CN112556520A - Electronic detonator for improving communication reliability and anti-interference performance - Google Patents
Electronic detonator for improving communication reliability and anti-interference performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN112556520A CN112556520A CN202011103151.1A CN202011103151A CN112556520A CN 112556520 A CN112556520 A CN 112556520A CN 202011103151 A CN202011103151 A CN 202011103151A CN 112556520 A CN112556520 A CN 112556520A
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- switch
- rectifying
- switch structure
- communication circuit
- initiator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
- F42C19/12—Primers; Detonators electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
- H04B1/40—Circuits
- H04B1/401—Circuits for selecting or indicating operating mode
Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic detonator for improving communication reliability and anti-interference performance, which comprises a rectifying and communication circuit, a control module, an ignition module, a first switch structure and a second switch structure, wherein the control module is respectively connected with the ignition module and the rectifying and communication circuit, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with an initiator, one end of the first switch structure is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit, the other end of the first switch structure is connected with the initiator, one end of the second switch structure is connected between the rectifying and communication circuit and the initiator, and the other end of the second switch structure is grounded. The invention greatly improves the anti-interference performance and the safety of the electronic detonator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electronic detonator, in particular to an electronic detonator which improves the communication reliability and the anti-interference performance.
Background
Electronic detonators, also known as digital electronic detonators, digital detonators or industrial digital electronic detonators, generally adopt an electronic detonator blasting control system to control the electronic detonators to blast.
The electronic detonator explosion control system basically comprises two parts, namely a detonator and an exploder, wherein a plurality of electronic detonator modules are connected with the exploder in a parallel connection mode, and the exploder can simultaneously control a plurality of electronic detonators to work.
The electronic detonator is generally blasted after receiving a detonation signal of the initiator, signal transmission between the electronic detonator and the initiator is generally through wired transmission, but when the electronic detonator is used in complex working environments such as small sections, metal mines, underground wells, tunnels and the like, the signal transmission between the electronic detonator and the initiator is often interfered, so that the electronic detonator has the problem of explosion rejection and is not beneficial to the safety of the electronic detonator.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and therefore provides an electronic detonator having improved communication reliability and anti-interference performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an electronic detonator for improving communication reliability and anti-interference performance comprises a rectifying and communication circuit, a control module, an ignition module, a first switch structure and a second switch structure, wherein the control module is respectively connected with the ignition module and the rectifying and communication circuit, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with an initiator, one end of the first switch structure is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit, the other end of the first switch structure is connected with the initiator, one end of the second switch structure is connected between the rectifying and communication circuit and the initiator, the other end of the second switch structure is grounded, the first switch structure and the second switch structure are controlled by the control module, and when the control module receives a detonation instruction sent by the initiator and starts to perform detonation, the control module controls the first switch structure to be in an off state and controls the second switch structure to be in a closed state, so that the electronic detonator module, the initiator and other electronic detonator modules are in a physical isolation state .
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the initiator is connected with a first bus bar and a second bus bar, the length of the first bus bar and the length of the second bus bar are more than 500m, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with the first bus bar and the second bus bar through branch lines, and the length of the branch lines is 3 m-25 m.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module is a single chip microcomputer/control chip, an RX pin and a TX pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip are respectively connected to the rectification and communication circuit, a P1 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the first switch structure, and a P0 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the second switch structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ignition module includes an energy storage capacitor, a squib and a bridge wire resistor, the P6 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the squib, the VC pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the energy storage capacitor and the bridge wire resistor, and the bridge wire resistor is connected to the squib.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first switch structure includes a first switch and a second switch, two ends of the first switch are respectively connected with the first bus and the rectification and communication circuit, two ends of the second switch are respectively connected with the second bus and the rectification and communication circuit, the second switch structure includes a third switch and a fourth switch, two ends of the third switch are respectively grounded and the first bus, two ends of the fourth switch are respectively grounded and the second bus, and when the third switch and the fourth switch are in a closed state, the first bus and the second bus are shorted to the ground.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switch structure is an NMOS switch, a PMOS switch, a CMOS switch, an NPN switch, a PNP switch, or a composite switch of NPN and PNP, or a thyristor switch.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention solves the problem of electronic detonator explosion rejection caused by electric signal interference in the processes of receiving an explosion receiving instruction and executing detonation when used in complex scenes such as small sections, metal mines, underground and tunnels, and the like, and greatly improves the anti-interference performance and safety of the electronic detonator.
In addition, the invention has simple structure, can be directly arranged on the existing blasting control system, does not need to redesign the blasting control system, and saves the cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the present invention to an initiator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an NMOS switch;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a PMOS switch;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a CMOS switch;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an NPN switch;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a PNP switch;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a combination NPN and PNP switch;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the thyristor switch.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the electronic detonator with improved communication reliability and anti-interference performance provided by the invention comprises a rectifying and communication circuit 210, a control module 220, an ignition module 230, a first switch structure 241 and a second switch structure 242.
The rectifying and communication circuit 210 is for connection to the initiator 100 for receiving power and control signals provided by the initiator 100, and the rectifying and communication circuit 210 may be connected to the initiator 100 in the following manner: the initiator 100 is connected to a first bus a and a second bus B, and the rectifying and communicating circuit 210 is connected to the first bus a and the second bus B by branch lines.
In order to ensure the safety of field blasting operators, the lengths of the first bus A and the second bus B are greater than 500m, and meanwhile, the lengths of the electronic detonator modules 200 connected to the first bus A and the second bus B through branch lines can be 3 m-25 m according to different field conditions.
The control module 220 is respectively connected to the rectifying and communication circuit 210 and the ignition module 230, and is configured to receive the signal sent by the rectifying and communication circuit 210, feed back the signal to the rectifying and communication circuit 210, and control the ignition module 230 to operate.
The control module 220 may be specifically a single chip microcomputer/control chip, an RX pin and a TX pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip are respectively connected to the rectifying and communication circuit 210, the rectifying and communication circuit 210 processes data sent from the initiator 100 and transmits the processed data to the single chip microcomputer/control chip through the RX pin, and the single chip microcomputer/control chip may also transmit the processed data to the rectifying and communication circuit 210 through the TX pin, and the data is returned to the initiator 100 through the first bus a and the second bus B in a current feedback manner by the rectifying and communication circuit 210.
The ignition module 230 comprises an energy storage capacitor C1, an initiation tube Q1 and a bridge wire resistor YT, a pin P6 of a singlechip/control chip is connected with the initiation tube Q1, a pin VC of the singlechip/control chip is connected with the energy storage capacitor C1 and the bridge wire resistor YT, the bridge wire resistor YT is connected with the initiation tube Q1, after the singlechip/control chip receives a charging instruction, the energy storage capacitor C1 is charged by controlling the pin VC, the charging is stopped when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 reaches an expected voltage value, after the charging is finished, the initiation device 100 sends an initiation instruction, the initiation tube Q1 is opened through the pin P6, the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor C1 is released to the ground through the bridge wire resistor YT, the bridge wire resistor YT is caused to generate heat, and an initiation explosive head on the bridge wire resistor is ignited, and the blasting is finished.
The first switch structure 241 is located between the rectifying and communication circuit 210 and the initiator 100, one end of the first switch structure is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit 210, the other end of the first switch structure is connected with the initiator 100 and is controlled by the control module 220, when the control module 220 receives an initiation command sent by the initiator 100 and starts to perform initiation, the control module 220 controls the first switch structure 241 to be in an open state, so that the electronic detonator module 200 and the initiator 100 are in a physical isolation state to isolate interference signals possibly generated in the initiation performing process, and when the control module 220 is in other states, the control module 220 controls the first switch structure 241 to be in a closed state to ensure that signal transmission can be performed between the initiator 100 and the electronic detonator module 200.
One end of the second switch structure 242 is connected between the rectifying and communication circuit 210 and the initiator 100, and the other end is grounded and controlled by the control module 220, and after the control module 220 receives a detonation instruction sent by the initiator 100 and starts to perform detonation, the control module 220 also controls the second switch structure 242 to be in a closed state at the same time, so that the electronic detonator module 200 and the initiator 100 are in a physical isolation state at this time, and interference signals possibly generated in the process of performing detonation are isolated.
Thus, by simultaneously arranging the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242, after the control module 220 receives a detonation instruction sent by the detonator 100 and starts to perform detonation, the first bus a and the second bus B are just shorted to the ground while the first switch structure 241 disconnects the communication state between the detonator 100 and the electronic detonator module 200, so that the isolation performance is optimal, and the communication reliability and the anti-interference performance are greatly improved.
The first switch structure 241 is specifically connected in series between the first bus a, the second bus B and the rectifying and communication circuit 210, the first switch structure 241 includes a first switch S1 and a second switch S2, two ends of the first switch S1 are respectively connected to the first bus a and the rectifying and communication circuit 210, two ends of the second switch S2 are respectively connected to the second bus B and the rectifying and communication circuit 210, so that when the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are in a closed state, the initiator 100 and the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are in a connected state, and when the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are in a disconnected state, the initiator 100 and the first switch S1 are in a physically disconnected state.
The second switch structure 242 is specifically connected in series between the first bus a and the second bus B and the ground, the second switch structure 242 includes a third switch S3 and a fourth switch S4, two ends of the third switch S3 are respectively connected to the ground and the first bus a, two ends of the fourth switch S4 are respectively connected to the ground and the second bus B, so that when the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are in a closed state, the first bus a and the second bus B are just short-circuited to the ground, and at this time, the initiator 100 and the first bus a are just in a physical isolation state.
The pin P1 of the control module 220 is connected to the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, the pin P0 is connected to the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4, and the switching of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be opened or closed is directly controlled by the control module 220, only when the control module 220 receives the initiation command of the initiator 100, the control module 250 starts to perform initiation, and controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be opened and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be closed, in the remaining cases, the control module 220 controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in a closed state and controls the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in an open state, therefore, the method not only ensures that the detonator is not interfered when the detonator is used for carrying out detonation, but also enables the detonator 100 and the detonator to carry out normal information and power transmission before detonation.
There may be many different specific implementations of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4, which implementations include: NMOS switch, PMOS switch, CMOS switch, NPN switch, PNP switch, NPN and PNP composite switch, and silicon controlled switch.
Referring to fig. 3-9, the following are various specific implementations of the switch structure:
(1) when the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 are NMOS switches, the switches are turned on when a control signal ENN sent by the control module is at a high level, and the switches are turned off when the ENN is at a low level;
(2) when the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 are PMOS tube switches, the switches are turned on when a control signal ENP sent by the control module is at a low level, and the switches are turned off when the ENP is at a high level;
(3) when the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 are CMOS switches, the control signal ENN sent by the control module is at a high level, and when ENP is at a low level, the switches are turned on; when the control signal ENN is at a low level and ENP is at a high level, the switch is turned off;
(4) when the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 are NPN switches and the control signal ENN sent by the control module is at a high level, the NPN transistor QN is turned on, the output Vout is shorted to the ground, which is equivalent to that the switch is turned off, and when the ENN is in another state, the pull-down resistor R2 is grounded, the NPN transistor QN is turned off, and Vin is Vout, which is equivalent to that the switch is turned on;
(5) when the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 are PNP switches, and the control signal ENP sent by the control module is at a low level, the PNP transistor QP is turned on, and Vin is Vout, which is equivalent to the switch on, and when ENP is in another state, the pull-up resistor R5 is connected to Vin, and the PNP transistor QP is turned off, which is equivalent to the switch off;
(6) when the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 are composite switches of NPN and PNP, and the control signal ENN sent by the control module is high level, the NPN transistor QN is turned on, the base level of the PNP transistor QP is grounded, the QP is turned on, Vin is Vout, which is equivalent to switch on, when ENN is in other state, the pull-down resistor R2 is grounded, the pull-up resistor R7 is connected to Vin, and both the transistors QN and QP are disconnected, which is equivalent to switch off;
(7) when the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 are thyristors, and the control signal ENN sent by the control module changes from low level to high level, Vin is Vout, which means that the switch is turned on, and when ENN is low, the switch is turned off.
The specific selection of the first switch structure 241 and the second switch structure 242 may be determined according to actual requirements, and the implementation manner of the switch structures is not limited to the above 7 manners, and only the implementation manner of the switch structures that the control module 220 can control the first switch structure 241 to be in the open state and control the second switch structure 242 to be in the closed state after the initiation instruction sent by the initiator 100 is received may be adopted.
The following is a specific working process of the present application:
in a normal working state, the control module 220 controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 to be in a closed state and controls the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 to be in an open state, the initiator 100 first sends a scan broadcast instruction to the rectifying and communication circuit 210, the rectifying and communication circuit 210 receives the scan instruction and then sends processed data to an RX pin of the control module 220, the control module 220 processes the data and then sends the data to the rectifying and communication circuit 210 through the TX pin, the data is returned to the initiator 100 by the rectifying and communication circuit 210 in a current feedback manner for confirmation, after the state confirmation, the initiator 100 sends a charging instruction to the control module 220 through the rectifying and communication circuit 210, after receiving the charging instruction, the control module 220 controls the VC pin to charge the energy storage capacitor C1, when the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 reaches an expected voltage value, after the charging is finished, the detonator 100 sends out a detonation instruction, and the output first bus A and the output second bus B become zero level. After the control module 220 receives the detonation instruction, the level of the EN control signal output by the pin P1 is inverted, so that the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are turned off, the level of the EN control signal output by the pin P0 is inverted, and the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are turned on, so that the detonator 100 and the application are in a physical disconnection state, and no interference signal enters the module to affect the subsequent execution of the detonation instruction. At this time, the energy storage capacitor C1 supplies power to the control module 220, after the control module 220 completes the set delay operation, the detonating tube Q1 is opened through the pin P6, the energy stored in the energy storage capacitor C1 is released to the ground through the bridge wire resistor, the bridge wire resistor YT is caused to generate heat, and the detonating powder head on the bridge wire resistor is ignited, so that the blasting is completed.
In addition, an identity verification module is arranged on the initiator 100, and before operating the initiator 100, a field operator needs to verify the identity and perform 'point name' on the electronic detonator module 200 in the network through the identity verification module, and after passing the authentication, the initiation process can be executed, so that the safety is improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The electronic detonator is characterized by comprising a rectifying and communication circuit, a control module, an ignition module, a first switch structure and a second switch structure, wherein the control module is respectively connected with the ignition module and the rectifying and communication circuit, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected with an initiator, one end of the first switch structure is connected with the rectifying and communication circuit, the other end of the first switch structure is connected with the initiator, one end of the second switch structure is connected between the rectifying and communication circuit and the initiator, the other end of the second switch structure is grounded, the first switch structure and the second switch structure are controlled by the control module, and when the control module receives a detonation instruction sent by the initiator and starts to perform detonation, the control module controls the first switch structure to be in an off state and controls the second switch structure to be in a closed state, so that the electronic detonator module, the initiator and other electronic detonator modules are physically separated from each other .
2. The electronic detonator of claim 1 wherein the initiator is connected to a first bus bar and a second bus bar, the first bus bar and the second bus bar have a length greater than 500m, the rectifying and communication circuit is connected to the first bus bar and the second bus bar by a branch line, and the branch line has a length of 3m to 25 m.
3. The electronic detonator of claim 1 wherein the control module is a single chip microcomputer/control chip, wherein the RX pin and the TX pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip are respectively connected to the rectifying and communication circuit, the P1 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the first switch structure, and the P0 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected to the second switch structure.
4. The electronic detonator of claim 3 wherein the ignition module comprises an energy storage capacitor, a detonator and a bridge wire resistor, the P6 pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected with the detonator, the VC pin of the single chip microcomputer/control chip is connected with the energy storage capacitor and the bridge wire resistor, and the bridge wire resistor is connected with the detonator.
5. The electronic detonator of claim 2 wherein the first switch structure comprises a first switch and a second switch, the first switch is connected at two ends to the first bus and the rectifying and communication circuit, the second switch is connected at two ends to the second bus and the rectifying and communication circuit, the second switch structure comprises a third switch and a fourth switch, the third switch is connected at two ends to the ground and the first bus, the fourth switch is connected at two ends to the ground and the second bus, and when the third switch and the fourth switch are in a closed state, the first bus and the second bus are shorted to the ground.
6. The electronic detonator of claim 1 wherein the switch structure is an NMOS switch or a PMOS switch or a CMOS switch or an NPN switch or a PNP switch or a composite switch of NPN and PNP or a thyristor switch.
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| CN202011103151.1A CN112556520B (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Electronic detonator for improving communication reliability and anti-interference performance |
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| CN202011103151.1A CN112556520B (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Electronic detonator for improving communication reliability and anti-interference performance |
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| US4712477A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-12-15 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic delay detonator |
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