CN112564670B - Filtering method for power frequency noise interference of audio magnetotelluric data - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a filtering method for power frequency noise interference of audio magnetotelluric data, which comprises the following steps: and performing band-stop filtering on the audio magnetotelluric data with noise interference to obtain the data without power frequency noise interference. The filtering method for the noise interference of the audio magnetotelluric data can effectively filter the power frequency noise interference, acquire high-quality original data, improve the working efficiency, reduce the field workload and better serve geological exploration work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a data processing technology in the field of geophysical exploration, and particularly relates to a filtering method for power frequency noise interference of audio magnetotelluric data.
Background
In general, the audio magnetotelluric instrument collects electric field signals and magnetic field signals on measuring points at the same time in field operation, the frequency range of collection is approximately 1-10000 Hz, and the frequency ranges of collection of different instruments are slightly different. In the signal frequency band collected by the audio-frequency magnetotelluric instrument, the audio-frequency magnetotelluric instrument is very easy to be influenced by artificial interference, especially industrial electricity. However, with the progress of technology and the gradual expansion of the artificial activity range, even in mountain areas, strong artificial interference exists, and particularly, the interference on natural electromagnetic field signals is very serious in high-voltage transmission lines of 1 ten thousand volts, 3.5 ten thousand volts, 11 ten thousand volts and the like. These artifacts severely degrade the data quality in the 50Hz and its multiple frequency bands and even render the data collected in the vicinity of the high voltage line unusable. At present, the most advanced and mature electromagnetic instruments in the world are integrated with the power frequency notch technology in the soft and hard aspects, a layout device for reducing noise interference, such as a V8 multifunctional electric instrument, is adopted in the acquisition method, and electromagnetic separation and far reference methods are adopted in the data acquisition process, but the interference problem caused by the vicinity of a high-voltage line in the work is difficult to overcome in a strong interference area, so that the apparent resistivity and the phase value are distorted in the vicinity of 50Hz and the frequency point of the frequency range of the apparent resistivity and the phase value are distorted, and the final inversion result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a filtering method for the interference of the power frequency noise of the audio magnetotelluric data aiming at the problem that the audio magnetotelluric data is interfered by the power frequency noise.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a filtering method for power frequency noise interference of audio magnetotelluric data comprises the following steps: and performing band-stop filtering on the audio magnetotelluric data with power frequency noise interference to obtain data without power frequency noise interference.
Further, the filtering method specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Judging whether power frequency noise interference exists in a signal path power spectrum curve of an original time sequence file of the audio magnetotelluric data or not to obtain a first judging result;
(2) The first judgment result is that the signal path with power frequency noise interference is subjected to band elimination filtering to obtain filtered data;
(3) Storing the filtered data in a one-dimensional array;
(4) And carrying out format processing on the filtered data to obtain a format file.
Further, the step (1) specifically includes the following steps: reading data in an original time sequence file with a sampling rate of 150Hz, performing power spectrum analysis on each signal channel of the data to obtain a power spectrum curve of each signal channel, judging whether the signal channel has power frequency noise interference according to the power spectrum curve of each signal channel, and judging that the signal channel has power frequency noise interference if the power spectrum curve of the signal channel has a glitch or abnormal gain; if the power spectrum curve of the signal path is a curve which is approximately parallel to the transverse axis and is continuous and smooth, judging that the signal path is free of power frequency noise interference.
Further, the step (2) specifically includes the following steps: setting a Kesephson window parameter, and calling a Kesephson window function in matlab to construct a Kesephson window Winfen= (kaiser (N, beta)); and carrying out convolution operation on the signal path data to be filtered in the two-dimensional array storage area and WinFun to obtain filtered data, and completing the filtering of the signal path with power frequency noise interference.
Further, in the step (2), the FIR digital filter is used for band-stop filtering.
Further, the setting of the neisserial window parameter includes: the method comprises the steps of setting a stop band low-frequency edge omega (p) of a fixed-frequency band-stop filter, a stop band high-frequency edge omega(s) of the band-stop filter and an attenuation coefficient As to be 40 Hz-50 Hz,50 Hz-60 Hz and 0-100 respectively.
Further, the step (2) performs band elimination filtering on the signal path with power frequency noise interference if the first judgment result is yes, and further comprises the following steps: the data of each signal track of the original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 2400Hz is read and stored in the corresponding line number in the two-dimensional array storage area.
Further, the reading of the data of each signal track of the original time series file with the sampling rate of 2400Hz specifically includes the following steps: and skipping label (tag) information of the original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 2400Hz, directly reading the data of each signal channel of the original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 2400Hz, and storing the data of each signal channel in the corresponding line number in the two-dimensional array storage area.
Further, the allocation method of the two-dimensional array storage area is as follows: two-dimensional array storage area=zeros (sampling number, sampling rate×total acquisition time), wherein zeros refers to all initialization settings of the two-dimensional array storage area, sampling number refers to the number of rows of the two-dimensional array storage area, sampling rate×total acquisition time is the number of columns of the two-dimensional array storage area, that is, the total length of each row of data, and the sampling rate, sampling number and total acquisition time are obtained by reading tag information of an original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 2400 Hz.
Further, the tag information is the first 32 bytes of binary data of each signal track of the original time series file with a sampling rate of 2400 Hz.
Further, the data length of the one-dimensional array is the same as the number of columns of the two-dimensional array.
Further, the step (4) specifically includes the following steps: the filtered data is converted into a file which can be identified by the V8 data processing software SSMT2000 and is suffixed by TS 3.
Further, the step (4) specifically includes the following steps: and replacing the filtered signal path data in the two-dimensional array with one-dimensional array data, converting the replaced two-dimensional array data into binary data, and storing the file with the suffix TS3, wherein the file name is the same as that of the original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 150 Hz.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the filtering method for the power frequency noise interference of the audio magnetotelluric data can effectively remove the power frequency noise interference, acquire high-quality original data, improve the working efficiency, reduce the field workload and better serve geological exploration work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an original time series signal of a signal channel Ex of an original time series file TS4 with a sampling rate of 150Hz and interfered by 50Hz power frequency noise;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the original time series signal of the signal channel Ey of the original time series file TS4 with a sampling rate of 150Hz and interfered by 50Hz power frequency noise;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the power spectrum of the signal channel Ex of the original time series file TS4 with a sampling rate of 150Hz and interfered by 50Hz power frequency noise;
FIG. 4 is a graph of Ey power spectrum of the signal channel of the original time series file TS4 with a sampling rate of 150Hz and interfered by 50Hz power frequency noise;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the power spectrum of the signal channel of an original time series file TS3 with a sampling rate of 2400Hz and interfered by 50Hz power frequency noise;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the power spectrum of the denoised signal channel of the original time series file TS3 with the sampling rate of 2400Hz and interfered by the power frequency noise of 50 Hz;
FIG. 7 is a chart of apparent resistivity of an original time series file TS3 with a sampling rate of 2400Hz, disturbed by 50Hz power frequency noise;
FIG. 8 is a phase plot of an original time series file TS3 with a sampling rate of 2400Hz, which is disturbed by 50Hz power frequency noise;
FIG. 9 is a plot of apparent resistivity after denoising of an original time series file TS3 with a sampling rate of 2400Hz, which is interfered by 50Hz power frequency noise;
fig. 10 is a phase diagram of a denoised original time series file TS3 with a sampling rate of 2400Hz, which is disturbed by 50Hz power frequency noise.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The V8 multifunctional electric instrument collection host comprises two signal channels (Ex and Ey) and three signal tracks (Hx, hy and Hz), and the V8 multifunctional electric instrument collection box only comprises two signal channels (Ex and Ey) signals.
Aiming at the problem that an audio magnetotelluric original time sequence signal acquired by a V8 multifunctional electric method instrument is interfered by 50Hz power frequency noise, the embodiment provides a filtering method for the interference of the audio magnetotelluric data power frequency noise, the filtering method adopts band-stop filtering to filter the power frequency noise of a signal channel (Ex or Ey) or a track (Hx or Hy), and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, judging whether noise interference exists in a signal path power spectrum curve of an original time sequence file of audio magnetotelluric data to obtain a first judgment result, and specifically comprising the following steps:
the TSviewer software opens a 4245102A.TS4 file with the sampling rate of 150Hz of the V8 acquisition host, reads data in the 4245102A.TS4 file, performs power spectrum analysis on each signal channel of the data to obtain a power spectrum curve of each signal channel, judges whether the signal channel has power frequency noise interference according to the power spectrum curve of each signal channel,
referring to fig. 3-4, the power spectrum curves of the signal channels Ex and Ey show obvious noise interference of burrs between 45Hz and 55Hz, the gain at 50Hz is 1db and is obviously more than-3 db, and then the signal channels Ex and Ey are judged to have power frequency noise interference and need to be subjected to filtering treatment.
Reading tag information of 4245102A.TS3 files in matlab software, wherein the tag information comprises sampling rate 2400Hz, sampling channel number 4 and total acquisition time 1285 seconds; the two-dimensional array storage area is distributed according to the sampling rate, the sampling channel number and the total acquisition time, and the distribution method is as follows: two-dimensional array memory area=zeros (sampling number, sampling rate×total acquisition time), wherein zeros refers to all initialization settings of the two-dimensional array memory area, sampling number refers to the number of rows of the two-dimensional array memory area, sampling rate×total acquisition time is the number of columns of the two-dimensional array memory area, that is, the total length of each row of data, and the number of rows of the two-dimensional array memory area is 4, which are respectively signal channel Ex, signal channel Ey, signal channel Hx and signal channel Hy, and the number of columns is 1285×2400.
Step three, in matlab software, the tag information of 4245102A.TS3 file is skipped, the data of each signal channel is directly read, the data of each signal channel is stored in the corresponding row number in the two-dimensional array storage area in step two, the Ex signal channel data is stored in the first row, the Ey signal channel data is stored in the second row, the Hx signal channel data is stored in the third row, and the Hy signal channel data is stored in the fourth row.
Setting a Kesephson window parameter, and calling a Kesephson window function in matlab to construct Kesephson windows Winfen, winfun= (kaiser (N, beta))'; and carrying out convolution operation on the first row data (signal channel Ex) of the two-dimensional array and WinFun to finish filtering of the Ex.
The formula of the Kesepth window function is as follows:
I 0 is a modified zero-order Bessel function, beta is a parameter dependent on the filter length N, and is given frequency band rejectThe values of β and N are expressed As follows, if the low-frequency edge ω (p) of the stop band of the wave filter, the high-frequency edge ω(s) of the stop band of the band-stop filter, and the attenuation coefficient As:
Δω＝ω(p)-ω(s) (4)
omega (p) is set between 45Hz and omega(s) is set between 55 Hz; as was set at 80. Beta and the filter length N are calculated using equation (2) and equation (3), respectively, and when N is calculated as an even number, it is converted to an odd number by adding 1.
And step six, storing the filtered signal channel Ex data in a one-dimensional array with the length of 1285 multiplied by 2400.
Referring to fig. 5-6, the filtered power spectrum curve has a glitch vanishing between 45Hz and 55Hz, and the gain is significantly reduced to-4.8 db at 50 Hz.
The signal trace Ey is filtered using the same parameter settings as the signal trace Ex and the filtered data is stored in another one-dimensional array of length 1285 x 2400.
And seventhly, respectively replacing Ex and Ey channel data in the two-dimensional data storage area with data in a one-dimensional array after filtering, converting the replaced two-dimensional array data into a file which can be identified by SSMT2000 software and takes TS3 as a suffix and has a file name of 4245102A.
The filtered data is processed by SSMT2000 software, and the processing results before and after filtering are shown in figures 7-10. In fig. 7-8, apparent jumps in apparent resistivity and phase at 50Hz before filtering are shown to be due to noise interference. In fig. 9-10, the apparent resistivity and phase jump at 50Hz vanish after filtering, and the curve becomes relatively continuous, indicating that the noise is removed after filtering.
The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The filtering method of the power frequency noise interference of the audio magnetotelluric data is characterized by carrying out band elimination filtering on the audio magnetotelluric data with noise interference to obtain the data without the power frequency noise interference, and the filtering method comprises the following steps:
(1) Judging whether noise interference exists in a signal path power spectrum curve of an original time sequence file of the audio magnetotelluric data or not to obtain a first judging result; the method specifically comprises the following steps: reading data in an original time sequence file with a sampling rate of 150Hz, performing power spectrum analysis on each signal channel of the data to obtain a power spectrum curve of each signal channel, judging whether the signal channel has power frequency noise interference according to the power spectrum curve of each signal channel, and judging that the signal channel has power frequency noise interference if the power spectrum curve of the signal channel has a glitch or abnormal gain; if the power spectrum curve of the signal path is a curve which is approximately parallel to the transverse axis and is continuous and smooth, judging that the signal path is free from power frequency noise interference;
(2) The first judgment result is that before carrying out band elimination filtering on signal channels with power frequency noise interference, the data of each signal channel of an original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 2400Hz is read and stored in the corresponding line number in a two-dimensional array storage area, and the allocation method of the two-dimensional array storage area is as follows: two-dimensional array storage area=zeros (sampling channel number, sampling rate×total acquisition time), wherein zeros refers to all initialization settings of 0 of the two-dimensional array storage area, the sampling channel number refers to the number of rows of the two-dimensional array storage area, the sampling rate×total acquisition time is the number of columns of the two-dimensional array storage area, namely the total length of each row of data, and the sampling rate, the sampling channel number and the total acquisition time are obtained by reading tag information of an original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 2400 Hz;
the method comprises the steps of performing band-stop filtering on a signal path with power frequency noise interference by using an FIR digital filter as band-stop filtering to obtain filtered data, and specifically comprises the following steps: setting a Kesephson window parameter, and calling a Kesephson window function in matlab to construct Kesephson windows Winfen, winfen= (kaiser (N, beta))', wherein beta is a parameter dependent on the filter length N, and a Kesephson window function formula is formed0≤n≤N-1，I 0 Is a modified zero-order bezier function, Δω=ω (p) - ω(s), the keth window parameters including a fixed frequency band stop filter stop band low frequency edge ω (p), a band stop filter stop band high frequency edge ω(s), and attenuation coefficients As, ω (p), ω(s), and As are set to 40Hz to 50Hz,50Hz to 60Hz, and 0 to 100, respectively;
convolving the signal path data to be filtered in the two-dimensional array storage area with WinFun to obtain filtered data, and completing the filtering of the signal path with power frequency noise interference;
(3) Storing the filtered data in a one-dimensional array;
(4) Carrying out format processing on the filtered data to obtain a format file, and specifically comprising the following steps: and replacing the filtered signal channel data in the two-dimensional array with one-dimensional array data, and then converting the two-dimensional array data after replacing the filtered signal channel data in the two-dimensional array with the one-dimensional array data into binary data, wherein the file storage suffix is TS3, and the file name is the same as the original time sequence file with the sampling rate of 150 Hz.
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