CN112552225A - Triarylamine organic compound with carbazole as core and application thereof - Google Patents
Triarylamine organic compound with carbazole as core and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a triarylamine organic compound taking carbazole as a core and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of semiconductors, and the structure of the compound provided by the invention is shown as a general formula (I):the invention also discloses application of the compound. The compound provided by the invention has a strong electron blocking effect, and the recombination efficiency of excitons in the light-emitting layer is improved; when the material is used as a light-emitting functional layer material of an OLED light-emitting device, the invention is matched withThe branched chains within the range can effectively improve the exciton utilization rate and the radiation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductors, in particular to a triarylamine organic compound taking carbazole as a core and application thereof.
Background
At present, the OLED display technology has been applied in the fields of smart phones, tablet computers, and the like, and will further expand to large-size application fields such as televisions, but compared with actual product application requirements, the light emitting efficiency, the service life, and other performances of the OLED device need to be further improved. The research on the improvement of the performance of the OLED light emitting device includes: the driving voltage of the device is reduced, the luminous efficiency of the device is improved, the service life of the device is prolonged, and the like. In order to realize the continuous improvement of the performance of the OLED device, not only the innovation of the structure and the manufacturing process of the OLED device but also the continuous research and innovation of the OLED photoelectric functional material are needed to create the functional material of the OLED with higher performance.
The photoelectric functional materials of the OLED applied to the OLED device can be divided into two broad categories from the application, i.e., charge injection transport materials and light emitting materials, and further, the charge injection transport materials can be further divided into electron injection transport materials, electron blocking materials, hole injection transport materials and hole blocking materials, and the light emitting materials can be further divided into main light emitting materials and doping materials.
In order to fabricate a high-performance OLED light-emitting device, various organic functional materials are required to have good photoelectric properties, for example, as a charge transport material, good carrier mobility, high glass transition temperature, etc. are required, and as a host material of a light-emitting layer, a material having good bipolar property, appropriate HOMO/LUMO energy level, etc. is required.
The OLED photoelectric functional material film layer for forming the OLED device at least comprises more than two layers of structures, and the OLED device structure applied in industry comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and other various film layers, namely the photoelectric functional material applied to the OLED device at least comprises a hole injection material, a hole transport material, a light emitting material, an electron transport material and the like, and the material type and the matching form have the characteristics of richness and diversity. In addition, for the collocation of OLED devices with different structures, the used photoelectric functional materials have stronger selectivity, and the performance of the same materials in the devices with different structures can also be completely different.
Therefore, aiming at the industrial application requirements of the current OLED device, different functional film layers of the OLED device and the photoelectric characteristic requirements of the device, a more suitable OLED functional material or material combination with high performance needs to be selected to realize the comprehensive characteristics of high efficiency, long service life and low voltage of the device. In terms of the actual demand of the current OLED display illumination industry, the development of the current OLED material is far from enough, and lags behind the requirements of panel manufacturing enterprises, and the development of organic functional materials with higher performance is very important as a material enterprise.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present applicant provides a triarylamine organic compound with carbazole as the core and its application. The compound has higher glass transition temperature, higher molecular thermal stability and proper HOMO energy level, and can effectively improve the photoelectric property of an OLED device and the service life of the OLED device through device structure optimization.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a triarylamine organic compound taking carbazole as a core is disclosed, and the structure of the organic compound is shown in a general formula (1):
in the general formula (I), L1、L2Each independently represents a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted C6-30Arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-30Heteroarylene radical, L1、L2May be the same or different;
the R is1Is represented by substituted or unsubstituted C6-30An aryl group;
the R is2、R3Each independently represents substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C30A heteroaryl group;
by "substituted" is meant that at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium atom, tritium atom, cyano group, halogen atom, C1-C10Alkyl radical, C6-C30Aryl radical, C2-C30One or more heteroaryl groups.
As a further improvement of the invention, R is1Represented as substituted or unsubstitutedNaphthyl, substituted or unsubstituted pyrenyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrenyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzophenanthrenyl.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the general formula (I) may be represented by a structure represented by general formula (I-1) to general formula (I-3):
as a further improvement of the invention, L is1、L2Each independently represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyridine group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranylene group;
the R is2、R3Independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dimethylfluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted diphenylfluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted spirofluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dimethylxanthene group, a substituted or unsubstituted dimethylthioxanthene group;
the substituent of the substitutable group is selected from one or more of deuterium atom, tritium atom, fluorine atom, methoxyl group, cyano group, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, tertiary butyl group, amyl group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, biphenyl group, phenanthryl group, benzophenanthryl group, pyrenyl group, dimethyl fluorenyl group, diphenyl fluorenyl group, spirofluorenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothienyl group and carbazolyl group.
As a further improvement of the invention, the specific structure of the organic compound is as follows:
the second aspect of the present invention is to provide the use of the above triarylamine-based organic compound with carbazole as the core in the preparation of organic electroluminescent devices.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an organic electroluminescent device comprising a cathode, an anode and an organic functional layer interposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the organic functional layer contains the triarylamine-based organic compound having carbazole as a core.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an organic electroluminescent device comprising an electron blocking layer containing the triarylamine-based organic compound having carbazole as a core.
A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a full-color display device including, in order from bottom to top, a substrate, a first electrode, an organic functional material layer, and a second electrode, the organic functional material layer including: a hole transport region over the first electrode; a light emitting layer on the hole transport region, the light emitting layer having a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer and a blue light emitting layer patterned in a red pixel region, a green pixel region and a blue pixel region, respectively; an electron transport region over the light emitting layer; the hole transport region sequentially comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer and a hole transport auxiliary layer from bottom to top, the hole injection layer comprises a P-type doping material, the red pixel unit, the green pixel unit and the blue pixel unit share the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer and respectively comprise the hole transport auxiliary layer, and the hole transport region comprises the triarylamine organic compound which takes carbazole as a core and is shown in a general formula (I).
A sixth aspect of the present invention is to provide a lighting or display element having such features, including the organic electroluminescent device described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) the compound takes carbazole as a core, the LUMO energy level can be properly adjusted, the function of electron blocking is achieved, and the recombination efficiency of excitons in a light-emitting layer is improved; meanwhile, the singlet energy level (T1) of the compound can be improved, the TTA effect (singlet annihilation, so that one molecule is in an excited singlet state) is increased, the exciton utilization rate can be effectively improved, the voltage of the device is reduced, the current efficiency of the device is improved, and the service life of the device is prolonged. The compound has good application effect in OLED luminescent devices and good industrialization prospect.
(2) The branched chains of the compound are radial, so that the distance between molecules is increased, and the compound has higher Tg temperature and smaller intermolecular force. The compound has lower evaporation temperature due to smaller intermolecular force, thereby not only ensuring that the evaporation material is not decomposed for a long time in mass production, but also reducing the deformation influence of heat radiation of the evaporation temperature on the Mask.
(3) The structure of the compound contains a carbazole structure, so that the compound has a wider band gap, and the compound is ensured to be free of absorption in the field of visible light; in addition, the distance between molecules is increased, the interaction force between molecules is weakened, so that the evaporation temperature is low, and the industrial processing window of the material is widened.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED device using the materials listed in the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a transparent substrate layer, 2 is an anode layer, 3 is a hole injection layer, 4 is a hole transport layer, 5 is an electron blocking layer, 6 is a light emitting layer, 7 is an electron transport or hole blocking layer, 8 is an electron injection layer, 9 is a cathode layer, and 10 is a CPL layer.
Detailed Description
Example 1: synthesis of intermediate B1:
adding 0.01mol of raw material 1-1, 0.012mol of raw material 2-1, 150ml of toluene into a 250ml three-neck flask under the protection of nitrogen, stirring and mixing, and then adding 5X 10-5molPd2(dba)3,5×10-5mol P(t-Bu)3Heating 0.03mol of sodium tert-butoxide to 105 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 24 hours, and sampling a sample point plate to complete the reaction; naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, carrying out rotary evaporation on the filtrate until no fraction is obtained, and passing through a neutral silica gel column to obtain a target product intermediate B1; HPLC purity 99.37%, yield 73.4%; elemental analysis Structure (molecular formula C)34H23NO): theoretical value C, 88.48; h, 5.02; n, 3.03; test values are: c, 88.45; h, 5.01; and N, 3.01. ESI-MS (M/z) (M +): theoretical value is 461.18, found 461.21.
The intermediates B required in the examples are synthesized as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Example 2: synthesis of intermediate C1:
in a nitrogen atmosphere, 0.01mol of 3-1 of the raw material, 0.025mol of 4-1 of the raw material, 0.03mol of sodium tert-butoxide, 5X 10-5mol Pd2(dba)3And 5X 10-5mol of tri-tert-butylphosphine, dissolving in 150ml of toluene, heating to 100 deg.C, refluxing for 24 hours, and observing the reaction by TLC until the reaction is completeAnd (4) completing. Naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, and rotatably evaporating the filtrate until no fraction is obtained. The resulting material was purified by column on silica gel (petroleum ether as eluent) to give intermediate C-1. HPLC purity 98.18%, yield 82.6%; elemental analysis Structure (C)34H20BrN) theoretical value: c, 78.17; h, 3.86; br, 15.29; n, 2.68; test values are: c, 78.17; h, 3.86; br, 15.29; and N, 2.68. ESI-MS (M/z) (M +): the molecular weight of the material is 521.08, and the measured molecular weight is 521.27.
The intermediates C required in the examples are synthesized as shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Example 3: synthesis of compound 14:
adding 0.01mol of intermediate B1, 0.012mol of intermediate C1 and 150ml of toluene into a 250ml three-neck flask under the protection of nitrogen, stirring and mixing, and then adding 5X 10-5molPd2(dba)3,5×10-5mol P(t-Bu)3Heating 0.03mol of sodium tert-butoxide to 105 ℃, carrying out reflux reaction for 24 hours, and sampling a sample point plate to complete the reaction; naturally cooling to room temperature, filtering, rotatably evaporating the filtrate until no fraction is obtained, and passing through a neutral silica gel column to obtain the target product with the HPLC purity of 99.63 percent and the yield of 79.4 percent. Elemental analysis Structure (molecular formula C)68H42N2O): theoretical value C, 90.44; h, 4.69; n, 3.10; test value C, 90.47; h, 4.65; and N, 3.12. ESI-MS (M/z) (M +): calculated 902.33, found 902.39.1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.22(dt,1H),8.17–8.10(m,2H),8.06–7.94(m,8H),7.87–7.76(m,3H),7.76(dt,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.67–7.53(m,9H),7.53–7.37(m,7H),7.37–7.31(m,1H),7.31–7.23(m,4H),7.23–7.11(m,5H).
The preparation of examples 4-22 was similar to that of example 3, and the specific structures of intermediate B, intermediate C and the product used in this example, as well as the structural characterization of the final product, are shown in tables 3a and 3B.
TABLE 3a
TABLE 3b
The compound of the invention is used in a light-emitting device and can be used as an electron blocking layer material. The compounds prepared in the above examples of the present invention were tested for thermal performance, T1 energy level, HOMO energy level and hole mobility, respectively, and the test results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
Note: the triplet energy level T1 was measured by Fluorolog-3 series fluorescence spectrometer from Horiba under the conditions of 2 x 10-5A toluene solution of mol/L; the glass transition temperature Tg is determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC,DSC204F1 differential scanning calorimeter of German Nachi company), and the heating rate is 10 ℃/min; the thermogravimetric temperature Td is a temperature at which 1% of the weight loss is observed in a nitrogen atmosphere, and is measured on a TGA-50H thermogravimetric analyzer of Shimadzu corporation, Japan, and the nitrogen flow rate is 20 mL/min; the highest occupied molecular orbital HOMO energy level is tested by an ionization energy testing system (IPS-3), and the test is a nitrogen environment; eg is tested by a double-beam ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (model: TU-1901); and (3) testing hole mobility, namely preparing the material into a single-charge device and measuring by using an SCLC (liquid crystal display cell) method.
The data in the table show that the organic compound has a proper HOMO energy level and can be applied to an electron blocking layer, and the organic compound has high hole mobility and high thermal stability, so that the efficiency and the service life of the OLED device containing the organic compound are improved.
The application effect of the synthesized OLED material of the present invention in the device is detailed by device examples 1-20 and device comparative example 1. Compared with the device comparative example 1, the device examples 1 to 20 of the present invention have the same manufacturing process, and adopt the same substrate material and electrode material, and the film thickness of the electrode material is also kept consistent, except that the material of the electron blocking layer in the device is replaced.
Device comparative example 1
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, the anode layer 2(ITO (15nm)/Ag (150nm)/ITO (15nm)) is washed, that is, washed with alkali, washed with pure water, dried, and then washed with ultraviolet rays and ozone to remove organic residues on the surface of the anode layer 1. HT-1 and P-1 having a film thickness of 10nm were deposited on the anode layer 2 after the above washing as the hole injection layer 3 by a vacuum deposition apparatus, and the mass ratio of HT-1 to P-1 was 97: 3. Next, HT-1 was evaporated to a thickness of 130nm as a hole transport layer 4. EB-1 was then evaporated to a thickness of 10nm as an electron blocking layer 5. After the evaporation of the electron blocking material is finished, the light emitting layer 6 of the OLED light emitting device is manufactured, and the structure of the OLED light emitting device comprises that BH-1 used by the OLED light emitting layer 6 is used as a main material, BD-1 is used as a doping material, the doping proportion of the doping material is 3% by weight, and the thickness of the light emitting layer is 20 nm. After the light-emitting layer 6, ET-1 and Liq are continuously evaporated, wherein the mass ratio of ET-1 to Liq is 1: 1. The vacuum-deposited film thickness of this material was 35nm, and this layer was a hole-blocking/electron-transporting layer 7. On the hole-blocking/electron-transporting layer 7, a Yb layer having a film thickness of 1nm, which is an electron-injecting layer 8, was formed by a vacuum evaporation apparatus. On the electron injection layer 8, a vacuum deposition apparatus was used to produce a 15 nm-thick Mg: the Ag electrode layer has a Mg/Ag mass ratio of 1:9, and is used as the cathode layer 9. On the cathode layer 9, 70nm of CP-1 was vacuum-deposited as a CPL layer 10.
The molecular structural formula of the related material is shown as follows:
after the OLED light emitting device was completed as described above, the anode and cathode were connected by a known driving circuit, and the current efficiency, the light emission spectrum, and the lifetime of the device were measured. Specific structures of device examples 1 to 20 and device comparative example 2 prepared in the same manner are shown in table 5; the results of the current efficiency, voltage and lifetime tests of the resulting devices are shown in table 6.
TABLE 5
TABLE 6
Note: voltage, current efficiency and color coordinates were measured using an IVL (Current-Voltage-Brightness) test System (Fushda scientific instruments, Suzhou) at a current density of 10mA/cm2(ii) a The life test system is an EAS-62C type OLED device life tester of Japan System research company; LT95 refers to the time it takes for the device luminance to decay to 95% at a particular luminance (blue: 1000 nits).
It can be seen from the device data results that the organic light emitting device of the present invention achieves a greater improvement in both efficiency and lifetime compared to the device comparative example over the OLED device of known materials.
Claims (8)
1. A triarylamine organic compound with carbazole as a core is characterized in that the structure of the organic compound is shown as a general formula (1):
in the general formula (I), L1、L2Each independently represents a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted C6-30Arylene, substituted or unsubstituted C2-30Heteroarylene radical, L1、L2May be the same or different;
the R is1Is represented by substituted or unsubstituted C6-30An aryl group;
the R is2、R3Each independently represents substituted or unsubstituted C6-C30Aryl, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C30A heteroaryl group;
by "substituted" is meant that at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by a substituent selected from the group consisting of: deuterium atom, tritium atom, cyano group, halogen atom, C1-C10Alkyl radical, C6-C30Aryl radical, C2-C30One or more heteroaryl groups.
2. The organic compound of claim 1, wherein R is1Represented by a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyrenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthrenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzophenanthrenyl group.
4. the organic compound of claim 1 or 2, wherein L is1、L2Each independently represents a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyridine group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted terphenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted pyridylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranylene group;
the R is2、R3Independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted biphenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted phenanthryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dimethylfluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted diphenylfluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted spirofluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzofuranyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dibenzothiophenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted carbazolyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted dimethylxanthene group, a substituted or unsubstituted dimethylthioxanthene group;
the substituent of the substitutable group is selected from one or more of deuterium atom, tritium atom, fluorine atom, methoxyl group, cyano group, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, tertiary butyl group, amyl group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, biphenyl group, phenanthryl group, benzophenanthryl group, pyrenyl group, dimethyl fluorenyl group, diphenyl fluorenyl group, spirofluorenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothienyl group and carbazolyl group.
6. an organic electroluminescent device comprises a cathode, an anode and an organic functional layer, wherein the organic functional layer is positioned between the cathode and the anode, and is characterized in that at least one organic functional layer of the organic electroluminescent device contains the triarylamine organic compound which takes carbazole as a core in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 6, wherein the organic functional layer comprises an electron blocking layer, and the electron blocking layer comprises the triarylamine-based organic compound having carbazole as a core according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A lighting or display element comprising the organic electroluminescent device according to any one of claims 6 or 7.
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CN111362810A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 江苏三月光电科技有限公司 | Compound containing dibenzosuberene and application thereof in organic electroluminescent device |
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KR20150022461A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-03-04 | 에스케이케미칼주식회사 | Compound for organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescent device comprising the same |
CN110386894A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-29 | 北京鼎材科技有限公司 | A kind of hole mobile material and its application |
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CN110577511A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-17 | 江苏三月光电科技有限公司 | Compound with triarylamine structure as core and preparation method thereof |
CN111362810A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 江苏三月光电科技有限公司 | Compound containing dibenzosuberene and application thereof in organic electroluminescent device |
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CN113861043A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-31 | 北京鼎材科技有限公司 | Compound and application thereof |
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