CN112558069A - EOC (equivalent error correction) method for image target compensation of fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar - Google Patents

EOC (equivalent error correction) method for image target compensation of fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar Download PDF

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CN112558069A
CN112558069A CN202011441285.4A CN202011441285A CN112558069A CN 112558069 A CN112558069 A CN 112558069A CN 202011441285 A CN202011441285 A CN 202011441285A CN 112558069 A CN112558069 A CN 112558069A
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angle
compensation
target
ellipticity
orientation angle
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陈皆红
林珲
马培峰
李佳馨
张红
王超
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Jiangxi Normal University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
    • G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of radar, and discloses an EOC (object offset) method for image target compensation of a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar, which comprises the following steps of: inputting fully polarized data and expressing the data as a coherent matrix T; respectively solving an orientation angle psi and an ellipticity angle tau; simultaneously carrying out orientation angle compensation and ellipticity angle compensation on the coherent matrix T by utilizing the target orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau to obtain a compensated coherent matrix
Figure DDA0002830384400000011
Thereby thoroughly solving the problem that the target does not meet the symmetry of reflection. After compensation by the EOC method, the number of negative power pixels after decomposition can be effectively reduced.

Description

EOC (equivalent error correction) method for image target compensation of fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar, in particular to an EOC (equivalent object distance) image target compensation method for a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar.
Background
Polarized synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) is an advanced earth observation synthetic aperture radar System (SAR). Compared with the traditional SAR, the polarized SAR greatly improves the acquisition capability of the scattering information of the ground target, and is one of the important directions of the development of the modern SAR. With the gradual and deep understanding of the theory of the polarized SAR and the continuous development of the SAR technology, the polarized SAR technology has been developed rapidly in the last decades. The polarization SAR is being widely and deeply applied in a plurality of fields such as land cover classification, surface feature parameter inversion, target identification, topographic mapping, city change monitoring, ocean monitoring and the like. One basic premise for the application of polarized SAR is to analyze the polarization characteristics of the target. Target polarization decomposition is an important and commonly used target polarization characteristic analysis technique. The model-based incoherent target polarization decomposition becomes an important branch of the target polarization decomposition due to simple operation and clear physical significance. In recent years, model-based incoherent target polarization decomposition has attracted extensive attention, attracts the attention of a large number of researchers, and has become a research hotspot and difficulty in the field of target polarization decomposition and polarized SAR.
Due to the fact that coupling exists between the same-polarization elements and the cross-polarization elements of the target scattering matrix, application problems of subsequent classification, change detection, decomposition and the like exist. The invention mainly solves the coupling of the same polarization and the cross polarization in the polarization scattering matrix, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent application.
The invention mainly solves the coupling problem between the homopolarity component and the cross-polarization component in the polarimetric synthetic aperture radar image. In polarized synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR), the target exhibits a varying polarization on the polarized electromagnetic wave upon scattering, causing the elements of the scattering matrix of the target to couple with the horizontal-vertical polarization (HV) scattering coefficients in the conventional horizontal-horizontal polarization (HH), vertical-vertical polarization (VV) scattering coefficients.
After the existing model-based incoherent target polarization decomposition method is decomposed, negative power always appears in a pixel, which means that the scattered echo power of a target is negative and unreasonable. One of the reasons for the appearance of negative power pixels based on model incoherent target polarization decomposition is that the target does not satisfy the reflection symmetry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for compensating EOC of a full-polarization synthetic aperture radar image target, which thoroughly solves the problem that the target does not meet the reflection symmetry and can effectively reduce the number of negative power pixels after decomposition.
The invention provides a method for compensating an EOC (Ethernet over coax) of an image target of a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, inputting fully polarized data and expressing the fully polarized data as a coherent matrix T;
Figure BDA0002830384380000021
s2, respectively solving the initial value psi of the orientation angle from the formulas (2) and (3)0And initial value of ellipticity angle τ0Let Im＝100、ψm＝ψ0And τm＝τ0；
Figure BDA0002830384380000022
Figure BDA0002830384380000031
Wherein, tan-1Is an arc tangent function of four quadrants, and Re and Im respectively represent the real part and the imaginary part of a complex number, and the factor in front of the formula
Figure BDA0002830384380000032
So that the found target orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ are defined at [ - π/4, π/4]；
S3, determining the target orientation angle
Figure BDA0002830384380000033
Angle of ellipticity
Figure BDA0002830384380000034
Figure BDA0002830384380000035
Using the target orientation anglePsi and ellipticity angle tau simultaneously carry out target compensation on the coherent matrix T to obtain a compensated coherent matrix
Figure BDA0002830384380000036
S4, calculating
Figure BDA0002830384380000037
S5, comparison of I and ImIf I < ImThen order psim＝ψ，τm＝τ，
Figure BDA0002830384380000038
S6, determining the target orientation angle
Figure BDA0002830384380000039
And angle of ellipticity
Figure BDA00028303843800000310
Figure BDA00028303843800000311
When the traversal is finished, the psi is outputm、τmAnd
Figure BDA00028303843800000312
otherwise, executing S3-S5 until the traversal is finished.
In the above S3, the coherent matrix T is simultaneously subjected to the target compensation by using the target orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ to obtain the compensated coherent matrix
Figure BDA00028303843800000313
The method comprises the following specific steps:
s31, performing target compensation on the coherence matrix by using the target orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ respectively as follows:
Figure BDA00028303843800000314
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002830384380000041
Figure BDA0002830384380000042
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002830384380000043
after the orientation angle and the ellipticity angle of the coherence matrix are compensated, the corresponding element is equal to 0, that is:
Figure BDA0002830384380000044
Figure BDA0002830384380000045
s32, simultaneously carrying out orientation angle compensation and ellipticity angle compensation on the coherent matrix to obtain the compensated coherent matrix
Figure BDA0002830384380000046
Wherein, U3(ψ，τ)＝U3(ψ)U3(τ), coherent matrix after Compensation
Figure BDA0002830384380000047
The elements satisfy:
Figure BDA0002830384380000048
or:
Figure BDA0002830384380000049
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides EOC compensation aiming at a coherence matrix, namely simultaneously performing orientation angle compensation (orientation compensation) and ellipticity angle compensation (ellipticity angle compensation) from two elements of polarization and ellipticity angle of an object on an electromagnetic wave, thereby thoroughly solving the problem that the object does not meet the reflection symmetry. The EOC target compensation can effectively reduce the number of negative power pixels occurring after the model-based polarization decomposition compared to the result without the EOC target compensation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for compensating an EOC for an image target of a fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a specific flow chart of the method for compensating for EOC in the image target of the fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-2, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment.
For the input fully polarized data, it can be expressed in the form of a coherence matrix:
Figure BDA0002830384380000051
the elements of the formula of the coherence matrix (1) are used to find the corresponding orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ by the formulas (2) to (3).
Figure BDA0002830384380000052
Figure BDA0002830384380000053
Wherein, tan-1Is the arctangent function of the four quadrants. Re and Im respectively represent the real part and the imaginary part of the complex number. Due to the factor preceding the formula
Figure BDA0002830384380000061
So that the found target orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ are defined at [ - π/4, π/4]. The two angles are used to perform target compensation on the coherence matrix, and the compensation formulas are as follows (4) - (5).
Figure BDA0002830384380000062
Wherein
Figure BDA0002830384380000063
Figure BDA0002830384380000064
Wherein
Figure BDA0002830384380000065
After the orientation angle and the ellipticity angle are performed on the coherent matrix, the corresponding element is equal to 0, namely:
Figure BDA0002830384380000066
Figure BDA0002830384380000067
if the orientation angle compensation and the ellipticity angle compensation are simultaneously carried out on the coherent matrix, the EOC method is the EOC method of the invention, namely:
Figure BDA0002830384380000068
wherein, U3(ψ，τ)＝U3(ψ)U3(τ) (8)
Or:
Figure BDA0002830384380000069
after EOC compensation
Figure BDA00028303843800000610
The elements satisfy:
Figure BDA00028303843800000611
therefore, the flow of the EOC target compensation is as shown in FIG. 1.
Second, EOC target compensation step
For EOC compensation, the sum of the elements of the corresponding coherence matrix is minimized, i.e.: (11) formula (II) is shown.
Figure BDA0002830384380000071
Since the orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ are solved by the coupling, the target compensation cannot be directly performed by the solution values of equations (2) and (3). To achieve the EOC target compensation, the EOC target compensation may be achieved by a traversal method.
Step 1: the initial value psi of the orientation angle is obtained from (2) and (3) respectively0And initial value of ellipticity angle τ0And order Im＝100，ψm＝ψ0And τm＝τ0，
Figure BDA0002830384380000072
Step 2: in that
Figure BDA0002830384380000073
And initial value of ellipticity angle
Figure BDA0002830384380000074
The orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau are traversed.
And step 3: based on the orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau, the full polarization data is compensated by using the formula (9), and the calculation is carried out
Figure BDA0002830384380000075
And 4, step 4: comparing I and ImIf I < ImThen order psimPsi and taum＝τ，
Figure BDA0002830384380000076
And returning to the step 2 until the traversal is finished.
And 5: output psim、τmAnd
Figure BDA0002830384380000077
the EOC target compensation flow is shown in FIG. 2.
The invention provides EOC compensation aiming at a coherence matrix, namely simultaneously performing orientation angle compensation (orientation compensation) and ellipticity angle compensation (ellipticity angle compensation) from two elements of polarization and ellipticity angle of an object on an electromagnetic wave, thereby thoroughly solving the problem that the object does not meet the reflection symmetry. The EOC target compensation can effectively reduce the number of negative power pixels occurring after the model-based polarization decomposition compared to the result without the EOC target compensation.
The above disclosure is only for a few specific embodiments of the present invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The EOC method for image target compensation of the fully-polarized synthetic aperture radar is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, inputting fully polarized data and expressing the fully polarized data as a coherent matrix T;
Figure FDA0002830384370000011
s2, respectively solving the initial value psi of the orientation angle from the formulas (2) and (3)0And initial value of ellipticity angle τ0Let Im＝100、ψm＝ψ0And τm＝τ0；
Figure FDA0002830384370000012
Figure FDA0002830384370000013
Wherein, tan-1Is an arc tangent function of four quadrants, and Re and Im respectively represent the real part and the imaginary part of a complex number, and the factor in front of the formula
Figure FDA00028303843700000110
So that the found target orientation angle ψ and ellipticity angle τ are defined at [ - π/4, π/4]；
S3, determining the target orientation angle
Figure FDA0002830384370000014
Angle of ellipticity
Figure FDA0002830384370000015
Figure FDA0002830384370000016
During the process, the target orientation angle psi and the ellipticity angle tau are used for simultaneously carrying out target compensation on the coherent matrix T to obtain a compensated coherent matrix
Figure FDA0002830384370000017
S4, calculating
Figure FDA0002830384370000018
S5, comparison of I and ImIf I < ImThen order psim＝ψ，τm＝τ，
Figure FDA0002830384370000019
S6, determining the target orientation angle
Figure FDA0002830384370000021
And angle of ellipticity
Figure FDA0002830384370000022
Figure FDA0002830384370000023
When the traversal is finished, the psi is outputm、τmAnd
Figure FDA0002830384370000024
otherwise, executing S3-S5 until the traversal is finished.
2. The method for object compensation EOC of full-polarization synthetic aperture radar image of claim 1, wherein the coherent matrix T is simultaneously object-compensated by the object orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ in S3 to obtain the compensated coherent matrix
Figure FDA0002830384370000025
The method comprises the following specific steps:
s31, performing target compensation on the coherence matrix by using the target orientation angle ψ and the ellipticity angle τ respectively as follows:
Figure FDA0002830384370000026
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002830384370000027
Figure FDA0002830384370000028
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002830384370000029
after the orientation angle and the ellipticity angle of the coherence matrix are compensated, the corresponding element is equal to 0, that is:
Figure FDA00028303843700000210
Figure FDA00028303843700000211
s32, simultaneously carrying out orientation angle compensation and ellipticity angle compensation on the coherent matrix to obtain the compensated coherent matrix
Figure FDA0002830384370000031
Wherein, U3(ψ，τ)＝U3(ψ)U3(τ), coherent matrix after Compensation
Figure FDA0002830384370000032
The elements satisfy:
Figure FDA0002830384370000033
or:
Figure FDA0002830384370000034
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