CN112561250A - Cold chain logistics management system based on block chain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a block chain-based cold chain logistics management system, which comprises: the intelligent sensing terminal, the cold-chain logistics module, the cloud server and the block chain are cooperatively matched to collect, process, identify, fuse and transmit data of fresh food, so that the remote monitoring of the whole cold-chain logistics process is realized; the system can support the monitoring implementation of the whole process and the autonomous decision support of the operation management, thereby reducing the labor consumption and improving the intellectualization; based on the block chain technology, the processes of production, processing, transportation and sale of the fresh food are integrated uniformly, important information in each time period is uploaded to the block chain through an Ethernet and a Telehsh information transfer protocol, and finally, a consumer can directly scan a bar code and a two-dimensional code or log in a traceability APP/Web end to input a food ID (identity), so that the information traceability query of the fresh food is carried out, and the consumer is relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of logistics, relates to a cold chain logistics management system, and particularly relates to a block chain-based cold chain logistics management system for transporting fresh food.
Background
With the continuous development of electronic commerce in China, the electronic commerce and the enterprise gradually enter the field of fresh food, and cold-chain logistics is the fundamental guarantee for the electronic commerce to distribute the fresh food. Cold chain logistics is always a big difficulty in the logistics industry, and since foods such as fruits, vegetables, livestock and poultry have extremely strict requirements from the storage to the transportation environment, the loss rate is always very high.
In the monitoring technology of bright food is given birth to in current cold chain commodity circulation, also use the sensor to carry out information acquisition, but set up the sensor comparatively single, be equipped with temperature-detecting device and wireless communication device, acquire information perfect inadequately, do not carry out the data fusion and handle, acquire more accurate information. The monitoring system is also not intelligent enough or depends on manual decision. Some of the computer application programs are decided by using a machine, however, the conventional computer application programs are not easy to modify due to fixed structures, the application range is limited to a certain extent, and different programs must be written for different types of problems.
China begins to establish a food traceability system after 2000 years, and the key point of actual supervision of the traceability system is to guarantee food safety. Currently, the existing food safety tracing technologies in China are roughly three types: FRID radio frequency technology, two-dimensional codes and product bar codes. These techniques have a serious problem that they cannot fundamentally solve the problem of counterfeiting by copying and transferring the forgery-preventing mark.
For cold chain enterprises, logistics runs through the whole process of a food supply system, and the efficiency, cost and quality of logistics affect the overall effectiveness of logistics activities and also the satisfaction of customers on logistics services of the enterprises. If can raise the efficiency in the cold chain distribution link, reduce the attrition rate of food, not only mean having reduced the loss in the transportation, practiced thrift a large amount of costs for the enterprise, also guaranteed the integrity of product when the consumer buys in the terminal channel simultaneously.
In the aspect of food safety tracing, the block chain number technology is transparent, so that a new mutual trust relationship can be established among producers, suppliers, consumers, sellers and transporters. Finally, due to the sharing of the process disclosure and the account book information, each participant obtains supervision of each link of the whole ecological chain of the fresh food, so that the counterfeiting cost is greatly increased, and the public constraint of the market is strengthened. The safety of consumers is protected, the consumers are relieved, and the responsibility exploration, food recall and the like can be realized once a safety accident occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the cold chain logistics management system based on the block chain aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the monitoring physical domain is single in characteristic, real-time monitoring cannot be achieved, manual decision making is low in efficiency, and the food tracing function is poor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a cold chain logistics management system based on a block chain, which comprises:
the intelligent sensing terminal is used for realizing integrated management and control of real-time acquisition, processing, identification, display, access, remote wireless transmission, real-time interaction, abnormal condition alarm and decision scheme broadcast of cold-chain logistics fresh food state and refrigeration environment multi-physical domain data;
the cold-chain logistics module comprises an expert knowledge base, a database and an inference machine and is used for realizing autonomous decision support for planning and designing, monitoring and implementing and operating management of the whole picking, transportation, storage and retail processes;
the cloud server is used for realizing integration and integrated operation and management of the intelligent sensing terminal and the cold-chain logistics module and continuously monitoring the whole operation process of the cold-chain logistics;
and the block chain database is used for tracing the food source and inquiring the information through a block chain technology and two-dimensional code scanning.
Furthermore, the intelligent sensing terminal is based on embedded system design, is built by multisensor and microcomputer raspberry group, and includes detection module and alarm module, detection module includes raspberry group camera, temperature and humidity sensor, CO2、O2Gas sensingThe alarm comprises a buzzer, an air pressure sensor and a GPS/Beidou double-positioning module, wherein the alarm module comprises a buzzer and a voice module.
Furthermore, the intelligent sensing terminal converts the analog signals of the multiple sensors into digital signal data through a data acquisition card, and then performs fusion processing on the digital signal data through the raspberry group.
Furthermore, the cold-chain logistics module extracts and constructs the related experience of people in cold-chain logistics based on decision, management and operation layers, the knowledge base stores the expert knowledge, experience, book knowledge of cold-chain logistics and state knowledge of the whole cold-chain logistics process during operation, and the database stores the real-time data reflecting the current state of the system in the cold-chain logistics module; the inference machine is used for controlling and coordinating the whole system, and gradually deduces until obtaining corresponding conclusion according to input data and knowledge of the knowledge base according to a certain inference strategy.
Further, the database comprises a dynamic database and a static database; the dynamic database stores the variation parameters in the logistics operation process, and the static database stores the relatively stable parameters.
Further, the cloud server is used for data storage and calculation, realizes storage of various dynamic and static information in the whole process of cold-chain logistics, and provides calculation processing of various information data and decision calculation support of the cold-chain logistics module.
Furthermore, the cloud server comprises a background login port, so that managers can check the data of cross-region space-time at any time, compare historical data with real-time data and obtain a real-time monitoring result.
Further, the block chain database is used for integrating the processes of production, processing, transportation and sale of the food, and uploading information of each time period to the block chain through an Ethernet platform and a Telehsh information transfer protocol.
Further, the information of the key time period is directly uploaded to the block chain through the cloud server by the signals acquired by the sensor, and other information which cannot be directly uploaded is manually input into the block chain by authorized personnel, so that transparent sharing of the information is realized.
Further, the consumer inputs the food ID through scanning bar codes, two-dimensional codes or logging in the tracing APP/Web end based on the block chain database to perform tracing query on the fresh food information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method and the technology for multi-physical-domain data acquisition and data fusion based on the distributed multi-sensor are provided and realized, so that the information of fresh food can be acquired more accurately, and the food state can be better monitored.
2. The intelligent sensing terminal based on the embedded system has the advantages of small volume, high real-time performance and convenience. Through data acquisition, processing, recognition, fusion and transmission, the remote monitoring of the whole cold-chain logistics process is realized, and managers can log in from a back cloud server platform to inquire. Reduce the damage rate of the fresh food and ensure the freshness of the fresh food.
3. The cold-chain logistics module can realize independent decision support for monitoring implementation and operation management of the whole process, reduce labor consumption and improve intelligence. When the cold-chain logistics module finds that abnormal conditions exist, the intelligent sensing terminal can send out an alarm sound, can actively send an emergency notice to the management background at the cloud server, informs a manager of the current abnormal conditions, gives decision support, and enables the manager to check the cold-chain logistics conditions more quickly and accurately and eliminate the abnormal conditions.
4. The cloud server based on distributed computing can realize integration and integrated operation and management of a distributed multi-sensor multi-physical-domain data acquisition system, an intelligent sensing terminal and a cold chain logistics module, and achieves uninterrupted monitoring of cold chain logistics in the whole operation process for 24 hours across regions and across time and space.
5. The block chain technology integrates the processes of production, processing, transportation and sale of fresh food, important information in each time period is uploaded to the block chain through an Ethernet platform and a Telehash information transfer protocol, and finally, a consumer can directly scan a bar code and a two-dimensional code or log in a traceability APP/Web end to input a food ID (identity), so that the traceability query of the information of the fresh food is carried out, and the consumer is relieved.
Drawings
The detailed structure of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the structure of the intelligent sensing terminal of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a block chain-based cold-chain logistics management system, including:
the intelligent sensing terminal is used for realizing integrated management and control of real-time acquisition, processing, identification, display, access, remote wireless transmission, real-time interaction, abnormal condition alarm and decision scheme broadcast of cold-chain logistics fresh food state and refrigeration environment multi-physical domain data;
the cold-chain logistics module comprises an expert knowledge base, a database and an inference machine and is used for realizing autonomous decision support for planning and designing, monitoring and implementing and operating management of the whole picking, transportation, storage and retail processes;
the cloud server is used for realizing integration and integrated operation and management of the intelligent sensing terminal and the cold-chain logistics module and continuously monitoring the whole operation process of the cold-chain logistics;
and the block chain database is used for tracing the food source and inquiring the information through a block chain technology and two-dimensional code scanning.
Specifically, the invention provides and realizes a distributed multi-sensor-based multi-physical-domain data acquisition and data fusion method and technology, and constructs a corresponding fresh food information acquisition system to perform real-time online acquisition on the fresh food state, the refrigeration environment state and other related information data in the cold chain logistics transportation and storage process.
Various methods and advantages and disadvantages of the existing fresh food information detection method are analyzed, advantages and disadvantages of various sensors are compared, and the appropriate sensor and the core control processing unit are selected. Based on the multi-sensor information fusion technology, the multi-level and multi-space information complementation and optimized combination processing can be carried out on various sensors.
The distributed multi-sensor multi-physical domain data acquisition adopts a plurality of sensors (namely, a raspberry sending camera, a temperature and humidity sensor, CO and CO)2、O2The gas sensors, the air pressure sensor, the GPS/Beidou double-positioning module and the like) to realize multi-physical-domain information acquisition (namely, fresh food state information and refrigeration environment state information, including video information, the quantity, the size, the skin condition and the like of the fresh food state information and the refrigeration environment state information based on machine vision, and the temperature, the humidity, the CO and the CO of the environment where the fresh food state information and the refrigeration environment state information are located2、CO2Concentration, barometric pressure values, location information, etc.). The analog signals of the multiple sensors are converted into digital signal data through a data acquisition card, and then data fusion processing is carried out through a raspberry group.
The multi-information acquisition and fusion are beneficial to the state monitoring of the fresh food and the decision judgment of the cold-chain logistics module, so that the freshness of the fresh food is better guaranteed; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1. the number, size, freshness, skin condition and incomplete condition of food can be obtained by the raspberry group camera
2. Temperature and humidity environment condition is constantly monitored by temperature and humidity sensor
3. From CO, CO2、O2When the gas sensor detects the gas concentration, the freshness of the fruit can be known
4. The air pressure sensor can obtain the air pressure value of the environment where the fresh food is positioned
5. Carry out the accurate positioning of the fresh food position of cold chain logistics by GPS + big dipper dual localization module
The intelligent sensing terminal is designed based on an embedded system and comprises a detection module and an alarm module, so that integrated management and control of real-time acquisition, (pre) processing, recognition, display, access, remote wireless transmission, real-time interaction, abnormal condition alarm, decision scheme broadcast and the like of multi-physical domain data of a cold-chain logistics fresh food state, a refrigeration environment state and the like can be realized.
With the continuous research and development of the technology of the embedded system, the technology of the embedded system is applied to many aspects, the technology of the embedded system becomes more and more mature, and the cost of the embedded system is continuously reduced, so that the product based on the embedded system can be developed, and the grade and the function and the performance of the product can be improved. The embedded equipment that this system adopted is the raspberry group, develops the intelligent perception terminal based on the raspberry group, is built by multisensor and raspberry group electricity connection, including detection module and alarm module, and detection module includes the raspberry group camera, temperature and humidity sensor, CO2、O2The alarm module comprises a buzzer and a voice module. Analog signals of the multiple sensors are converted into digital signal data through a data acquisition card, then the raspberry group carries out data identification and fusion processing on the collected multiple physical domain information such as fresh food states and refrigeration environment states, and the real-time remote wireless transmission of the multiple physical domain information is realized through a multi-system digital mobile communication technology based on Wifi, 4G/5G and the like. The information is transmitted to the cloud server by wireless transmission, remote monitoring of cold-chain logistics is carried out, once abnormal states of fresh fruits are monitored, buzzer alarming is carried out, a voice module informs a manager of the current abnormal conditions, and decision support is given.
In addition, relevant experience, knowledge and the like of people in cold-chain logistics management are extracted from the aspects of decision, management and operation, a cold-chain logistics module is constructed, the cold-chain logistics module comprises an expert knowledge base, a database, an inference machine and the like, autonomous decision support for planning design, monitoring implementation and operation management of the whole picking, transportation, storage and retail processes is realized, and the problems that a traditional monitoring system needs manual 24 hours of time guard, manual intervention decision and the like are solved
The cold chain logistics are the most difficult, the fresh food is not easy to store and transport, the loss is large, and the cost is high. Besides the loss caused by the cold chain in the transportation process, the important point of high cost is that in order to monitor the state of the fresh food, a large amount of manpower is needed to be consumed to monitor the state of the fresh food and process data and make manual intervention decisions, and the like, so that the efficiency is not high, and the condition of judgment errors often occurs.
The system constructs a cold-chain logistics module to realize autonomous decision support for planning design, monitoring implementation and operation management of the whole distribution process. The cold-chain logistics module is a type of intelligent computer program that contains knowledge and reasoning. In the cold-chain logistics module, separate knowledge units are described, each describing a specific situation and the measures to be taken in that situation, while the cold-chain logistics module as a whole provides an inference mechanism. The reasoning mechanism can select different knowledge elements from the knowledge base to form different solving sequences or generate different application programs according to different processing objects so as to complete a specified task. For example, when the detected temperature is not suitable for the current temperature, the cold-chain logistics module makes a decision to automatically adjust the temperature to increase or decrease. When other abnormal conditions are detected and need to be manually processed, the cold-chain logistics module gives decision suggestions and informs drivers or managers to make corresponding decisions.
Each part function of this cold chain logistics module:
knowledge base
The knowledge base is stored with a memory of expert knowledge, experience, book knowledge of cold-chain logistics and various state knowledge and common knowledge during the whole process of cold-chain logistics. The structural form of the knowledge base adopts a production rule expression knowledge method, which can not only express facts, but also attach confidence coefficient factors to express the credibility of the facts, thereby realizing the accurate reasoning capability of the cold-chain logistics module.
Database with a plurality of databases
The database is a place for storing factual data reflecting the current state of the system in the cold-chain logistics module, and consists of a dynamic database and a static database. The static database stores relatively stable parameters, such as storage rated parameters of various fresh foods: the quality guarantee period of various fresh foods, the proper temperature and humidity for storage, the concentration requirements of various gases in a storage space and the like. The dynamic database stores the variation parameters in the logistics operation process, such as the damage condition of the surface of fresh food, the temperature and humidity variation condition, the concentration of stored environmental gas, the pressure value, the position and the like at a certain time. These data are diagnostic basis indispensable in the reasoning process.
Inference engine
The inference engine is a set of computer programs for controlling and coordinating the whole system, and can use the knowledge of the knowledge base to omit the gradual inference until the corresponding conclusion is obtained according to the input data. The method comprises an inference method and a control strategy.
Because the collected multi-physical domain information needs to be identified, an inaccurate reasoning method is adopted, and on the basis of the rule strength given by an expert and the uncertainty of the original evidence given by a user, a forward and reverse mixed reasoning method is adopted, which can obtain an assumption through forward reasoning according to important symptoms, and then carry out reverse reasoning on the assumption, so that necessary conditions are searched repeatedly, and an optimal decision is obtained.
The cloud server based on distributed computing is constructed, integration and integrated operation and management of a distributed multi-sensor multi-physical-domain data acquisition system, an intelligent sensing terminal and a cold-chain logistics module are realized, and uninterrupted monitoring of cold-chain logistics in the whole operation process for 24 hours across regions, time and space is achieved
The cloud server takes on the functions of storage and computation. The storage of various dynamic and static information, the calculation processing of various information data and the decision calculation support of the cold-chain logistics module in the whole process of the cold-chain logistics can be realized.
The management personnel log in from the cloud server background, so that various data of cross-region and cross-space can be checked at any time from the cloud server, and historical data and real-time data can be checked at any time to be compared to obtain an accurate real-time monitoring result. The background of the server can not modify the sensor data, and only can view the data.
When the cold-chain logistics module finds that abnormal conditions exist, the intelligent sensing terminal can give out an alarm sound, can actively send an emergency notice to the management background at the cloud server, and informs a manager of the current abnormal conditions through the voice module, and gives decision support, so that the manager can check the cold-chain logistics conditions more quickly and accurately and eliminate the abnormal conditions. The safety of cold chain logistics transportation and the freshness of fresh food are better guaranteed.
The invention also provides a method for tracing the source of the fresh food in the cold-chain logistics based on the block chain database, which achieves the purposes of tracing the source of the food and inquiring the information by using the block chain technology and two-dimension code scanning, solves the problem of unclear food information and realizes food safety service for consumers.
The block chain technology has the technical characteristics of irreversible time sequence, irreparable data and the like, so that the traceability system can be safely and reliably recorded according to the time sequence on the technical logic, the traceability system is naturally matched with the time sequence requirement of traceability information in the physical world, and the traceability and the positioning of each traceability point can be carried out in real time, so that a responsibility main body is locked; secondly, the distributed storage and decentralized voting mechanism of the block chain also ensures that the records on the whole traceability chain can not be falsified in technical logic, so that illegal operation behaviors are avoided when food safety accidents or traceability requirements really occur in the future.
The block chain provides a standardized accounting system, the processes of production (picking), processing, transportation and sale of fresh food are integrated uniformly, important information in each time period is uploaded to the block chain through an Ethernet platform and a Telehash information transfer protocol, signals acquired by a sensor directly upload information in the key time period to the block chain through a cloud server, and other information which cannot be uploaded directly is manually input into the block chain by authorized personnel, so that transparent sharing of the information is realized. And (4) recording the information such as origin authentication information, organic food authentication, production license and the like into the block chain network, and ensuring the truth and reliability of the inquired information by utilizing the characteristic that the block chain can not be tampered.
And secondly, the block chain technology is transparent, so that a new mutual trust relationship can be established among a producer, a supplier, a consumer, a seller and a transporter. Finally, due to the sharing of the process disclosure and the account book information, each participant obtains supervision of each link of the whole ecological chain of the fresh food, so that the counterfeiting cost is greatly increased, and the public constraint of the market is strengthened.
Finally, the consumer can directly scan the bar code and the two-dimension code or log in the tracing APP/Web end to input the food ID, so that the tracing query of the fresh food information is carried out, and the consumer is relieved. Once a food safety accident occurs, the method is also beneficial to law enforcement departments to follow up responsibility, brings convenience to recall food, prevents epidemic situation from spreading, and prevents consumers from being trapped in the food accident again.
Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of the architecture is shown.
The technical architecture of the cold-chain logistics system is mainly divided into a physical layer, a communication layer, a data layer and an application layer. The method comprises the following steps that a multi-physical-domain information acquisition and fusion technology is applied to a physical layer; the block chain technique is applied to the communication layer and the data layer.
The physical layer mainly comprises an intelligent sensing terminal which is built by a plurality of sensors and a raspberry pie, and comprises the raspberry pie, a raspberry pie camera, a temperature and humidity sensor, CO and CO2、O2The system comprises a gas sensor, a gas pressure sensor, a GPS/Beidou double-positioning module and the like. The data acquisition and processing integration device is used for integrating data acquisition and processing and transmitting the data to the upper protocol cloud server.
The communication layer mainly comprises a network structure and a protocol. The information collected by the intelligent sensing terminal is uploaded to the cloud server through communication mechanisms such as Bluetooth, wifi, Ethernet, 3G/4G/5G and the like. And then the cloud server directly uploads the sensor information of the key time period to the block chain, and the communication layer of the tracing system is based on an Ethernet platform and a Telehsh information transfer protocol of the block chain technology during application so as to prevent the attacked node from damaging the system through a network.
The data layer mainly refers to a distributed storage database and comprises data stored by a cloud server and a block chain. The cloud server stores data at all times and monitors the fresh food in real time so as to guarantee high freshness and low loss rate of the fresh food. The block chain comprises key time interval sensor information transmitted by the cloud server and fresh food information uploaded manually. Each record in the blockchain contains data, events, time and a unique encrypted signature, and the complete transaction record can be verified and audited by any legal user.
The application layer mainly refers to a cloud server background and a tracing APP/Web end and provides man-machine interaction. In the whole process from production to consumption of a product, cold-chain logistics management personnel can monitor the fresh food state in real time through the rear end of a cloud server, and authorization personnel can manually input part of important information into a block chain through an Ether house platform and a Telehsh information transfer protocol; the consumer can directly scan the bar code and the two-dimension code or log in the tracing APP/Web end to input the food ID for tracing inquiry of the fresh food information.
In the implementation of the system, firstly, the hardware devices need to use: raspberry pie, camera of raspberry pie, temperature and humidity sensor, CO and CO2、O2The system comprises a gas sensor, a gas pressure sensor, a GPS/Beidou double-positioning module and other sensors, a data acquisition card and a communication module.
Firstly, a multi-sensor is built in a raspberry group to form a cold-chain logistics intelligent sensing terminal, a data acquisition card acquires data of the multi-sensor, and then related data are sent to an embedded raspberry group system for data processing and fusion.
And then, the related sensor information is uploaded to a cloud server through an ad hoc network 4G/WIFI communication module, so that the remote monitoring of the whole cold-chain logistics process is realized, and managers can log in from a back cloud server platform to inquire. The intelligent sensing terminal is monitored in the whole process of cold-chain logistics production, processing, transportation, storage and sale along with fresh food. Reduce the damage rate of the fresh food and ensure the freshness of the fresh food.
The important thing is also to run through the block chain technology of whole flow, unifies the process from production, processing, transportation to selling of fresh food, uploads the essential information of each period to the block chain through ether mill platform, Telehash information transfer agreement, and the signal that wherein the sensor acquireed passes through cloud ware and directly uploads the block chain with the information of key period, and other information that can not directly upload will be by staff's manual entry block chain, realize the transparent sharing of information. Finally, the consumer can directly scan the bar code and the two-dimension code or log in the tracing APP/Web end to input the food ID, so that the tracing query of the fresh food information is carried out, and the consumer is relieved.
The following specifically illustrates the following steps of tracing the fresh product from picking production to selling:
in the production link, which mainly aims at orchards, farms and farms, all fruits, vegetables and livestock are firstly subjected to identity identification and input into a block chain to complete respective product information document creation work, and then picking time, fertilizer information, pesticide information and growth condition information of the fruits and the vegetables are input into a system; the system comprises specific information such as birth information, feed information, dispensing information, epidemic disease information, sale condition and the like of livestock and poultry. When fruits, vegetables and livestock are sold and flow to the next link (processing process), the node of the current responsible party initiates a transaction request and signs an intelligent contract embedded in a block chain with a processing plant by using a private key, the system records transaction operation and automatically authorizes a product receiving party after the transaction is completed, and the processing plant becomes a new authorized role and is responsible for following up products and maintaining product information documents. Meanwhile, a supervision and authentication department has the right to access and examine the information, and signs in a private key mode to authenticate the compliance of the breeding links.
The main object of the processing link is a processing factory, and the processing factory obtains the authority of accessing and maintaining product information documents after receiving fruits, vegetables and livestock from a planting farm and a breeding farm. The processing field mainly writes product source information, processing information, check immunity information, current state information and the like. The immune information inspection is the same as the production link, and needs the intervention of quarantine and authentication departments. The last step is product packaging. In the packaging process, physical information such as product packaging materials, packaging time, volume and weight needs to be added. In addition, there is a need to generate physical tags for products to provide a query portal for consumers.
The logistics link is a logistics company, information collected by the intelligent sensing terminal is transmitted to the cloud server by means of the multi-sensor sensing technology of the intelligent sensing terminal, and cold-chain logistics management personnelThe fresh food state can be monitored in real time through the cloud server, the abnormal condition is monitored, decision support is given by the cold-chain logistics module, and the fresh food loss is avoided by taking measures in an emergency. The cloud server then directly uploads the fresh food status (video information and its machine vision based quantity, weight, skin condition, etc.), the refrigeration environment status (temperature, humidity, CO, etc.) for important periods of time2、CO、O2Concentration, air pressure value, position), etc. to the blockchain. In addition, the logistics company needs to additionally input information such as a transportation mode, a transportation environment, and a receiving place in the product information document.
The storage link-the main object is the warehouse. By means of the multi-sensor sensing technology of the intelligent sensing terminal, information collected by the intelligent sensing terminal is transmitted to the cloud server, and warehouse management personnel can monitor the fresh food state in real time through the cloud server. The cloud server then directly uploads the fresh food status (video information and its machine vision based quantity, weight, skin condition, etc.), the refrigeration environment status (temperature, humidity, CO, etc.) for important periods of time2、CO、O2Concentration, air pressure value, position), etc. to the blockchain. In addition, the storage warehouse needs to additionally input information such as storage addresses, storage days and acceptance places in the product information document.
The main objects of the sales link are sales enterprises and retailers. The fresh products may reach the retail link through a plurality of distribution links, so the source of the fresh products must be clear for the sales enterprises, and the information documents of the fresh products are written. Meanwhile, the selling enterprises also need to supplement the conditions of selling time, price and the like of the fresh products, the integrity of product documents is ensured, and the time certainty of information items in the block chain system is ensured.
Tracing links-the main objects are consumers and safety law enforcement departments. When a consumer purchases a fresh product, the consumer can access a product information document (appointed authority) through a bar code and a two-dimensional code on the packaging of the fresh product, and can also log in a tracing APP/Web end to input a food ID (identity), so that food tracing is performed, and necessary information is known. In addition, when food safety accidents (such as unsanitary food and epidemic situation) occur, the main role is law enforcement. At the moment, related departments obtain higher-level authority through a private key and access details of the product in the whole process from a farm to a dining table, so that problem origins are determined and blame is asked for, or accurate product recalls are carried out through detailed logistics and distribution information, and the safety of people is guaranteed.
The cold chain logistics management system based on the block chain can achieve the following effects:
1. the method and the technology for data acquisition and data fusion of multiple physical domains based on the distributed multi-sensor are provided and realized, so that the information of fresh food can be acquired more accurately, and the food state can be better monitored.
2. The intelligent sensing terminal based on the embedded system has the advantages of small size, high real-time performance and convenience. Through data acquisition, processing, recognition, fusion and transmission, the remote monitoring of the whole cold-chain logistics process is realized, and managers can log in from a back cloud server platform to inquire. Reduce the damage rate of the fresh food and ensure the freshness of the fresh food.
3. The cold-chain logistics module can realize independent decision support for monitoring implementation and operation management of the whole process, reduce labor consumption and improve intelligence. When the cold-chain logistics module finds that abnormal conditions exist, the intelligent sensing terminal can send out an alarm sound, can actively send an emergency notice to the management background at the cloud server, informs a manager of the current abnormal conditions, gives decision support, and enables the manager to check the cold-chain logistics conditions more quickly and accurately and eliminate the abnormal conditions.
4. The cloud server based on distributed computing can realize integration and integrated operation and management of a distributed multi-sensor multi-physical-domain data acquisition system, an intelligent sensing terminal and a cold chain logistics module, and achieves uninterrupted monitoring of cold chain logistics in the whole operation process for 24 hours across regions and across time and space.
5. The block chain technology integrates the processes of production, processing, transportation and sale of fresh food, important information in each time period is uploaded to the block chain through an Ethernet platform and a Telehash information transfer protocol, and finally, a consumer can directly scan a bar code and a two-dimensional code or log in a traceability APP/Web end to input a food ID (identity), so that the traceability query of the information of the fresh food is carried out, and the consumer is relieved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A block chain-based cold-chain logistics management system, the cold-chain logistics management system comprising:
the intelligent sensing terminal is used for realizing integrated management and control of real-time acquisition, processing, identification, display, access, remote wireless transmission, real-time interaction, abnormal condition alarm and decision scheme broadcast of cold-chain logistics fresh food state and refrigeration environment multi-physical domain data;
the cold-chain logistics module comprises an expert knowledge base, a database and an inference machine and is used for realizing autonomous decision support for planning and designing, monitoring and implementing and operating management of the whole picking, transportation, storage and retail processes;
the cloud server is used for realizing integration and integrated operation and management of the intelligent sensing terminal and the cold-chain logistics module and continuously monitoring the whole operation process of the cold-chain logistics;
and the block chain database is used for tracing the food source and inquiring the information through a block chain technology and two-dimensional code scanning.
2. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 1, wherein the intelligent sensing terminal is based on an embedded system design, is constructed by a plurality of sensors and a microcomputer raspberry group, and comprises a detection module and an alarm module, wherein the detection module comprises a raspberry group camera, a temperature and humidity sensor, CO and CO2、O2The alarm device comprises a gas sensor, a gas pressure sensor and a GPS/Beidou double-positioning module, wherein the alarm module comprises a buzzer and a voice module.
3. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 2, wherein the intelligent sensing terminal converts the analog signals of the multiple sensors into digital signal data through a data acquisition card, and then performs fusion processing on the digital signal data through the raspberry pi.
4. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 1, wherein the cold-chain logistics module is constructed by extracting the experience of people in cold-chain logistics based on decision, management and operation level, the knowledge base stores the expert knowledge, experience, book knowledge of cold-chain logistics and state knowledge during the whole operation of the cold-chain logistics process, and the database stores the real-time data reflecting the current state of the system in the cold-chain logistics module; the inference machine is used for controlling and coordinating the whole system, and gradually deduces until obtaining corresponding conclusion according to input data and knowledge of the knowledge base according to a certain inference strategy.
5. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 4 wherein the database comprises a dynamic database and a static database; the dynamic database stores the variation parameters in the logistics operation process, and the static database stores the relatively stable parameters.
6. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 1, wherein the cloud server is used for data storage and calculation, realizes storage of various dynamic and static information in the whole cold-chain logistics process, and provides calculation processing of various information data and decision calculation support of the cold-chain logistics module.
7. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 6, wherein the cloud server comprises a background login, so that managers can check the data of cross-region space-time at any time and compare the historical data with the real-time data to obtain the real-time monitoring result.
8. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 1, wherein the blockchain database is used for integrating the processes of production, processing, transportation and sale of the food, and uploading information of each time period to the blockchain through an Ethernet platform and a Telehsh messaging protocol.
9. The cold-chain logistics management system of claim 8, wherein the signals acquired by the sensor directly upload information of key time periods to the block chain through the cloud server, and other information which cannot be directly uploaded is manually recorded into the block chain by authorized personnel, so that transparent sharing of information is realized.
10. The system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the consumer inputs the food ID by scanning bar code, two-dimension code, or log-in tracing APP/Web based on the blockchain to perform tracing query of the fresh food information.
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