CN112558069B - EOC (equivalent error correction) method for image target compensation of fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar - Google Patents

EOC (equivalent error correction) method for image target compensation of fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar Download PDF

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CN112558069B
CN112558069B CN202011441285.4A CN202011441285A CN112558069B CN 112558069 B CN112558069 B CN 112558069B CN 202011441285 A CN202011441285 A CN 202011441285A CN 112558069 B CN112558069 B CN 112558069B
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compensation
angle
target
ellipticity
orientation angle
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CN112558069A (en
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陈皆红
林珲
马培峰
李佳馨
张红
王超
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Jiangxi Normal University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9094—Theoretical aspects

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radar, and discloses an EOC (object offset) method for image target compensation of a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar, which comprises the following steps of: inputting fully polarized data and expressing the data as a coherent matrix T; respectively solving an orientation angle psi and an ellipticity angle tau; simultaneously carrying out orientation angle compensation and ellipticity angle compensation on the coherent matrix T by utilizing the target orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau to obtain a compensated coherent matrix
Figure DDA0002830384400000011
Thereby thoroughly solving the problem that the target does not meet the symmetry of reflection. After compensation by the EOC method, the number of negative power pixels after decomposition can be effectively reduced.

Description

EOC (equivalent error correction) method for image target compensation of fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radars, in particular to an EOC (equivalent offset of aperture ratio) image target compensation method for a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar.
Background
Polarized synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) is an advanced earth observation synthetic aperture radar System (SAR). Compared with the traditional SAR, the polarized SAR greatly improves the acquisition capability of the scattering information of the ground target, and is one of the important directions of the development of the modern SAR. With the gradual and deep understanding of the theory of the polarized SAR and the continuous development of the SAR technology, the polarized SAR technology has been developed rapidly in the last decades. The polarization SAR is being widely and deeply applied in a plurality of fields such as land cover classification, surface feature parameter inversion, target identification, topographic mapping, city change monitoring, ocean monitoring and the like. One basic premise for the application of polarimetric SAR is the analysis of the polarization characteristics of the target. Target polarization decomposition is an important and commonly used target polarization characteristic analysis technique. The incoherent target polarization decomposition based on the model becomes an important branch of the target polarization decomposition due to simple operation and clear physical significance. In recent years, model-based incoherent target polarization decomposition has attracted extensive attention, attracts the attention of a large number of researchers, and has become a research hotspot and difficulty in the field of target polarization decomposition and polarized SAR.
Due to the fact that coupling exists between the same-polarization elements and the cross-polarization elements of the target scattering matrix, application problems of subsequent classification, change detection, decomposition and the like exist. The invention mainly solves the coupling of the same polarization and the cross polarization in the polarization scattering matrix, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent application.
The invention mainly solves the coupling problem between the homopolarization component and the cross-polarization component in the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar image. In polarized synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR), the target exhibits a varying polarization on the polarized electromagnetic wave upon scattering, causing the elements of the scattering matrix of the target to couple with the horizontal-vertical polarization (HV) scattering coefficients in the conventional horizontal-horizontal polarization (HH), vertical-vertical polarization (VV) scattering coefficients.
After the existing model-based incoherent target polarization decomposition method is decomposed, negative power always appears in a pixel, which means that the scattered echo power of a target is negative and unreasonable. One of the reasons for the appearance of negative power pixels based on model incoherent target polarization decomposition is that the target does not satisfy the reflection symmetry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for compensating EOC of a full-polarization synthetic aperture radar image target, which thoroughly solves the problem that the target does not meet the reflection symmetry and can effectively reduce the number of negative power pixels after decomposition.
The invention provides a method for compensating an EOC (Ethernet over coax) of an image target of a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, inputting full polarization data and representing the full polarization data as a coherent matrix T;
Figure GDA0004119030360000021
s2, respectively solving an initial value psi of the orientation angle from the formula (2) and the formula (3) 0 And initial value of ellipticity angle τ 0 Let I m ＝100、ψ m ＝ψ 0 And τ m ＝τ 0 ；
Figure GDA0004119030360000022
Figure GDA0004119030360000023
Wherein, tan -1 Is an arc tangent function of four quadrants, and Re and Im respectively represent the real part and the imaginary part of a complex number, and the factor in front of the formula
Figure GDA0004119030360000024
So that the found target orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ are defined at [ - π/4, π/4]；
S3, determining the target orientation angle
Figure GDA0004119030360000031
Ellipticity angle>
Figure GDA0004119030360000032
Meanwhile, target compensation is carried out on the coherent matrix T by using the target orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau at the same time, and the compensated coherent matrix T is obtained;
s4, calculating
Figure GDA0004119030360000033
S5, comparing I and I m If I < I m Then order psi m ＝ψ，τ m ＝τ，
Figure GDA0004119030360000034
S6, determining the target orientation angle
Figure GDA0004119030360000035
And the ellipse ratio angle->
Figure GDA0004119030360000036
When the traversal is finished, the psi is output m 、τ m And &>
Figure GDA0004119030360000037
Otherwise, executing S3-S5 until the traversal is finished.
The specific steps of performing the target compensation on the coherent matrix T by using the target orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ in S3 above to obtain the compensated coherent matrix T are as follows:
s31, respectively carrying out target compensation on the coherent matrix by using the target orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau as follows:
Figure GDA0004119030360000038
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure GDA0004119030360000039
Figure GDA00041190303600000310
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA00041190303600000311
after the orientation angle and the ellipticity angle of the coherence matrix are compensated, the corresponding element is equal to 0, that is:
Figure GDA00041190303600000312
Figure GDA00041190303600000313
s32, simultaneously carrying out orientation angle compensation and ellipticity angle compensation on the coherent matrix to obtain a compensated coherent matrix
Figure GDA00041190303600000314
Wherein, U 3 (ψ，τ)＝U 3 (ψ)U 3 (τ), the coherence matrix after compensation->
Figure GDA0004119030360000043
The elements satisfy:
Figure GDA0004119030360000041
or:
Figure GDA0004119030360000042
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides EOC compensation aiming at a coherence matrix, namely simultaneously performing orientation angle compensation (orientation compensation) and ellipticity angle compensation (ellipticity angle compensation) from two elements of polarization and ellipticity angle of an object on an electromagnetic wave, thereby thoroughly solving the problem that the object does not meet the reflection symmetry. The EOC target compensation can effectively reduce the number of negative power pixels that appear after the model-based polarization decomposition compared to the result without the EOC target compensation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for compensating for EOC in an image target of a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a specific flow chart of the method for compensating for EOC in an image target of a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-2, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
For the input fully polarized data, it can be expressed in the form of a coherence matrix:
Figure GDA0004119030360000051
the elements of the formula of the coherence matrix (1) are used to find the corresponding orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ by the formulas (2) to (3).
Figure GDA0004119030360000052
Figure GDA0004119030360000053
Wherein, tan -1 Is the arctangent function of the four quadrants. Re and Im respectively represent the real part and the imaginary part of the complex number. Due to the factor preceding the formula
Figure GDA0004119030360000054
So that the found target orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ are defined at [ - π/4, π/4]. The two angles are used to perform target compensation on the coherent matrix, and the compensation formulas are as follows (4) - (5). />
Figure GDA0004119030360000055
Figure GDA0004119030360000056
After the orientation angle and the ellipticity angle are performed on the coherent matrix, the corresponding element is equal to 0, namely:
Figure GDA0004119030360000057
Figure GDA0004119030360000058
if the orientation angle compensation and the ellipticity angle compensation are simultaneously carried out on the coherent matrix, the EOC method is the EOC method of the invention, namely:
Figure GDA0004119030360000059
wherein, U 3 (ψ，τ)＝U 3 (ψ)U 3 (τ) (8)
Or:
Figure GDA0004119030360000061
after EOC compensation
Figure GDA0004119030360000062
The elements satisfy:
Figure GDA0004119030360000063
therefore, the flow of the EOC target compensation is as shown in FIG. 1.
2. EOC target Compensation step
For EOC compensation, the sum of the elements of the corresponding coherence matrix is minimized, i.e.: (11) formula.
Figure GDA0004119030360000064
Since the orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ are solved by coupling, the target compensation cannot be directly performed by using the solved values of expressions (2) and (3). To achieve the EOC target compensation, the EOC target compensation may be achieved by a traversal method.
Step 1: respectively solving the initial orientation angle from (2) and (3)The value psi 0 And initial value of ellipticity angle τ 0 And order I m ＝100，ψ m ＝ψ 0 And τ m ＝τ 0 ，
Figure GDA0004119030360000065
Step 2: in that
Figure GDA0004119030360000066
And an initial value of the ellipticity angle>
Figure GDA0004119030360000067
The orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau are traversed.
And step 3: based on the orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau, the full polarization data is compensated by using the formula (9), and the calculation is carried out
Figure GDA0004119030360000068
And 4, step 4: comparing I and I m If I < I m Then order psi m = ψ and τ m ＝τ，
Figure GDA0004119030360000069
And returning to the step 2 until the traversal is finished.
And 5: output psi m 、τ m And
Figure GDA00041190303600000610
the EOC target compensation flow is shown in FIG. 2.
The invention provides EOC compensation aiming at a coherent matrix from two elements of orientation angles and ellipticity angles of a target for changing polarization and polarizing electromagnetic waves, namely simultaneously performing orientation angle compensation and ellipticity angle compensation, thereby thoroughly solving the problem that the target does not meet reflection symmetry. The EOC target compensation can effectively reduce the number of negative power pixels occurring after the model-based polarization decomposition compared to the result without the EOC target compensation.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The EOC (object offset) method for the image target of the fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, inputting full polarization data and expressing the data as a coherent matrix T;
Figure FDA0004119030330000011
s2, respectively solving the initial value psi of the orientation angle by the formula (2) and the formula (3) 0 And initial value of ellipticity angle τ 0 Let I m ＝100、ψ m ＝ψ 0 And tau and m ＝τ 0 ；
Figure FDA0004119030330000012
Figure FDA0004119030330000013
wherein, tan -1 Is an arc tangent function of four quadrants, and Re and Im respectively represent the real part and the imaginary part of a complex number, and the factor in front of the formula
Figure FDA0004119030330000014
So that the found target orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ are defined at [ - π/4, π/4]；
S3, when the target orientation angle
Figure FDA0004119030330000015
Ellipticity angle>
Figure FDA0004119030330000016
During the pass, the target orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau are used for simultaneously carrying out target compensation on the coherence matrix T to obtain a compensated coherence matrix->
Figure FDA0004119030330000017
S4, calculating
Figure FDA0004119030330000018
S5, comparing I and I m If I < I m Then order psi m ＝ψ，τ m ＝τ，
Figure FDA0004119030330000019
S6, determining the target orientation angle
Figure FDA00041190303300000110
And ellipticity angle>
Figure FDA00041190303300000111
When the traversal is finished, the psi is output m 、τ m And &>
Figure FDA0004119030330000021
Otherwise, executing S3-S5 until the traversal is finished.
2. The method for object compensation EOC of fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar image according to claim 1, wherein the step of simultaneously performing the object compensation on the coherence matrix T by using the object orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ in S3 to obtain the compensated coherence matrix T comprises the following steps:
s31, respectively carrying out target compensation on the coherent matrix by using the target orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau as follows:
Figure FDA0004119030330000022
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0004119030330000023
/>
Figure FDA0004119030330000024
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0004119030330000025
after the orientation angle and the ellipticity angle of the coherence matrix are compensated, the corresponding element is equal to 0, that is:
Figure FDA0004119030330000026
Figure FDA0004119030330000027
s32, simultaneously carrying out orientation angle compensation and ellipticity angle compensation on the coherent matrix to obtain a compensated coherent matrix
Figure FDA0004119030330000028
Wherein, U 3 (ψ，τ)＝U 3 (ψ)U 3 (τ), the coherence matrix after compensation->
Figure FDA0004119030330000029
The elements satisfy:
Figure FDA00041190303300000210
or:
Figure FDA00041190303300000211
/>
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