CN112545715A

CN112545715A - Artificial joint-oriented directional aggregation lubrication method of field dilute solution

Info

Publication number: CN112545715A
Application number: CN202011325460.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董光能; 任荣杰; 李静; 王佳伟; 张恒
Original assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Xian Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-11-23
Filing date: 2020-11-23
Publication date: 2021-03-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a directional aggregation lubrication method of field-induced dilute solution for artificial joints, which comprises three steps of designing texture on the surface of the artificial joint, carrying out surface treatment on the surface of the artificial joint to change a contact angle, and arranging a field on the surface of a friction pair to promote the directional aggregation of liquid. The friction surfaces of the artificial joints are distributed with textures, so that the friction surfaces in mutual contact can generate hydrodynamic lubrication, and the friction coefficient is reduced; the surface treatment changes the hydrophilic-hydrophobic property of the artificial joint material and improves the flowing property of the lubricating liquid on the friction surface; the field arrangement promotes the directional aggregation and lubrication of the dilute solution. The artificial joint prepared by the invention has improved biological tribological performance, is expected to reduce tissue reaction and aseptic loosening, and can prolong the service life.

Description

Artificial joint-oriented directional aggregation lubrication method of field dilute solution

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of artificial joint implantation instruments and biological tribology, and particularly relates to a method for directionally gathering and lubricating field dilute solution for an artificial joint.

Background

More than 200 million people in the United states need to implant artificial hip and knee joints for femoral arthritis every year. Considering that the number of young people requiring the implantation of the artificial joint increases every year, the life span per person is extended, and there is an urgent need to extend the service life of the artificial joint. Due to the artificial joint made of UHMWPE and metal or ceramic materials, the materials have poor wettability with body fluids, often in a mixed or boundary-lubricated state, increasing friction and causing wear. Joint loosening caused by debris-induced osteolysis forces a significant number of patients to undergo artificial arthroplasty. Therefore, in clinical applications, prevention of wear and reduction of friction are important measures to improve the service life of joint prostheses, which are critical for good lubrication.

The artificial synovial fluid injected in vitro is easily absorbed or degraded by human body, so that the lubrication function is lost, and the infection is easily caused by frequent injection. The main components of natural body fluid (extracellular fluid) are water and inorganic salts, and a small amount of glucose, amino acid and serum protein, and the natural body fluid belongs to a typical dilute solution. Protein is a good lubricant, but because of the low protein content in body fluids, lubrication is poor and its active lubrication is not appreciated. The invention realizes the aggregation of boundary lubrication active substances in dilute body fluid by utilizing a field driving effect and realizing the efficient self-lubrication of the artificial joint by utilizing the dynamic secretion of a human body to keep the protein in the body fluid at a certain balance level and adopting a tree-shaped texture or a net-shaped texture.

Researches show that a microstructure array with specific shape, size, distribution and arrangement is introduced to the surface of a friction pair in relative motion, so that the tribological performance of the friction pair can be regulated and controlled. The calculation results show that the optimized texture parameters can increase the thickness of the lubricating film to the maximum extent, and the friction coefficient is obviously reduced. The natural cartilage microstructures are communicated on a smaller scale and present a tree-shaped structure, and the locally communicated tree-shaped structure can reduce the flow resistance to the maximum extent, is favorable for reducing the temperature of the friction surface and prevents the thermal deformation of protein in body fluid. The dilute solution causes the gradient of surface tension in the micro-channel due to the wettability gradient and the structure gradient, and realizes the spontaneous and long-distance directional flow of the liquid. The nanoparticles can achieve directional motion under the action of field drive. The Steve Granick topic successfully regulated the motion (linking, swimming, and clustering) of colloidal particles using the flow generated by the alternating electric field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of osteoporosis around a prosthesis, prosthesis loosening and the like caused by poor lubrication performance of an artificial joint after artificial joint replacement and poor biological reaction of body cells caused by abrasive dust accumulation generated by abrasion, and provides a method for directionally gathering and lubricating field dilute solution for the artificial joint, which greatly enhances the lubrication performance of a friction pair contact surface of the artificial joint, captures abrasive dust and has effective bearing capacity, so that the friction force is reduced, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life of the artificial joint is prolonged.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a method for directionally gathering and lubricating an artificial joint by using an electrorheological dilute solution comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a tree-shaped texture or a reticular texture on the surface of the artificial joint material;

(2) adopting the hydrophilic-hydrophobic property of the material prepared in the step (1) with the dendritic texture or the reticular texture by a surface treatment method to improve the wettability of the surface of the material;

(3) and (3) placing the artificial joint material modified in the step (2) in an environment under the action of field drive for testing, and realizing directional gathering and lubrication of the field dilute solution facing the artificial joint.

The further improvement of the invention is that in the step (1), the processing method for preparing the tree-shaped texture or the reticular texture on the surface of the artificial joint material is a laser etching method, wherein the frequency of a laser marking machine is 20-40 kHz, the power range is 40-70%, the laser etching speed is 500-700 mm/s, and the processing times are 1-4 times;

or a hot-pressing forming method, wherein the vacuum degree is kept at-0.1 MPa, the hot-pressing pressure is 5-15 MPa, the hot-pressing temperature is 150-250 ℃, and the stamping keeping time is 0.5-2.5 hours.

The further improvement of the invention is that in the step (2), the surface treatment method is an acid corrosion method, wherein the acid is 60-70% sulfuric acid and 10-20% hydrochloric acid according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, maintaining the temperature at 65-75 ℃ during acid etching, wherein the acid etching time is 30-40 minutes///or the acid is hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 4-6% and nitric acid with the concentration of 10-20% according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, maintaining the temperature at 20-30 ℃ during acid etching, wherein the acid etching time is 5-15 min;

or plasma processing, wherein the self-bias voltage of the radio frequency plasma is 320-350V, the flow rate of the mixed gas of argon and oxygen is 10: 1sccm, and the treatment time is 30-40 min;

or ultraviolet irradiation, wherein the power of the ultraviolet lamp is kept at 600-1000W, the distance between the ultraviolet lamp and the sample is 10-30 cm, and the irradiation time is 30-40 min.

The further improvement of the invention is that in the step (2), the field drive is electric field drive, magnetic field drive or temperature field drive, wherein the electric field strength is 100-300V/m, the magnetic field strength is 0.5-1.5T, and the temperature field strength is 40-60 ℃/m.

The invention is further improved in that the artificial joint is a hip joint or a knee joint, and the joint head and the joint mortar cup of the artificial joint are made of hard metal, alloy, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or ceramic.

The invention is further improved in that the dilute solution is natural body fluid, namely extracellular fluid, the main components of the dilute solution are water and inorganic salt, and a small amount of glucose, amino acid and serum protein is also included.

The invention is further improved in that the directional aggregation lubrication means that lubricant molecules in a dilute solution are aggregated so that a poor lubricating medium can be converted into a locally rich lubricating medium to provide lubrication for a friction surface.

The further improvement of the invention is that the processing method prepares a tree-shaped texture or a reticular texture with the width of 10-100 mu m on the surface of the artificial joint material, the ratio range of the diameter-depth ratio is 0.04-0.2, and the area density of the texture is 5-30%.

The present invention is further improved in that the contact angle of the surface-treated artificial joint material to a dilute solution ranges from 2 to 90 deg.

The invention is further improved in that the field drives the dilute solution to directionally aggregate, and the concentration of the local lubricating medium in the dilute solution is obviously higher than the average concentration of the lubricating medium in the dilute solution.

The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the method for solving the problem of wear failure of the artificial joint caused by poor lubricating effect is provided, and better lubricating conditions are provided for the artificial joint;

2. the texture provides hydrodynamic lubrication for the surface of the friction pair under the condition of liquid film lubrication, and the surface tension of body fluid in the groove drives the body fluid to flow spontaneously, so that the postoperative intervention and the maintenance on the artificial joint are reduced;

3. the dynamic secretion of human body is used to keep the protein in body fluid in a certain balance level, and the field driving action is used to concentrate the lubricating medium at the real contact position, so increasing the lubricating efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the directional aggregation lubrication method of the field-induced dilute solution for artificial joints.

In FIG. 2, (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) are the tree-like texture or net-like texture of the artificial joint material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 (a) and (b) are graphs comparing the contact angles of the artificial joint material before and after the surface treatment in the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the arborescence texture or the reticular texture distributed on the contact friction surface of the artificial joint converts the thickness of a liquid film between two contact surfaces into concave-convex distribution, so that the lubricating liquid generates uneven fluid east Asia distribution on the contact surfaces, thereby forming a fluid dynamic pressure effect, enhancing the lubricating performance and reducing the friction. In addition, the tree-shaped texture or the net-shaped texture receives abrasive dust generated in the friction process, so that the friction force is reduced, and the abrasion is reduced. The surface of the artificial joint containing the texture is treated, the hydrophilic-hydrophobic performance of the surface of the artificial joint is changed, the wettability of the surface is improved, and the dilute solution is quickly diffused on the surface of the artificial joint under the action of capillary force, so that the purpose of lubrication and synergy is achieved. Under the action of field driving, effective lubricating media in the dilute solution are directionally gathered, so that the local concentration of boundary lubricants actually rubbed is higher, and efficient lubrication is achieved.

The invention provides a method for directionally aggregating and lubricating an artificial joint by using an electric field dilute solution, which adopts a three-step method of preparation, modification and driving to directionally aggregate and lubricate the dilute solution, and comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a dendriform texture or a reticular texture on the surface of the artificial joint material by adopting a processing method, wherein the width of the texture is 10-100 mu m, the ratio range of the diameter-depth ratio is 0.04-0.2, and the area density (texture rate) of the texture is 5-30%;

(2) adopting the hydrophilic-hydrophobic property of the artificial joint material with the tree-like texture or the reticular texture prepared in the step (1) by adopting a surface treatment method to improve the wettability of the surface of the material, so that the contact angle of the surface of the material reaches 2-90 degrees;

(3) and (3) placing the artificial joint material modified in the step (2) in an environment under the action of field drive for testing, and promoting the directional aggregation of the lubricating medium in the dilute solution to obtain the method for directionally aggregating and lubricating the artificial joint by the field dilute solution.

Wherein the artificial joint is a hip joint and a knee joint. The joint head and the joint mortar cup of the artificial joint are made of hard metal, alloy, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) or ceramic.

The dilute solution is natural body fluid (extracellular fluid), and comprises water, inorganic salt, and small amount of glucose, amino acids, and serum protein.

The dilute solution directional aggregation lubrication is that the dilute solution directionally aggregates the lubricating medium in the dilute solution under the action of field driving, the lubricating medium molecules in the dilute solution are aggregated to convert poor lubricating medium into local rich lubricating medium, the local lubricating medium concentration in the dilute solution is obviously higher than the average concentration of the dilute solution lubricating medium, and the dilute solution directional aggregation lubrication provides efficient lubrication for the friction surface of the contact surface of the artificial joint.

The processing method in the step (1) of the three-step preparation-modification-drive method comprises the following steps: laser etching method, photoetching method and hot pressing forming method. Wherein the laser etching method is to use a laser etching machine to prepare corresponding textures on the surface of the artificial joint material; the photoetching method is to prepare a corresponding texture on the surface of the artificial joint material by using a photoetching machine; the hot pressing forming method refers to that a template is used for transferring corresponding textures on the surface of the artificial joint material.

The surface treatment method in the step (2) of the three-step preparation-modification-drive method comprises the following steps: acid etching, plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation. Wherein the acid etching method is to use a mixed acid of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid or a mixed acid of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid to etch the material for 1-30 min so as to change the wettability of the material; the plasma treatment means that oxygen plasma is used for treating the surface of the artificial joint material for 10-40 min, so that the wettability of the material is changed; the ultraviolet irradiation means irradiating the surface of the artificial joint material by using an ultraviolet germicidal lamp (UVC lamp), wherein the power of the ultraviolet is 500-1000W, and the irradiation time is 30-60 min. The contact angle of the artificial joint material after surface treatment is 2-90 degrees.

The field driving of step (3) in the "preparation-modification-driving" three-step process comprises: electric field drive, magnetic field drive, temperature field drive. Wherein the electric field drive is to set the electric field intensity to be 50-400V/m, so as to promote the directional aggregation of the lubricating medium in the dilute solution; the magnetic field drive is to set the magnetic field induction intensity to be 0.1-3T, so as to promote the directional aggregation of the lubricating medium in the dilute solution; the temperature field is driven to be set at 10-100 ℃/m, so that the lubricating medium in the dilute solution is promoted to directionally aggregate.

The dilute solution is directionally gathered and lubricated, and under the action of field driving, the concentration of a local lubricating medium in the dilute solution is obviously higher than the average concentration of the lubricating medium in the dilute solution, so that the directional gathering and lubricating effect is achieved.

Example 1

1# A directional aggregation lubrication method of field-induced dilute solution for artificial joints.

Firstly, respectively immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of a material, and performing texture preparation on the clean and dry sample by using a laser etching machine, wherein the specific parameters are as follows: frequency 20kHz, power 50%, speed 500mm/s, number of processes 2 times. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. Immersing a prepared texture sample in a mixture of 60% sulfuric acid and 10% hydrochloric acid according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, keeping the temperature at 70 ℃, carrying out acid etching for 30min, and then washing the sample with deionized water to remove acid liquor. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample subjected to surface treatment in an environment with the electric field intensity of 100V/m, and performing a tribology test by using a CETR-friction wear testing machine to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Example 2

2# A directional gathering and lubricating method of field dilute solution for artificial joints.

Firstly, respectively immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of a material, and performing texture preparation on the clean and dry sample by using a laser etching machine, wherein the specific parameters are as follows: frequency 30kHz, power 40%, speed 600mm/s, number of processes 3 times. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And respectively cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. And (3) carrying out oxygen plasma treatment on the prepared sample with the texture, mixing oxygen and argon to treat the sample, wherein the self-bias voltage is set to be 320V, and the flow rate of the mixed gas is 10: 1sccm, and the treatment time is 40 min. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample subjected to surface treatment in an environment with the electric field intensity of 200V/m, and performing a tribology test by using a CETR-friction wear testing machine to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Example 3

3# A directional gathering and lubricating method of field dilute solution for artificial joints.

Firstly, respectively immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of a material, and performing texture preparation on the clean and dry sample by using a laser etching machine, wherein the specific parameters are as follows: frequency 20kHz, power 50%, speed 500mm/s, number of processes 4 times. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. And (3) carrying out ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the prepared texture sample, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation power is 600W, the ultraviolet lamp is 25cm away from the sample, and the irradiation time is 30 min. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample after surface treatment in an environment with the magnetic induction intensity of 0.5T, and performing a tribology test to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Example 4

4# A directional gathering and lubricating method of field dilute solution for artificial joints.

Firstly, immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, and oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of the material. Putting the artificial joint sample into a mould, carrying out vacuum hot pressing on the sample, and transferring the texture on the template onto the sample, wherein the specific parameters of the vacuum hot pressing are as follows: the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 5MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 0.5 hour. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. And (3) carrying out ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the prepared texture sample, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation power is 800W, the ultraviolet lamp is 30cm away from the test piece, and the irradiation time is 40 min. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample subjected to surface treatment in an environment with the electric field intensity of 200V/m, and performing a tribology test by using a CETR-friction wear testing machine to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Example 5

5# A directional aggregation lubrication method of field-induced dilute solution for artificial joints.

Firstly, immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, and oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of the material. Putting the artificial joint sample into a mould, carrying out vacuum hot pressing on the sample, and transferring the texture on the template onto the sample, wherein the specific parameters of the vacuum hot pressing are as follows: the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 10MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 hours. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. Immersing a prepared texture sample in a mixture of 70% sulfuric acid and 20% hydrochloric acid according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, keeping the temperature at 75 ℃, carrying out acid etching for 35min, and then washing the sample with deionized water to remove acid liquor. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample subjected to surface treatment in an environment with the electric field intensity of 200V/m, and performing a tribology test by using a CETR-friction wear testing machine to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Example 6

6# A directional gathering and lubricating method of field dilute solution for artificial joints.

Firstly, immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, and oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of the material. Putting the artificial joint sample into a mould, carrying out vacuum hot pressing on the sample, and transferring the texture on the template onto the sample, wherein the specific parameters of the vacuum hot pressing are as follows: the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa, the pressure is 15MPa, the hot pressing temperature is 250 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2.5 hours. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. Immersing a prepared texture sample in a mixture of 4% hydrofluoric acid and 10% nitric acid according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, keeping the temperature at 25 ℃ in the mixed acid, carrying out acid etching for 10min, and then washing the sample with deionized water to remove the acid liquor. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample after surface treatment in an environment with a temperature field of 50 ℃/m, and performing a tribology test by using a CETR-friction wear testing machine to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Example 7

# an artificial joint-oriented directional gathering lubrication method of field-induced dilute solution.

Firstly, immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, and oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of the material. Placing an artificial joint sample in a working space of a photoetching machine, placing a mask on the surface of the sample to ensure that the two surfaces are fully attached, and preparing a texture by using the photoetching machine, wherein the specific parameters are as follows: frequency 30kHz, power 70%, speed 500mm/s, number of processes 3 times. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. And (3) carrying out ultraviolet irradiation treatment on the prepared texture sample, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation power is 1000W, the ultraviolet lamp is 30cm away from the test piece, and the irradiation time is 35 min. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample subjected to surface treatment in an environment with the electric field intensity of 300V/m, and performing a tribology test by using a CETR-friction wear testing machine to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Example 8

8# an artificial joint oriented directional aggregation lubrication method of field-induced dilute solution.

Firstly, immersing an artificial joint sample in deionized water, acetone, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol solution in sequence, and oscillating for 5min to remove stains on the surface of the material. Placing an artificial joint sample in a working space of a photoetching machine, placing a mask on the surface of the sample to ensure that the two surfaces are fully attached, and preparing a texture by using the photoetching machine, wherein the specific parameters are as follows: the frequency is 40KHz, the power is 60%, the speed is 700mm/s, and the processing number is 4. A texture as shown in figure 2 is obtained. And cleaning the sample by using deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol again, and washing the abrasive dust on the surface of the sample. And (3) carrying out oxygen plasma treatment on the prepared sample with the texture, mixing oxygen with argon, and then treating the sample, wherein the self-bias voltage is set to be 350V, and the flow rate of the mixed gas is 10: 1sccm, and the treatment time is 35 min. When the sample was measured using a contact angle measuring instrument, a significant decrease in the contact angle of the liquid was observed, as shown in fig. 3. And (3) placing the sample after surface treatment in an environment with a temperature field of 50 ℃/m, and performing a tribology test by using a CETR-friction wear testing machine to obtain that the friction coefficient of the sample is obviously reduced compared with that of the untreated sample.

Claims

1. The directional gathering and lubricating method of the field dilute solution for the artificial joint is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for directionally gathering and lubricating the artificial joint by the field dilute solution is characterized in that in the step (1), the processing method for preparing the tree-shaped texture or the reticular texture on the surface of the artificial joint material is a laser etching method, wherein the frequency of a laser marking machine is 20-40 kHz, the power range is 40-70%, the laser etching speed is 500-700 mm/s, and the processing times are 1-4 times;

3. The method for directionally aggregating and lubricating an artificial joint by using an electrically diluted solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the surface treatment method is an acid etching method in which the acid is 60-70% sulfuric acid and 10-20% hydrochloric acid in a ratio of 1: 1, maintaining the temperature at 65-75 ℃ during acid etching, wherein the acid etching time is 30-40 minutes///or the acid is hydrofluoric acid with the concentration of 4-6% and nitric acid with the concentration of 10-20% according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, maintaining the temperature at 20-30 ℃ during acid etching, wherein the acid etching time is 5-15 min;

4. The method for directionally concentrating and lubricating an artificial joint by using an electric field dilute solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the field drive is an electric field drive, a magnetic field drive or a temperature field drive, wherein the electric field strength is 100-300V/m, the magnetic field strength is 0.5-1.5T, and the temperature field strength is 40-60 ℃/m.

5. The method for directionally gathering and lubricating the artificial joint by using the field dilute solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the artificial joint is a hip joint or a knee joint, and the joint head and the joint cup of the artificial joint are made of hard metal, alloy, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or ceramic.

6. The method for directionally aggregating and lubricating artificial joints by field dilute solution according to claim 1, wherein the dilute solution is natural body fluid (extracellular fluid) and comprises water and inorganic salts as main components, and further comprises small amounts of glucose, amino acids and serum proteins.

7. The method for directionally aggregating and lubricating an artificial joint with an electrorheological dilute solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the directionally aggregating lubrication means that the lubricant molecules in the dilute solution are aggregated to convert poor lubricating medium into partially rich lubricating medium, so as to provide lubrication for the friction surface.

8. The method for directionally collecting and lubricating the artificial joint by the field dilute solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the processing method is used for preparing a tree-shaped texture or a net-shaped texture with the width of 10-100 μm on the surface of the artificial joint material, the ratio of the diameter-depth ratio is 0.04-0.2, and the area density of the texture is 5-30%.

9. The method for directionally assembling and lubricating artificial joints by field dilute solution according to claim 1, wherein the contact angle of the artificial joint material after surface treatment to the dilute solution is in the range of 2 ° to 90 °.

10. The method for directionally aggregating and lubricating the artificial joint by using the field-induced dilute solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dilute solution is driven by the field to directionally aggregate, and the concentration of the local lubricating medium in the dilute solution is obviously higher than the average concentration of the lubricating medium in the dilute solution.