CN112550634B - Concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep sea and ocean and construction method - Google Patents
Concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep sea and ocean and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112550634B CN112550634B CN202011464854.7A CN202011464854A CN112550634B CN 112550634 B CN112550634 B CN 112550634B CN 202011464854 A CN202011464854 A CN 202011464854A CN 112550634 B CN112550634 B CN 112550634B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/06—Placing concrete under water
Abstract
The invention provides a concrete floating island on-site construction device and a construction method applied to deep sea and ocean. The concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean comprises: the template sinking and floating control device, the template surface and the internal and external water pressure balancing device; the template sinking and floating control device is arranged on the template surface and is used for controlling the template surface to float, sink or hover in liquid; the internal and external water pressure balancing device is arranged in a pouring space enclosed by at least one template surface and used for maintaining the internal and external pressure balance of the pouring space. The invention can carry out the pouring construction of the concrete floating island under water, thereby improving the construction safety, the construction efficiency and the construction quality and reducing the construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean and a construction method.
Background
Most of the traditional ocean platforms are made of steel, and steel is extremely easy to corrode in the salt-rich environment of the ocean, so that the steel ocean platforms are maintained frequently. Steel ocean platforms are generally required to be hauled from ocean to dock near continents for maintenance, the hauling cost is extremely high, and the process risk is very high; and the steel platform is relatively light in weight, so that the stability on the sea is relatively poor. Therefore, the assumption that the ocean platform in the deep and remote sea areas is built by using concrete is proposed, and the limitation above a steel platform can be broken through.
However, since concrete construction generally requires dry ground, it is generally necessary to cofferdam a construction area before a concrete structure in water is constructed, drain the water in the construction area to form dry ground, construct the concrete structure, and remove the cofferdam after the construction is completed to restore the original water area state. However, the construction method of the cofferdam cannot be adopted in deep and distant sea areas.
If the concrete material is used for constructing the floating island in the deep and distant sea area, the traditional large-scale offshore concrete structure can be only used for modular design and construction, and the construction mode is divided into three steps: firstly, prefabricating a floating island module on land; secondly, launching the floating island and conveying the floating island module to a designated sea area; and thirdly, carrying out installation on site.
The floating island module has huge mass and size, and a prefabricated site is often fixed in an offshore area in order to reduce land transportation distance; to transport large offshore heavy structures, modules are often transported from land to the working sea using offshore towing and the like.
The offshore transportation of the floating island module means that the floating island module prefabricated on land is firstly subjected to self-floating launching by adopting a water-pouring method (see the self-floating launching process of the immersed tube tunnel of the bridge in majonaugh harbor, pearl and Australia), and then is towed to an offshore installation site by adopting a barge or utilizing a self buoyancy device through a tugboat. The key of marine towing is the selection of towing vessels and the exploration towing route. The tug has enough power, can correctly control the stability of the towed structure under the set marine environment condition, and keeps a certain navigational speed; the towing route should avoid sea areas where sea damage accidents may occur and where the sea areas are affected by bad weather.
The integral floating installation method on the sea comprises a floating installation method and a jacking installation method. Need the anchoring location during the installation of floating support, alignment floating island module and pile foundation's mounted position guarantees that the floating island module does not collide with the instant of stake butt joint, consequently installs the floating island module through the floating support mounting method at present and must accomplish under the fine condition of weather condition, receives the climate constraint great. When jacking and installing, the floating island module is towed to the position near the pile foundation by one barge, then the floating island module is lifted from two sides by two barges with high-power windlasses and lifting rigid arms and slowly moved forwards to the upper part of the pile foundation, and the butt joint of the floating island module and the pile foundation is completed through the lifting rigid arms. When the jacking installation method is used for offshore operation, all loads act on the two floating barges, and the operation is very difficult to control, so that the offshore construction difficulty is high, the safety is difficult to grasp, and the installation weight and the application range are limited.
The floating island construction method for hauling the land precast concrete floating island to the site has the advantages of extremely high transportation cost, limited precast site, poor assembly and manufacture concealment, great influence caused by the fluctuation of the marine environment during installation, and extremely limited construction speed of the floating island and the volume of the floating island.
If the dry construction is performed by the self-floating form on water, there are the following problems:
firstly, the sealing problem: the sealing of gaps during the splicing of the templates is a great challenge, and dry construction can be formed only if the sealing is good and all template surfaces are watertight. To realize such sealing, on one hand, high requirements are put on the processing, manufacturing, assembling and daily maintenance of the formwork, and on the other hand, the construction is disturbed very much, and the safety, progress and quality of the construction are affected.
Secondly, the reciprocating stress problem of the template is as follows: when water in the drainage space surrounded by the templates is pumped to form a dry land, the resultant force applied to the templates is the water pressure extruded from outside to inside; however, after the self-compacting concrete is gradually poured in the drainage space, the resultant force direction of the template is changed from inside to outside (because the density of water is 1.0 kg/m)3The density of the self-compacting concrete is 2.4kg/m3About, the fluidity of freshly mixed self-compacting concrete is very good). Such reciprocating stress causes fatigue damage to the oversized template, and also puts higher requirements on the design and processing of the template.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention mainly aims to provide a concrete floating island on-site construction device and a construction method applied to deep ocean, so that the concrete floating island is cast under water, the construction safety, the construction efficiency and the construction quality are improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean, including:
the template sinking and floating control device, the template surface and the internal and external water pressure balancing device;
the template sinking and floating control device is arranged on the template surface and is used for controlling the template surface to float, sink or hover in liquid;
the internal and external water pressure balancing device is arranged in a pouring space enclosed by at least one template surface and used for maintaining the internal and external pressure balance of the pouring space.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a construction method of the concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to the deep ocean, which comprises the following steps:
connecting at least one template surface to form a self-floating template assembly to form a pouring space;
pouring concrete in the underwater pouring space to build the concrete floating island, and maintaining the balance of internal and external pressures of the pouring space through an internal and external water pressure balancing device arranged in the pouring space;
separating the templates forming the self-floating template assembly;
and sinking the template surface to a preset safe depth by controlling the template sinking and floating control device.
The concrete floating island on-site construction device and the construction method applied to the deep ocean can carry out pouring construction on the concrete floating island underwater, so that the construction safety, the construction efficiency and the construction quality are improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an assembled schematic view of a concrete floating island on-site construction apparatus applied to deep ocean in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a fiber structure in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a fibrous structure in another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the filament morphology in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fiber structure disposed in a casting space according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a construction method of a concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the stress applied to a formwork forming a closed drainage space before concrete is poured in the prior art;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the stress of a formwork forming a closed drainage space after concrete is poured in the prior art;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the force applied to a formwork forming a non-enclosed casting space before casting concrete according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the forces exerted by a form forming a non-enclosed casting space after casting concrete in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a separation template in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the floating of the template surface in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a system, apparatus, device, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.
In view of the fact that the prior art has high requirements on processing, manufacturing, assembling and daily maintenance of a template, and construction safety, construction progress and construction quality are affected, the embodiment of the invention provides a concrete floating island on-site construction device and a construction method applied to deep ocean, so that pouring construction of a concrete floating island is performed underwater, further construction safety, construction efficiency and construction quality are improved, and construction cost is reduced. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an assembly schematic view of a concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the concrete floating island on-site construction apparatus applied to the deep ocean includes:
the template sinking and floating control device 1, a template surface 6 and an internal and external water pressure balancing device 7;
the template floating and sinking control device 1 is arranged on the template surface 6 and is used for controlling the template surface 6 to float, sink or hover in liquid (such as water).
The internal and external water pressure balancing device 7 is disposed in the casting space 3 surrounded by at least one formwork surface 6, and is used for maintaining the internal and external pressure balance of the casting space 3.
In specific implementation, the casting space 3 is surrounded by formworks (for example, the formworks may include one bottom formwork 4 and four perimeter formworks 5 as shown in fig. 1), and the inner wall of the casting space 3 may also be used as a formwork surface. The template sinking and floating control device 1 can change the sinking and floating of the template and the accessory components thereof by changing the resultant force direction of the template surface and the accessory components thereof in the vertical direction.
In one embodiment, the template sinking and floating control device 1 consists of a water pump and a cavity; the water pump is communicated with the cavity and liquid outside the template surface 6 and is used for adjusting the liquid in the cavity to control the template surface 6 to float, sink or hover in the liquid.
Alternatively, the stencil floating and sinking control means 1 may be a power means for generating vertical power to control the stencil surface 6 to float, sink or hover in the liquid. When the template sinking and floating control device 1 generates an upward force, the template surface 6 floats upwards; when the formwork sinking and floating control device 1 generates a downward force, the formwork surface 6 sinks.
In one embodiment, the concrete floating island on-site construction device further comprises: the propeller is arranged on the template surface 6 and used for pushing the template surface 6 to move in the horizontal direction.
In one embodiment, the concrete floating island on-site construction device further comprises: a connecting member; the connectors are used to connect at least one template face 6 to form a self-floating template assembly 2.
In specific implementation, the connecting piece is connected with the template to form the self-floating template assembly 2, and the template comprises at least one template surface 6. As shown in fig. 1, the formworks may include a bottom plate formwork 4 and a circumferential formwork 5, and one bottom plate formwork 4 and four circumferential formworks 5 form a self-floating formwork assembly 2. The bottom plate template 4 and the circumference template 5 in fig. 1 are both template surfaces 6 provided with the template sinking and floating control device 1. The template can also adopt a common template without the template sinking and floating control device 1, as long as one of the templates is the template surface 6 with the template sinking and floating control device 1.
Still have the problem of concrete arrangement of reinforcement among the prior art: the large concrete structure needs reinforcement to realize the synergistic effect of the steel bars and the concrete and ensure the overall mechanical property of the structure. However, the high concentration of chloride ions in the marine environment can rapidly corrode the steel bars, which causes the volume expansion of the steel bars, the synergistic effect of the steel bars and the concrete is ineffective, and the reinforced concrete structure is damaged. The core of the durability problem of reinforced concrete is the corrosion problem of the steel bars, and the core of the corrosion problem of the steel bars is the reaction of the steel bars and chloride ions in the environment.
Because the fiber can not react with chloride ions, but can play a role similar to that of the steel bar in the concrete, the fiber is adopted to replace the steel bar in the reinforced concrete structure, the steel bar can be prevented from being corroded by seawater, and the bearing capacity of the concrete structure is improved. FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a fiber structure in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a fibrous structure in another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of filament morphology in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the fiber structure arranged in the casting space in the embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the concrete floating island on-site construction apparatus further includes: a fiber structure 9 composed of a plurality of connected fiber filaments 91; the fibre structure 9 is arranged in the casting space 3 enclosed by the formworks 8 for improving the bearing capacity of the concrete structure.
The formwork 8 is used for supporting a fiber structure 9 and comprises at least one formwork surface 6, and the formwork surface 6 is used for supporting the freshly mixed concrete to be hardened and formed and is a reference surface for hardening the concrete from a slurry state into a stone body and cementing other materials.
In one embodiment, the stencil surface 6 may be a flexible stencil surface or a rigid stencil surface. The rigid template surface can be a steel template surface, a bamboo template surface, a wood template surface, a plastic template surface or an aluminum template surface, etc. When the formwork surface 6 is a flexible formwork surface, the concrete floating island on-site construction device further comprises: stretching the bracket; the stretching bracket is connected with the flexible template surface and is used for applying tension to the flexible template surface so as to improve the rigidity of the flexible template surface.
The dashed lines in fig. 2 and 5 are the filaments used to connect the self-floating template assembly 2 to the fibrous structure 9. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the fiber structure 9 is connected to the opposite fixing points of the self-floating template assembly 2 by fiber filaments.
After the concrete structure is hardened, the fiber structure 9 can improve the bearing capacity of the concrete structure, and particularly can improve the tensile property of the concrete structure, because the fiber yarn 91 has high tensile strength. The fiber yarn 91 can be curled and folded, and has small occupied volume and convenient storage and transportation. According to the invention, the fiber wire is used for replacing metal reinforcement materials (such as steel bars) in the prior art, and the fiber structure 9 is used for replacing a reinforcement structure of concrete in the prior art, so that the weight of the reinforcement structure can be reduced, and the construction is simpler and more convenient. In addition, the fiber yarn replaces a metal reinforcing bar material in a concrete structure, so that the corrosion problem of the metal reinforcing bar material can be avoided, the concrete cracking and failure problems caused by the corrosion of the metal reinforcing bar material are avoided, and the durability of the concrete structure is improved.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the fibrous structure 9 is a net-like structure and/or a skeletal structure.
The fiber structure 9 in fig. 2 is a skeletal structure. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the fiber structure 9 of the skeleton structure may include vertical fibers 91 and loop fibers 91. The vertical fiber filaments are linear, and the end to end of each single fiber filament form the annular fiber filament. As shown in fig. 9, the fiber structure 9 of the skeleton structure includes four vertical fibers 91 and a plurality of annular fibers 91. The annular fiber yarns 91 and the vertical fiber yarns 92 can be connected in a fiber yarn binding, adhesive bonding or heating and melting fiber yarn connection point mode, and the distance between the annular fiber yarns along the vertical fiber yarn direction is set according to actual needs.
Further, the cross-sectional shape of the skeleton structure may be set according to actual needs, and the cross-sectional shape of the skeleton structure may be one or any combination of a circle, a polygon (including a square, a rectangle, a trapezoid, an equilateral triangle, and the like), and an irregular shape, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
The fibrous structure 9 in fig. 3 is a net-like structure. As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of filaments 91 may be arranged criss-cross to form a network structure to form the fiber structure 9, and the distance between two adjacent filaments 91 is set according to actual needs. A plurality of web-like fiber structures 9 can be arranged in the casting space 3.
The dots on the fiber filaments 21 in fig. 3 represent slip-resistant nodes 92, which function like ribs of ribbed steel bars and can enhance the grip of concrete on the fiber filaments; the anti-slip nodes 92 can be formed by knotting the fiber yarns, so that the flexibility of manufacturing the anti-slip nodes is improved, and technicians can set the number of the anti-slip nodes 92 on each fiber yarn according to actual needs.
The black triangles in fig. 3 at the intersections of filaments 91 are the filament junctions 93 in the fibrous structure 9. The plurality of fiber filaments 92 can be connected by fiber filament binding, adhesive bonding or heating to melt the fiber filament connection points 93, and the number of the fiber filaments in the fiber structure 9, the density of each fiber grid, the fiber filaments, the spacing and the intersection angle between the fiber filaments, and the like are set according to actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Based on the same invention concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a construction method of the concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean. Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a construction method of a concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to the deep ocean in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the construction method of the concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to the deep ocean includes:
s101: and connecting at least one template surface to form a self-floating template assembly to form a pouring space.
In one embodiment, S101 includes: the template sinking and floating control device 1 is fixed on a template surface 6, at least one template surface is connected through a connecting piece to form a self-floating template assembly 2, a pouring space 3 is formed, and an internal and external water pressure balancing device is arranged in the pouring space 3. In specific implementation, the self-floating template assembly 2 is formed by connecting a plurality of templates 8 through connecting pieces, and each template 8 comprises at least one template surface 6. When the template surface 6 is a flexible template surface, the flexible template surface can be connected with the tensioning support through the tensioning support, and the tensioning support can apply tension to the flexible template surface to improve the rigidity of the flexible template surface to form the pouring space 3.
In one embodiment, after executing S101, the method further includes: in the casting space 3 a fibre structure 9 is arranged.
In particular, the arrangement of the fibre structure 9 in the casting space 3 comprises:
1. the self-floating template assembly 2 floats to the water surface through the control template sinking and floating control device 1.
The template surface in the embodiment of the invention can leak water, the pouring space 3 is a non-closed space, and water in the pouring space 3 can be discharged through the template surface, so that the pouring space 3 floating to the water surface is a space without water.
2. The fibre structure is arranged in a casting space located above the water.
In specific implementation, a plurality of fiber yarns 91 are connected to form the fiber structure 9, then the fiber structure 9 is tensioned to the relative fixed point on the self-floating template assembly 2 through the fiber yarns to unfold the fiber structure 9, and the fiber structure is arranged by comprehensively considering the stress condition, the durability requirement, the material strength and the like of the concrete floating island to be built. Wherein the stiffness of the fiber structure after spreading is greater than the stiffness of the fiber structure before spreading.
The installation of the concrete floating island embedded parts can be carried out while arranging the fiber structure. The built-in fitting includes: various pipelines, channels, monitoring equipment, emergency facilities and the like. If necessary, a large-volume concrete water cooling temperature control pipeline can be arranged, and the temperature rise of the concrete can be adjusted and controlled in the concrete curing period.
3. The self-floating template assembly 2 is sunk through the control template sinking and floating control device 1.
S102: the method comprises the steps of pouring concrete in a pouring space under water to build a concrete floating island, and maintaining the balance of internal and external pressures of the pouring space through an internal and external water pressure balancing device arranged in the pouring space.
In one embodiment, casting concrete in a casting space located underwater to construct a concrete floating island comprises: injecting a water-soluble high molecular polymer solution into the pouring space to prevent the concrete entering the water-soluble high molecular polymer solution from dispersing; and pouring concrete into the pouring space to build the concrete floating island.
When the concrete is implemented, the water-soluble high molecular polymer is dissolved in water to form a water-soluble high molecular polymer solution, then the water-soluble high molecular polymer solution is injected into the pouring space in a self-flowing or pressure pouring mode, and the physical property of water can be changed by dissolving the water-soluble high molecular polymer solution in the water in the pouring space, so that concrete entering the water-soluble high molecular polymer solution is not dispersed. Then, concrete is poured into the pouring space in a conduit-free self-flowing, conduit-free self-flowing or pressure pipeline conveying mode, the concrete does not need to be vibrated in the pouring process, the underwater pouring space 3 can be compactly filled only by the self weight of the concrete, and the underwater undispersed concrete is finally formed.
The concrete in the embodiment of the invention is self-compacting concrete, and underwater anti-dispersion additives such as a tackifier, a flocculating agent and the like do not need to be added in the self-compacting concrete, so that the cost of underwater concrete construction and underwater grouting can be reduced. The self-compacting concrete in the embodiment of the invention has high flowing performance and self-compacting performance, realizes no dispersion under water, and can carry out self-flowing and pressure pouring on spaces with various sizes under water, thereby reducing the difficulty of underwater concrete construction and improving the adaptability of the underwater concrete construction to the environment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the stress applied to a formwork forming a closed drainage space before concrete is poured in the prior art. Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the stress of the prior art form forming the closed drainage space after concrete is poured. Fig. 9 is a schematic force diagram of a formwork forming a non-closed casting space before casting concrete in the embodiment of the invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the stress of the formwork forming the non-closed casting space after casting concrete in the embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 7-10, when water in the drainage space surrounded by the formworks is pumped to form dry land, the resultant force applied to the formworks is water pressure extruded from outside to inside; however, after the self-compacting concrete is gradually poured in the drainage space, the resultant force direction of the template is changed from inside to outside (because the density of water is 1.0 kg/m)3The density of the self-compacting concrete is 2.4kg/m3About, the fluidity of freshly mixed self-compacting concrete is very good). Such reciprocating stress causes fatigue damage to the oversized template, and also puts higher requirements on the design and processing of the template. The invention pours concrete in the pouring space under water, and maintains the balance of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the pouring space through the internal and external water pressure balancing device, thereby avoiding the overlarge internal and external water pressure difference of the pouring space and further avoiding the damage to the template and the concrete floating island.
The internal and external water pressure balancing device 7 of the embodiment of the invention maintains the water pressure balance between the pouring space and the external seawater in the process of building the concrete floating island, and ensures that the poured concrete is not carried away from the pouring space by the flowing water pressure balance adjusting water. After the concrete floating island is built, the concrete can be maintained according to the concrete maintenance requirement.
S103: separating the individual templates that make up the self-floating template assembly.
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a separation template in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in a and b of fig. 11, when the concrete floating island is constructed to have a self-floating condition (the concrete is hardened to a certain threshold value or the water displacement from the floating formworks and the concrete floating island is a preset multiple of the self-weight thereof), the connecting members may be controlled to separate the respective formworks (including the floor formwork and the perimeter formwork) constituting the self-floating formwork assembly and to pull the perimeter formwork away from the current floating island.
S104: and sinking the template surface to a preset safe depth by controlling the template sinking and floating control device.
Wherein, the safe depth is apart from the concrete floating island by preset vertical safe distance.
As shown in fig. 11 c, the formwork sinking and floating control device 1 on the bottom formwork 4 (formwork surface 6) can be controlled to make the bottom formwork 4 continuously separate from the bottom of the concrete floating island and continuously sink until the bottom formwork 4 and the concrete floating island have a sufficient safety distance in the vertical direction.
As can be seen from the flow shown in fig. 6, in the construction method of the concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean according to the embodiment of the present invention, at least one template surface is assembled into a self-floating template assembly to form a casting space, then concrete is cast in the underwater casting space to construct the concrete floating island, the internal and external pressure balance of the casting space is maintained by the internal and external water pressure balance devices disposed in the casting space, then each template is separated, and finally the template surface is sunk to a preset safe depth by controlling the template sinking and floating control device, so that the concrete floating island can be cast underwater, thereby improving the construction safety, the construction efficiency and the construction quality, and reducing the construction cost.
In one embodiment, after executing S104, the method further includes: moving the template surface 6 to a preset safety position by controlling a propeller arranged on the template surface 6; the template surface 6 is floated to the target depth by controlling the template floating control device 1. Wherein the safety position is a preset horizontal safety distance away from the floating island.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the floating of the template surface in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 12, the propeller is controlled to push the bottom plate formwork 4 (formwork surface 6) to move, so that the bottom plate formwork 4 and the concrete floating island are staggered from each other in the horizontal direction by a sufficient safety distance, and then the formwork sinking and floating control device 1 is controlled to float the bottom plate formwork 4 to a target depth, so that the bottom plate formwork 4 can be dragged out for reuse at a later stage. In one embodiment, the bottom slab template 4 and the concrete floating island may be horizontally staggered by a sufficient safety distance by dragging the floating island and/or dragging the bottom slab template 4.
The specific process of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
1. the template sinking and floating control device is fixed on the template surface, at least one template surface is connected through a connecting piece to form a self-floating template assembly, a pouring space is formed, and an internal and external water pressure balancing device is arranged in the pouring space.
2. The self-floating template assembly floats to the water surface through the control template sinking and floating control device, and water in the pouring space is discharged from the template surface.
3. Arranging a fibre structure in a casting space without water: firstly, connecting a plurality of fiber yarns to form a fiber structure, then tensioning the fiber structure to a relative fixed point on a self-floating template assembly through the fiber yarns to expand the fiber structure, and simultaneously installing the concrete floating island embedded part.
4. And the self-floating template assembly sinks through the control template sinking and floating control device.
5. Injecting a water-soluble high molecular polymer solution into the pouring space to prevent the concrete entering the water-soluble high molecular polymer solution from dispersing; and pouring concrete into the pouring space to build the concrete floating island.
6. And maintaining the concrete structure formed by pouring.
Wherein, the steps 1-6 can be repeatedly executed until the concrete floating island can float by itself. The conditions of self-floating are as follows: the water displacement of the concrete floating island is larger than the self weight of the concrete floating island body and the weight of attachments (templates, construction equipment, constructors, construction materials and the like) on the concrete floating island body, and a safety margin is reserved. In the step 1-6, the internal and external water pressure balancing devices are controlled to maintain the water pressure balance between the pouring space and the external seawater, so that the internal and external water pressure difference of the pouring space is within a reasonable range, and the damage to the template and the concrete floating island structure caused by the overlarge internal and external water pressure difference is avoided.
7. And separating the templates (including the bottom plate template and the periphery template) forming the self-floating template assembly through the control connecting piece, and dragging the periphery template away from the current floating island.
8. And by controlling the template sinking and floating control device on the bottom plate template, the bottom plate template is continuously separated from the bottom of the concrete floating island and continuously sinks until the bottom plate template and the concrete floating island have enough safety distance in the vertical direction.
9. The propeller is controlled to push the bottom plate template to move, so that the bottom plate template and the concrete floating island are staggered by a sufficient safety distance in the horizontal direction.
10. And the bottom plate template floats upwards to the target depth through the control template sinking and floating control device.
To sum up, the construction method of the concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean according to the embodiment of the invention is that at least one template surface is assembled into a self-floating template assembly to form a casting space, then a fiber structure is arranged in the casting space and concrete is cast to construct the concrete floating island, the internal and external pressure balance of the casting space is maintained through the internal and external water pressure balance device, then each template is separated, and finally the template surface is sunk to the preset safe depth through the control template sinking and floating control device, so that the concrete floating island can be cast under water, the bearing capacity of the concrete structure is improved, the construction safety, the construction efficiency and the construction quality are improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Those of skill in the art will further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, units, and steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, elements, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design requirements of the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present embodiments.
The various illustrative logical blocks, or elements, or devices described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. For example, a storage medium may be coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC, which may be located in a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside in different components in a user terminal.
In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described above in connection with the embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination of the three. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media that facilitate transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. For example, such computer-readable media can include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to carry or store program code in the form of instructions or data structures and which can be read by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Additionally, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium, and, thus, is included if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source via a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wirelessly, e.g., infrared, radio, and microwave. Such discs (disk) and disks (disc) include compact disks, laser disks, optical disks, DVDs, floppy disks and blu-ray disks where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while disks usually reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above may also be included in the computer-readable medium.
Claims (14)
1. A concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep ocean is characterized by comprising: the template sinking and floating control device, the template surface and the internal and external water pressure balancing device;
the template sinking and floating control device is arranged on the template surface and is used for controlling the template surface to float, sink or hover in liquid;
the internal and external water pressure balancing device is arranged in a pouring space surrounded by at least one template surface and used for maintaining the internal and external pressure balance of the pouring space.
2. The concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to the deep ocean according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the propeller is arranged on the template surface and used for pushing the template surface to move in the horizontal direction.
3. The concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to the deep ocean according to claim 1, further comprising: a fiber structure formed by connecting a plurality of fiber filaments;
the fiber structure is arranged in the pouring space and used for improving the bearing capacity of the concrete structure.
4. The deep sea ocean applied concrete floating island on-site construction equipment according to claim 3,
the fiber structure is a net structure and/or a skeleton structure.
5. The deep ocean applied concrete floating island site construction device according to claim 3, wherein anti-slip nodes are provided on the fiber filaments.
6. The apparatus for on-site construction of a concrete floating island for deep ocean application according to claim 1, wherein the formwork surface is a flexible formwork surface or a rigid formwork surface.
7. The deep ocean applied concrete floating island onsite construction equipment according to claim 6, wherein when the formwork surface is a flexible formwork surface, the concrete floating island onsite construction equipment further comprises: stretching the bracket;
the stretching support is connected with the flexible template surface and used for applying tension to the flexible template surface so as to improve the rigidity of the flexible template surface.
8. A construction method of the concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to the deep ocean according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
connecting at least one template surface to form a self-floating template assembly to form a pouring space;
pouring concrete in a pouring space under water to build a concrete floating island, and maintaining the balance of internal and external pressures of the pouring space through an internal and external water pressure balancing device arranged in the pouring space;
separating the templates forming the self-floating template assembly;
and sinking the template surface to a preset safe depth by controlling a template sinking and floating control device.
9. The construction method according to claim 8, further comprising, after sinking the formwork surface to a preset safe depth by controlling a formwork sinking and floating control means:
moving the template surface to a preset safety position by controlling a propeller arranged on the template surface;
and floating the template surface to a target depth through a control template floating control device.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of connecting at least one of the formwork panels to form a self-floating formwork assembly further comprises, after forming the casting space:
arranging a fibre structure in the casting space.
11. The construction method according to claim 10, further comprising: arranging a fibre structure in the casting space comprises:
enabling the self-floating template assembly to float to the water surface through a control template sinking and floating control device;
arranging a fibre structure in a casting space located above the water;
and enabling the self-floating template assembly to sink through a control template sinking and floating control device.
12. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein casting concrete in the casting space located underwater to construct the concrete floating island comprises:
injecting a water-soluble high molecular polymer solution into the pouring space to prevent concrete entering the water-soluble high molecular polymer solution from dispersing;
and pouring concrete into the pouring space to build the concrete floating island.
13. The construction method according to claim 12, wherein the concrete is self-compacting concrete.
14. The construction method according to claim 10, wherein arranging the fiber structure in the casting space on the water comprises:
stretching the fibrous structure by means of filaments to relatively fixed points on a self-floating template assembly to unfold the fibrous structure; wherein the stiffness of the fiber structure after spreading is greater than the stiffness of the fiber structure before spreading.
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| CN202011464854.7A CN112550634B (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | Concrete floating island on-site construction device applied to deep sea and ocean and construction method |
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| DE2952783A1 (en) * | 1979-12-31 | 1981-07-23 | Histeel S.A., Lausanne | Multiphase construction material with low sensitivity to impact - where concrete contg. metal, polymer, and/or glass fibres, is reinforced by steel rods or plate |
| JP6212982B2 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2017-10-18 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Heat-resistant hydraulic composition, mortar composition, and mortar cured body used for ship floor structures |
| EP3204559B1 (en) * | 2014-10-08 | 2018-12-12 | Giorgio Salis | Floating dam or island and method of manufacture thereof |
| KR101510453B1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2015-04-08 | 주식회사 명훈이앤씨 | Method for constructing steel house bridge footing using steel plate |
| CN108222496B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-12-13 | 清华大学 | Flexible pouring template and construction method |
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