CN106799554B - A special welding fixture system for gas spring type full load frame assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a special welding fixture system for a gas spring type full-bearing frame assembly, which is used for welding a frame front section, a frame middle section and a frame rear section which form the frame assembly into the frame assembly. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of shortening the production period, saving the field, reducing the investment, being suitable for small-batch multi-variety production, accurate positioning, strong adaptability, convenient operation and the like.

Description

A special welding fixture system for gas spring type full load frame assembly

technical field

The invention relates to the welding field of automobiles, in particular to a special welding fixture system for a gas spring type full-loaded vehicle frame assembly.

Background technique

At present, our company's existing bus full-load frame assembly is mainly a space structure welded by various specifications of special-shaped steel pipes and section steel. Its welding workload and welding deformation are relatively large. The production workshop basically adopts the "floor-style" method, using existing pipes to make some integral simple welding fixtures, which has poor positioning accuracy and a large amount of rework.

This kind of simple tooling is cumbersome to operate. A tape measure is used for each assembly and welding. The production efficiency is low, and the product quality and consistency cannot be guaranteed. As a result, different problems often occur in the subsequent chassis assembly process. Cutting, drilling and reprocessing with electric drills and other equipment is time-consuming and laborious, which seriously affects the overall quality of the frame.

Chinese patent CN203227959U discloses a fully loaded vehicle frame welding mold, including a chassis and a positioning column for supporting the frame, the positioning column includes a positioning column body and a positioning base for connecting the positioning column body and the chassis, and the positioning base It is fixedly connected with the chassis, and the body of the positioning column is connected with the positioning base through a detachable structure. The detachable structure includes a mating positioning structure for upper limit cooperation in the horizontal direction, insertion and positioning cooperation in the up and down direction, and a mating positioning structure for blocking the positioning column. The anti-rotation structure for the body relative to the positioning base to rotate around the axis extending along the insertion direction. The underframe in this patent is integrated, which cannot be processed and welded in sections, but can only be carried out as a whole, which has a long production cycle and takes up a lot of space.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a gas spring type air spring that can shorten the production cycle, save space, reduce investment, is suitable for small batch and multi-variety production, accurate positioning, strong adaptability, and easy operation. Special welding fixture system for fully loaded frame assembly.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A special welding fixture system for gas spring type full-loaded frame assembly, which is used to weld the front section, middle section and rear section of the frame assembly into a frame assembly, including the assembly platform base and The welding jigs for the front section of the frame, the welding jigs for the middle section of the frame and the welding jigs for the rear section of the frame are arranged in sequence on the base of the assembly platform.

The base of the assembly platform includes two parallel slide rails,

The above-mentioned welding fixtures all include a bearing bracket and a positioning unit fixed on the bearing bracket. The positioning unit includes a positioning bracket, a positioning mechanism and a quick clamp. The lower part of the bearing bracket is provided with a slider, and the slider contacts the slide rail. .

The slide rail is made of light rail steel and is fixed on the upper flange of the H-shaped steel, and the slide block is positioned on the upper plane and the side of the slide rail.

The bearing bracket is formed by welding rectangular tubes.

The load-bearing brackets of the welding jigs for the front section of the vehicle frame and the welding jigs for the rear section of the vehicle frame also include steel plates, and the steel plates are welded together with the rectangular tubes at the bottom of the load-bearing brackets. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning block or a positioning pin, which is arranged on the positioning bracket. Strengthen the strength of the bearing bracket.

The positioning block and the positioning bracket are accurately positioned and fastened with bolts, and a backing plate is provided between the positioning block and the positioning bracket.

The quick clamp is a flip-type C-shaped clamp, which is arranged on the positioning bracket.

The slide rail is a linear slide rail, and the upper surface is flush.

The system also includes a displacement control device, which includes a linear motor, a displacement sensor and a control box, and is used to control the position of the welding fixture on the slide rail.

The linear motor includes a mover and a stator, the mover is respectively located on the welding jig for the front section of the frame, the welding jig for the middle section of the frame and the welding jig for the rear section of the frame, and the stator is located on the slide rail;

The displacement sensor is a grating displacement sensor;

The welding jig positioning mechanism is a plug-in positioning mechanism, including pins respectively located on the welding jigs of the front section of the vehicle frame, the welding jigs of the middle section of the vehicle frame and the welding jigs of the rear section of the vehicle frame, and the pin holes located on the base of the assembly platform.

The positioning unit on the welding fixture of the front section of the frame includes the positioning unit of the frame frame of the front section of the vehicle body, the positioning unit of the connecting beam of the frame frame of the front section of the vehicle body, the positioning unit of the thrust rod seat of the front suspension, the positioning unit of the thrust rod seat of the front suspension, and the positioning of the front airbag cover The unit and the front shock absorber bracket positioning unit are respectively connected with the front frame frame of the vehicle body, the frame frame connecting beam of the front body frame, the front suspension thrust rod seat, the front suspension lower thrust rod seat, the front airbag cover plate and the front The shock absorber mounts are set accordingly.

The positioning unit on the welding jig for the middle section of the vehicle body includes a positioning unit for the frame of the middle section of the vehicle body and a positioning unit for the connecting beam of the frame of the middle section of the vehicle body.

The positioning unit on the welding fixture of the rear section of the frame includes the positioning unit of the frame frame of the rear section of the vehicle body, the positioning unit of the connecting beam of the frame frame of the rear section of the vehicle body, the positioning unit of the thrust rod seat of the rear suspension, the positioning unit of the thrust rod seat of the rear suspension, and the engine The frame positioning unit, the rear airbag cover plate positioning unit and the rear shock absorber bracket positioning unit are respectively connected with the frame frame frame of the rear section of the vehicle body, the connection beam of the frame frame frame of the rear section of the vehicle body, and the thrust rod seat of the rear suspension , rear suspension lower thrust rod seat, engine frame, rear airbag cover and rear shock absorber bracket are set accordingly.

The invention includes the assembly platform base, the welding jig for the front section of the vehicle frame, the welding jig for the middle section of the vehicle frame and the welding jig for the rear section of the vehicle frame, and also includes a displacement control device.

The base of the assembly platform is composed of standard H-shaped steel and light rail steel. During production, ensure that the upper planes of the two light rail steels are equal in height and the four sides are parallel to each other, and ensure that the center distance of the two light rail steels meets the design requirements. Level and fix with the ground to ensure no deformation. The most important feature of this assembly platform base is that it adjusts the positions of the three welding fixtures in the front, middle and rear sections of the body through the displacement control device to suit the assembly of frames of various lengths and lengths, and there is no need to make additional welding due to product changes total platform.

The product positioning units on the three welding fixtures of the front section, middle section and rear section of the car body can be changed due to product changes, but their positioning bases (that is, the three welding fixtures of the front section, middle section and rear section of the car body) are compatible with the two light rail steel The upper plane is parallel to the same height, and the two sides must also be parallel to the side of the rail steel and have the same center distance, so as to ensure that the size does not change when moving on the base of the assembly platform.

The displacement control device is used for the linear movement of the three welding fixtures of the front section, middle section and rear section of the car body on the base of the assembly platform, which not only avoids damage to the tooling but also reduces the labor intensity of the operator.

After the positions of the three welding fixtures in the front section, middle section and rear section of the car body are determined on the base of the assembly platform, the three-section welding fixtures and the base of the assembly platform are fixed by the welding fixture fixing mechanism so as to be completely positioned. The fixing structure of the welding fixture is in the up and down direction The plug-in positioning structure is used to prevent the mutual movement and rotation of the welding fixtures of each section and the base of the assembly platform. After the positioning assembly and the base frame are positioned, use the clamping device to completely fix the welding jig and the base of the assembly table to prevent the positioning assembly from moving or being damaged when the product is released from the mold, thereby affecting product quality.

The invention finds out the production commonality of the gas spring type full-loaded vehicle frame assembly by applying a step-by-step dissection method according to the mechanism characteristics and technological requirements of the product. First divide the vehicle frame assembly into three sub-assemblies of the front section, the middle section and the rear section, and then split the sub-assembly into several skeleton frames. During production, several skeleton frames are welded and shaped in place, and then each frame frame is placed into the three sub-assembly special welding fixtures for the front section, middle section, and rear section for positioning, clamping, and welding, and then placed in sequence The connecting beams of each skeleton frame are tightened with the positioning block in a free state, and welded to each frame frame, and finally the key points such as the thrust rod support, the shock absorber fixing plate, and the airbag cover plate in the front and rear subassemblies are welded The parts are turned over and welded after being released from the mold, and finally put on the assembly welding assembly table for three-stage sub-assembly assembly welding. The key parts such as the thrust rod support, shock absorber fixing plate, and airbag cover are all precisely positioned with positioning pins. The base of the general assembly platform is suitable for the assembly and welding of the frame assembly below 12 meters. It adopts the combination of H-shaped steel and track steel. The upper plane and side of the light track steel are used as the positioning reference. The positioning of the front, middle and rear sub-assemblies The unit is positioned by it, which can ensure the positional relationship of the frame in the Y direction and the Z direction, and the hole positioning on the airbag cover plate in the front and rear sub-assemblies in the X direction can ensure the wheelbase of the frame.

The invention strictly follows the principle of six-point positioning, and adopts a modern, fast and efficient manual clamping method, so that the movement of the workpiece along the three axes of OX, OY, and OZ and the rotation around the three axes are all restricted in all six degrees of freedom. , so that the position of the workpiece in space is completely fixed, and then clamped with a quick fixture, which effectively guarantees the overall welding quality of the frame and the position accuracy of key components.

In order to prevent manufacturing errors caused by welding deformation, the welding sequence is adjusted, and the key components such as the thrust rod support, shock absorber fixing plate, and airbag cover plate are basically welded after the basic welding of the frame is completed, and then positioning welding is performed.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The skeleton is decomposed into several single-chip small assemblies, which are assembled and welded in advance, thereby improving work efficiency and shortening the production cycle, which is suitable for mass production;

(2) The key dimensions of the thrust rod support, airbag cover, shock absorber bracket and other key dimensions all adopt combined fixtures, which are accurate in positioning and reliable in clamping, fully guarantee the welding quality and technical process size requirements, and create conditions for the subsequent assembly process ;

(3) The positioning of each part is accurate and reliable, the clamping is fast, and the welding sequence is correct, which solves the problem of easy deformation of the welding of the three-dimensional structure planarization;

(4) The base of the assembly platform has strong versatility and can be applied to the assembly positioning of the frame below 12 meters;

(5) Spacious space, easy operation for workers, convenient welding and easy demoulding.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the front view structure of the front section welding fixture of the vehicle frame of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a left view structural schematic diagram of the front section welding fixture of the vehicle frame of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the front view structure of the rear section welding fixture of the vehicle frame of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a left view structural diagram of the welding jig for the rear section of the vehicle frame according to the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is the front section of the vehicle frame, 2 is the middle section of the vehicle frame, 3 is the rear section of the vehicle frame, 4 is the welding fixture for the front section of the vehicle frame, 41 is the positioning unit of the front shock absorber bracket, 42 is the positioning unit of the front airbag cover, 43 44 is the positioning unit for the lower thrust rod seat of the front suspension, 45 is the frame positioning unit for the front section of the vehicle body, 5 is the welding fixture for the middle section of the vehicle frame, 6 is the welding fixture for the rear section of the vehicle frame, and 61 is Rear shock absorber bracket positioning unit, 62 is rear airbag cover positioning unit, 63 is rear suspension upper thrust rod seat positioning unit, 64 is rear suspension lower thrust rod seat positioning unit, 65 is engine frame positioning unit, 66 is vehicle body Rear frame frame positioning unit, 7 is a slide block, 8 is a slide rail, and 9 is an H-shaped steel.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

A special welding fixture system for a gas spring type full-loaded vehicle frame assembly, as shown in Figure 1, used to weld the front section 1 of the vehicle frame, the middle section 2 of the vehicle frame and the rear section 3 of the vehicle frame to form a vehicle frame The assembly includes the base of the assembly platform and the welding jig 4 for the front section of the frame, the welding jig 5 for the middle section of the frame and the welding jig 6 for the rear section of the frame arranged sequentially on the base of the assembly platform. Wherein the base of the assembly platform includes two parallel slide rails 8, and the welding fixtures include a bearing bracket and a positioning unit fixed on the bearing bracket, the positioning unit includes a positioning bracket, a positioning mechanism and a quick clamp, and the lower part of the bearing bracket is provided with a slider 7 , the slider 7 is in contact with the slide rail 8. The slide rail 8 is made of light rail steel. The upper plane and the side of the rail 8 are used as positioning references for precise positioning, and the bearing brackets of the front welding fixture 4 of the vehicle frame and the welding fixture 6 of the middle section of the vehicle frame also include steel plates, and the steel plates are welded together with the rectangular tube group at the bottom of the bearing bracket. The strength of the fixture is strengthened, and the welding fixture 5 of the middle section of the vehicle frame is composed of three rectangular tubes for carrying the middle section of the vehicle body. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning block or a positioning pin, which is arranged on the positioning bracket, wherein the positioning block and the positioning bracket are accurately positioned and fastened with bolts, and a backing plate is arranged between the positioning block and the positioning bracket. The quick fixture is a flip-type C-shaped fixture, which is set on the positioning bracket and used to clamp the workpiece.

Among them, as shown in Figures 2 to 3, the positioning unit on the welding fixture 4 of the front section of the frame includes a front shock absorber bracket positioning unit 41 of the front section 1 of the vehicle body, a front airbag cover positioning unit 42, and a front suspension upper thrust rod seat positioning unit. 43. Front suspension lower thrust rod seat positioning unit 44, vehicle body front section skeleton frame positioning unit 45 and vehicle body front section frame frame connecting beam positioning unit are respectively connected with the front shock absorber bracket on the front section 1 of the vehicle frame, the front airbag cover plate, The upper thrust rod seat of the front suspension, the lower thrust rod seat of the front suspension, the skeleton frame of the front section of the vehicle body and the connecting beam of the frame frame of the front section of the vehicle body are arranged correspondingly.

The positioning unit on the welding jig 5 of the middle section of the vehicle body includes the middle section skeleton frame positioning unit and the middle section frame piece connecting beam positioning unit, which are respectively corresponding to the middle section frame frame and the middle frame piece connecting beam on the middle section 2 of the vehicle frame. set up.

As shown in Figures 4-5, the positioning unit on the welding jig 6 of the front section of the frame includes a rear shock absorber bracket positioning unit 61 of the rear section 3 of the vehicle body, a rear airbag cover positioning unit 62, and a rear suspension upper thrust rod seat positioning unit 63 , rear suspension lower thrust rod seat positioning unit 64, engine frame positioning unit 65, vehicle body rear section frame frame positioning unit 66 and vehicle body rear segment frame frame connecting beam positioning unit, respectively with the rear shock absorber on the vehicle body rear section 3 The device bracket, the rear air bag cover plate, the upper thrust rod seat of the rear suspension, the lower thrust rod seat of the rear suspension, the engine frame, the frame frame frame of the rear section of the vehicle body and the connecting beam of the frame frame frame of the rear section of the vehicle body are arranged accordingly.

During production, several skeleton frames are welded and shaped in place, and then each frame frame is placed into the three sub-assembly special welding fixtures for the front section, middle section, and rear section for positioning, clamping, and welding, and then placed in sequence The connecting beams of each skeleton frame are tightened with the positioning block in a free state, and welded to each frame frame, and finally the key points such as the thrust rod support, the shock absorber fixing plate, and the airbag cover plate in the front and rear subassemblies are welded The parts are turned over and welded after being released from the mold, and finally put on the assembly welding assembly platform for three-stage sub-assembly assembly welding. The key parts such as the thrust rod support, shock absorber fixing plate, and airbag cover plate are all precisely positioned by cylindrical positioning pins. The invention strictly follows the principle of six-point positioning, and adopts a modern, fast and efficient manual clamping method, so that the movement of the workpiece along the three axes of OX, OY, and OZ and the rotation around the three axes are all restricted in all six degrees of freedom. , so that the position of the workpiece in space is completely fixed, and then clamped with a quick fixture, which effectively guarantees the overall welding quality of the frame and the position accuracy of key components.

Example 2

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that in this embodiment, the front welding fixture 4 of the vehicle frame, the middle welding fixture 5 of the vehicle frame, and the rear welding fixture 6 of the vehicle frame do not have steel plates on the load-bearing brackets, but only use rectangular steel plates. Welded.

Example 3

This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1. The welding fixture system of this embodiment also includes a displacement control device, which includes a linear motor, a displacement sensor, a welding fixture positioning mechanism and a control box, and is used to control the welding fixture on the slide position on the Among them, the linear motor includes a mover and a stator, the mover is located on each welding fixture, and the stator is located on the slide rail; the displacement sensor is a grating displacement sensor; the welding fixture positioning mechanism is a plug-in positioning structure in the up and down direction, including The pin on the welding fixture and the pin hole on the base of the assembly platform. The welding fixtures of each section are displaced, positioned and fixed on the base of the assembly platform under the control of the control box.

Claims (8)

1. a special welding fixture system for a gas spring type full-bearing frame assembly is characterized by being used for welding a frame assembly by a frame front section, a frame middle section and a frame rear section which form the frame assembly, and comprising a general assembly table base and a frame front section welding fixture, a frame middle section welding fixture and a frame rear section welding fixture which are sequentially arranged on the general assembly table base,

the general splicing table base comprises two parallel slide rails,

The welding fixtures all comprise a bearing support and a positioning unit fixed on the bearing support, the positioning unit comprises a positioning support, a positioning mechanism and a quick fixture, a sliding block is arranged at the lower part of the bearing support, and the sliding block is in contact with a sliding rail;

The system also comprises a displacement control device, wherein the displacement control device comprises a linear motor, a displacement sensor, a welding fixture positioning mechanism and a control box and is used for controlling the position of the welding fixture on the sliding rail;

the linear motor comprises a rotor and a stator, the rotor is respectively positioned on the frame front section welding fixture, the frame middle section welding fixture and the frame rear section welding fixture, and the stator is positioned on the slide rail;

The displacement sensor is a grating displacement sensor;

the welding fixture positioning mechanism is a plug-in type positioning mechanism and comprises bolts and bolt holes, wherein the bolts are respectively positioned on the frame front section welding fixture, the frame middle section welding fixture and the frame rear section welding fixture, and the bolt holes are positioned on the general splicing table base;

The positioning unit on the welding fixture for the front section of the frame comprises a positioning unit for a framework sheet frame of the front section of the frame, a positioning unit for a connecting beam of the framework sheet frame of the front section of the frame, a positioning unit for a thrust rod seat of a front suspension, a positioning unit for a cover plate of a front airbag and a positioning unit for a support of a front damper, which are respectively arranged corresponding to the framework sheet frame of the front section of the frame, the connecting beam of the framework sheet frame of the front section of the frame, the thrust rod seat of the front suspension, the support of the thrust rod seat of the,

the positioning unit on the welding fixture for the middle section of the vehicle body comprises a positioning unit for a framework sheet frame of the middle section of the vehicle body and a positioning unit for a connecting beam of the framework sheet frame of the middle section of the vehicle body, which are respectively arranged corresponding to the framework sheet frame of the middle section of the vehicle body and the connecting beam of the framework sheet frame of the middle section of the vehicle body on the middle section of the vehicle frame,

the positioning unit on the frame rear section welding fixture comprises a body rear section framework sheet frame positioning unit, a body rear section framework sheet frame connecting beam positioning unit, a rear overhang upper thrust rod seat positioning unit, a rear overhang lower thrust rod seat positioning unit, an engine sheet frame positioning unit, a rear air bag cover plate positioning unit and a rear shock absorber support positioning unit which are respectively arranged corresponding to the body rear section framework sheet frame on the frame rear section, the body rear section framework sheet frame connecting beam, the rear overhang upper thrust rod seat, the rear overhang lower thrust rod seat, the engine sheet frame, a rear air bag cover plate and the rear shock absorber support.

2. the special welding fixture system for the air spring type full-load frame assembly according to claim 1, wherein the slide rail is made of light rail steel and fixed on an upper flange of the H-shaped steel, and the slide block takes an upper plane and a side surface of the slide rail as positioning references.

3. The welding fixture system special for the air spring type full-load frame assembly according to claim 1, wherein the load-bearing bracket is formed by welding rectangular pipes.

4. The welding fixture system special for the gas spring type full-load frame assembly according to claim 3, wherein the load-bearing supports of the frame front section welding fixture and the frame rear section welding fixture further comprise steel plates, and the steel plates are welded with the rectangular pipes at the bottoms of the load-bearing supports.

5. The special welding fixture system for the air spring type full-load frame assembly according to claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning block or a positioning pin, and the positioning block or the positioning pin is arranged on the positioning support.

6. The welding fixture system special for the gas spring type full-load frame assembly according to claim 5, wherein the positioning block and the positioning support are accurately positioned and fastened by bolts, and a base plate is arranged between the positioning block and the positioning support.

7. the welding fixture system special for the gas spring type full-load frame assembly according to claim 1, wherein the rapid fixture is a turnover type C-shaped fixture and is arranged on the positioning bracket.

8. the welding fixture system special for the air spring type full-load frame assembly according to claim 1, wherein the slide rail is a linear slide rail, and the upper surface of the slide rail is flush.