom surface, the inside lift chamber 902 that is provided with of fixed column 901, lift chamber 902 runs through the fixed column 901 bottom surface, the inside slidable mounting in lift chamber 902 has lift post 905, lift post 905 bottom is worn out lift chamber 902 and is connected with lifter plate 10, locking bolt 903 is installed through the screw thread in the fixed column 901 outside, locking bolt 903 inner stretches into inside the lift chamber 902, be used for fixing the locking of lift post 905 inside lift chamber 902, set up like this, make lift post 905 remove inside lift chamber 902, and fix the locking of lift post 905 inside lift chamber 902 through locking bolt 903, realize heightening pole 9's length adjustment.
The outside of lifting column 905 evenly is provided with the screw hole 904 with locking bolt 903 matched with along its length direction, sets up like this, can guarantee the fixed steadiness of locking bolt 903 to the locking of lifting column 905.
The cross-section of lift post 905 and lift chamber 902 is square, and lift post 905 and lift chamber 902 clearance fit set up like this, can prevent that lift post 905 from rotating in lift chamber 902 is inside, guarantees that the angle of lifter plate 10 is unchangeable, ensures the shooting collection effect of CCD camera 12.
By adopting the structure, when the device is used, the contraction elasticity of the elastic contraction rod 1 is overcome, the two bearing rods 2 are far away from each other, the compression roller 4 is enabled to be in contact with the tread of a wheel of a rail vehicle, the elastic contraction rod 1 is pressed, the elastic support rod 6 is contracted until the auxiliary pulley 3 corresponds to the spoke plate surface of the wheel, the contraction elasticity of the elastic contraction rod 1 is utilized to drive the auxiliary pulley 3 to move towards the wheel, the auxiliary pulley 3 is enabled to be in contact with the spoke plate surface of the wheel, the extension elasticity of the elastic support rod 6 is utilized to enable the elastic contraction rod 1 to be far away from the wheel until the auxiliary pulley 3 is in contact with the inner circle of the spoke plate surface of the wheel, the distance between the lifting plate 10 and the tread of the wheel is realized by adjusting the length of the height-adjusting rod 9, the use effect of the laser light source 11 and the; when the detection of the tread and the wheel rim is carried out, the lifting plate 10 rotates around the axis of the wheel through the compression roller 4 and the auxiliary pulley 3, in the rotating process, the wheel rim and the tread of the wheel are scanned through the laser light source 11, so that the light band of the wheel rim and the tread is formed, the outline of the light band is shot and collected in real time through the CCD camera 12, the collected information is transmitted to the computer through the collection card, the image is analyzed and processed through the computer, the outline of the wheel pair is extracted and refined, the outline is compared with the standard outline, the wheel rim and the abrasion loss of the tread are accurately and quickly detected, the device detects the wheel rim and the tread through machine vision, the detection effect is good, and the efficiency is high.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a rail vehicle wheel pair defect detecting device which characterized in that: the device comprises elastic shrinkage rods (1), wherein two ends of each elastic shrinkage rod (1) are shrunk and are connected with bearing rods (2), the two bearing rods (2) and the elastic shrinkage rods (1) form a door-shaped structure, and the inner sides of the lower ends of the two bearing rods (2) are rotatably connected with auxiliary pulleys (3);
the outer side of the elastic shrinkage rod (1) in the width direction is connected with a bearing plate (7), the bottom surface of the bearing plate (7) is connected with an elastic support rod (6), the telescopic end of the elastic support rod (6) is far away from the bearing plate (7) and is connected with a door-shaped frame (5), and a compression roller (4) is rotatably installed inside the door-shaped frame (5);
the bottom surface of the elastic contraction rod (1) is connected with a heightening rod (9), the telescopic end of the heightening rod (9) is connected with a lifting plate (10) at the same side of the auxiliary pulley (3), and a laser light source (11) and a CCD camera (12) are arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate (10).
2. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device of claim 1, wherein: elastic contraction pole (1) includes dead lever (101), dead lever (101) inside is provided with slip chamber (103), slip chamber (103) run through the length direction's of dead lever (101) both ends, the inside slidable mounting in slip chamber (103) has two slide bar (102), two slide bar (102) are worn out respectively the both ends in slip chamber (103) and respectively with carrier bar (2) are connected, two be connected with extension spring (104) between slide bar (102).
3. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device of claim 2, wherein: the cross sections of the sliding rod (102) and the sliding cavity (103) are square, and the sliding rod (102) is in clearance fit with the sliding cavity (103).
4. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device of claim 2, wherein: the upper surface of the fixing rod (101) is connected with a handle (8).
5. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device of claim 2, wherein: the bearing plates (7) are two in number and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the fixed rod (101) in the width direction.
6. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device of claim 5, wherein: the elastic supporting rod (6) comprises a fixed pipe (601), the upper end of the fixed pipe (601) is sealed with a lower end opening, the sealed end of the fixed pipe (601) is connected with the bearing plate (7), the open end of the fixed pipe (601) is connected with a guide plate (604), a guide hole (606) penetrates through the surface of the guide plate (604), a lifting rod (605) is arranged inside the guide hole (606) in a sliding mode, the bottom end of the lifting rod (605) is connected with the portal frame (5), the upper end of the lifting rod (605) extends into the fixed pipe (601) and is connected with a lifting block (603), and a compression spring (602) is connected between the lifting block (603) and the sealed end of the fixed pipe (601).
7. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device of claim 6, wherein: the cross sections of the lifting rod (605) and the guide hole (606) are square, and the lifting rod (605) is in clearance fit with the guide hole (606).
8. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detection device of claim 2, wherein: the height adjusting rod (9) comprises a fixing column (901), the fixing column (901) is connected to the bottom surface of the fixing rod (101), a lifting cavity (902) is arranged inside the fixing column (901), the lifting cavity (902) penetrates through the bottom surface of the fixing column (901), a lifting column (905) is slidably mounted inside the lifting cavity (902), the bottom end of the lifting column (905) penetrates out of the lifting cavity (902) and is connected with the lifting plate (10), a locking bolt (903) is mounted on the outer side of the fixing column (901) through threads, and the inner end of the locking bolt (903) extends into the lifting cavity (902) and is used for locking and fixing the lifting column (905) inside the lifting cavity (902).
9. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detecting device of claim 8, wherein: the outer side of the lifting column (905) is uniformly provided with threaded holes (904) matched with the locking bolts (903) along the length direction of the lifting column.
10. The rail vehicle wheel set defect detecting device of claim 9, wherein: the cross section of the lifting column (905) and the cross section of the lifting cavity (902) are both square, and the lifting column (905) is in clearance fit with the lifting cavity (902).
CN202110021475.9A 2021-01-08 2021-01-08 Rail vehicle wheel pair defect detecting device Active CN112572528B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113640308A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-12 郑州铁路职业技术学院 Track abnormity monitoring system based on machine vision

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2486428Y (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-04-17 北京新联铁科贸有限公司 Automatic detector for planar array CCD vertical measuring wheel pair radius
CN2501761Y (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-07-24 北京新联铁科贸有限公司 Automatic detector for planar array CCD level testing wheel to radius
DE10352166B3 (en) * 2003-11-05 2005-04-21 Db Cargo Ag Tire tread examination for wheels of goods wagons on railway involves measurement platform, drive motor for rotating wheels, triangulation lasers and light barrier and reflector
CN210375728U (en) * 2019-06-25 2020-04-21 江苏远致达轨道交通发展有限公司 Urban rail train wheel set measuring structure
CN211918669U (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-11-13 保定新云达电力设备有限责任公司 Automatic lifting height adjusting device for wheel tread eddy current testing probe

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2486428Y (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-04-17 北京新联铁科贸有限公司 Automatic detector for planar array CCD vertical measuring wheel pair radius
CN2501761Y (en) * 2001-06-21 2002-07-24 北京新联铁科贸有限公司 Automatic detector for planar array CCD level testing wheel to radius
DE10352166B3 (en) * 2003-11-05 2005-04-21 Db Cargo Ag Tire tread examination for wheels of goods wagons on railway involves measurement platform, drive motor for rotating wheels, triangulation lasers and light barrier and reflector
CN210375728U (en) * 2019-06-25 2020-04-21 江苏远致达轨道交通发展有限公司 Urban rail train wheel set measuring structure
CN211918669U (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-11-13 保定新云达电力设备有限责任公司 Automatic lifting height adjusting device for wheel tread eddy current testing probe

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113640308A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-12 郑州铁路职业技术学院 Track abnormity monitoring system based on machine vision
CN113640308B (en) * 2021-08-31 2024-03-29 夏冰心 Rail anomaly monitoring system based on machine vision

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