CN112555307A

CN112555307A - Water-cooling and air-cooling automobile drum brake and braking system thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112555307A
Application number: CN202011145281.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许兆棠; 秦洪艳; 朱安
Original assignee: Sanjiang University
Current assignee: Sanjiang University
Priority date: 2020-10-23
Filing date: 2020-10-23
Publication date: 2021-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-23
Also published as: CN112555307B

Abstract

The invention discloses a water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake and a brake system thereof, wherein the drum brake comprises a water-cooled brake drum, a brake plug unit, an air outlet unit and a cooling unit, wherein the water-cooled brake drum is arranged on a wheel hub; the brake comprises a brake shoe assembly, a piston assembly and a friction plate, wherein the piston assembly and the friction plate are respectively connected with the brake shoe assembly; the air outlet unit comprises an air outlet pipe in the drum and an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe in the drum is arranged on the brake bottom plate, the air outlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the water-cooling brake drum, and the air outlet pipe comprises an air outlet pipe out of the drum and a water outlet pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the water-cooling brake drum; the cooling unit is connected with the air outlet unit and comprises an air cooling assembly and a water cooling assembly, the air cooling assembly is respectively connected with an air outlet pipe in the drum and an air outlet pipe out of the drum, and the water cooling assembly is connected with a water outlet pipe; according to the invention, the water cooling and the air cooling are combined to radiate the drum brake, so that the thermal stability and the radiation performance of the automobile drum brake are greatly improved.

Description

Water-cooling and air-cooling automobile drum brake and braking system thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile drum brakes, in particular to a water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake and a brake system thereof.

Background

Present automobile drum brake is ordinary drum brake, and its structure is shown as figure 1 ~ 4, and automobile drum brake includes: the brake device comprises a cylinder body 1, a piston 3, a return spring 4, a brake bottom plate 6, a brake shoe 7, a friction plate 8, an air-cooled brake drum 9, a positioning plate spring 10, a supporting pin 11, a supporting pin gasket 12, a supporting pin nut 13, a supporting ring 14, a cylinder bolt 16 and a liquid discharging bolt 17; the brake bottom plate 6 is fixed by the bottom plate connecting bolt 5, and the brake bottom plate 6 does not rotate; the air-cooled brake drum 9 is connected with a rim 21 and a hub 18 of a wheel through a hub nut 19 and a hub bolt 20, and the air-cooled brake drum 9 rotates along with the wheel; one end of the brake shoe 7 is hinged with the brake bottom plate 6 through a bearing pin 11, a bearing pin pad 12, a bearing ring 14 and a bearing pin nut 13; the other end of the brake shoe 7 is supported on the piston 3; the pistons 3 are arranged in the cylinder 1, the cylinder 1 is fixed on the brake bottom plate 6 through cylinder bolts 16, the brake fluid 2 is arranged between the two pistons 3, and the liquid discharging bolt 17 is used for discharging air in the brake fluid 2; the return spring 4 tensions the two brake shoes 7 on the piston 3; the positioning plate spring 10 axially positions the brake shoe 7 on the brake bottom plate 6; the friction plate 8 is coupled with the brake shoe 7.

The working principle of a common drum brake is as follows: when the automobile is not braked, a gap is reserved between the friction plate and the air-cooled brake drum, and the air-cooled brake drum freely rotates along with the wheel; when the automobile brakes, a driver steps on the brake pedal, brake fluid with certain pressure flows into the cylinder body through the pipeline and the liquid inlet hole to push the two pistons to move outwards, the pistons push the brake shoe and the friction plate to rotate around the supporting pin, after a gap between the friction plate and the air-cooled brake drum is eliminated, the friction plate is tightly pressed on the air-cooled brake drum, the air-cooled brake drum is subjected to friction torque opposite to the rotating direction to decelerate the automobile, and the air-cooled brake drum emits heat through the outer surface of the air-cooled brake drum in the braking process.

The common drum brake has the disadvantages that the heat stability is poor, the heat dissipation is mainly realized by the contact of the outer surface of an air-cooled brake drum and air, the heat of the inner surface of the air-cooled brake drum is transferred to a brake bottom plate through the air and then is dissipated by the brake bottom plate, the heat dissipation capability is low, when the automobile is continuously braked on a downward long slope and is frequently braked on a city road, the friction plate and the air-cooled brake drum are rubbed for a long time, so that the temperature of the friction plate and the air-cooled brake drum is overhigh, and as the material of the friction plate contains organic polymers such as resin and the like, the friction coefficient between the friction plate and the air-cooled brake drum is reduced along with the temperature rise of the friction plate and the air-cooled brake drum, the braking efficiency of the common drum brake is reduced, the braking is soft, the heat fading is generated, the heat stability is poor, and, and therefore, too many traffic accidents are generated, and the safety problem to be solved by the automobile braking system is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems with the conventional drum brake system for an automobile.

Therefore, one technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake, which aims to solve the problem of reducing the temperature of a brake disc and a brake pad friction plate and reducing the heat fading of an automobile disc brake when an automobile is emergently braked, continuously braked on a long slope and frequently braked on an urban road.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake comprises a water-cooled brake drum, a brake plug unit, an air outlet unit and a cooling unit, wherein the water-cooled brake drum is arranged on a wheel hub; the brake plug unit is in fit contact with the water-cooled brake drum and comprises a brake shoe assembly, a piston assembly and a friction plate, wherein the piston assembly and the friction plate are respectively connected with the brake shoe assembly; the air outlet unit comprises an air outlet pipe in the drum and an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe in the drum is arranged on the brake bottom plate, the air outlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the water-cooling brake drum, and the air outlet pipe comprises an air outlet pipe out of the drum and a water outlet pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the water-cooling brake drum; and the cooling unit is connected with the air outlet unit and comprises an air cooling assembly and a water cooling assembly, the air cooling assembly is respectively connected with the air outlet pipe in the drum and the air outlet pipe out of the drum, and the water cooling assembly is connected with the water outlet pipe.

As a preferable aspect of the mist-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of the present invention, wherein: the edge of the radial outer side wall of the water-cooling brake drum is provided with a water outlet toothed ring, the side wall of the outer cylindrical surface of the water-cooling brake drum is provided with a brake drum air outlet hole, and the water outlet toothed ring and the brake drum air outlet hole are provided with a plurality of groups and are uniformly distributed.

As a preferable aspect of the mist-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of the present invention, wherein: the brake shoe assembly comprises a brake shoe, a supporting pin and a return spring, the brake shoe is symmetrically arranged, one end of the brake shoe is hinged to the brake bottom plate through the supporting pin, the other end of the brake shoe is contacted with the piston assembly, and two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the side wall of the brake shoe at one end of the piston assembly; the piston assembly comprises a cylinder body, brake fluid and a piston, the piston is symmetrically arranged in the cylinder body, the brake fluid is filled in the cylinder body, and the telescopic end of the piston is connected with the end part of the brake shoe; the friction plate is arranged on the outer side wall of the brake shoe and can be in matched contact with the inner cavity side wall of the water-cooling brake drum.

As a preferable aspect of the mist-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of the present invention, wherein: the air outlet pipe in the drum is annular, and is positioned on the side wall of the pipe body of the air outlet pipe, and air outlet holes in the drum are formed in the side wall of the pipe body of the air outlet pipe, multiple groups of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed in the drum, and all the holes face the side wall of the inner cavity of the water-cooling brake drum.

As a preferable aspect of the mist-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of the present invention, wherein: the water outlet air pipe also comprises a pipe bracket, and the air blowing-out air pipe and the water outlet pipe are both connected with the pipe bracket; the side wall of the ring of the air blowing-out pipe is uniformly provided with air blowing-out holes; and water outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the circular side wall of the water outlet pipe.

As a preferable aspect of the mist-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of the present invention, wherein: the diameter of the ring of the air blowing-out air pipe is larger than that of the ring of the water outlet pipe, and the diameter of the circle of the air blowing-out air hole is larger than that of the circle of the water outlet hole.

As a preferable aspect of the mist-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of the present invention, wherein: the air outlet unit further comprises a guide ring and a guide ring screw, the guide ring is connected to the outer side of the water-cooling brake drum through the guide ring screw, and the inner cavity of the guide ring is communicated with the air outlet hole of the brake drum.

As a preferable aspect of the mist-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of the present invention, wherein: the air cooling assembly comprises an air inlet main pipe, a fan, an intermediate air pipe and an air pipe joint, the air inlet main pipe, the fan, the intermediate air pipe and the air pipe joint are sequentially connected, and the air pipe joint is respectively connected with the air outlet pipe in the drum and the air outlet pipe out of the drum; the water cooling assembly comprises a water inlet pipe, a water pump, an intermediate water pipe and a water pipe connector, wherein the water inlet pipe is connected with the water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected with the water pipe connector through the intermediate water pipe, and the water pipe connector is connected with the water outlet pipe; and a water flow electromagnetic valve is arranged on the middle water pipe.

The invention aims to solve the other technical problem of providing a water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system, and aims to provide a system for solving the problems of reducing the temperature of a brake disc and a brake pad friction plate and reducing the heat fading of an automobile disc brake during emergency braking, continuous braking on a downward long slope and frequent braking on a city road.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake system, comprising the water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of claims 1-8, further comprising a monitoring unit comprising a temperature sensor and an acoustic sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is capable of monitoring the temperature on the water-cooled brake drum, and the acoustic sensor is used for monitoring the impact sound of water impacting a wheel hub; the control unit comprises a controller and a battery, the controller is respectively electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the sound measuring sensor, the fan and the water flow electromagnetic valve through electric wires, and the battery provides electric energy for the controller, the temperature sensor, the sound measuring sensor, the fan and the water flow electromagnetic valve.

As a preferable aspect of the water-cooled and air-cooled drum brake system for an automobile according to the present invention, wherein: the following control method is adopted: during braking, when the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature on the water-cooling brake drum is greater than a set temperature threshold value, the air-cooling assembly and the water-cooling assembly are started to cool together; and when the braking is finished, the water cooling assembly is closed, and when the temperature of the fog cooling brake disc is smaller than a set temperature threshold value, the air cooling assembly is closed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. when the automobile is braked, water is sprayed to the outer cylindrical surface of the water-cooled brake drum; the air is blown to the outer cylindrical surface of the water-cooled brake drum and the water-cooled brake drum, so that the temperature of the water-cooled brake drum, the brake shoe, the return spring and the friction plate is reduced, and the forced water cooling and air cooling heat dissipation improve the thermal stability and the heat dissipation performance of the automobile drum brake.

2. On the basis of the existing common drum brake, a water-cooling and air-cooling system and a control circuit thereof are added, and the water-cooling brake drum is used for replacing an air-cooling brake drum to form a water-cooling and air-cooling automobile drum brake system, so that the characteristics of the existing common drum brake are favorably kept, and the design and the manufacture of the water-cooling and air-cooling automobile drum brake system are favorably realized.

3. The water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system has good heat dissipation performance, so that the working temperature of the friction plate and the water-cooled brake drum is reduced, the shearing strength of the friction plate and the water-cooled brake drum is improved, and the abrasion resistance and the service life of the friction plate and the water-cooled brake drum are favorably improved.

4. The control circuit of water cooling and air cooling of the water cooling and air cooling automobile drum brake system controls the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole, so that the water utilization rate is high, and the water consumption is low; in winter, when the water-cooling and air-cooling automobile drum brake system is used, water cannot flow to the road surface to be frozen.

5. The air blown out from the air outlet holes on the air outlet pipes of the drum blows the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooling brake drum, so that the water vaporization on the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooling brake drum can be accelerated, and the heat dissipation of the water-cooling brake drum is facilitated.

6. When the temperature of the rim is high, a tire burst may occur; because the air blown out from the in-drum air outlet hole on the in-drum air outlet pipe finally flows out from the flow guide ring and does not blow to the rim, the air blown out from the out-drum air outlet hole on the out-drum air outlet pipe blows to the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum and does not blow to the rim, and thus, the influence of the heat dissipation of the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system on the rim is small, and the tire burst caused by the heat dissipation of the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system can be avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:

fig. 1 is a front view of a general drum brake.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the conventional drum brake of FIG. 1 coupled to a wheel rim

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake.

Fig. 6 is a left side view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 6.

FIG. 8 is a left side view of a water and air cooled automotive drum brake coupled to a wheel rim.

Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of fig. 6.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken along line F-F of fig. 5.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along line G-G of fig. 5.

FIG. 13 is a front view of the water cooled brake drum.

Fig. 14 is a left side view of fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a front view of the air outlet duct in the drum.

Fig. 16 is a left side view of fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a front view of the effluent air hose.

Fig. 18 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a left side view of fig. 17.

FIG. 20 is a water and air cooling system of a water and air cooled automotive drum brake system.

FIG. 21 is a water and air cooled control circuit diagram for a water and air cooled automotive drum brake system.

In the drawings, the reference numbers: a cylinder body 1; brake fluid 2; a piston 3; a return spring 4; a bottom plate coupling bolt 5; a brake shoe 6; a brake shoe 7; a friction plate 8; an air-cooled brake drum 9; positioning the plate spring 10; a support pin 11; a support pin pad 12; a support pin nut 13; a support ring 14; a liquid inlet hole 15; a cylinder bolt 16; a liquid discharge bolt 17; a hub 18; a hub nut 19; a hub bolt 20; a rim 21.

A water outlet air pipe 22; a water-cooled brake drum 23; an in-drum air outlet duct 24; a temperature sensor 25; a temperature sensor holder 26; a tube support bolt 27; a support bar 28; a deflector ring 29; deflector ring screws 30; the sound measuring sensor 31; an acoustic sensor mount 32; a water outlet toothed ring 33; brake drum vent holes 34; an in-drum vent 35; an air blowing-out duct 36; a tube holder 37; a water outlet hole 38; a blast-out vent 39; a water outlet pipe 40; an air duct joint 41; an air intake manifold 42; a fan 43; an intermediate air duct 44; a water pump 45; a water inlet pipe 46; a water flow rate solenoid valve 47; an intermediate water pipe 48; a water pipe connector 49; an electric wire 50; a controller 51; a battery 52.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings, and for convenience of illustration, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not enlarged partially according to the general scale in describing the embodiment of the present invention, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 5 to 19, for the first embodiment of the present invention, a fog-cooled and air-cooled automobile disc brake is provided, the drum brake includes a water-cooled brake drum 23, a brake plug unit, an air outlet unit and a cooling unit, wherein the water-cooled brake drum 23 is disposed on a hub 18; the brake plug unit is in matched contact with the water-cooled brake drum 23 and comprises a brake shoe assembly, a piston assembly and a friction plate 8, wherein the piston assembly and the friction plate 8 are respectively connected with the brake shoe assembly; the air outlet unit comprises an in-drum air outlet pipe 24 and an air outlet pipe 22, the in-drum air outlet pipe 24 is arranged on the brake bottom plate 6, the air outlet pipe 22 is arranged on the outer side of the water-cooled brake drum 23, and the air outlet pipe 22 comprises an out-drum air outlet pipe 36 and a water outlet pipe 40 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the water-cooled brake drum 23; and the cooling unit is connected with the air outlet unit and comprises an air cooling assembly and a water cooling assembly, the air cooling assembly is respectively connected with the air outlet pipe 24 in the drum and the air outlet pipe 36 out of the drum, and the water cooling assembly is connected with the water outlet pipe 40.

The edge of the radial outer side wall of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is provided with a water outlet toothed ring 33, the side wall of the outer cylindrical surface of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is provided with a brake drum air outlet hole 34, and the water outlet toothed ring 33 and the brake drum air outlet hole 34 are provided with a plurality of groups and are uniformly distributed.

Wherein, the drum brake in the scheme is that the existing air-cooled brake drum 9 is replaced by the water-cooled brake drum 23; specifically, compared with the conventional air-cooled brake drum 9, the water-cooled brake drum 23 is additionally provided with the water outlet toothed ring 33 on the side wall of the edge of the radial outer side wall of the air-cooled brake drum, and the side wall of the outer cylindrical surface of the air-cooled brake drum is provided with the brake drum air outlet hole 34 for improving the heat exchange effect between the inner cavity of the water-cooled brake drum 23 and the outside, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. The brake plug unit is matched with the water-cooling brake drum 23 for use, and the braking deceleration of the wheel is realized through the friction between the friction plate and the brake drum; the air outlet unit is a structure for generating cooling air and water vapor, is arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the water-cooled brake drum 23, is used in cooperation with the cooling unit, and guides pressurized air or water vapor generated by the cooling unit and used for cooling the brake drum to the water-cooled brake drum 23.

The brake shoe assembly comprises a brake shoe 7, a supporting pin 11 and a return spring 4, the brake shoe 7 is symmetrically arranged, one end of the brake shoe 7 is hinged on the brake bottom plate 6 through the supporting pin 11, the other end of the brake shoe is contacted with the piston assembly, and two ends of the return spring 4 are respectively connected to the side wall of the brake shoe 7 at one end of the piston assembly; the piston assembly comprises a cylinder body 1, brake fluid 2 and a piston 3, the piston 3 is symmetrically arranged in the cylinder body 1, the brake fluid 2 is filled in the cylinder body 1, and the telescopic end of the piston 3 is connected with the end part of a brake shoe 7; the friction plate 8 is arranged on the outer side wall of the brake shoe 7 and can be in fit contact with the inner cavity side wall of the water-cooled brake drum 23.

Further, in this brake plug unit, similarly to the structure of the existing brake wheel cylinder, in the brake shoe assembly, one end of the brake shoe 7 is hinged to the backing plate 6 through the anchor pin 11, the anchor pin pad 12, the anchor ring 14 and the anchor pin nut 13, and the other end of the brake shoe 7 is supported on the piston 3; the pistons 3 are arranged in the cylinder body 1, the cylinder body 1 is fixed on the brake bottom plate 6 through cylinder body bolts 16, the brake fluid 2 is arranged between the two pistons 3, and the fluid discharging bolts 17 are used for discharging air in the brake fluid 2; the return spring 4 tensions the two brake shoes 7 on the piston 3; the positioning plate spring 10 axially positions the brake shoe 7 on the brake backing plate 6.

The air outlet pipe 24 in the drum is annular, and is positioned on the side wall of the pipe body of the air outlet pipe, and air outlet holes 35 in the drum are formed in the side wall of the pipe body, multiple groups of air outlet holes 35 in the drum are uniformly distributed, and all the holes face to the side wall of the inner cavity of the water-cooling brake drum 23.

The in-drum air outlet pipe 24 is fixed on the brake bottom plate 6, the whole body of the in-drum air outlet pipe is annular, and the in-drum air outlet holes 35 on the outer side wall of the pipe body face to the side wall of the inner cavity of the water-cooled brake drum 23, namely the in-drum air outlet pipe is used for helping the heat generated by the inner cavity of the water-cooled brake drum 23 to be dissipated.

The water outlet air pipe 22 also comprises a pipe bracket 37, and the air blowing-out air pipe 36 and the water outlet pipe 40 are both connected with the pipe bracket 37; the side wall of the ring of the air blowing-out pipe 36 is uniformly provided with air blowing-out holes 39; the side wall of the circular ring of the water outlet pipe 40 is evenly distributed with water outlet holes 38.

The diameter of the ring of the air blowing-out pipe 36 is larger than that of the ring of the water outlet pipe 40, and the diameter of the circle where the air blowing-out hole 39 is located is larger than that of the circle where the water outlet hole 38 is located.

The air outlet unit also comprises a guide ring 29 and a guide ring screw 30, the guide ring 29 is connected to the outer side of the water-cooled brake drum 23 through the guide ring screw 30, and the inner cavity of the guide ring is communicated with the brake drum air outlet hole 34.

The whole water outlet air pipe 22 is located outside the water-cooled brake drum 23, wherein the pipe support 37 is used for assisting the installation of the air outlet pipe 36 and the water outlet pipe 40, and an air outlet hole 39 which is arranged on the air outlet pipe 36 is used for blowing air to the outer side wall of the water-cooled brake drum 23, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the brake drum is improved, and the heat dissipation effect can be greatly improved by matching with water cooling. And the water outlet hole 38 arranged on the outer wall of the water outlet pipe 40 is used for spraying cooling water to the outer wall of the water-cooled brake drum 23 to accelerate the heat dissipation. The diameter of the circle on which the air blowing holes 39 are formed is larger than that of the circle on which the water outlet holes 38 are formed, and the purpose of this is to control the water cooling effect by the air flow to be blown out.

The diversion ring 29 is located outside the water-cooled brake drum 23 and is half-wrapped outside the water outlet duct 22, and can be used for guiding the heat dissipation airflow of the water-cooled brake drum 23.

The air cooling assembly comprises an air inlet main pipe 42, a fan 43, an intermediate air pipe 44 and an air pipe connector 41, the air inlet main pipe 42, the fan 43, the intermediate air pipe 44 and the air pipe connector 41 are sequentially connected, and the air pipe connector 41 is respectively connected with the air outlet pipe 24 in the drum and the air outlet pipe 36 out of the drum; the water cooling assembly comprises a water inlet pipe 46, a water pump 45, a middle water pipe 48 and a water pipe connector 49, wherein the water inlet pipe 46 is connected with the water pump 45, the output end of the water pump 45 is connected with the water pipe connector 49 through the middle water pipe 48, and the water pipe connector 49 is connected with the water outlet pipe 40; the intermediate water pipe 48 is provided with a water flow electromagnetic valve 47.

Furthermore, the air inlet manifold 42 in the air cooling assembly extracts air from external air, the air is pressurized by the fan 43 and then enters the intermediate air pipe 44, the air flowing into the intermediate air pipe 44 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the air outlet pipe 24 in the drum through the air pipe joint 41, and the pressurized air is guided into the inner cavity of the water-cooling brake drum 23; the other path is connected to the drum outlet air duct 36 through an air duct joint 41, and blows the pressurized air to the outer side wall of the water-cooled brake drum 23. The water pump 45 in the water cooling assembly pressurizes the water led in from the water inlet pipe 46, and the pressurized water is sprayed to the water outlet pipe 40 through the middle water pipe 48 and the water pipe joint 49, and the water is sprayed out of the water outlet hole 38 and sprayed to the outer side wall of the water cooling brake drum 23. The water flow solenoid valve 47 is provided to control the flow rate of water exiting the water outlet pipe 40.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 20 to 21, for the second embodiment of the present invention, a water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system is provided, the brake system includes the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake of the above embodiment, and further includes a monitoring unit including a temperature sensor 25 and a sound measuring sensor 31, wherein the temperature sensor 25 is capable of monitoring the temperature on the water-cooled brake drum 23, and the sound measuring sensor 31 is used for monitoring the impact sound of water impacting the wheel hub; and the control unit comprises a controller 51 and a battery 52, the controller 51 is electrically connected with the temperature sensor 25, the sound measuring sensor 31, the fan 43 and the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 through electric wires 50, and the battery 52 provides electric energy for the controller 51, the temperature sensor 25, the sound measuring sensor 31, the fan 43 and the water flow electromagnetic valve 47.

The brake system can adopt the following control method: during braking, when the temperature sensor 25 monitors that the temperature on the water-cooling brake drum 23 is greater than a set temperature threshold value, the air-cooling assembly and the water-cooling assembly are started to cool down together; and when the braking is finished, the water cooling assembly is closed, and when the temperature of the fog cooling brake disc is smaller than a set temperature threshold value, the air cooling assembly is closed.

Specifically, the sound measuring sensor 31 is fixed on the brake bottom plate 6 through the sound measuring sensor support 32, and the sound measuring sensor 31 faces the rim 21 and is used for measuring the volume and frequency of sound generated when water hits the rim 21 and judging whether the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 is appropriate; the temperature sensor 25 is fixed on the brake bottom plate 6 through a temperature sensor support 26, the temperature sensor 25 faces the end face of the water-cooling brake drum 23, and a gap of 1-6 mm is formed between the temperature sensor 25 and the water-cooling brake drum 23.

This braking divide into service brake and parking brake, and the temperature threshold value of setting for 100 degrees in this embodiment, specifically, combine the attached fig. 1 ~ 21, and the control process has the following condition:

the control method of the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system during automobile service braking comprises the following steps: when the temperature sensor 25 detects that the temperature of the water-cooling brake drum 23 is higher than 100 ℃, the fan 43 and the water pump 45 start to work, air flows into the fan 43 from the air inlet manifold 42 along the arrow direction in fig. 20, after being pressurized by the fan 43, the air flows into the intermediate air pipe 44 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 20, the air flowing into the intermediate air pipe 44 is divided into two paths, one path of air flows into the drum inner air outlet pipe 24 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 20, is blown into the water-cooled brake drum 23 through the drum inner air outlet hole 35 on the drum inner air outlet pipe 24, then flows out through the brake shoe 7, the brake drum air outlet hole 34 on the water-cooled brake drum 23 and the deflector ring 29 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 6-9, the other path of air flows into the drum outer air pipe 36 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 20, and then is blown to the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum 23 through the drum outer air outlet hole 39 on the drum outer air pipe 36 along the direction; water flows into the water pump 45 from the water inlet pipe 46 along the arrow direction in fig. 20, is pressurized by the water pump 45, flows into the water outlet pipe 40 along the arrow direction in fig. 20 through the middle water pipe 48, the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 and the water pipe joint 49, and is sprayed to the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum 23 from the water outlet hole 38 on the water outlet pipe 40 along the arrow direction in fig. 6-9; when the sound sensor 31 detects the sound of water impacting the rim 21, the controller 51 controls the water pump 45 and the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 to reduce the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38, otherwise, when the sound sensor 31 cannot detect the sound of water impacting the rim 21, the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 is increased; when the automobile stops braking, the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 is closed, no water is sprayed out from the water outlet hole 38, only air is blown into the water-cooled brake drum 23 from the air outlet hole 35 in the drum along the arrow direction in fig. 6-9, and then flows out from the air outlet hole 34 of the brake drum and the guide ring 29, and meanwhile, air is blown to the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum 23 from the air outlet hole 39 on the air outlet pipe 36 in the drum along the arrow direction in fig. 6-9; after the temperature sensor 25 detects that the temperature of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is lower than 100 ℃, the fan 43 stops working.

The control method of the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system during parking brake of the automobile comprises the following steps: the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 is closed, the water pump 45 does not work, and no water is sprayed out from the water outlet hole 38; when the temperature sensor 25 detects that the temperature of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is higher than 100 ℃, the fan 43 starts to work, air flows into the fan 43 from the air inlet manifold 42 along the arrow direction in fig. 20, after being pressurized by the fan 43, the air flows into the middle air pipe 44 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 20, the air flowing into the middle air pipe 44 is divided into two paths, one path of air flows into the drum inner air outlet pipe 24 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 20, is blown into the water-cooled brake drum 23 through the drum inner air outlet hole 35 on the drum inner air outlet pipe 24, then flows out through the brake shoe 7, the brake drum air outlet hole 34 on the water-cooled brake drum 23 and the deflector ring 29 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 6-9, the other path of air flows into the drum outer air pipe 36 along the direction of the arrow in fig. 20, and then is blown to the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum 23 through the drum outer air outlet hole 39 on the drum outer air pipe 36 along the direction; after the temperature sensor 25 detects that the temperature of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is lower than 100 ℃, the fan 43 stops working.

When the automobile is braked in a running process, the working principle of the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system is as follows: after the temperature of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is higher than 100 ℃, water is sprayed to the outer surface of the cylindrical body of the water-cooled brake drum 23 from the water outlet hole 38, and the water is vaporized after contacting the outer surface of the outer cylindrical body of the high-temperature water-cooled brake drum 23 to force the water-cooled brake drum 23 to dissipate heat, so that the temperature of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is reduced, and a water-cooled automobile drum brake system is formed; air is blown to the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum 23 from the air outlet holes 39 outside the drum along the arrow direction in fig. 6-9, water vapor and the heat of the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum 23 are blown away, the water-cooled brake drum 23 is forced to ventilate and radiate, the vaporization of water on the outer surface of the cylinder of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is accelerated, the temperature of the water-cooled brake drum 23 is reduced, the influence of the heat of the water-cooled brake drum 23 on the rim 21 is reduced, meanwhile, the air is blown to the water-cooled brake drum 23 from the air outlet holes 35 inside the drum along the arrow direction in fig. 6-9, then flows out through the brake shoe 7, the brake drum air outlet holes 34 on the water-cooled brake drum 23 and the guide ring 29 along the arrow direction in fig. 6-9, the heat of the brake shoe 7 inside the water-cooled brake drum 23 is taken away, and the temperature of the brake shoe, forming an air-cooled automotive drum brake system, the air flowing out of the deflector ring 29 can further carry away water vapor; the water-cooled automobile drum brake system and the air-cooled automobile drum brake system are combined to form the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system together.

Furthermore, when the automobile is braked in a parking way, the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system has the working principle that: the temperature of the brake shoe 7, the friction plate 8 and the water-cooling brake drum 23 is not increased, the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 is closed, the water pump 45 does not work, no water is sprayed out from the water outlet hole 38, and only wind is used for cooling the brake shoe 7, the friction plate 8 and the water-cooling brake drum 23, so that the water-cooling and air-cooling automobile drum brake is stable in heat.

The method for controlling the amount of water sprayed from the water outlet 38 includes: measuring the sound volume and frequency of the sound generated when water impacts the rim 21 by using the sound measuring sensor 31, judging whether the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 is proper or not, and when the sound measuring sensor 31 measures that the sound volume of the sound generated when water impacts the rim 21 is between 50 and 80 decibels and measures that the frequency of the sound generated when water impacts the rim 21 is between (0.02-1) VZ/R, controlling the water pump 45 and the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 by using the controller 51 to reduce the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38; on the contrary, when the sound volume of the sound of the water striking the rim 21 detected by the sound detecting sensor 31 is not between 50 and 80 decibels, or the frequency of the sound of the water striking the rim 21 is not between (0.02 to 1) VZ/R, the controller 51 controls the water pump 45 and the water flow electromagnetic valve 47 to increase the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38; in the formula VZ/R, V is the vehicle speed of the vehicle, and can be measured by a vehicle speed sensor on the vehicle, Z is the number of teeth of the water outlet ring gear 33, and R is the radius of the water drop on the water outlet ring gear 33, and can be obtained through experiments.

Principle of controlling the amount of water sprayed from the water outlet hole 38: the water outlet hole 38 has a large water spraying amount, so that part of water cannot be vaporized, and the water which cannot be vaporized flows onto the road surface through the rim 21 and the tire arranged on the rim 21, so that the utilization rate of the water is reduced, and in winter, the water flowing onto the road surface can be frozen, and the driving safety of vehicles behind is influenced; the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 is small, the water cooling effect cannot be fully exerted, and the heat dissipation effect of the water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system is affected, so that the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 needs to be controlled; when the automobile is braked in a running process, a wheel anti-lock device is arranged in an automobile brake system, the water-cooling brake drum 23 rotates along with the wheel, and when the automobile is braked continuously down a long slope, the water-cooling brake drum 23 also rotates along with the wheel; when the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 is large, under the action of centrifugal force, the water without vaporization is thrown to the rim 21 by the water outlet ring gear 33 on the water-cooled brake drum 23, the water impacts the rim 21 to generate sound with certain volume, in addition, because the gear teeth of the water outlet ring gear 33 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the water-cooled brake drum 23, the sound generated by the water impacting the rim 21 has a frequency change rule, so that the volume and the frequency of the sound generated by the water impacting the rim 21 can be measured by the sound measuring sensor 31, whether the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 is proper or not is judged, and further, the water spraying amount of the water outlet hole 38 is controlled by the controller 51 through the water pump 45 and the water flow electromagnetic valve 47.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,

the water-cooling brake drum is arranged on the wheel hub;

the brake plug unit is in fit contact with the water-cooled brake drum and comprises a brake shoe assembly, a piston assembly and a friction plate, and the piston assembly and the friction plate are respectively connected with the brake shoe assembly;

the air outlet unit comprises an air outlet pipe in the drum and an air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe in the drum is arranged on the brake bottom plate, the air outlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the water-cooling brake drum, and the air outlet pipe comprises an air outlet pipe out of the drum and a water outlet pipe and is communicated with the inner cavity of the water-cooling brake drum; and the number of the first and second groups,

the cooling unit is connected with the air outlet unit and comprises an air cooling assembly and a water cooling assembly, the air cooling assembly is respectively connected with the air outlet pipe in the drum and the air outlet pipe out of the drum, and the water cooling assembly is connected with the water outlet pipe.

2. A water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the edge of the radial outer side wall of the water-cooling brake drum is provided with a water outlet toothed ring, the side wall of the outer cylindrical surface of the water-cooling brake drum is provided with a brake drum air outlet hole, and the water outlet toothed ring and the brake drum air outlet hole are provided with a plurality of groups and are uniformly distributed.

3. A water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the brake shoe assembly comprises a brake shoe, a supporting pin and a return spring, the brake shoe is symmetrically arranged, one end of the brake shoe is hinged to the brake bottom plate through the supporting pin, the other end of the brake shoe is in contact with the piston assembly, and two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the side wall of the brake shoe at one end of the piston assembly;

the piston assembly comprises a cylinder body, brake fluid and a piston, the piston is symmetrically arranged in the cylinder body, the brake fluid is filled in the cylinder body, and the telescopic end of the piston is connected with the end part of the brake shoe;

the friction plate is arranged on the outer side wall of the brake shoe and can be in matched contact with the inner cavity side wall of the water-cooling brake drum.

4. A water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the air outlet pipe in the drum is annular, and is positioned on the side wall of the pipe body of the air outlet pipe, and air outlet holes in the drum are formed in the side wall of the pipe body of the air outlet pipe, multiple groups of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed in the drum, and all the holes face the side wall of the inner cavity of the water-cooling brake drum.

5. The water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of claim 4, characterized in that: the water outlet air pipe also comprises a pipe bracket, and the air blowing-out air pipe and the water outlet pipe are both connected with the pipe bracket;

the side wall of the ring of the air blowing-out pipe is uniformly provided with air blowing-out holes;

and water outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the circular side wall of the water outlet pipe.

6. The water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake of claim 5, characterized by: the diameter of the ring of the air blowing-out air pipe is larger than that of the ring of the water outlet pipe, and the diameter of the circle of the air blowing-out air hole is larger than that of the circle of the water outlet hole.

7. The water and air cooled automotive drum brake of claim 2, characterized by: the air outlet unit further comprises a guide ring and a guide ring screw, the guide ring is connected to the outer side of the water-cooling brake drum through the guide ring screw, and the inner cavity of the guide ring is communicated with the air outlet hole of the brake drum.

8. A water-and air-cooled automotive drum brake according to any one of claims 1, 3, 6 and 7, characterized in that: the air cooling assembly comprises an air inlet main pipe, a fan, an intermediate air pipe and an air pipe joint, the air inlet main pipe, the fan, the intermediate air pipe and the air pipe joint are sequentially connected, and the air pipe joint is respectively connected with the air outlet pipe in the drum and the air outlet pipe out of the drum;

the water cooling assembly comprises a water inlet pipe, a water pump, a middle water pipe and a water pipe connector, wherein the water inlet pipe is connected with the water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected with the water pipe connector through the middle water pipe, and the water pipe connector is connected with the water outlet pipe;

and a water flow electromagnetic valve is arranged on the middle water pipe.

9. A water-cooled and air-cooled automobile drum brake system is characterized in that: an automotive drum brake including water and air cooling according to the preceding claim, further comprising,

the monitoring unit comprises a temperature sensor and an acoustic sensor, wherein the temperature sensor can monitor the temperature on the water-cooled brake drum, and the acoustic sensor is used for monitoring the impact sound of water impacting the hub;

the control unit comprises a controller and a battery, the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the sound measuring sensor, the fan and the water flow electromagnetic valve through electric wires, and the battery provides electric energy for the controller, the temperature sensor, the sound measuring sensor, the fan and the water flow electromagnetic valve.

10. The water-cooled and air-cooled automotive drum brake system according to claim 9, further comprising: the following control method is adopted:

during braking, when the temperature sensor monitors that the temperature on the water-cooling brake drum is greater than a set temperature threshold value, the air-cooling assembly and the water-cooling assembly are started to cool together;

and when braking is finished, the water-cooling assembly is closed, and when the temperature of the water-cooling brake drum is smaller than a set temperature threshold value, the air-cooling assembly is closed.