CN112570827B - Constant-gap rotary printing electrolytic machining method and system based on online monitoring of machining depth - Google Patents
Constant-gap rotary printing electrolytic machining method and system based on online monitoring of machining depth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method and system based on-line monitoring of machining depth. The method comprises the steps of clamping a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode on a machine tool at an initial machining gap; acquiring an initial boundary position of a workpiece to be processed; synchronously rotating the tool electrode and the workpiece to be processed, and introducing electrolyte; processing a workpiece to be processed according to the processing parameters; after a time interval is set for machining, acquiring a machined boundary position of a workpiece to be machined; determining the erosion removal amount of the workpiece to be processed according to the boundary positions measured twice; if the etching amount is larger than or equal to the set etching amount, stopping machining; if the etching amount is less than the set etching amount, determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed; and re-determining the etching amount until the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size, and stopping machining. The method can solve the problem of unbalance of the processing gap in the spin-printing electrolytic processing process, is beneficial to realizing the stability of the processing gap of the spin-printing electrolytic processing, and improves the precision of the spin-printing electrolytic processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, in particular to a constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method and system based on machining depth online monitoring.
Background
The electrochemical machining is a technological method for processing and shaping a workpiece according to a certain shape and size by utilizing an anode dissolution principle in an electrochemical reaction and dissolving and removing an anode metal material in an electrolyte by means of a shaping cathode. The electrochemical machining has the advantages of high machining speed, good surface quality, no macroscopic cutting force, no tool loss and the like, is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, war industry, weapons and the like, and is mainly used for machining blades, gun barrel rifling, cavities, profile holes, microstructures and the like. Electrolytic machining has become an important technology in aerospace manufacturing, and is mainly used for machining engine blades, casings and the like.
The forming precision, the surface roughness and the like of the electrolytically machined workpiece are direct indexes for judging the process. In view of the machining process, in the electrolytic machining, a machining gap (pole gap) between the cathode and the anode is a core problem affecting the precision of the electrolytic machining. Meanwhile, the machining gap is an important factor influencing the electrolytic machining efficiency and the surface quality and is also an important reference index for cathode design and machining parameter selection. The forming precision of the anode workpiece in the electrolytic machining depends on multi-field coupling of an electric field between a cathode and an anode, a flow field in a machining gap, electrode polarization, electrolyte temperature and the like, so that the detection and the control of the machining process are very difficult. The machining gap is a comprehensive influence result of a plurality of factors in the anode dissolving process, and the detection and control of the machining gap are one of the key problems which are continuously explored by domestic and foreign electrochemical machining experts and influence the machining precision. Until now, no effective method for on-line monitoring and controlling of machining gaps exists in electrolytic machining, and all countries around the world actively develop the research on the aspect.
The rotary printing electrolytic machining is a method for machining a part with a complex-structure revolving body by utilizing an electrochemical anode dissolution principle, the revolving body with a hollowed window is adopted as a tool electrode, a workpiece is used as an anode, during machining, the workpiece and the tool electrode rotate relatively at the same angular speed, the tool electrode performs feeding motion along the radial direction of the anode of the workpiece at a certain speed, the surface material of the anode workpiece is continuously dissolved under the electrolytic action, and the part with the complex concave-convex structure is machined at one time under the rolling sleeve action of the window structure on the surface of the tool electrode (application No. 105201447093. X). The rotary printing electrolytic machining has unique advantages for machining the revolving body part with the complex concave-convex structure, and is particularly suitable for machining thin-wall case parts of the aero-engine. In the spin-printing electrolytic machining process, the machining gap between the cathode and the anode is usually in a relative balance state from an unbalanced state, the machining gap is irregularly changed in the unbalanced state process, and the machining gap is continuously increased along with the reduction of the diameter of the anode workpiece in the relative balance state, so that the control of the machining gap is more difficult in the spin-printing electrolytic machining process, and the machining precision of parts is influenced.
At present, the on-line monitoring and control of electrolytic machining are also achieved at home and abroad. In the patent of 'a method for detecting minimum clearance between electrodes in numerical control electrolytic machining' (application number 201911190290.X), when electrolytic machining tends to a stable state, machining is stopped, a buzzing gear of a multimeter is connected into a measuring loop, so that the feeding amount of anodes when the cathodes and the anodes are in contact with each other is detected, namely the balance clearance at the moment, the feeding speed is continuously adjusted, and the minimum clearance is measured. In the patent "a numerical control electrolytic machining electrode gap control method and apparatus" (application No. 201310542031.5), a hall current sensor is used to detect the current magnitude during the machining process, and at the same time, the high precision position control system of the numerical control machine realizes the calibration between the current magnitude and the machining gap, and the machining gap is controlled by the system, so that the machining gap is maintained in a stable state.
In the patent, the feeding amount is measured by using a universal meter to reflect the machining gap, the machining can only be stopped for detection, the machining is not facilitated, in the electrolytic machining process, the machining surface of a workpiece is passivated due to the fact that the machining is stopped, the subsequent machining is not facilitated, and the limitation is realized; the machining gap is calibrated by measuring the current by the Hall element, so that the monitoring and the control of the machining gap are realized, but the current is used for representing the size of the machining gap, and the current is influenced by a plurality of factors in the machining process, so that the accuracy is difficult to measure and the universality is not realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method and system based on online monitoring of machining depth, which can solve the problem of unbalance of machining gaps in the spin-printing electrolytic machining process, contribute to realizing the stability of the machining gaps of spin-printing electrolytic machining and improve the precision of spin-printing electrolytic machining.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a constant-gap rotary printing electrolytic machining method based on-line monitoring of machining depth comprises the following steps:
clamping a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode on a machine tool at an initial machining gap; the circle center of the workpiece to be machined, the circle center of the tool electrode and the center of a machine tool measuring head of the machine tool are all positioned on the same straight line; the tool electrode is used for feeding the workpiece to be machined along the straight line;
acquiring an initial boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head; the initial boundary position is the position of the central point of the machine tool measuring head when the machine tool measuring head is in contact with the workpiece to be machined before machining;
acquiring processing parameters; the machining parameters comprise machining voltage, the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, the rotating speed of the tool electrode, the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode and the set erosion removal amount of the workpiece to be machined;
synchronously rotating the tool electrode and the workpiece to be machined according to the rotating speed of the tool electrode and the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, and introducing electrolyte;
processing the workpiece to be processed according to the processing parameters;
after a time interval is set in the machining process, acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head; the position of the machine tool measuring head at the current moment is the same as the position of the machine tool measuring head at the initial moment;
determining the erosion amount of the workpiece to be machined according to the machined boundary position and the initial boundary position;
judging whether the etching amount is smaller than the set etching amount;
if the etching amount is larger than or equal to the set etching amount, the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size, and machining is stopped;
if the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount, determining the erosion speed of the workpiece to be processed;
and updating the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode to the etching speed of the workpiece to be machined, returning to the set time interval to be machined, and acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head until the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size, and stopping machining.
The value range of the initial machining gap is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
The acquiring of the processing parameters specifically comprises:
using the formula xmax＝Ra-RdDetermining theSetting an etching amount; wherein R isaIs the initial radius, R, of the workpiece to be machineddThe radius of the workpiece to be machined after reaching the machining size.
If the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount, determining the erosion speed of the workpiece to be processed, specifically comprising:
acquiring the boundary position after the ith processing, the boundary position after the (i-1) th processing and the time interval between the ith processing and the (i-1) th processing;
using formulas
Determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed; wherein, tiTotal time of i passes, ti-1Total time of i-1 passes, xi-1Is the boundary position after the i-1 st machining, xiThe position of the boundary after the ith machining.
A constant-gap rotary printing electrolytic machining system based on machining depth online monitoring comprises:
the clamping module is used for clamping a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode on a machine tool in an initial machining gap; the circle center of the workpiece to be machined, the circle center of the tool electrode and the center of a machine tool measuring head of the machine tool are all positioned on the same straight line; the tool electrode is used for feeding the workpiece to be machined along the straight line;
the initial boundary position acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by utilizing the machine tool measuring head; the initial boundary position is the position of the central point of the machine tool measuring head when the machine tool measuring head is in contact with the workpiece to be machined before machining;
the processing parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring processing parameters; the machining parameters comprise machining voltage, the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, the rotating speed of the tool electrode, the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode and the set erosion removal amount of the workpiece to be machined;
the electrolyte introducing module is used for synchronously rotating the tool electrode and the workpiece to be machined according to the rotating speed of the tool electrode and the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, and introducing electrolyte;
the processing module is used for processing the workpiece to be processed according to the processing parameters;
the machined boundary position acquisition module is used for acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by utilizing the machine tool measuring head after a time interval is set for machining; the position of the machine tool measuring head at the current moment is the same as the position of the machine tool measuring head at the initial moment;
the erosion amount determining module is used for determining the erosion amount of the workpiece to be processed according to the processed boundary position and the initial boundary position;
the judging module is used for judging whether the erosion removal amount is smaller than the set erosion removal amount;
the first determining module is used for stopping machining when the to-be-machined workpiece reaches the machining size if the erosion amount is larger than or equal to the set erosion amount;
an erosion speed determination module, configured to determine an erosion speed of the workpiece to be processed if the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount;
and the second determining module is used for updating the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode to the erosion speed of the workpiece to be machined, returning to the step of acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head after the preset time interval to be machined is reached, and stopping machining until the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size.
The value range of the initial machining gap is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
The processing parameter acquisition module specifically comprises:
setting an etching amount determination unit for using the formula xmax＝Ra-RdDetermining the set erosion amount; wherein R isaIs the initial radius, R, of the workpiece to be machineddThe radius of the workpiece to be machined after reaching the machining size.
The erosion speed determination module specifically includes:
the parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the boundary position after the ith processing, the boundary position after the (i-1) th processing and the time interval between the ith processing and the (i-1) th processing;
an erosion rate determination unit for using the formula
Determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed; wherein, tiTotal time of i passes, ti-1Total time of i-1 passes, xi-1Is the boundary position after the i-1 st machining, xiThe position of the boundary after the ith machining.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
according to the constant-gap rotary printing electrolytic machining method and system based on online monitoring of machining depth, provided by the invention, aiming at the problem that the machining gap cannot reach a balanced state in the rotary printing electrolytic machining process, the diameter change in the anode dissolution process can be monitored by utilizing an online monitoring technology, so that the anode erosion speed is obtained, and the feeding speed of a cathode and the anode erosion speed are controlled to be consistent through a closed-loop control system, so that the machining gap is always maintained in a stable state, and the precision of rotary printing electrolytic machining is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a constant gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method based on-line monitoring of machining depth provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a clamping layout of a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of boundary position change of a workpiece to be processed, which is obtained by a machine tool measuring head provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic processing system based on online monitoring of processing depth provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method and system based on online monitoring of machining depth, which can solve the problem of unbalance of machining gaps in the spin-printing electrolytic machining process, contribute to realizing the stability of the machining gaps of spin-printing electrolytic machining and improve the precision of spin-printing electrolytic machining.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic processing method based on online monitoring of processing depth, as shown in fig. 1, the constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic processing method based on online monitoring of processing depth provided by the present invention includes:
s101, clamping a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode on a machine tool in an initial machining gap; the circle center of the workpiece to be machined, the circle center of the tool electrode and the center of a machine tool measuring head of the machine tool are all positioned on the same straight line; the tool electrode is used for feeding the workpiece to be machined along the straight line; the value range of the initial machining gap is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a clamping layout of a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the workpiece 2 is installed between the tool electrode 3 and the machine tool probe 1, and the center of the circle of the workpiece 2 and the center of the circle of the tool electrode 3 are located on the same straight line with the center of the machine tool probe 1And the tool electrode 3 is fed toward the workpiece 2 along the straight line while adjusting the positions of the workpiece 2 and the tool electrode 3 such that the gap G between the workpiece 2 and the tool electrode 31(i.e. i-1) meets the requirement that the initial machining clearance is 0.2-0.5mm, and ensures that the roundness error of the workpiece 2 and the tool electrode 3 after clamping is within the allowable error range of 0.005 mm.
S102, acquiring an initial boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head; the initial boundary position is the position of the central point of the machine tool measuring head when the machine tool measuring head is in contact with the workpiece to be machined before machining.
S102 specifically comprises the following steps:
the first (i.e. 1) measurement is performed, the machine tool measuring head 1 slowly approaches the outer contour of the workpiece 2, and when the machine tool measuring head 1 just contacts the workpiece 2, the measuring head center point O of the machine tool measuring head 1 is at this time1Is located at the position (x)10), which is set as the measurement zero point, x1Then the machine tool probe 1 is moved away from the workpiece 2, which is equal to 0.
The machine tool measuring head 1 is a trigger type measuring head, namely when the machine tool measuring head touches the surface of the workpiece 2, the measuring head part stops moving, and large acting force cannot be generated on the workpiece 2.
S103, acquiring processing parameters; the machining parameters comprise machining voltage, the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, the rotating speed of the tool electrode, the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode and the set erosion removal amount of the workpiece to be machined; using the formula xmax＝Ra-RdDetermining the set erosion amount; wherein R isaIs the initial radius, R, of the workpiece to be machineddThe radius of the workpiece to be machined after reaching the machining size. The initial feed speed v of the tool electrode is obtained from the simulation.
S104, synchronously rotating the tool electrode and the workpiece to be machined according to the rotating speed of the tool electrode and the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, and introducing electrolyte; after the interior of the clamp is filled with the solution, the tool electrode 3 starts to feed and starts to process, and the processing time t at the moment is set1When the machining is started, the material of the workpiece 2 is continuously dissolved, and the diameter of the workpiece 2 gradually decreases.
And S105, processing the workpiece to be processed according to the processing parameters.
S106, after a time interval is set for machining, the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined is obtained by the machine tool measuring head; the set time interval is typically the time it takes for the workpiece to rotate 1-5 integer revolutions, and is selected based on the difference between the current erosion amount and the set erosion amount. The position of the machine tool measuring head at the current moment is the same as the position of the machine tool measuring head at the initial moment.
S107, determining the erosion amount of the workpiece to be machined according to the machined boundary position and the initial boundary position.
And S108, judging whether the etching amount is smaller than the set etching amount.
And S109, if the etching amount is larger than or equal to the set etching amount, stopping machining when the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size.
And S110, if the etching amount is smaller than the set etching amount, determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed.
S110 specifically comprises:
and acquiring the boundary position after the ith processing, the boundary position after the (i-1) th processing and the time interval between the ith processing and the (i-1) th processing.
Using formulas
Determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed; wherein, tiTotal time of i passes, ti-1Total time of i-1 passes, xi-1Is the boundary position after the i-1 st machining, xiThe position of the boundary after the ith machining.
And S111, updating the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode to the erosion speed of the workpiece to be machined, returning to the set time interval to be machined, acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head until the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size, and stopping machining.
As a specific embodiment of the constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method based on the online monitoring of the machining depth provided by the invention, the specific steps are as follows:
step 1, installing the workpiece 2 and the tool electrode 3 on a machine tool according to the schematic position shown in fig. 2. The workpiece 2 is arranged between the tool electrode 3 and the machine tool measuring head 1, the circle center of the workpiece 2 and the circle center of the tool electrode 3 are positioned on the same straight line with the center of the machine tool measuring head 1, the tool electrode 3 feeds to the workpiece 2 along the straight line, and the positions of the workpiece 2 and the tool electrode 3 are adjusted simultaneously, so that a gap G between the workpiece 2 and the tool electrode 31(i.e. i-1) meets the requirement that the initial machining clearance is 0.2-0.5mm, and ensures that the roundness error of the workpiece 2 and the tool electrode 3 after clamping is within the allowable error range of 0.005 mm.
And 2, setting a measuring reference point. After step 1 is completed, performing a first (i ═ 1) measurement, the machine tool measuring head 1 slowly approaches to the outer contour of the workpiece 2, and when the machine tool measuring head 1 just contacts with the workpiece 2, the measuring head center point O of the machine tool measuring head 1 at this time1Is located at the position (x)10), which is set as the measurement zero point, x1Then the machine tool probe 1 is moved away from the workpiece 2, which is equal to 0.
The initial feed speed v of the tool electrode 3 is obtained by simulation.
Maximum amount x of work to be removedmaxThe following relationship is satisfied:
xmax＝Ra-Rd。
in the formula RaIs the initial radius of the workpiece, RdAnd processing the size radius of the workpiece.
Step 4, after a period of time for processing, namely 3 circles of rotation of the workpiece, measuring the same position point, and then carrying out a second measurement (namely i is 2), and measuring the position pointThe total amount of the work 2 to be etched. The machine tool measuring head 1 is close to the workpiece 2, and when the machine tool measuring head 1 is just contacted with the workpiece 2, the measuring head central point O of the machine tool measuring head 1 at the moment2Coordinate (x) of20), feeding back the data to the control system, wherein the processing time is t2。
And 5, judging whether the machining is stopped at the moment.
At this time x2＜xmaxAnd if the machining size is not reached, performing the next operation in the system.
And 6, according to the measured data x for the second time (when i is 2)2And the first measured data x (i.e. when i is 1)1Within the control system, and time t1、t2Calculating the workpiece erosion speed v at that time2The calculation formula is as follows:
the tool electrode feed speed v at this time is adjusted so as to satisfy the following equation:
v＝v2。
i.e. setting the tool electrode feed speed v equal to the workpiece erosion speed v within the control system2And continuing feeding.
And 7, after machining for 3 circles again, measuring the point at the same position for the ith time, and measuring the total corrosion removal amount of the workpiece at the moment. When the ith measurement is carried out, the machine tool measuring head 1 is close to the workpiece 2, and when the machine tool measuring head 1 is just contacted with the workpiece 2, the measuring head central point O of the machine tool measuring head 1 at the momentiHas the coordinates of (x)i0), feeding back the measured data to the control system, where the machining time is ti。
xiFor the ith measurement, the measuring head center point OiRelative to the zero point of measurement O1The distance of (c).
Time tiThe i-th measurement is relative to the total processing time used to start processing.
Step 8, repeating the step 5, and judging whether to stop processing, namely when the processing is stoppedxi≥xmaxWhen the machining size is reached, stopping machining; when x isi＜xmaxWhen the machining size is not reached, the next operation is carried out; x is the number ofi≥xmax。
Step 9, repeating step 6, and according to the data x measured for the ith timeiAnd the data x measured at the previous time (i.e., the i-1 st time)i-1At time interval t, it can be knowni-ti-1The internal corrosion amount is xi-xi-1Within the control system, the workpiece erosion speed v at that time is calculatediThe calculation formula is as follows:
the workpiece etching speed starts from i-2. For uniform use, define v1Equal to the tool electrode feed speed v at the initial moment, i.e. v1＝v。
Step 10, obtaining data x when measuring by a machine tool measuring headiSatisfy xi≥xmaxWhen the machining is stopped, the machining is stopped.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a constant-gap spin-printing electrochemical machining system based on online monitoring of machining depth, as shown in fig. 4, the constant-gap spin-printing electrochemical machining system based on online monitoring of machining depth provided by the present invention includes: the machining device comprises a clamping module 401, an initial boundary position obtaining module 402, a machining parameter obtaining module 403, an electrolyte introducing module 404, a machining module 405, a machined boundary position obtaining module 406, a to-be-machined workpiece erosion amount determining module 407, a judging module 408, a first determining module 409, an erosion speed determining module 410 and a second determining module 411.
The clamping module 401 is used for clamping a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode on a machine tool at an initial machining gap; the circle center of the workpiece to be machined, the circle center of the tool electrode and the center of a machine tool measuring head of the machine tool are all positioned on the same straight line; the tool electrode is used for feeding to the workpiece to be processed along the straight line.
An initial boundary position obtaining module 402 is configured to obtain an initial boundary position of the workpiece to be processed by using the machine tool measuring head; the initial boundary position is the position of the central point of the machine tool measuring head when the machine tool measuring head is in contact with the workpiece to be machined before machining.
The processing parameter obtaining module 403 is configured to obtain a processing parameter; the machining parameters comprise machining voltage, the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, the rotating speed of the tool electrode, the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode and the set erosion removal amount of the workpiece to be machined.
The electrolyte introducing module 404 is configured to synchronously rotate the tool electrode and the workpiece to be processed according to the rotation speed of the tool electrode and the rotation speed of the workpiece to be processed, and introduce electrolyte.
The processing module 405 is configured to process the workpiece to be processed according to the processing parameters.
The processed boundary position obtaining module 406 is configured to obtain a processed boundary position of the workpiece to be processed by using the machine tool measuring head after a time interval is set for the processing. The position of the machine tool measuring head at the current moment is the same as the position of the machine tool measuring head at the initial moment;
the erosion amount determining module 407 of the workpiece to be processed is configured to determine the erosion amount of the workpiece to be processed according to the processed boundary position and the initial boundary position.
The determining module 408 is used for determining whether the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount.
The first determining module 409 is configured to stop the machining when the to-be-machined workpiece reaches the machining size if the erosion amount is greater than or equal to the set erosion amount.
The erosion speed determination module 410 is configured to determine an erosion speed of the workpiece to be processed if the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount.
The second determining module 411 is configured to update the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode to the erosion speed of the workpiece to be machined, and return to the step of acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool probe after the preset time interval to be machined is reached, and stop machining until the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size.
The value range of the initial machining gap is 0.2mm-0.5 mm.
The processing parameter acquisition module specifically comprises:
setting an etching amount determination unit for using the formula xmax＝Ra-RdDetermining the set erosion amount; wherein R isaIs the initial radius, R, of the workpiece to be machineddThe radius of the workpiece to be machined after reaching the machining size.
The erosion speed determination module specifically includes: a parameter acquisition unit and an erosion speed determination unit.
The parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the boundary position after the ith processing, the boundary position after the (i-1) th processing and the time interval between the ith processing and the (i-1) th processing.
An erosion rate determining unit for using the formula
Determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed; wherein, tiTotal time of i passes, ti-1Total time of i-1 passes, xi-1Is the boundary position after the i-1 st machining, xiThe position of the boundary after the ith machining.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A constant-gap rotary printing electrolytic machining method based on-line monitoring of machining depth is characterized by comprising the following steps:
clamping a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode on a machine tool at an initial machining gap; the circle center of the workpiece to be machined, the circle center of the tool electrode and the center of a machine tool measuring head of the machine tool are all located on the same straight line; the tool electrode is used for feeding the workpiece to be machined along the straight line;
acquiring an initial boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head; the initial boundary position is the position of the central point of the machine tool measuring head when the machine tool measuring head is in contact with the workpiece to be machined before machining;
acquiring processing parameters; the machining parameters comprise machining voltage, the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, the rotating speed of the tool electrode, the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode and the set erosion removal amount of the workpiece to be machined;
synchronously rotating the tool electrode and the workpiece to be machined according to the rotating speed of the tool electrode and the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, and introducing electrolyte;
processing the workpiece to be processed according to the processing parameters;
after a time interval is set in the machining process, acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head;
determining the erosion amount of the workpiece to be machined according to the machined boundary position and the initial boundary position;
judging whether the etching amount is smaller than the set etching amount;
if the etching amount is larger than or equal to the set etching amount, the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size, and machining is stopped;
if the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount, determining the erosion speed of the workpiece to be processed;
and updating the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode to the etching speed of the workpiece to be machined, returning to the set time interval to be machined, and acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by using the machine tool measuring head until the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size, and stopping machining.
2. The constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method based on the on-line monitoring of the machining depth as claimed in claim 1, wherein the value range of the initial machining gap is 0.2mm to 0.5 mm.
3. The constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method based on-line monitoring of machining depth according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of machining parameters specifically comprises:
using the formula xmax＝Ra-RdDetermining the set erosion amount; wherein R isaIs the initial radius, R, of the workpiece to be machineddThe radius of the workpiece to be machined after reaching the machining size.
4. The constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining method based on online monitoring of machining depth according to claim 1, wherein if the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount, determining the erosion rate of the workpiece to be machined specifically comprises:
acquiring the boundary position after the ith processing, the boundary position after the (i-1) th processing and the time interval between the ith processing and the (i-1) th processing;
using formulas
Determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed; wherein, tiTotal time of i passes, ti-1Total time of i-1 passes, xi-1Is the boundary position after the i-1 st machining, xiThe position of the boundary after the ith machining.
5. The utility model provides a constant clearance rotary printing electrolytic machining system based on depth of cut on-line monitoring which characterized in that includes:
the clamping module is used for clamping a workpiece to be machined and a tool electrode on a machine tool in an initial machining gap; the circle center of the workpiece to be machined, the circle center of the tool electrode and the center of a machine tool measuring head of the machine tool are all positioned on the same straight line; the tool electrode is used for feeding the workpiece to be machined along the straight line;
the initial boundary position acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by utilizing the machine tool measuring head; the initial boundary position is the position of the central point of the machine tool measuring head when the machine tool measuring head is in contact with the workpiece to be machined before machining;
the processing parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring processing parameters; the machining parameters comprise machining voltage, the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, the rotating speed of the tool electrode, the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode and the set erosion removal amount of the workpiece to be machined;
the electrolyte introducing module is used for synchronously rotating the tool electrode and the workpiece to be machined according to the rotating speed of the tool electrode and the rotating speed of the workpiece to be machined, and introducing electrolyte;
the processing module is used for processing the workpiece to be processed according to the processing parameters;
the machined boundary position acquisition module is used for acquiring the machined boundary position of the workpiece to be machined by utilizing the machine tool measuring head after a time interval is set for machining; the position of the machine tool measuring head at the current moment is the same as the position of the machine tool measuring head at the initial moment;
the erosion amount determining module is used for determining the erosion amount of the workpiece to be processed according to the processed boundary position and the initial boundary position;
the judging module is used for judging whether the erosion removal amount is smaller than the set erosion removal amount;
the first determining module is used for stopping machining when the to-be-machined workpiece reaches the machining size if the erosion amount is larger than or equal to the set erosion amount;
an erosion speed determination module, configured to determine an erosion speed of the workpiece to be processed if the erosion amount is smaller than the set erosion amount;
and the second determining module is used for updating the initial feeding speed of the tool electrode to the erosion speed of the workpiece to be machined, returning to the machined boundary position acquiring module, and stopping machining until the workpiece to be machined reaches the machining size.
6. The constant-gap spin-printing electrolytic machining system based on the online monitoring of the machining depth as claimed in claim 5, wherein the value range of the initial machining gap is 0.2mm to 0.5 mm.
7. The constant-gap spin-printing electrochemical machining system based on online monitoring of machining depth according to claim 5, wherein the machining parameter obtaining module specifically comprises:
setting an etching amount determination unit for using the formula xmax＝Ra-RdDetermining the set erosion amount; wherein R isaIs the initial radius, R, of the workpiece to be machineddThe radius of the workpiece to be machined after reaching the machining size.
8. The constant-gap rotary printing electrolytic machining system based on the on-line monitoring of the machining depth as claimed in claim 5, wherein the erosion speed determining module specifically comprises:
the parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the boundary position after the ith processing, the boundary position after the (i-1) th processing and the time interval between the ith processing and the (i-1) th processing;
an erosion rate determination unit for using the formula
Determining the etching speed of the workpiece to be processed;
wherein, tiTotal time of i passes, ti-1Total time of i-1 passes, xi-1After the i-1 th processingPosition of the boundary, xiThe position of the boundary after the ith machining.
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