CN112570987B - Flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool and assembling method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool and assembling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112570987B CN112570987B CN202011162299.2A CN202011162299A CN112570987B CN 112570987 B CN112570987 B CN 112570987B CN 202011162299 A CN202011162299 A CN 202011162299A CN 112570987 B CN112570987 B CN 112570987B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B11/00—Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders
- B25B11/02—Assembly jigs
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool and an assembling method thereof, and belongs to the field of flexible assembling. The frock adopts the dispersion to fix preceding supporting position subassembly, well supporting position subassembly and the back supporting position subassembly on digital accent appearance equipment POGO post, and all be equipped with locator and the compactor of coordinating with aircraft key characteristic point line face on these supporting position subassemblies. The tool dispersion type assembly is provided with an airplane coordinate system, a POGO column ball head and a quick-release connecting rod are arranged on the tool dispersion type assembly, the digital assembly and manufacturing of a machine body are realized by using digital attitude adjusting and hole making equipment, a two-section involutory integral lower frame method is adopted in the involutory assembly process, the rail process is assisted for transferring, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of assembly and manufacturing, in particular to a flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool and an assembly method thereof.
Background
With the continuous deepening and advancing of the intellectualization, digitalization and flexibility of equipment, the airplane design and manufacturing technology as a crown in the manufacturing industry faces the transformation and upgrading problem. The traditional aviation manufacturing industry also faces the problems of low production efficiency, urgent need of technical level improvement, high manufacturing cost and the like. Especially, in the design and manufacture of the involution assembly tool, a huge improvement space exists. The assembly production of parts is completed during partial assembly, the involution assembly of all parts is realized during final assembly, in the involution assembly process of the final assembly, each involution part needs to have correct position and posture, at the moment, adjustment and measurement are needed, and the precision and the stability of the position and the posture of a product directly influence the appearance precision and the working performance of the involuted large-scale part.
Most of the assembly tools for large parts of airplanes in China adopt a fixed chassis involutory installation mode, the involutory assembly precision of the airplanes is guaranteed by the forced assembly of the precision and the rigidity of involutory frames, and the positioners mostly adopt a manual operation mode, so that the operation efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool and an assembling method of the flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a flexible accent appearance is to closing frock which characterized in that: the device comprises a front support positioning component, a middle support positioning component and a rear support positioning component which are dispersedly fixed on a POGO column of digital attitude adjusting equipment; well support locating component includes independent support setting element I and support setting element II, support setting element I and the fixed fuselage anterior segment of preceding support locating component cooperation, support setting element II and the fixed fuselage back end of back support locating component cooperation, all be equipped with locator and the collet of coordinating with aircraft key characteristic point line face on preceding support locating component, support setting element I, support setting element II and the back support locating component, the collet still be connected with displacement adjustment mechanism.
The front support positioning assembly comprises a plurality of hole positioners and a frame pressing plate, the hole positioners are used for being matched and positioned with frame process holes at the front end of the airplane body, and the frame pressing plate is used for positioning and pressing the front end of the airplane.
The supporting and positioning piece I and the supporting and positioning piece II respectively comprise a lower bearing supporting plate and lateral compactors for fixing two sides of the machine body; the supporting and positioning part I is provided with a quick positioning positioner matched with the machine body guide groove, and the supporting and positioning part II is provided with a front lifting frame shaft positioner.
The rear support positioning assembly comprises a lifting speed reducer for adjusting the height, a plurality of hole positioners arranged above the lifting speed reducer and a vacuum sucker, and the vacuum sucker is used for fixing and pressing the rear end of the body.
And the frame pressing plate, the lateral pressing device of the machine body and the rear end of the machine body are all connected with a hand wheel screw rod adjusting device.
The top shape-preserving component is provided with a frame beam positioner.
The supporting and positioning piece I comprises a first supporting frame and a second supporting frame which are arranged in parallel, the supporting and positioning piece II comprises a third supporting frame and a fourth supporting frame, and detachable connecting rods are arranged between the first supporting frame and the second supporting frame and between the third supporting frame and the fourth supporting frame.
An assembly method of a flexible posture-adjusting and aligning tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the front section of the airplane body is hung into a front section positioning and fixing station consisting of a front supporting and positioning component and a supporting and positioning component I, and the rear section of the airplane body is hung into a rear section positioning and fixing station consisting of a supporting and positioning component II and a rear supporting and positioning component, so that the front section and the rear section of the airplane body are respectively bound with each positioner and the compactor into a whole without relative displacement, and the target point value on an airplane product and the tool TB point are in the same coordinate system;
B. measuring a target point value or a tool TB point value of a machine body product on site, starting a POGO post of a digital posture adjusting device, and finishing involution assembly of the front section and the rear section of the machine body by using a posture adjusting algorithm;
C. integrally transporting the combined tool and the product to a hole making station, hanging a top shape-preserving component to be connected with a cabin opening frame beam, and preserving the shape of the upper part of the airplane;
D. disassembling the pressing devices on the supporting and positioning assemblies, and then drilling and milling the holes;
E. transporting the tool and the product to a riveting repair station for riveting assembly;
F. and (5) putting the product off the shelf and finishing assembly.
The technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
1. the flexible attitude-adjusting involution tool comprises independent front support positioning components, middle support positioning components and rear support positioning components, adopts a flexible distributed design concept, has no integral chassis framework, has a novel structure and a unique concept, and has a positioner and a presser which are coordinated with key characteristic points of an airplane product in a line-plane manner, so that the flexible attitude-adjusting involution tool is ensured to be coincided with the benchmark of the airplane product;
2. the invention is used in combination with the POGO post of the digital attitude adjusting equipment, can realize the combination dispersion of the tool components, the putting in the shelf, the involutory assembly of the products and the assembly line work of the products by measuring the target point values on the products and the tools and combining the attitude adjusting algorithm, effectively improves the production efficiency, improves the digital intelligent level of the tools, and is suitable for the digital involutory assembly of all airplane body sections.
Drawings
The foregoing and the following detailed description of the invention will become more apparent when read in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the front support positioning assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a middle support positioning assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rear support positioning assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a top form factor assembly according to the present invention;
in the figure:
1. the device comprises a front supporting and positioning assembly, 2, supporting and positioning elements I, 200, a first supporting frame, 201, a second supporting frame, 3, supporting and positioning elements II, 300, a third supporting frame, 301, a fourth supporting frame, 4, a rear supporting and positioning assembly, 5, a top shape-preserving assembly, 6, a connecting rod, 7, a hole positioner, 8, a frame pressing plate, 9, a lower bearing plate, 10, a lateral pressing device, 11, a quick positioning positioner, 12, a front lifting frame shaft positioner, 13, a temporary lower bearing plate, 14, a lifting speed reducer, 15, a vacuum chuck, 16, a frame beam positioner, 17 and a POGO column ball head connecting plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or orientations or positional relationships that are usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, or orientations or positional relationships that are usually understood by those skilled in the art, which are only used for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment discloses a flexible posture-adjusting and aligning tool shown in fig. 1, which comprises a front support positioning component 1, a middle support positioning component and a rear support positioning component 4 which are dispersedly fixed on a POGO column of digital posture-adjusting equipment.
The flexible posture-adjusting and aligning tool is matched with a POGO post of a digital posture-adjusting device for use, and POGO post ball head connecting plates 17 are arranged on the front support positioning component 1, the middle support positioning component, the rear support positioning component 4 and the top protection component 5. The front supporting and positioning component 1, the supporting and positioning component I2 and the top shape-preserving component 5 share 12 POGO columns for 6-degree-of-freedom parallel posture adjustment, the supporting and positioning component II3 and the rear supporting and positioning component 4 share 10 POGO columns for 6-degree-of-freedom parallel posture adjustment, and the digital involution assembly of the front section and the rear section of the machine body can be completed through a posture adjustment algorithm by measuring a product target point value or a tool TB point value on site.
The POGO post of the digital posture adjusting equipment is assembly equipment in the prior art, and mainly comprises a base, a longitudinal and transverse dragging plate, an upper dragging plate, a supporting cylinder body, a telescopic post, a clamping mechanism and the like, wherein the base is installed on a basic platform, the x and y movements are all driven by a servo motor, a reducer and a lead screw nut, the feedback control of a grating ruler is realized, the z movement of the telescopic post is realized by the servo motor, a harmonic reducer, the lead screw nut and the grating ruler, and the three directions of x, y and z can be controlled in a linkage manner.
As shown in fig. 2, the front supporting and positioning assembly 1 is a frame structure, and includes a plurality of hole positioners 7 and a frame pressing plate 8 which are matched with the front end of the machine body, the hole positioners 7 are in butt joint with holes on the machine body to realize positioning, and the frame pressing plate 8 is in contact with the front end of the machine body to position and press the front end of the machine body; the hole positioner 7 and the frame pressing plate 8 are fixed on the frame through a displacement adjusting mechanism, the displacement adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod and a hand wheel connected to one end of the screw rod, and the hand wheel is rotated to adjust the extension lengths of the hole positioner 7 and the frame pressing plate 8.
As shown in fig. 1, the middle supporting and positioning assembly is a frame structure, and includes a supporting and positioning member I2 and a supporting and positioning member II3 arranged in parallel, and the supporting and positioning member I2 cooperates with the front supporting and positioning assembly 1 to fix the front section of the fuselage; the supporting and positioning part II3 is matched with the rear supporting and positioning component 4 to fix the rear section of the fuselage.
As shown in fig. 3, the supporting and positioning member I2 includes a lower receiving pallet 9, a fast-positioning positioner 11, and a lateral pressing device 10, which are disposed on the frame, wherein the supporting direction of the lower receiving pallet 9 is adapted to the shape of the fuselage, the fast-positioning positioner 11 is adapted to a guide groove on the fuselage, so as to realize fast positioning of the fuselage, and the lateral pressing device 10 is symmetrically disposed and mainly used for supporting and fixing two side portions of the fuselage; the supporting positioning piece II3 and the supporting positioning piece I2 are arranged in parallel, the supporting positioning piece II3 comprises a lower bearing supporting plate 9, a front landing gear shaft positioner 12 and a lateral pressing device 10, and the lateral pressing device 10 comprises a pressing block and a hand wheel screw rod connected to the rear end of the pressing block.
The supporting positioning piece I2 and the supporting positioning piece II3 are both detachable structures, the supporting positioning piece I2 comprises a first supporting frame 200 and a second supporting frame 201 which are arranged in parallel, the supporting positioning piece II3 comprises a third supporting frame 300 and a fourth supporting frame 301, and connecting rods 6 which can be detached quickly are arranged between the first supporting frame 200 and the second supporting frame 201 and between the third supporting frame 300 and the fourth supporting frame 301.
As shown in fig. 4, the rear supporting and positioning assembly 4 is of a frame structure, and includes a lifting speed reducer 14, a temporary lower supporting plate 13, a hole positioner 7 for being matched with the rear end of the machine body, and a plurality of vacuum chucks 15 for fixedly holding the rear end of the machine body, which are arranged at the bottom of the frame, wherein the lifting speed reducer 14 is used for adjusting the height of the rear supporting and positioning assembly 4, so as to facilitate the quick positioning and assembly of the rear supporting and positioning assembly 4 and the machine body; the hole positioner 7 is in inserting fit with a hole in the machine body to realize rapid positioning; the rear end of the vacuum sucker 15 is connected with a screw rod hand wheel, and the screw rod hand wheel is adjusted to realize the pressing and fixing of the rear end of the machine body.
As shown in fig. 5, the vehicle roof structure further comprises a top shape-preserving component 5, wherein the top shape-preserving component 5 is a frame structure and comprises a frame beam positioner 16 and an upper ball head connecting plate which are arranged on the frame. In the hole making process, the frame beam positioner 16 is connected and matched with a frame beam at the top of the airplane body, the upper ball head connecting plate is connected with the inverted POGO column, and pressure is applied to the upper part of the airplane through the POGO column to keep the shape of the upper part of the airplane.
The invention also provides an assembly method of the flexible posture adjusting mechanism, and the assembly flow of the method comprises the following specific processes:
step one, hanging the front section of the airplane body into a supporting positioning piece I2, fixing the front section of the airplane body on a supporting positioning piece I2 by means of a quick positioning positioner 11, and guiding a hole positioner 7 on a front supporting positioning assembly 1 to be connected with a frame fabrication hole of the front section of the airplane according to a target measurement value of the front section of the airplane body so as to complete the combination of a product of the front section of the airplane body and each positioning support piece;
secondly, positioning and supporting the rear section of the fuselage on a supporting and positioning part II3 by means of a front landing gear shaft positioner 12, temporarily supporting the rear end of the rear section of the fuselage on a temporary lower supporting plate 13 of a rear supporting and positioning assembly 4, and then connecting a hole positioner 7 on the rear supporting and positioning assembly 4 with a frame process hole of the rear section of the fuselage according to a target measurement value of the rear section of the fuselage to complete the combination of the fuselage product and each positioning and supporting part; the front section and the rear section of the airplane body are respectively bound with the locators and the pressing devices into a whole, no relative displacement exists, and the target point value on the airplane product and the tool TB point are in the same coordinate system;
measuring the target values of the front and rear sections of the fixed machine body, and realizing the involution assembly of the front and rear sections of the machine body by using a digital attitude adjusting device POGO column and an attitude adjusting algorithm;
fourthly, the combined tool and the airplane product are transported integrally to a hole making station through a rail, at the moment, the POGO column of the hole making station supports the outer ball heads of the supporting and positioning piece I2 and the supporting and positioning piece II3, and the top shape-preserving component 5 is hung and connected with the cabin opening frame beam so as to preserve the shape of the upper part of the airplane;
step five, dismantling the connecting rods 6 on the supporting positioning piece I2 and the supporting positioning piece II3 and the pressing devices in the supporting positioning assemblies, and enabling the first bearing frame 200, the second bearing frame 201, the third bearing frame 300 and the fourth bearing frame 301 to respectively move up, down, front, back, left and right in a time sequence mode through POGO columns of a hole making station to avoid, so that the hole making and face milling efficiency of the numerical control machine tool is improved;
and fifthly, the combined tool and the airplane product integrally enter a riveting assembly station, at the moment, the tool plays a role of a bracket, the airplane product is put off after assembly is finished, and assembly is finished.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a flexible accent appearance is to closing frock which characterized in that: comprises a front supporting and positioning component (1), a middle supporting and positioning component and a rear supporting and positioning component (4) which are dispersedly fixed on a POGO post of digital posture adjusting equipment; the middle supporting and positioning assembly comprises an independent supporting and positioning piece I (2) and an independent supporting and positioning piece II (3), the supporting and positioning piece I (2) is matched with the front supporting and positioning assembly (1) to fix the front section of the airplane body, the supporting and positioning piece II (3) is matched with the rear supporting and positioning assembly (4) to fix the rear section of the airplane body, and the front supporting and positioning assembly (1), the supporting and positioning piece I (2), the supporting and positioning piece II (3) and the rear supporting and positioning assembly (4) are respectively provided with a positioner and a compactor which are coordinated with key characteristic points of the airplane in a line-plane manner, and the compactor is further connected with a displacement adjusting mechanism; the front support positioning assembly (1) comprises a plurality of hole positioners (7) and a frame pressing plate (8), wherein the hole positioners (7) are used for being matched and positioned with a frame process hole at the front end of the airplane body, and the frame pressing plate (8) is used for positioning and pressing the front end of the airplane; the supporting and positioning piece I (2) and the supporting and positioning piece II (3) respectively comprise a lower bearing supporting plate (9) and lateral pressers (10) for fixing two sides of the machine body; a quick positioning locator (11) matched with the machine body guide groove is arranged on the supporting and positioning piece I (2), and a front landing gear shaft locator (12) is arranged on the supporting and positioning piece II (3); the rear support positioning assembly (4) comprises a lifting speed reducer (14) used for adjusting the height, a plurality of hole positioners (7) arranged above the lifting speed reducer (14) and a vacuum sucker (15), and the vacuum sucker (15) is used for fixing and pressing the rear end of the machine body.
2. The flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame pressing plate (8) and the lateral pressing device (10) of the machine body are both connected with a hand wheel screw rod adjusting device.
3. The flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top shape-preserving type beam positioning device is characterized by further comprising a top shape-preserving component (5), wherein a frame beam positioner (16) is arranged on the top shape-preserving component (5).
4. The flexible posture-adjusting and aligning tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting and positioning part I (2) comprises a first supporting frame (200) and a second supporting frame (201) which are parallel, the supporting and positioning part II (3) comprises a third supporting frame (300) and a fourth supporting frame (301), and detachable connecting rods (6) are arranged between the first supporting frame (200) and the second supporting frame (201) and between the third supporting frame (300) and the fourth supporting frame (301).
5. The assembling method of the flexible posture-adjusting and aligning tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the front section of the airplane body is hung into a front section positioning and fixing station consisting of a front supporting and positioning component (1) and a supporting and positioning component I (2), and the rear section of the airplane body is hung into a rear section positioning and fixing station consisting of a supporting and positioning component II (3) and a rear supporting and positioning component (4), so that the front section and the rear section of the airplane body are respectively bound with each positioner and the compactor into a whole without relative displacement, and a target point value on an airplane product and a tool TB point are in the same coordinate system;
B. measuring a target point value or a tool TB point value of a machine body product on site, starting a POGO post of a digital posture adjusting device, and finishing involution assembly of the front section and the rear section of the machine body by using a posture adjusting algorithm;
C. integrally transporting the combined tool and the product to a hole making station, hanging a top shape-preserving component (5) to be connected with a cabin opening frame beam, and preserving the shape of the upper part of the airplane;
D. disassembling the pressing devices on the supporting and positioning assemblies, and then drilling and milling;
E. transporting the tool and the product to a riveting repair station for riveting assembly;
F. and (5) putting the product off the shelf and finishing assembly.
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| CN202011162299.2A CN112570987B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool and assembling method thereof |
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| CN202011162299.2A CN112570987B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Flexible posture-adjusting and involuting tool and assembling method thereof |
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| CN112570987B true CN112570987B (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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| CN113263311B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-28 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Modularized positioning system for airplane rapid assembly and assembling and adjusting method thereof |
| CN113263481B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-09-28 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Reconfigurable modular assembly platform, system and assembly method for aircraft assembly |
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| CN114872924B (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-07-07 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Repair type frame for aircraft structure |
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| CN112570987A (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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