CN112559455B - IFC data management system and method based on semantic network technology - Google Patents
IFC data management system and method based on semantic network technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an IFC data management system and method based on semantic network technology, comprising the following steps: the system comprises an IFC file reader, an IFC file output device, an IFC-ifcOWL data conversion module, an ifcOWL data storage module, a data query module, a data modification module, a data deletion module and a user interaction module, and supports query, modification, deletion and other operations on IFC data. The user can manage the IFC data without understanding the format of the IFC data, and the utilization efficiency of the IFC data is improved. The method solves the query problem of the IFC data and the modification and deletion problems of the IFC data. The invention converts the IFC data into the ifcOWL data, queries the data by utilizing the technology of the semantic network, and supports conditional query. The invention converts IFC data into ifclowl data, which is converted into IFC data due to lack of methods. The present invention proposes a method of assigning a unique identification number to each data to solve this problem, supporting modification and deletion of the data specified by the query.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of IFC data management, and particularly relates to an IFC data management system and method based on semantic network technology.
Background
Under the guidance of strong government support, building information modeling (BuidingInformation Modeling, BIM for short) technology in China is entering into deep application and effective generation stages. Meanwhile, a plurality of barriers are encountered in the application process, wherein the interoperability of BIM data is one of the problems to be solved. Users in different fields select different software to realize the requirements of the fields, and meanwhile, the users in different fields also need to cooperate with the users in other fields, however, each field has specific expertise, different software has different file formats, traditional data exchange modes are often interacted and integrated based on data standards specified by software developers, for example, autodesk corporation defines a rvt data format, software Revit Architecture developed by Autodesk and aimed at the architectural design field, software revittstructure aimed at the structural design field and Revit MEP aimed at the equipment pipeline design field can be imported and exported into rvt files, and data exchange is realized. BIM software developed by different companies often lacks consistent data standards, and lossless export and import are difficult to achieve, so that a data island is formed.
To address this problem, the buildingSMART organization proposed a IFC (IndustryFoundation Class) data standard to support the sharing and exchange of BIM data. The IFC data standard adopts EXPRESS Schema to define various entities, attributes and relations in the building field, provides a general standard for data expression and data exchange for BIM data, is also being developed, and is being developed, and more perfect versions are being continuously introduced by buildingSMART, and more BIM software starts to support import and export of the IFC data.
The IFC file, however, lacks readability, and it is difficult for a person unfamiliar with the IFC standard to understand the data it contains, which typically requires importing the data using building software supporting the IFC standard before it can be seen that it contains the data content, which presents several problems:
1. when there is a lack of effective tools for some statistical analysis of the IFC data, for example, statistics of how many windows are included in the IFC data, etc.
2. The lack of efficient tools to modify the IFC data, such as modifying the height of a door, requires the use of building software to import IFCs to obtain BIM models from the data and then to operate, which is certainly time consuming and complex.
3. Efficient tools are lacking to delete redundant data in the IFC data. In recent years, semantic web technologies are rapidly developed and applied in more and more fields, such as developing new drugs, clinical diagnosis, and the like. Semantic networking (semantical networking) is a structured way to graphically represent knowledge. Is a semantic network in which information is expressed as a set of nodes connected to each other by a set of marked directed lines for representing relationships between the nodes. The semantic network is characterized in that: (1) Knowledge can be represented deeply, including entity structures, layers and causal relationships among entities; (2) the non-regular reasoning, the non-regular reasoning can be followed; (3) The naturalness of knowledge expression is directly enhanced from language statements. Thus, the following advantages include directly and clearly expressing the semantic relation of the concept, simulating the semantic memory and association mode of the human; the structural relation retrieval and reasoning of the semantic network can be utilized, and the efficiency is high.
The invention provides an IFC data management system and method based on semantic technology, which solves the problems that IFC data is difficult to inquire, modify and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an IFC data management system based on semantic network technology, which comprises: the IFC file reader is used for reading the IFC data into the memory and creating a unique identification number according to file characteristics; the IFC file output device is used for outputting the IFC data in the memory into a file with the suffix of IFC; the IFC-ifcOWL data conversion module is used for converting IFC data into ifcOWL data, converting the IFC data into ifcOWL data by combining the body and the IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library, wherein each piece of data has an identification number; the ifcOWL data storage module is used for storing the ifcOWL data converted from the IFC data in the TDB2 database; the data query module is used for querying the stored data; the data modification module is used for modifying the ifcOWL data and one or more pieces of data appointed in the IFC data, modifying the existing ifcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the ifcOWL data to the position in the IFC data according to the identification number, and modifying the IFC data; the data deleting module is used for deleting the ifcOWL data and one or more pieces of data appointed in the IFC data, deleting the existing ifcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the ifcOWL data to the position in the IFC data according to the identification number, and deleting the IFC data; the user interaction module is used for providing a visual interaction interface comprising data import, selecting query conditions, displaying query results, modifying specified data, deleting specified data and displaying system states.
Further, the data conversion module comprises an ifcOWL body, an IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library, an IFC file recorder and an IFC-ifcOWL converter.
Further, the data query module includes a library of predefined query statement and a complete query statement generator.
Further, the data modification module includes an IFC data modifier and an IFC data modifier.
Further, the data deletion module includes an ifcOWL data remover and an IFC data remover.
The invention provides an IFC data management method based on semantic network technology, which comprises the following steps:
s1, an IFC data file is read into a memory, a unique identification number is created according to file characteristics, IFC data is converted into ifcOWL data by combining a body and an IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library, each piece of data has the identification number, and the ifcOWL data is stored in a TDB2 database;
s2.IfcOWL data query, wherein the specified query conditions are based on SPARQL sentences generated by executing on the ifcOWL data stored by the TDB2 data, and the results are displayed in a user interaction interface;
s3, modifying IFC data, designating an IFC file to be modified, obtaining the IFcOWL data in S1, inquiring whether the data to be modified exists or not based on S2, modifying the existing IFcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the IFC data to the position in the IFC data according to an identification number, and modifying the IFC data;
s4, deleting IFC data, namely designating an IFC file to be deleted, obtaining the IFcOWL data in S1, inquiring whether the data to be modified exists or not based on S2, deleting the existing IFcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the IFC data to the position in the IFC data according to an identification number, and deleting the IFC data;
further, the file characteristics in S1 include the name, size, and creation time of the file.
Further, in S2, the IFC file to be queried is specified in the user interaction module.
Further, in S2, the SPARQL language is adopted to inquire the ifc-OWL data, an inquiry statement is constructed, and a complete SPARQL inquiry statement is obtained according to the appointed inquiry condition.
Further, in S4, only data associated with the deleted data is deleted from the ifccowl data and the IFC data.
The beneficial effects are that: the IFC data management system based on the semantic network technology supports the operations of inquiring, modifying, deleting and the like of IFC data. The user can manage the IFC data without understanding the format of the IFC data, and the utilization efficiency of the IFC data is improved. The method solves the query problem of the IFC data and the modification and deletion problems of the IFC data.
The IFC data is a text file and can be directly opened, but under the condition of unfamiliar with the IFC data format, the information contained in the IFC data is difficult to read, the IFC data is converted into the IFcOWL data, the data is queried by utilizing the technology of a semantic network, and the conditional query is supported. Because IFC data lacks legibility, direct modification of IFC data is difficult. The present invention converts IFC data into ifclowl data, but this process is unidirectional at present, and there is currently a lack of methods to convert ifclowl data into IFC data. The present invention proposes a method of assigning a unique identification number to each data to solve this problem, supporting modification and deletion of the data specified by the query.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an IFC data management system based on semantic network technology;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mapping of ifcBSplineCURVE;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of converting IFC to ifcOWL data;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an IFC data query method based on network semantic technology;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of an IFC data modification method based on network semantic technology;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an IFC data deletion method based on network semantic technology;
fig. 7 is a flow chart of the generation of file identification numbers in embodiment 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the conversion process of IFCDOOR;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of generating a query statement from query conditions in embodiment 2;
fig. 10 is a file identification number record table in embodiment 3;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the data before and after modification in example 3.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to an IFC data management system based on semantic technology, as shown in figure 1, which mainly comprises the following parts:
the IFC file reader reads the IFC data file into the memory, and the module dynamically allocates the memory according to the size of the IFC data file to improve the utilization rate of the memory.
And the IFC file outputter outputs the IFC data in the memory into file text with suffix of IFC.
3. And the data conversion module is used for converting the IFC data into ifcOWL data, wherein the ifcOWL data is a network ontology language description of the IFC data. The module comprises the following sub-modules, in particular:
an ifcOWL body (ontology), which is the formal expression of a set of concepts and their relationships in a specific field, and is generated by referring to an IFC Schema; table 1 shows the relationship between IFC Schema and ifcOWL Ontolog.
TABLE 1
The module records the mapping relation between the IFC standard and the ifcOWL body, and for any data type in the IFC Schema, the module has a corresponding type in the ifcOWL body. This mapping is illustrated in particular by the ifcbsplinecut example in fig. 2;
the IFC file recorder, the module generates a unique identification number according to the file name, the file creation time and the file size of the IFC file, and records the corresponding relation between the file and the identification number by utilizing a file identification number record table.
And the IFC-ifcOWL converter is connected with the IFC file reader to obtain the read IFC data, and the IFC data is converted into the ifcOWL data through the IFcOWL body and the IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library. In this process, to ensure bidirectional connection between the IFC data and the ifclowl data, a unique identifier is assigned to each piece of data in the IFC file, where the identifier specifically refers to the first eight bits of the identifier, and the ninth bit to the last bit are the IFC file identifiers generated by the IFC file recorder, and in the conversion process, the identifier is added to the corresponding ifclowl data to identify each piece of data.
And the ifcOWL data storage module is connected with the data conversion module and is used for efficiently storing the ifcOWL data converted from the IFC data. It should be noted that, if the data is newly added, modified, deleted, queried, etc., it is simply in text form, which is inefficient, TDB2 is a database for RDF (resource description framework) data storage and query, and supports all Jena APIs, TDB2 on a stand-alone device can be used for high-performance RDF storage, and the TDB2 database can be operated in the form of command line or Java API, where the ifclowl data is a type of RDF data, and the invention adopts TDB2 as a storage mode of the ifclowl, specifically, the data storage module is connected with the data conversion module, and accepts the converted ifclowl data, and stores it in the TDB2 database;
5. and the data query module is connected with the data storage module and provides a query function for stored data. The user can inquire without knowing the IFC format, and supports the self-defined inquiry condition, and the inquired result is filtered according to the condition. The data query module comprises the following sub-modules:
the invention adopts SPARQL language to inquire ifcOWL data to compose inquiry sentences, which stores the predefine inquiry sentences.
And the complete query statement generator is used for combining a predefined query statement library according to the specified query conditions to obtain a complete SPARQL query statement.
6. The data modification module comprises an ifcOWL data modifier and an IFC data modifier, wherein the ifcOWL data modifier is used for modifying one or more pieces of data appointed in the ifcOWL data, and the IFC data modifier is used for modifying one or more pieces of data appointed in the IFC data. The data modification module, the data query module and the data storage module are connected, data to be modified is obtained through query, then the ifcOWL data is modified through an API provided by Jena, and the IFC data is correspondingly modified.
The invention supports the modification of the queried data and generates a new modified IFC data file. After the IFC data is converted into ifcOWL data, the query operation is essentially the ifcOWL data which is obtained by conversion, the modification operation is to simultaneously act on the ifcOWL data and the original IFC data, specifically, the ifcOWL data is modified firstly, then the unique identification number of each piece of generated data is utilized to locate the position of the data to be modified in the original IFC data, and the value to be modified is replaced to finish the modification.
7. The data deleting module comprises an ifcOWL data deleting device and an IFC data deleting device, wherein the ifcOWL data modifying device is used for deleting one or more pieces of data appointed in the ifcOWL data, and the IFC data modifying device is used for deleting one or more pieces of data appointed in the IFC data. The invention supports deleting the appointed data from the IFC file on the basis of converting the IFC data into the ifcOWL data, and the deleting operation is similar to modifying, and is applied to the ifcOWL data and the original IFC data. Then analyze whether there is data associated with this piece of data only in this IFC data, if so, delete it together.
8. The user interaction module is used for providing a visual interaction interface comprising the functions of importing a specified IFC data file, selecting a query condition, displaying a query result, modifying specified data, deleting the specified data and displaying the system state.
The invention provides an IFC data management method based on a semantic network technology based on an IFC data management system based on the semantic network technology.
Step one, converting IFC to ifcOWL data, wherein the conversion method is shown in FIG. 3:
step 1.1, designating an IFC data file by using a user interaction module, and reading the IFC data file into a memory by using an IFC data file reading module;
the method comprises the steps that 1.2. A data conversion module converts IFC data into ifcOWL data, firstly, a unique identification number is created according to the name, the size and the creation time of an IFC data file and recorded in a file recorder, then, an IFC-ifcOWL data converter is utilized to convert the IFC data into the ifcOWL data by combining a body and an IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library, each piece of data has the identification number in the ifcOWL data, the identification number is generated by the converter, the first eight bits are the identification number of the piece of data in the IFC file, and the ninth bit to the last bit are the identification numbers of the IFC file generated by the IFC file recorder;
and 1.3, storing the ifcOWL data in a TDB2 database by using a data storage module.
Step two, displaying IFC data query based on network semantic technology, and FIG. 4 shows a query method, which comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, designating an IFC file to be queried at a user interaction module, and obtaining ifcOWL data stored in a TDB2 database based on the step one;
step 2.2, designating query conditions by using a user interaction module;
step 2.3, generating an SPARQL query statement with complete query by using a data query module according to the designated query conditions and combining a query statement library;
step 2.4, executing the generated SPARQL query statement on the specified ifcOWL data;
and 2.5, obtaining a query result and displaying the query result in a user interaction interface.
Step three, IFC data modification based on network semantic technology, fig. 5 shows the modification steps:
step 3.1, designating an IFC file to be modified in a user interaction module, and obtaining ifcOWL data stored in a TDB2 database based on the step one;
step 3.2. Specify the data to be modified and the new value (modified value) at the user interface;
step 3.3, utilizing a data modification module to modify the data, firstly judging whether the data needing to be modified exists or not based on the step two, if not, giving a result that the data does not exist at a user interaction interface, and if so, modifying the ifcOWL data through an API provided by Jena; and positioning the data to the position of the data in the IFC data according to the identification number of the data, and correspondingly modifying the IFC data.
Step four, IFC data deletion based on network semantic technology, fig. 6 shows the deletion step:
4.1. the method comprises the steps that an IFC file needing to delete certain data is appointed in a user interaction module, and based on the first step, ifcOWL data stored in a TDB2 database are obtained;
4.2. designating data to be deleted on a user interaction interface;
4.3. and (3) deleting the specified data by utilizing a data deleting module, firstly judging whether the data to be deleted exist or not based on the step (II), if the data to be deleted does not exist, giving a prompt for the data not to exist in a user interaction interface, if the data to be deleted exists, deleting the specified data to be deleted in the ifcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, deleting the data only associated with the deleted data, so that the ifcOWL data center does not have redundant data, positioning the data to the position in the IFC data according to the identification number of the queried data, correspondingly deleting the IFC data, and further deleting the data only related to the deleted data in the IFC data, thereby ensuring that the ifC data does not have redundant data.
Example 1 converting IFC data into ifcOWL data
Step 1, designating an IFC file in a user interaction module, wherein in the embodiment, the IFC file with a file name of demo.
Step 2, the IFC data is read into the memory by using an IFC data file reader;
step 3, converting the IFC data into ifcOWL data by using an IFC-ifcOWL data conversion module; the conversion process of this example of IFCDOOR is specifically illustrated in fig. 8 by converting IFC data into ifccowl data in conjunction with an IFC-ifccowl converter using an IFC file recorder which creates a unique file identification number 0001 based on the file name, file creation time, and file size of the demo;
and 4, storing the ifcOWL data in a TDB2 database by using a data storage module.
Example 2 query of IFC data based on semantic network technology
Step 1, obtaining ifcOWL data stored in a TDB2 database in the manner of example 1;
step 2, inquiring windows with the width smaller than 500 mm in the embodiment under the inquiry conditions appointed by the user interaction module;
step 3, as shown in fig. 9, the data query module generates a SPARQL query statement according to the designated query condition;
and 4, executing the query statement to obtain a query result, and displaying the query result in the user interaction module.
Example 3 modification of IFC data based on semantic network technology
Step 1, designating an IFC data file with a file name of demo.ifc at a user interaction module;
step 2, obtaining ifcOWL data stored in a TDB2 database in the manner of example 1;
step 3, the user interaction module designates the data to be modified and the new value, such as the height of the door named "M_single-door-wall 0915x 2134mm:303431", and the height is modified to 2000 mm.
Step 4, inquiring whether a door named as M_single fan-aligned with a wall 0915x 2134mm:303431 exists in the manner of embodiment 2, if not, prompting that the data does not exist, if so, modifying the TDB2 database by using an Apache Jena API, replacing the original value by using a new value, then inquiring the data identification number "000005310001", and finding the IFC file in which the data exists by using the ninth bit to the last bit as the file identification number and combining a file recorder, as shown in fig. 10, locating the position of the door to be modified in the IFC file by eight bits before the data identification number, replacing the original value by using the new value, and comparing before and after modification with that shown in fig. 11.
Embodiment 4 deletion of specified data in IFC data based on semantic network technology
Step 1, designating an IFC data file with a file name of demo.ifc at a user interaction module;
step 2, obtaining ifcOWL data stored in a TDB2 database in the manner of example 1;
step 3, designating data to be deleted in the user interaction module, wherein in the embodiment, walls with the height of more than two meters are required to be deleted;
and 4, inquiring whether a wall with a height of more than two meters exists in the mode of the embodiment 2, prompting that the data to be deleted does not exist, inquiring the data only related to the data to be deleted in the mode of the embodiment 2 if the wall does not exist, deleting the appointed data and the data only related to the data to be deleted in the TDB2 database by using the Apache Jena API, inquiring the data identification number, wherein the ninth bit to the last bit are file identification numbers, combining a file record table, positioning an IFC file where the data is located, deleting the data by positioning the position of the front eight bits of the data identification number in the IFC file at the position of the door to be deleted, and deleting the data only related to the data.
The IFC data management system based on the semantic network technology supports the operations of inquiring, modifying, deleting and the like of IFC data. The user can manage the IFC data without understanding the format of the IFC data, and the utilization efficiency of the IFC data is improved. The method solves the query problem of the IFC data and the modification and deletion problems of the IFC data.
The IFC data is a text file and can be directly opened, but under the condition of unfamiliar with the IFC data format, the information contained in the IFC data is difficult to read, the IFC data is converted into the IFcOWL data, the data is queried by utilizing the technology of a semantic network, and the conditional query is supported. Because IFC data lacks legibility, direct modification of IFC data is difficult. The present invention converts IFC data into ifclowl data, but this process is unidirectional at present, and there is currently a lack of methods to convert ifclowl data into IFC data. The present invention proposes a method of assigning a unique identification number to each data to solve this problem, supporting modification and deletion of the data specified by the query.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. An IFC data management system based on semantic network technology, comprising: the IFC file reader is used for reading the IFC data into the memory and creating a unique file identification number according to the file characteristics;
the IFC file output device is used for outputting the IFC data in the memory into a file with the suffix of IFC; the IFC-ifcOWL data conversion module is used for converting IFC data into ifcOWL data, converting the IFC data into ifcOWL data by combining the body and the IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library, wherein each piece of data has an identification number;
the ifcOWL data storage module is used for storing the ifcOWL data converted from the IFC data in the TDB2 database;
the data query module is used for querying the stored data;
the data modification module is used for modifying the ifcOWL data and one or more pieces of data appointed in the IFC data, modifying the existing ifcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the ifcOWL data to the position of the data in the IFC data according to the identification number of the data, and modifying the IFC data;
the data deleting module is used for deleting one or more pieces of data designated in the ifcOWL data and the IFC data, deleting the existing ifcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the ifcOWL data to the position of the data in the IFC data according to the identification number of the data, deleting the IFC data, and deleting only the data related to the deleted data in the ifcOWL data and the IFC data;
the user interaction module is used for providing a visual interaction interface comprising data import, selecting inquiry conditions, displaying inquiry results, modifying appointed data, deleting appointed data and displaying system states;
the data conversion module comprises an ifcOWL body, an IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library, an IFC file recorder and an IFC-ifcOWL converter;
the IFC data management method based on the semantic network technology comprises the following steps:
s1, an IFC data file is read into a memory, a unique file identification number is created according to file characteristics, IFC data is converted into ifcOWL data by combining a body and an IFC-ifcOWL mapping relation library, each piece of data has an identification number, and the ifcOWL data is stored in a TDB2 database;
s2.IfcOWL data query, wherein the specified query conditions are based on SPARQL sentences generated by executing on the ifcOWL data stored by the TDB2 data, and the results are displayed in a user interaction interface;
s3, modifying IFC data, namely designating an IFC file to be modified to obtain the IFcOWL data in S1, inquiring whether the data to be modified exists or not based on S2, modifying the existing IFcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the position of the data in the IFC data according to the identification number of the data, and modifying the IFC data;
s4, deleting IFC data, namely designating an IFC file to be deleted to obtain the IFcOWL data in S1, inquiring whether the data to be modified exists or not based on S2, deleting the existing IFcOWL data through an API provided by Jena, positioning the position of the data in the IFC data according to the identification number of the data, and deleting the IFC data;
the file characteristics in S1 comprise the name, the size and the creation time of the file;
in the step S2, an IFC file to be queried is designated in a user interaction module;
in the S2, adopting an SPARQL language to inquire ifc-OWL data, constructing an inquiry statement, and obtaining a complete SPARQL inquiry statement according to specified inquiry conditions;
and deleting the data which is only associated with the deleted data in the ifcOWL data and the IFC data in the S4.
2. The IFC data management system of claim 1, wherein the data query module includes a library of predefined query statement and a complete query statement generator.
3. The IFC data management system of claim 1, wherein the data modification module includes an IFC data modifier and an IFC data modifier.
4. The IFC data management system of claim 1, wherein the data deletion module includes an ifclowl data remover and an IFC data remover.
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