CN112557845B - Capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method - Google Patents
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- CN112557845B CN112557845B CN202011363826.6A CN202011363826A CN112557845B CN 112557845 B CN112557845 B CN 112557845B CN 202011363826 A CN202011363826 A CN 202011363826A CN 112557845 B CN112557845 B CN 112557845B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method, which relates to the field of maintenance tests of primary high-voltage equipment of a converter station/transformer substation. The method can be widely applied to the quick positioning of the partial discharge of the delivery test and the diagnostic test of the capacitive sleeve, is convenient for manufacturing units and user units to search the reason of the partial discharge and make process improvement and maintenance strategies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of maintenance tests of high-voltage primary equipment of a converter station/transformer substation, in particular to a capacitor type bushing local discharge positioning method.
Background
After the harmful partial discharge of the capacitive sleeve occurs, further deterioration may cause the breakdown of the capacitive screen of the sleeve one by one and develop into a main insulation breakdown fault. In order to avoid breakdown failure in the operation of the capacitive bushing, GB/T4109-2008 insulating bushing with high AC voltage and 1000V stipulates that the bushing passes a partial discharge test under AC voltage before leaving factory, and the partial discharge quantity under 1.5 Um/V3 is required to be less than 10 pC. In recent years, with improvement and promotion of a winding and dipping process of a sleeve capacitor core, the control level of local discharge in the sleeve is improved, and oil paper capacitor sleeves or glue-dipped paper capacitor sleeve products of mature sleeve manufacturers only show background local discharge of a test loop under a local discharge test voltage.
Under the conditions that the oil paper capacitor bushing or the glue-impregnated paper bushing is incompletely impregnated, the material is improperly selected, and the cleanliness of an operation space does not meet the requirement, air gaps, holes, impurities and the like exist in a bushing capacitor core, partial discharge may occur under the action of alternating voltage, and the bushing fails a factory test. In 2015, partial discharge exceeding-standard events 5 commonly occur in 500kV and more voltage-class sleeves used in converter stations of power grid companies in south China in a factory test link, and mainly include the conditions that partial discharge exceeds standard due to impurities in oil-immersed sleeve capacitor cores, partial discharge exceeds standard due to insufficient impregnation after raw materials are replaced in glue-impregnated paper capacitor sleeves, partial discharge exceeds standard after the glue-impregnated paper capacitor sleeve capacitor cores are mechanically damaged, and the like.
The sleeve is different from a transformer and GIS equipment, and has no grounding protection shell, so that the local discharge signals in the sleeve cannot be tested in real time and the position of the local discharge can be determined in the modes of ultrasound, ultrahigh frequency signal monitoring and the like, and the fault position is difficult to be positioned through the test local discharge waveform.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method, which comprises the steps of calculating the initial electrical position of partial discharge in a bushing by using the difference of partial discharge signals received by terminals of different electrical nodes in a circuit and adopting an algorithm according to the total capacitance of the capacitive bushing and the distribution value of capacitance among screens, and inferring the initial physical position of partial discharge in the bushing according to the arrangement structure of a capacitive screen of the bushing. The method can be widely applied to the quick positioning of the partial discharge of the delivery test and the diagnostic test of the capacitive sleeve, is convenient for a manufacturing unit and a user unit to search the reason of the partial discharge and make process improvement and maintenance strategies.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the main capacitance Cx1, the end screen or sub end screen to ground capacitance Cx2, the capacitance C2 of the first coupling capacitor C1 and the second coupling capacitor of the capacitive bushing to be tested;
step 2: two paths of partial discharge test impedance devices are connected to the tail screen or the secondary tail screen of the capacitive bushing and the outlet terminal of the coupling capacitor;
and step 3: applying square wave signals to a wiring terminal of the capacitive bushing, testing the square wave signals at the output ends of the two partial discharge testing impedance devices, calibrating the partial discharge testing impedance device connected with the end screen or the secondary end screen of the capacitive bushing to output the square waves as a fixed value, and recording the amplitude and the proportion of the two square wave signals;
and 4, step 4: applying a voltage signal to a wiring terminal of the capacitive bushing, and respectively measuring the amplitude and the proportion of two paths of square wave signals at the last screen or the second last screen of the capacitive bushing and the outlet terminal of the coupling capacitor at different stages in the partial discharge process;
and 5: obtaining the initial electrical position of partial discharge in the sleeve according to the amplitude and the proportion of the two square wave signals recorded when the square wave signals are applied and the voltage signals are applied; and according to the arrangement structure of the capacitive sleeve, the initial physical position of the partial discharge in the capacitive sleeve.
The partial discharge positioning method for the capacitive bushing further includes, in step 4: the different stages in the partial discharge process comprise:
the first stage is as follows: the alternating current booster circuit outputs voltage to the beginning of partial discharge of the capacitive sleeve, and the voltage is continuously increased for 10min until the partial discharge is stable;
and a second stage: continuously boosting the voltage to 80% of the rated voltage of the capacitive bushing, and continuously boosting the voltage for 10min until the partial discharge is stable, wherein the partial discharge amount monitored at the last screen or the next last screen of the bushing is not more than 500 pC;
and a third stage: slowly reducing the pressure until the partial discharge is extinguished.
The partial discharge positioning method for the capacitive bushing further includes, in step 5:
the impedance CD1 of the last or second last screen, the impedance CD2 of the second coupling capacitor, wherein,
when the square wave signal is applied, the ratio K1 of the impedance CD1 to the CD2 signal, Cm is the impedance capacitance of the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor,
when a voltage signal is applied, the ratio of the impedance CD1 to the signal CD2, K2, Cm is the impedance capacitance of CD1 and CD2,
since CX1 is series connection of Cx11 and Cx12, the compound can be obtained
Solving Cx11 and Cx 12; and according to the design parameters of the bushing capacitor core, the physical positions of the distribution of Cx11 and Cx12 are obtained, and the occurrence position of partial discharge is determined.
In the method for positioning the partial discharge of the capacitive bushing, if the partial discharge test signal includes a larger pulse peak value, the pulse peak value ratio of the two signals and the amplitude and ratio of the dense discharge signal should be compared.
In the partial discharge positioning method for the capacitive bushing, the last screen or the second last screen of the capacitive bushing and the capacitor tap of the accompanying test article are both connected with the partial discharge test impedance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional partial discharge positioning, the method considers the capacitance distribution between screens of the insulation structure of the capacitive bushing. Compared with the partial discharge positioning method of the transformer and the GIS equipment, the design method can utilize the partial discharge signal difference received by the terminals of different electrical nodes in the circuit, calculate the initial electrical position of the partial discharge in the sleeve by adopting an algorithm according to the total capacitance of the capacitive sleeve and the capacitance distribution value between screens, and estimate the initial physical position of the partial discharge in the sleeve according to the arrangement structure of the capacitive screen of the sleeve without arranging a sensor and a probe on the sleeve body. In addition, compared with partial discharge positioning methods such as ultraviolet imaging and ultrasonic detection, the design method can effectively determine the position of the capacitive screen with partial discharge in the sleeve for the same capacitive sleeve type equipment.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning circuit according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another circuit diagram of the capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the partial discharge positioning algorithm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example (b):
it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning circuit according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a flow chart of the partial discharge localization algorithm of the present invention.
The invention provides a capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method, which utilizes the difference of partial discharge signals received by terminals of different electrical nodes in a circuit, calculates the initial electrical position of partial discharge in a bushing by adopting an algorithm according to the total capacitance of a capacitive bushing and the distribution value of capacitance between screens, and conjectures the initial physical position of partial discharge in the bushing according to the arrangement structure of a capacitive screen of the bushing. The method can be widely applied to the quick positioning of the partial discharge of the delivery test and the diagnostic test of the capacitive sleeve, is convenient for manufacturing units and user units to search the cause of the partial discharge and make process improvement and maintenance strategies.
A capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method comprises the following steps:
step 1: measuring the main capacitance Cx1, the end screen or sub end screen to ground capacitance Cx2, the capacitance C2 of the first coupling capacitor C1 and the second coupling capacitor of the capacitive bushing to be tested;
step 2: two paths of partial discharge test impedance devices are connected to the tail screen or the secondary tail screen of the capacitive bushing and the outlet terminal of the coupling capacitor;
and step 3: applying square wave signals to a wiring terminal of the capacitive bushing, testing the square wave signals at the output ends of the two partial discharge testing impedance devices, calibrating the partial discharge testing impedance device connected with the end screen or the secondary end screen of the capacitive bushing to output the square waves as a fixed value, and recording the amplitude and the proportion of the two square wave signals;
and 4, step 4: applying a voltage signal to a wiring terminal of the capacitive bushing, and respectively measuring the amplitude and the proportion of two paths of square wave signals at the last screen or the second last screen of the capacitive bushing and the outlet terminal of the coupling capacitor at different stages in the partial discharge process;
and 5: obtaining the initial electrical position of partial discharge in the sleeve according to the amplitude and the proportion of the two square wave signals recorded when the square wave signals are applied and the voltage signals are applied; and according to the arrangement structure of the capacitive sleeve, the initial physical position of the partial discharge in the capacitive sleeve.
As an alternative implementation, in certain embodiments, in step 4: the different stages in the partial discharge process comprise:
the first stage is as follows: the alternating current booster circuit outputs voltage to the beginning of partial discharge of the capacitive sleeve, and the voltage is continuously increased for 10min until the partial discharge is stable;
and a second stage: continuously boosting the voltage to 80% of the rated voltage of the capacitive bushing, and continuously boosting the voltage for 10min until the partial discharge is stable, wherein the partial discharge amount monitored at the last screen or the next last screen of the bushing is not more than 500 pC;
and a third stage: slowly reducing the pressure until the partial discharge is extinguished.
As an alternative implementation, in certain embodiments, in step 5:
the impedance CD1 of the last or second last screen, the impedance CD2 of the second coupling capacitor, wherein,
when the square wave signal is applied, the ratio K1 of the impedance CD1 to the CD2 signal, Cm is the impedance capacitance of the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor,
when a voltage signal is applied, the ratio of the impedance CD1 to the signal CD2, K2, Cm is the impedance capacitance of CD1 and CD2,
since CX1 is series connection of Cx11 and Cx12, the compound can be obtained
Solving Cx11 and Cx 12; and according to the design parameters of the bushing capacitor core, the physical positions of the distribution of Cx11 and Cx12 are obtained, and the occurrence position of partial discharge is determined.
As an alternative implementation manner, in some embodiments, if the partial discharge test signal includes a larger pulse peak value, the pulse peak value ratio of the two signals and the amplitude and ratio of the dense discharge signal should be compared, respectively.
As an optional implementation manner, in some embodiments, the last screen or the second last screen of the capacitive sleeve and the capacitor tap of the test object are both connected to the partial discharge test impedance.
In specific implementation, the method can comprise the following steps:
s1: the main capacitance Cx1 of the test condenser bushing is 1293pF, the end screen to ground capacitance Cx2 is 2447pF, the test coupling capacitor C1 — 666pF, C2 — 300 uF;
s2: connecting the capacitive bushing test sample, the alternating current booster circuit, the coupling capacitor circuit and the voltage measuring circuit; two partial discharge test impedance devices are connected to the terminal of the coupling capacitor outlet at the end screen or the secondary end screen of the capacitive bushing;
s3: applying square wave signals at a connecting terminal of the capacitive bushing, testing the square wave signals at the output ends of the two partial discharge testing impedance devices, calibrating the partial discharge testing impedance device connected with the end screen or the secondary end screen of the capacitive bushing to output the square waves as a fixed value, recording the amplitude and the proportion of the two square wave signals, and calibrating the partial discharge at the end screen of the bushing to be 10 pC; the partial discharge at the coupling capacitor is 4.2pC, and k1 is 2.4;
S4：
s401, the alternating current booster circuit outputs voltage to the beginning of partial discharge of the capacitive sleeve, and the voltage is continuously increased for 10min until the partial discharge is stable;
s402, recording the amplitude and the proportion of the test signals at the output end of the two partial discharge test impedance devices; if the partial discharge test signal contains a larger pulse peak value, the pulse peak value proportion of the two paths of signals and the amplitude and proportion of the dense discharge signal are respectively compared;
s403, continuously boosting the voltage to 80% of the rated voltage of the capacitive bushing, continuously boosting the voltage for 10min until the partial discharge quantity monitored at the end screen or the secondary end screen of the bushing does not exceed 500pC, repeating the step four (2), wherein the partial discharge quantity tested by the impedance box at the end screen of the bushing is 130pC, the partial discharge quantity tested by the impedance box at the coupling capacitor is 32pC, and k2 is 4;
and S404, slowly reducing the voltage until the partial discharge is extinguished, and recording the amplitude and the proportion of the test signals at the output ends of the two partial discharge test impedance devices.
S405, calculating the amplitude and the proportion of the pulse peak values of the two paths of signals according to the graph 2 to obtain the position of the capacitive screen at the beginning of partial discharge. The calculation results show that k1 is 2.4, k2 is 4, and simultaneous Cx11// Cx12 is Cx1 is 1293pF, Cx11 is 2040pF, and Cx12 is 3531 pF.
S406, according to the design of the bushing capacitive screen, the capacitive bushing has a total screen size of 25, and the partial discharge starting position is near the 10 th whole screen from inside to outside.
The main technical innovation content of the invention comprises:
1. a capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method based on partial discharge amplitude signal difference is provided.
2. The principle of the method is that the initial electric position of partial discharge in the sleeve is calculated according to the total capacitance of the capacitive sleeve and the distribution value of capacitance between screens by using the difference of partial discharge signals received by terminals of different electric nodes in a circuit.
3. And calculating the initial physical position of the partial discharge in the sleeve according to the physical distribution position of the sleeve capacitor screen and the designed value of the inter-screen capacitance.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention accordingly. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present disclosure should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. A capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: measuring a main capacitance Cx1, a capacitance Cx2 of a last screen or a second last screen, a capacitance C1 of a first coupling capacitor and a capacitance C2 of a second coupling capacitor of the capacitive bushing to be tested, wherein the capacitive bushing and the last screen or the second last screen which are connected in series are connected with the first coupling capacitor and the second coupling capacitor which are connected in series in parallel;
step 2: the terminal of the second coupling capacitor is connected with an output terminal of the second coupling capacitor;
and step 3: applying square wave signals to a wiring terminal of the capacitive bushing, testing the square wave signals at the output ends of the two partial discharge testing impedance devices, calibrating the partial discharge testing impedance device connected with the last screen or the next last screen of the capacitive bushing to output the square waves as a fixed value, and recording the amplitude values and the proportion of the two square wave signals;
and 4, step 4: applying a voltage signal to a wiring terminal of the capacitive bushing, and respectively measuring the amplitude and the proportion of two paths of test signals at the last screen or the second last screen of the capacitive bushing and the outlet terminal of the second coupling capacitor at different stages in the partial discharge process;
and 5: obtaining the initial electrical position of partial discharge in the sleeve according to the amplitude and the proportion of the two square wave signals recorded when the square wave signals are applied and the amplitude and the proportion of the two test signals recorded when the voltage signals are applied; and obtaining the initial physical position of the partial discharge in the capacitive bushing according to the arrangement structure of the capacitive bushing.
2. The capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4: the different stages in the partial discharge process comprise:
the first stage is as follows: the alternating current booster circuit outputs voltage to the beginning of partial discharge of the capacitive sleeve, and the voltage is continuously increased for 10min until the partial discharge is stable;
and a second stage: continuously boosting the voltage to 80% of the rated voltage of the capacitive bushing, and continuously boosting the voltage for 10min until the partial discharge is stable, wherein the partial discharge monitored at the last screen or the next last screen of the bushing does not exceed 500 pC;
and a third stage: slowly reducing the pressure until the partial discharge is extinguished.
3. The capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method according to claim 1, wherein in step 5:
the measured impedance of the last or sub-last screen is CD1, the measured impedance of the second coupling capacitor is CD2, wherein,
when the square wave signals are applied, the proportion of the two square wave signals is K1, Cm is the impedance capacitance of CD1 and CD2,
when a voltage signal is applied, the proportion of the two paths of test signals is K2,
since CX1 is series connection of Cx11 and Cx12, the compound can be obtained
Solving Cx11 and Cx 12; and according to the design parameters of the bushing capacitor core, the physical positions of the distribution of Cx11 and Cx12 are obtained, and the occurrence position of partial discharge is determined.
4. The capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method according to claim 1, wherein if the partial discharge test signal contains a larger pulse peak value, the pulse peak value ratio of the two signals and the amplitude and ratio of the dense discharge signal should be compared, respectively.
5. The capacitive bushing partial discharge positioning method according to claim 1, wherein the last screen or the sub-last screen of the capacitive bushing and a capacitor tap of an accompanying test article are both connected with a partial discharge test impedance.
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