CN112553907A - 染色同浴用多功能除油剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

染色同浴用多功能除油剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112553907A
CN112553907A CN202011600856.4A CN202011600856A CN112553907A CN 112553907 A CN112553907 A CN 112553907A CN 202011600856 A CN202011600856 A CN 202011600856A CN 112553907 A CN112553907 A CN 112553907A
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徐美君
赵洪秀
查鹏程
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Jiangsu Nimate Science And Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，其特征在于按质量百分比，其组成如下：脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚、甘油醚油酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、酚醚硫酸铵盐、聚醚改性硅醚酯、乙二醇单丁醚或二乙二醇单丁醚和水。在本发明所述的染色同浴用多功能除油剂应用方便，操作简单化，只加一款助剂就可以。在效果方面，在织物染色时具有较佳的分散染料以及匀染作用，另外具有低泡性，易清洗，在一浴法染色多纤维织物时，除油干净，除下的油渍分散于染液中，不回粘于布面与染缸内壁，从而能够有效避免色花、色斑、染色不均等问题符合节能环保要求。

Description

染色同浴用多功能除油剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一款染色同浴用多功能除油剂及其制备方法，用于化纤混纺织物染色除油同浴。属于纺织助剂领域。
背景技术
市场变幻万千，日益更新，目前粗纺呢市场先后开发雪尼尔、羊羔绒等，要一整套的助剂来配合这个产品的使用。根据市场与客户的要求，希望提供一款适合这些混纺织物的染色的助剂，这款助剂要求有多功能性，一剂搞定，也就是说要集除油、匀染、缓染、分散、低泡为一体的多功能助剂。
目前的不足处与特殊性如下：
1、涤、腈都是化纤组份，含油较多，例如涤纶在纺丝过程中要加纺丝油剂，在织造过程中会加入针织油剂或纺纱油剂，并会粘染一些外来的油污，这些油污必须在染色前去除，否则会造成染色的色花、斑点等染疵。按照常规染色的加工工艺，先采用除油（前处理）再进行染色的方式进行，工艺流程长，耗水量大，不适合现在节能减排的环保主题要求。
2、众所周知，涤纶用分散染料、腈纶用阳离子染料。一浴染色中，染料种类比较杂，易生成沉淀，产生色点、色斑。
3、分散染料的特点：微溶于水，借助分散剂的作用悬浮于染液中，高温时易凝聚成大颗粒。
针对上述难题与特殊性，我公司研发了这款产品。希望帮助印染厂实现除油、染色同浴加工，可以有效节省时间，节约用水，节约电和蒸汽能源的同时实现均匀染色的效果。
发明内容
本发明目的在于根据上述要求，提供一款适合涤、腈化纤混纺粗纺呢染色的助剂，这款助剂要求有多功能性，一剂搞定，也就是说要集除油、匀染、缓染、分散、低泡为一体的多功能助剂。
本发明的技术解决方案是：
一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，按质量百分比，其组成如下：
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚：10-20%
改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚：5-10%
甘油醚油酸酯：1-3%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（80EO）：1-2%
异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚（1340）：1-3%
酚醚硫酸铵盐：2-5%
聚醚改性硅醚酯：0.3-1%
乙二醇单丁醚或二乙二醇单丁醚：5-10%
水：余量。
所述的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚可优先选用十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚或十三烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚。脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚为非离子表面活性剂，本身具有较强的乳化力、分散力和洗涤力，对染料分散具有较佳的效果，同时对油污的去除有一定的效果。
所述的改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚为脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚通过氨基磺酸改性，摩尔比1：1～1.2结构通式为：
Figure 111630DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中，R=十八个碳直连烷基，可为饱和烷基，也可为不饱和烷基；X+Y=5-8。
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚为除油的主体，改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚为除油辅助主体且具有匀染作用。
甘油醚油酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚三者混合使用，可以达到缓染效果，同时分散性好，防止去除的油剂回粘至面料上，无色花，无溅色。
聚醚改性硅醚酯应用时降低泡沫，有效溶解染料，增加染色的分散性。
上述物料混合过程中相互之间不相容，产品容易混浊变稠，不能贮存，无法后续正常使用，故加入乙二醇单丁醚或二乙二醇单丁醚，可以调节各物质之间的相容性，起调节产品粘度与外观稳定的作用，具有协同增效效应。
所述聚醚改性硅醚酯为聚醚改性有机硅乳液，具有消泡性能，在染色浴中抑制泡沫的产生，并且在高温下有极佳的稳定性，不会产生硅斑。
所述的一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂适用于纯化纤织物如涤纶和腈纶的混纺织物。
与现有技术相比，本申请的有益效果在于：
本申请除油剂适合于含化纤的混纺织物如涤腈混纺织物，能满足除油与染色同时进行，具有如下特点：1、在染色升温过程中和整个高温保温过程中，除油干净，乳化下来的油分散在水中，在降温与排液时可防止回粘于布面。2、适用于一浴染色中，分散性好，相容性好，不易生成沉淀，无色点、色斑现象。3、助剂具有高温匀染剂的性能，适用于高温环境。
在本发明所述的染色同浴用多功能除油剂应用方便，操作简单化，只加一款助剂就可以。在效果方面，在织物染色时具有较佳的分散染料以及匀染作用，另外具有低泡性，易清洗，在一浴法染色多纤维织物时，除油干净，除下的油渍分散于染液中，不回粘于布面与染缸内壁，从而能够有效避免色花、色斑、染色不均等问题，更能避免多种助剂混合时因为不相容而发生的沉积，同时省时省电省水，节能减排，有效提高经济效益，更加符合节能环保要求。
附图说明
图1为除油效果试样对比效果图。
图2为同浴染色试样对比效果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施案1：
一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，按质量百分比，其组成如下：
十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚：15%
氨基磺酸改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚：10%
甘油醚油酸酯：2%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（80EO）：1%
异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚（1340）：2%
酚醚硫酸铵盐：3%
聚醚改性硅醚酯：0.4%
乙二醇单丁醚：8%
水：余量。
制备方法如下：按质量百分比分别称取上述物品，然后投入到反应釜内，加入水，升温至50℃-60℃，充分搅拌均匀，即得染色同浴用多功能除油剂。
实施案例2：
一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，其质量份组成如下：
十三烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚（8EO）：15%
氨基磺酸改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚： 10%
甘油醚油酸酯：1%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（80EO）：2%
异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚（1340）：3%
酚醚硫酸铵盐：%
聚醚改性硅醚酯：1%
乙二醇单丁醚：9%
水：余量。
制备方法同实施案例1。
实施案例3：
一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，其组成如下：
十三烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚（10EO）：15%
氨基磺酸改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚： 10%
甘油醚油酸酯：3%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（80EO）：2%
异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚（1340）：1%
酚醚硫酸铵盐：2%
聚醚改性硅醚酯：0.3%
二乙二醇单丁醚：5%
水：余量。
制备方法同实施案例1。
实施案例4：
一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，按质量百分比，其组成如下：
十三烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚（8EO）：15%
氨基磺酸改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚： 10%
甘油醚油酸酯：2%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（80EO）：2%
异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚（1340）：2%
酚醚硫酸铵盐：3%
聚醚改性硅醚酯：0.7%
乙二醇单丁醚：7%
水：余量。
制备方法同实施案例1。
对比例1：（不使用异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚和酚醚硫酸铵盐）
一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，按质量百分比，其组成如下：
十三烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚（8EO）：15%
氨基磺酸改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚：10%
甘油醚油酸酯：5%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（80EO）：5%
聚醚改性硅醚酯：0.4%
乙二醇单丁醚：7%
水：余量。
制备方法同实施案例1。
应用说明：
一、除油效果：
染色同浴用多功能除油剂用量为0.5-2%（o.w.f）（相对于待处理织物的总质量）即可。加工温度为常规温度（98℃-130℃），加工时间为常规染色时间（50-60min），视面料种类选择加工温度和加工时间。
污布试样的制备：先将涤腈混纺（涤80%，腈20%）织物用氯仿萃取干净，然后滴加由白油、机油、石油醚、油溶蓝按一定比例配制而成的混合油污3滴，另外于空白处滴深色废机油3滴，然后室温晾干，制成污布样本，参见图1。
取污布试样分别采用实施案例1-4、对比例1所得的产品进行洗涤，对比洗涤结果。
每个污布试样分开水洗，水洗时使用蒸馏水洗，水洗必须充分，脱水，80℃烘干布样。水洗工艺为浸渍工艺，所应用的织物为涤腈混纺织物，除油温度为100℃，除油时间为30分钟，工作液pH为4-5。
表1 除油效果的工艺对比
指标 实施例1产品 实施例2产品 实施例3产品 实施例4产品 对比例1 空白对比
工艺温度 100℃ 100℃ 100℃ 100℃ 100℃ 100℃
工艺时间 30min 30min 30min 30min 30min 30min
除油剂用量 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0
效果 详见图1中实施例1 效果与实施例1接近 效果与实施例1接近 详见图1中实施例4 详见图1中对比例1 详见图1中空白对比
由图1可知，空白对比，即不使用除油剂进行洗涤时，与图1中污布试样进行对比，仅将油污变淡，而且有黑色杂点再次粘染到织物上；采用对比例1除油剂进行洗涤时，油污颜色比空白对比例变淡，当时仍有杂点再次粘染到织物上，且原油污点清晰可见；本申请实施例1-4，深色废机油印记已消除，无再次粘染形成的杂点，混合油污印记也变淡，以实施例4效果最佳。
二、同浴染色效果
使用常温常压染色机，（织物涤80%，腈20%）加入染料与实施例与对比例同浴染色除油剂，不使用其它助剂，同浴染色除油剂的溶液浓度为1-2g/L，pH值为5-5.5，然后升温染色，染色工艺为升温速度1度/分钟，100℃保温30分钟；染后热水清洗，浴比为1:5-10。效果详见表2
表2 同浴染色效果的工艺对比
指标 实施例1产品 实施例2产品 实施例3产品 实施例4产品 对比例1 空白对比
工艺温度 100℃ 100℃ 100℃ 100℃ 100℃ 100℃
保温时间 30min 30min 30min 30min 30min 30min
除油剂用量 1g/L 1g/L 1g/L 1g/L 1g/L 0
浴比 1:10 1:10 1:10 1:10 1:10 1:10
效果 详见图2 详见图2 详见图2 详见图2 详见图2 详见图2
通过同浴染色效果对比可知，本申请实施例1-4与对比例、空白例的对比可知，不使用除油剂的空白例，其上色效果不好，颜色最淡；使用对比例1中的除油剂，织物染色后有黑斑，而实施例1-4的同浴染色效果均较好。

Claims (4)

1.一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂，其特征在于按质量百分比，其组成如下：
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚：10-20%
改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚：5-10%
甘油醚油酸酯：1-3%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（80EO）：1-2%
异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚（1340）：1-3%
酚醚硫酸铵盐：2-5%
聚醚改性硅醚酯：0.3-1%
乙二醇单丁醚或二乙二醇单丁醚：5-10%
水：余量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的染色同浴用多功能除油剂，其特征在于：所述的脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚选用十二烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚或十三烷基醇聚氧乙烯醚。
3.根据权利要求1所述的染色同浴用多功能除油剂，其特征在于：所述的改性脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚为脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚通过氨基磺酸改性，摩尔比1：1～1.2。
4.一种染色同浴用多功能除油剂制备方法，其特征在于按权利要求1中物料质量百分比分别称取上述物品，然后投入到反应釜内，加入水，升温至50℃-60℃，充分搅拌均匀，即得染色同浴用多功能除油剂。
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