CN112570798B

CN112570798B - Broaching machine for chamfering

Info

Publication number: CN112570798B
Application number: CN202011361354.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱华良
Original assignee: Zhejiang Suote Transmission Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Suote Transmission Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-28
Filing date: 2020-11-28
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-28
Also published as: CN112570798A

Abstract

The utility model relates to a broaching machine for chamfer relates to the lathe field, which comprises a frame, be equipped with the workstation that is used for placing the work piece in the frame, the one end of workstation is equipped with the pushing mechanism who promotes the work piece and remove, the other end of workstation is equipped with the frame, the frame is equipped with the machined hole that supplies the work piece to pass, be equipped with a plurality of cutters on the frame, the cutter is used for carrying out the chamfer to the edge of work piece along the circumference distribution in machined hole, the cutter is equipped with many sets along the length direction of workstation, along the direction that deviates from pushing mechanism, the cutter reduces gradually with the distance of work piece. The pushing mechanism comprises an oil cylinder and a pushing block driven by the oil cylinder to slide, and the pushing block is used for abutting against the end part of the workpiece. By the broaching machine for chamfering, the workpiece can finish the processing of the chamfering after sliding along a single direction, so that the production efficiency is improved; the surface abrasion of the workbench can be reduced, and the positioning effect on the two sides of the workpiece is good; the position of the cutter is adjustable, so that the cutter can be conveniently adapted to the size of a workpiece and the chamfer width.

Description

Broaching machine for chamfering

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a broaching machine for chamfering.

Background

The steel bar with rectangular section has wide application in production and life, and can be used as raw material for track, slide rail and support. To prevent the edge of the steel material from cutting the hand, the edge of the steel material generally needs to be chamfered.

At present, for the chamfer of the edge of the long-strip-shaped steel, the chamfer is processed mostly by adopting a milling cutter milling or manual polishing mode, when the chamfer is milled by using the milling cutter, the metal thickness milled by the milling cutter every time is limited, and the chamfer with the required width can be formed by milling for multiple times.

In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventors consider that the above-mentioned manner of processing the chamfer is inefficient, and there is still room for improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the efficiency of processing chamfer, this application provides a broaching machine for chamfer.

The application provides a broaching machine is used in chamfer adopts following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a broaching machine for chamfer, includes the frame, be equipped with the workstation that is used for placing the work piece in the frame, the one end of workstation is equipped with the pushing mechanism who promotes the work piece and remove, the other end of workstation is equipped with the frame, the frame is equipped with the processing hole that supplies the work piece to pass, be equipped with a plurality of cutters on the frame, the cutter is used for carrying out the chamfer to the edge of work piece along the circumference distribution in processing hole, the cutter is equipped with many sets along the length direction of workstation, along the direction that deviates from pushing mechanism, the cutter reduces gradually with the distance of work piece.

By adopting the technical scheme, a worker places a workpiece on the workbench, the pushing mechanism acts to push the end part of the workpiece into the processing hole, the edge of the workpiece passes through the front cutter, and the cutter cuts a chamfer with narrower width at the edge of the workpiece. And along with the continuous movement of the workpiece, the cutter at the rear part also sweeps the edge of the workpiece, the chamfer width is increased by cutting on the basis of the previous chamfer, and the chamfer with the required width is finished after the workpiece penetrates out of the machine base. Through this broaching machine for chamfer, the processing of chamfer can be accomplished after the work piece slides along single direction, has promoted production efficiency.

Optionally, the pushing mechanism includes an oil cylinder and a pushing block driven by the oil cylinder to slide, the pushing block is used for abutting against the end of the workpiece, and the sliding direction of the pushing block is along the length direction of the workbench.

By adopting the technical scheme, the oil cylinder is controlled to extend, the oil cylinder drives the push block to move, and the push block pushes the workpiece to slide towards the direction of the base. The oil cylinder can output larger thrust and is suitable as a driving source for pushing the workpiece to move.

Optionally, both sides of workstation are equipped with the cylinder, by the gliding slide of cylinder drive, the slip direction of slide is towards the workstation, it is provided with the gyro wheel to rotate on the slide, the slide can make the gyro wheel press from both sides tight work piece through sliding, the gyro wheel passes through wheel face and work piece rolling contact.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, place the work piece on the workstation after, the cylinder orders about the slide and removes, makes gyro wheel and work piece rolling contact, and the gyro wheel exerts force in the work piece simultaneously in work piece both sides, plays better location effect to the work piece, is difficult for producing wearing and tearing to the work piece surface simultaneously.

Optionally, the cutter is fixed with a cutter holder, the cutter holder is slidably arranged on the base, the sliding direction of the cutter holder faces the processing hole, the base is in threaded connection with an adjusting screw rod, the length direction of the adjusting screw rod is parallel to the sliding direction of the cutter holder, and the end of the adjusting screw rod is rotatably connected with the cutter holder.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, behind the dimensional change of work piece, or required chamfer width change, personnel can rotate adjusting screw and adjust the interval of cutter and processing hole, make it correspond with the demand.

Optionally, the workstation top surface is equipped with the oilhole, the other end of oilhole runs through the workstation, the tip intercommunication that the oilhole deviates from the workstation top surface has the oil storage tank, there is lubricating oil in the oil storage tank, the top surface that highly is less than the workstation of oil storage tank, the oil storage tank is equipped with pressure device.

By adopting the technical scheme, the pressurizing device pressurizes the oil storage tank, so that the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank overflows the top surface of the workbench a small amount through the oil holes, when the workpiece slides on the workbench, the lubricating oil forms an oil film between the workpiece and the workbench, a lubricating effect is achieved for the sliding of the workpiece on the workbench, and the abrasion of the workbench is reduced.

Optionally, the pressurizing device comprises a pressure regulating valve, one end of the pressure regulating valve is communicated with the oil storage tank, and the other end of the pressure regulating valve is communicated with a compressed air source.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through compressed air source and air-vent valve, can adjust the pressure in the oil storage tank, and lubricating oil consumption back, the pressure in the oil storage tank also can keep invariable.

Optionally, a filter screen is arranged at a top orifice of the oil hole, and the pore size of the filter screen is smaller than 0.5 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the pore of the filter screen is smaller than 0.5mm, the filter screen generates resistance to the flow of oil at the top orifice of the oil hole, and the resistance is balanced with the pressure of the pressurizing device, so that the lubricating oil can be just extruded to the top surface of the workbench in a small amount.

Optionally, the roller is a bearing, the sliding seat is fixed with a center shaft, the axis of the center shaft is along the vertical direction, the center shaft penetrates through and is fixed in an inner ring of the bearing, the bottom end of the center shaft does not protrude out of the lower end face of the bearing, the height of the lower end face of the bearing is 0-2mm higher than the top face of the workbench, and the sliding seat can enable the bearing to move to the position above the workbench through sliding.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the bearing passes through the rear end of work piece, the bearing removes to the workstation top under the effect of cylinder thrust, and the top surface of workstation is hugged closely through terminal surface down to the bearing, because the inertia of bearing rotates this moment, the bearing can be with the oil of workstation top surface take into between inner race, the outer lane to realize refueling lubrication to the bearing, after this equipment was used for a long time, the bearing also need not to add lubricating oil alone, and the bearing is also difficult to damage.

Optionally, a balance block is rotatably arranged below the workbench and located between the two opposite sliding seats, a first balance rod and a second balance rod are hinged to the balance block, the end portions of the first balance rod and the second balance rod, which depart from the balance block, are hinged to the two opposite sliding seats respectively, and the first balance rod and the second balance rod are symmetrical with respect to the center of the rotation axis of the balance block.

By adopting the technical scheme, due to the linkage effect of the balance block, the balance rod I and the balance rod II, the two sliding seats can be ensured to synchronously move and have the same moving amplitude. When the workpiece is clamped, the central line of the workpiece is always positioned right above the central line of the workbench, and the position centering can still be ensured after the size of the workpiece is changed.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. by the broaching machine for chamfering, the workpiece can finish the processing of the chamfering after sliding along a single direction, so that the production efficiency is improved;

2. the surface abrasion of the workbench can be reduced, and the positioning effect on the two sides of the workpiece is good;

3. the position of the cutter is adjustable, so that the cutter can be conveniently adapted to the size of a workpiece and the chamfering width.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a chamfering bench according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial view at the work station of the embodiment.

Fig. 4 is an internal view of the housing of the embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of fig. 4 at B.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a frame; 2. a work table; 3. a pushing mechanism; 31. an oil cylinder; 32. a push block; 11. a guide post; 21. an oil hole; 4. an oil storage tank; 41. an oil pipe; 42. a pressure regulating valve; 43. an oil filler; 22. filtering with a screen; 51. a cylinder; 5. a slide base; 52. a connecting rod; 53. a central shaft; 54. a bearing; 23. a rotating shaft; 6. a counterbalance; 61. a first balancing rod; 62. a second balancing rod; 12. a machine base; 121. machining a hole; 122. a cutter; 123. a tool apron; 124. adjusting the screw rod.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.

The embodiment of the application discloses broaching machine for chamfering. Referring to fig. 1, the chamfering bench includes a frame 1, a table 2 for placing a workpiece is provided on the frame 1, the workpiece is a bar-shaped steel material having a rectangular cross section, the table 2 is a strip-shaped metal table, and the steel material as the workpiece is placed on the table 2 along a length direction of the metal table. One end of the workbench 2 is provided with a pushing mechanism 3 for pushing the workpiece to move, the other end of the workbench 2 is provided with a base 12, the base 12 is provided with a processing hole 121 for the workpiece to pass through, and the base 12 is used for chamfering the workpiece.

The pushing mechanism 3 comprises an oil cylinder 31 and a pushing block 32 driven by the oil cylinder 31 to slide, the sliding direction of the pushing block 32 is parallel to the length direction of the workbench 2, the bottom surface of the pushing block 32 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the workbench 2, and the pushing block 32 is used for pushing a workpiece on the workbench 2 to move. Sliding connection is established between the push block 32 and the frame 1 through the arrangement of the guide posts 11, one guide post 11 is respectively arranged on two sides of the workbench 2, and the push block 32 is provided with a hole for the guide post 11 to pass through in a sliding manner.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the top surface of the table 2 is provided with a plurality of oil holes 21, the oil holes 21 being spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the table 2, and the other ends of the oil holes 21 penetrate the table 2 from the side wall of the table 2. The end part of the oil hole 21 departing from the top surface of the workbench 2 is communicated with the oil storage tank 4 through an oil pipe 41, lubricating oil is stored in the oil storage tank 4, the height of the oil storage tank 4 is lower than the top surface of the workbench 2, and the position of the oil hole 21 communicated with the oil storage tank 4 is located at the inner bottom of the oil storage tank 4. The oil storage tank 4 is provided with a pressurizing device, the pressurizing device comprises a pressure regulating valve 42, one end of the pressure regulating valve 42 is communicated with the inside of the oil storage tank 4 through a pipeline and is specifically communicated with the inner top of the oil storage tank 4, and the other end of the pressure regulating valve 42 is communicated with a compressed air source with constant pressure. The top of the oil storage tank 4 is provided with an oil filling port 43, and the oil filling port 43 is provided with a detachable cover.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a filter screen 22 is arranged at the top orifice of the oil hole 21, the aperture of the filter screen 22 is smaller than 0.5mm, the filter screen 22 can be made of cloth, and the top surface of the filter screen 22 is tightly attached to the top surface of the workbench 2. The filter screen 22 creates resistance to the flow of oil at the top orifice of the oil hole 21, and personnel adjust the air pressure communicated from the compressed air source to the oil storage tank 4 through the pressure regulating valve 42, so that the lubricating oil can flow out of the top orifice of the oil hole 21 just a little and infiltrate the filter screen 22. Under the sliding contact action of the workpiece, the lubricating oil forms an oil film between the workpiece and the workbench 2, so that the lubricating effect is achieved for the sliding of the workpiece on the workbench 2, and the abrasion of the workbench 2 is reduced.

The two sides of the workbench 2 are provided with air cylinders 51 and sliding seats 5 driven by the air cylinders 51 to slide, the air cylinders 51 and the sliding seats 5 are arranged in pairs on the two sides of the workbench 2, the sliding seats 5 are positioned between the air cylinders 51 and the workbench 2, the sliding direction of the sliding seats 5 faces the workbench 2, and the sliding direction of each pair of sliding seats 5 is positioned on the same straight line. The top of slide 5 is fixed with connecting rod 52, connecting rod 52 is located workstation 2 top and extends to workstation 2 direction, the end fixing that connecting rod 52 deviates from slide 5 has center pin 53, the axis of center pin 53 is along vertical direction, center pin 53 overcoat is equipped with the gyro wheel, the gyro wheel specifically is bearing 54, center pin 53 penetrates the inner circle of bearing 54 and is fixed with bearing 54 inner circle, the outer lane of bearing 54 can rotate, the outer lane of bearing 54 acts as the wheel face of gyro wheel, bearing 54 is used for with work piece lateral wall rolling contact. The bottom end of the central shaft 53 does not protrude out of the lower end surface of the bearing 54, the height of the lower end surface of the bearing 54 is 0-2mm higher than the top surface of the workbench 2, no sealing cover is arranged on the lower end surface of the bearing 54, and the sliding seat 5 can enable the bearing 54 to move above the workbench 2 through sliding.

A rotating shaft 23 is fixed below the workbench 2, the length direction of the rotating shaft 23 is along the vertical direction, and the rotating shaft 23 is located in the middle of the workbench 2 in the width direction and located between the two opposite sliding seats 5. The rotating shaft 23 is sleeved with a balance weight 6, and the balance weight 6 is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 23. The balance weight 6 is hinged with a first balance rod 61 and a second balance rod 62, the end parts, departing from the balance weight 6, of the first balance rod 61 and the second balance rod 62 are hinged to the two opposite sliding seats 5 respectively, the first balance rod 61 and the second balance rod 62 are identical in length and parallel to each other, and the first balance rod 61 and the second balance rod 62 are symmetrical with respect to the center of the rotation axis of the balance weight 6.

When the sliding seats 5 move, the balance weight 6, the balance rod I61 and the balance rod II 62 are combined to form a connecting rod structure, so that the two sliding seats 5 can move synchronously, the moving amplitudes are the same, the two side walls of the workpiece can be clamped or loosened synchronously, and meanwhile, the two sliding seats 5 on the two sides of the workbench 2 can be ensured to move completely symmetrically relative to the workbench 2, namely, the two sliding seats 5 can move completely symmetrically relative to the two sides of the workpiece.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the base 12 is provided with a plurality of cutters 122, and four cutters 122 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the machining hole 121 to form a set, and are used for chamfering four edges of the workpiece. The cutter 122 is provided with a plurality of sets along the length direction of the workbench 2, the cutting edges of the cutter 122 face the central axis of the processing hole 121, and the distance between the cutter 122 and the central line of the processing hole 121 is gradually reduced along the direction departing from the workbench 2. Each cutter 122 is fixed with a cutter seat 123, the cutter seat 123 is slidably disposed on the base 12, and the sliding direction of the cutter seat 123 faces the machining hole 121. The base 12 is connected with adjusting screws 124 in a threaded manner, the number and the positions of the adjusting screws 124 correspond to the tool holders 123 one by one, the adjusting screws 124 are located on one side of the tool holders 123 away from the tool 122, the end portions of the adjusting screws 124 are rotatably connected with the tool holders 123, the tool holders 123 are embedded into the end portions of the adjusting screws 124 through necking grooves, and the adjusting screws 124 cannot be separated from the tool holders 123 in the axial direction. The length direction of the adjusting screw 124 is parallel to the sliding direction of the tool post 123, and one end of the adjusting screw 124 is located outside the machine base 12 to form a screw head, so that a person can conveniently rotate the adjusting screw 124.

The implementation principle of a broaching machine for chamfering provided by the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the air cylinder 51 and the oil cylinder 31 are in a shortened state, a worker places a workpiece on the workbench 2, then controls the air cylinder 51 to extend, and the air cylinder 51 drives the sliding seat 5 to move, so that the bearings 54 clamp two sides of the workpiece to limit the two sides of the workpiece. Due to the linkage effect of the balance weight 6, the balance rod I61 and the balance rod II 62, the center line of the workpiece is always positioned right above the center line of the workbench 2 when the workpiece is clamped, and the position centering can still be ensured after the size of the workpiece is changed.

Then the oil cylinder 31 is controlled to extend, the oil cylinder 31 drives the push block 32 to move, the push block 32 pushes the workpiece to slide towards the base 12, and in the process, the bearing 54 is in rolling contact with the workpiece, so that the workpiece is not easily abraded while a good positioning effect is achieved on the workpiece. After the end of the workpiece enters the machining hole 121, the edge of the workpiece is stroked over the forward tool 122, and the tool 122 cuts a narrow width chamfer at the edge of the workpiece. As the workpiece continues to move, the rear cutter 122 also sweeps across the edge of the workpiece, cutting an increased chamfer width based on the previous chamfer, and completing the chamfer of the desired width as the workpiece passes out of the housing 12. Cutting fluid can be sprayed at the position of the cutter 122 to cool the cutter 122 and enhance cutting performance, and a workpiece can complete the processing of a chamfer after sliding along a single direction, so that the production efficiency is improved.

After the bearing 54 passes through the rear end of the workpiece, the bearing 54 moves towards the upper part of the workbench 2 under the action of the thrust of the cylinder 51, the bearing 54 is tightly attached to the top surface of the workbench 2 through the lower end surface, at the moment, because of the inertial rotation of the bearing 54, the bearing 54 can bring the oil on the top surface of the workbench 2 into the space between the inner ring and the outer ring, so that the bearing 54 is lubricated by oiling, and after the device is used for a long time, the bearing 54 does not need to be lubricated by independently oiling, and the bearing 54 is not easy to damage.

After the size of the workpiece is changed or the required chamfer width is changed, the worker can rotate the adjusting screw 124 to adjust the distance between the tool 122 and the machining hole 121 to correspond to the requirement.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a broaching machine is used in chamfer which characterized in that: the workpiece chamfering machine comprises a rack (1), wherein a workbench (2) for placing a workpiece is arranged on the rack (1), a pushing mechanism (3) for pushing the workpiece to move is arranged at one end of the workbench (2), a base (12) is arranged at the other end of the workbench (2), a machining hole (121) for the workpiece to pass through is formed in the base (12), a plurality of cutters (122) are arranged on the base (12), the cutters (122) are circumferentially distributed along the machining hole (121) and used for chamfering the edge of the workpiece, a plurality of sets of cutters (122) are arranged along the length direction of the workbench (2), and the distance between the cutters (122) and the workpiece is gradually reduced along the direction deviating from the pushing mechanism (3);

the two sides of the workbench (2) are provided with cylinders (51) and sliding seats (5) driven by the cylinders (51) to slide, the sliding direction of the sliding seats (5) faces the workbench (2), rollers are rotatably arranged on the sliding seats (5), the sliding seats (5) can enable the rollers to clamp a workpiece through sliding, and the rollers are in rolling contact with the workpiece through wheel surfaces;

the top surface of the workbench (2) is provided with an oil hole (21), the other end of the oil hole (21) penetrates through the workbench (2), the end part, deviating from the top surface of the workbench (2), of the oil hole (21) is communicated with an oil storage tank (4), lubricating oil is stored in the oil storage tank (4), the height of the oil storage tank (4) is lower than that of the top surface of the workbench (2), and the oil storage tank (4) is provided with a pressurizing device;

a filter screen (22) is arranged at an orifice at the top of the oil hole (21), and the pore of the filter screen (22) is smaller than 0.5 mm;

the gyro wheel is bearing (54), slide (5) are fixed with center pin (53), the axis of center pin (53) is along vertical direction, center pin (53) wear to establish in being fixed in the inner circle of bearing (54), the bottom of center pin (53) does not bulge the lower terminal surface of bearing (54), the lower terminal surface height of bearing (54) is higher than the top surface 0-2mm of workstation (2), the lower terminal surface of bearing (54) does not establish the closing cap, slide (5) can make bearing (54) move to workstation (2) top through sliding.

2. The broaching machine for chamfering according to claim 1, wherein: the pushing mechanism (3) comprises an oil cylinder (31) and a pushing block (32) driven by the oil cylinder (31) to slide, the pushing block (32) is used for abutting against the end part of a workpiece, and the sliding direction of the pushing block (32) is along the length direction of the workbench (2).

3. The broaching machine for chamfering according to claim 1, wherein: cutter (122) are fixed with blade holder (123), blade holder (123) slide and set up on frame (12), the slip direction of blade holder (123) is towards processing hole (121), threaded connection has adjusting screw (124) on frame (12), the length direction of adjusting screw (124) is parallel with the slip direction of blade holder (123), the tip and the blade holder (123) of adjusting screw (124) are rotated and are connected.

4. The broaching machine for chamfering according to claim 1, wherein: the pressurizing device comprises a pressure regulating valve (42), one end of the pressure regulating valve (42) is communicated with the inside of the oil storage tank (4), and the other end of the pressure regulating valve (42) is communicated with a compressed air source.

5. The broaching machine for chamfering according to claim 1, wherein: the balance weight (6) is arranged below the workbench (2) in a rotating mode, the balance weight (6) is located between the two opposite sliding seats (5), a first balance rod (61) and a second balance rod (62) are hinged to the balance weight (6), the end portions, deviating from the balance weight (6), of the first balance rod (61) and the second balance rod (62) are hinged to the two opposite sliding seats (5) respectively, and the first balance rod (61) and the second balance rod (62) are symmetrical about the center of the rotating axis of the balance weight (6).