CN112564528A - Self-balancing modular multilevel converter - Google Patents
Self-balancing modular multilevel converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112564528A CN112564528A CN202011429201.5A CN202011429201A CN112564528A CN 112564528 A CN112564528 A CN 112564528A CN 202011429201 A CN202011429201 A CN 202011429201A CN 112564528 A CN112564528 A CN 112564528A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-balancing modular multilevel converter, which comprises at least one phase unit, wherein the phase unit comprises a first self-balancing module and a second self-balancing module; one end of the first self-balancing module is used as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module is used as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module and the other end of the second self-balancing module are both used for being connected with an alternating current end. The invention provides a self-balancing modular multilevel converter, which adopts a modular design, can realize the self-balancing of capacitance voltage without an additional capacitance voltage detection system and a complex control algorithm, simultaneously improves the reliability and the safety of the system, and solves the problem that the existing half-bridge modular multilevel converter does not have the capacity of automatically balancing the capacitance voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a self-balancing modular multilevel converter.
Background
The flexible direct-current transmission technology based on the modular multilevel converter obtains extensive research and application in the industry and academia, and has high flexibility in the aspects of active regulation and reactive regulation. In addition, the modular characteristic and the redundancy characteristic of the self structure of the modular multilevel converter also enable the system to have higher operation reliability.
Most of the existing flexible direct current transmission systems are based on half-bridge type modular multilevel converters, and the half-bridge type modular multilevel converters do not have capacity of automatically balancing capacitance and voltage. Therefore, the capacitor voltage needs to be balanced by a complex control algorithm based on the detection of each capacitor voltage. This not only increases the complexity and development difficulty of the system, but also causes the capacitor voltage imbalance due to the failure of the detection system or the control algorithm, and finally the system cannot operate normally.
In the prior art, for example, in a chinese patent issued in 2017, 10, 13, the number of the issued publication is CN104901570B, and compared with a modular multilevel converter which totally adopts half-bridge submodules, the number of turn-off devices in an optimal case only needs to be increased by one fourth, and the switching loss of only one bridge arm in a phase unit is increased, so that the dc line fault isolation capability is still provided while the economy is high, but the self-balancing capability of the capacitor voltage is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-balancing modular multilevel converter, aiming at overcoming the technical defect that the existing half-bridge modular multilevel converter does not have the capacity of automatically balancing capacitance and voltage.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a self-balancing modular multilevel converter comprising at least one phase cell comprising a first self-balancing module and a second self-balancing module;
one end of the first self-balancing module is used as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module is used as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module and the other end of the second self-balancing module are both used for connecting alternating current ends;
the first self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is used as a first direct current end, the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, and the other end of the inductor is used for connecting an alternating current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; a voltage balancing module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
the second self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of the inductor, the other end of the inductor is used for connecting an alternating current end, and the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is used as a second direct current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; and a voltage balancing module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
Preferably, the voltage balancing module comprises a diode;
a diode is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
and a diode is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
Preferably, the voltage balancing module comprises a diode and an inductor;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the third end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the third end of the other self-balancing three-level module;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the fourth end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the fourth end of the other self-balancing three-level module.
Preferably, the self-balancing three-level module includes a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the positive end of the first capacitor is used as the first end of the self-balancing three-level module, the negative end of the first capacitor is used as the fourth end of the self-balancing three-level module, the positive end of the second capacitor is used as the third end of the self-balancing three-level module, and the negative end of the second capacitor is used as the second end of the self-balancing three-level module;
the positive terminal of first electric capacity is connected with the one end electricity of fourth switch tube, the other end of fourth switch tube is connected with the one end of second switch tube, the one end electricity of third switch tube respectively, the other end of second switch tube is connected with the positive terminal electricity of second electric capacity, the negative pole end of second electric capacity is connected with the one end electricity of fifth switch tube, the other end of fifth switch tube is connected with the other end of third switch tube, the one end electricity of first switch tube respectively, the other end of first switch tube is connected with the negative pole end electricity of first electric capacity.
Preferably, the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, the fourth switching tube and the fifth switching tube are all connected in parallel with a single diode in an inverse manner.
Preferably, when the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, the fourth switching tube and the fifth switching tube are all turned off, the first capacitor and the second capacitor enter a series charging mode through a body diode of the first switching tube, a body diode of the second switching tube and a body diode of the third switching tube.
Preferably, the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the fifth switch tube are all IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar transistors).
Preferably, the first switch tube, the second switch tube, the third switch tube, the fourth switch tube and the fifth switch tube are all Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect transistors (MOSFETs).
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a self-balancing modular multilevel converter, which adopts a modular design, can realize the self-balancing of capacitance voltage without an additional capacitance voltage detection system and a complex control algorithm, and simultaneously improves the reliability and the safety of the system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the self-balancing tri-level module of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the series charging mode of the self-balancing three-level module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the 0-level operating mode of the self-balancing three-level module of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a double level operating mode of the self-balancing three-level module of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a double-level operating mode of the self-balancing three-level module according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of one of the circuit operating states for self-balancing three-level voltage auto-balancing according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another circuit operating state for self-balancing three-level voltage auto-balancing according to the present invention;
wherein, 1, a first self-balancing module; 2. a second self-balancing module; 3. and a voltage balancing module.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a self-balancing modular multilevel converter includes at least one phase cell including a first self-balancing module 1 and a second self-balancing module 2;
one end of the first self-balancing module 1 serves as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module 2 serves as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module 1 and the other end of the second self-balancing module 2 are both used for being connected with an alternating current end.
More specifically, the first self-balancing module 1 comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules 3 and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is used as a first direct current end, the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, and the other end of the inductor is used for connecting an alternating current end;
a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
and a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
More specifically, the second self-balancing module 2 comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules 3 and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of the inductor, the other end of the inductor is used for connecting an alternating current end, and the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is used as a second direct current end;
a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
and a voltage balancing module 3 is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
More specifically, the voltage balancing module 3 comprises a diode;
a diode is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
and a diode is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
In FIG. 1, ua、ub、ucThree AC ends respectively connected with the three phase units; the n self-balancing three-level modules are respectively SM1, SM2 to SMn; 2n-2 diodes are respectively D11To D(n-1)1And D12To D(n-1)2；L0Is an inductor; a. b, c and d respectively correspond to a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end of the self-balancing three-level module.
Example 2
More specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage balancing module 3 comprises a diode and an inductor Lr；
A diode and an inductor L are connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modulesr(ii) a Wherein, the inductor LrIs electrically connected with the third end of one self-balancing three-level module, and an inductor LrThe other end of the self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with the anode end of the diode, and the cathode end of the diode is electrically connected with the third end of the other self-balancing three-level module;
a diode and an inductor L are connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modulesr(ii) a Wherein, the inductor LrIs electrically connected with the fourth end of one self-balancing three-level module, and an inductor LrThe other end of the self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with the positive end of the diode, and the negative end of the diode is electrically connected with the fourth end of the other self-balancing three-level module.
In the detailed description, LrIs a small inductor, using an inductorThe characteristic that the current cannot be suddenly changed limits the current pulse of the capacitor voltage balance mode between the self-balancing three-level modules. When the voltage is prevented from balancing, an excessive pulse current is generated, thereby causing electromagnetic interference and even damaging the device.
Example 3
More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the self-balancing three-level module includes a first switch tube Si1A second switch tube Si2A third switch tube Si3And a fourth switching tube Si4The fifth switch tube Si5A first capacitor Ci1And a second capacitor Ci2；
The first capacitor Ci1The positive terminal of the first capacitor is used as a first terminal a (input terminal) of the self-balancing three-level module, the negative terminal of the first capacitor is used as a fourth terminal d (balancing terminal) of the self-balancing three-level module, the positive terminal of the second capacitor is used as a third terminal c (balancing terminal) of the self-balancing three-level module, and the negative terminal of the second capacitor is used as a second terminal b (output terminal) of the self-balancing three-level module;
the first capacitor Ci1Positive terminal and fourth switching tube Si4Is electrically connected with the fourth switching tube Si4The other end of the first switch tube and the second switch tube S are respectively connected withi2One end of (1), a third switching tube Si3Is electrically connected with one end of the second switch tube Si2And the other end of the first capacitor Ci2Is electrically connected with the positive terminal of the second capacitor Ci2Negative terminal of and fifth switching tube Si5Is electrically connected with one end of the fifth switching tube Si5The other end of the first and second switching tubes are respectively connected with a third switching tube Si3Another end of the first switch tube Si1Is electrically connected with one end of the first switch tube Si1And the other end of the first capacitor Ci1Is electrically connected to the negative terminal.
More specifically, the first switch tube Si1A second switch tube Si2A third switch tube Si3And a fourth switching tube Si4And a fifth switching tube Si5Are connected in anti-parallel with a body diode.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, when the first switch tube S is openedi1A second switch tube Si2A third switch tube Si3And a fourth switching tube Si4And a fifth switching tube Si5When all are turned off, the first capacitor Ci1And a second capacitor Ci2Through a first switch tube Si1Body diode and second switching tube Si2And a third switching tube Si3The body diode of (1) enters a series charging mode of operation.
In the specific implementation process, fig. 5 shows a 0 level operation mode of the self-balancing three-level module, where S isi3、Si4And Si5Are all conducted and Si1And Si2Off, Ci1Positive terminal of (1) and (C)i2So that the input end (a) and the output end (b) of the self-balancing three-level module are short-circuited, thereby outputting a 0 level; due to Si3、Si4And Si5Are conductive and each switch contains a body diode, so that in this mode current can flow in both directions between the input (a) and output (b).
FIG. 6 shows a double level mode of operation of the self-balancing three-level module, wherein S isi3Turn off and turn on the other switch tubes, Ci1And Ci2The switched-on switching tubes and body diodes thereof are connected in parallel, so that the voltage between the input end (a) and the output end (b) of the self-balancing three-level module is capacitance voltage, and the current can flow in two directions; at this time, due to Ci1And Ci2Run in parallel, so Ci1And Ci2The voltage between them can be automatically balanced.
FIG. 7 shows the double-level operation mode of the self-balancing three-level module, wherein S isi1、Si2And Si3Are all conducted and Si4And Si5Off, Ci1Negative terminal of (1) and (C)i2Is connected so that the voltage between the input terminal (a) and the output terminal (b) is Ci1And Ci2The sum of the capacitances of (a) and (b), i.e. the double capacitance voltage; in this mode, the current between the input (a) and output (b) can also flow in both directions.
As shown in fig. 8, when the ith self-balancing three-level modeWhen the block SMi is operating in the 0-level mode of operation, i.e. Si3、Si4And Si5Are all conducted and Si1And Si2Off, if the voltage of the capacitor in SMi is higher than that of the capacitor in the (i +1) th self-balancing three-level module SM (i +1), Ci1Will pass through Si3、Si4、Si5And a diode Di1Is a capacitor C(i+1)1Charging to thereby realize Ci1And C(i+1)1The voltage balance between them. Similarly, as shown in fig. 9, when the voltage of the capacitor in SMi is lower than that of the capacitor in SM (i +1), the capacitor C operates in the 0-level operation mode of SM (i +1)(i+1)2Will pass through the switch tube S(i+1)3、S(i+1)4、S(i+1)5And a diode Di2Is a capacitor Ci2Charging to realize capacitor Ci2And C(i+1)2The voltage balance between them.
Therefore, the voltage between two capacitors in the self-balancing three-level module can be automatically balanced through the parallel operation of the two capacitors, and the voltage of the capacitor between the self-balancing three-level module can be automatically balanced through the diode connected between the self-balancing three-level modules. Therefore, the capacitor voltages in and among all the self-balancing three-level modules in each of the first self-balancing module 1 and the second self-balancing module 2 can be automatically balanced.
Example 4
More specifically, the first switch tube Si1A second switch tube Si2A third switch tube Si3And a fourth switching tube Si4And a fifth switching tube Si5Are all IGBT.
Example 5
More specifically, the first switch tube Si1A second switch tube Si2A third switch tube Si3And a fourth switching tube Si4And a fifth switching tube Si5Are both MOSFETs.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A self-balancing modular multilevel converter comprising at least one phase cell, the phase cell comprising a first self-balancing module and a second self-balancing module;
one end of the first self-balancing module is used as a first direct current end, one end of the second self-balancing module is used as a second direct current end, and the other end of the first self-balancing module and the other end of the second self-balancing module are both used for connecting alternating current ends;
the first self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor, wherein n is more than or equal to 2;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is used as a first direct current end, the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of an inductor, and the other end of the inductor is used for connecting an alternating current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; a voltage balancing module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
the second self-balancing module comprises n self-balancing three-level modules, 2n-2 voltage balancing modules and an inductor;
the n self-balancing three-level modules are electrically connected in sequence, the first end of the first self-balancing three-level module is electrically connected with one end of the inductor, the other end of the inductor is used for connecting an alternating current end, and the second end of the last self-balancing three-level module is used as a second direct current end; a voltage balancing module is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; and a voltage balancing module is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
2. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter of claim 1, wherein the voltage balancing module comprises a diode;
a diode is connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules;
and a diode is connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules.
3. A self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 1, wherein the voltage balancing module comprises a diode and an inductor;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the third ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the third end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the third end of the other self-balancing three-level module;
a diode and an inductor are connected between the fourth ends of every two adjacent self-balancing three-level modules; one end of the inductor is electrically connected with the fourth end of one self-balancing three-level module, the other end of the inductor is electrically connected with one end of the diode, and the other end of the diode is electrically connected with the fourth end of the other self-balancing three-level module.
4. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 1, wherein the self-balancing three-level module comprises a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a first capacitor and a second capacitor;
the positive end of the first capacitor is used as the first end of the self-balancing three-level module, the negative end of the first capacitor is used as the fourth end of the self-balancing three-level module, the positive end of the second capacitor is used as the third end of the self-balancing three-level module, and the negative end of the second capacitor is used as the second end of the self-balancing three-level module;
the positive terminal of first electric capacity is connected with the one end electricity of fourth switch tube, the other end of fourth switch tube is connected with the one end of second switch tube, the one end electricity of third switch tube respectively, the other end of second switch tube is connected with the positive terminal electricity of second electric capacity, the negative pole end of second electric capacity is connected with the one end electricity of fifth switch tube, the other end of fifth switch tube is connected with the other end of third switch tube, the one end electricity of first switch tube respectively, the other end of first switch tube is connected with the negative pole end electricity of first electric capacity.
5. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 4, wherein the first, second, third, fourth and fifth switching tubes are connected in anti-parallel with a single diode.
6. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 5, wherein when the first, second, third, fourth and fifth switching tubes are all turned off, the first and second capacitors enter a series charging mode of operation through the body diode of the first switching tube, the body diode of the second switching tube and the body diode of the third switching tube.
7. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 4, wherein the first, second, third, fourth and fifth switching tubes are IGBTs.
8. The self-balancing modular multilevel converter according to claim 4, wherein the first, second, third, fourth and fifth switching tubes are MOSFETs.
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| CN103633872A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Capacitor voltage self-balancing circuit of modularized multi-level converter |
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2020
- 2020-12-09 CN CN202011429201.5A patent/CN112564528B/en active Active
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| CN103633872A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-12 | 山东大学 | Capacitor voltage self-balancing circuit of modularized multi-level converter |
| CN107834590A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-23 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of photovoltaic generation D.C. high voltage transmission devices and methods therefor |
| US20200313540A1 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-01 | Zhejiang University | Active Power Filter-Based Modular Multilevel Converter |
| CN111371336A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-03 | 东南大学 | Hybrid modular multilevel converter based on energy self-balancing circuit |
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| 李云丰;宋平岗;王楚;: "模块化多电平换流器电容电压的一种平衡控制方法", 大功率变流技术, no. 05 * |
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