CN209808647U - Artificial knee joint - Google Patents
Artificial knee joint Download PDFInfo
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- CN209808647U CN209808647U CN201920259824.9U CN201920259824U CN209808647U CN 209808647 U CN209808647 U CN 209808647U CN 201920259824 U CN201920259824 U CN 201920259824U CN 209808647 U CN209808647 U CN 209808647U
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- ceramic
- liner
- knee joint
- condyle prosthesis
- artificial knee
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an artificial knee joint, hold in the palm including thighbone condyle prosthesis, liner, tibial plateau, the liner is established on tibial plateau holds in the palm, the liner upper surface is equipped with the potsherd that is used for reducing thighbone condyle prosthesis and liner wearing and tearing, a set of potsherd that the potsherd was arranged for the dispersion, and the outer concave curved surface of potsherd constitutes the friction pair with thighbone condyle prosthesis's outer surface contact. The tibia liner in the knee joint prosthesis is distributed with a plurality of ceramic plates, so that the friction between metal and a high polymer liner is converted into the friction between ceramic and a femoral condyle prosthesis, and meanwhile, gaps are formed among the ceramic plates to contain lubricating liquid, so that the friction coefficient is reduced, the abrasion loss is reduced, and the metal ion precipitation is reduced; the ceramic plates are arranged in a dispersed manner, so that the cracking risk of the ceramic can be reduced; the weight of the knee joint is reduced, so that the movement of the patient is lighter; the ceramic plate is embedded on the liner of the high molecular polymer, and has certain impact resistance and noise reduction effect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a biomedical engineering orthopedics implant false body technical field especially relates to an artificial knee joint.
Background
Artificial knee replacement is an effective clinical treatment for injuries to the knee joint caused by trauma or disease. The artificial knee joint system consists of a femoral condyle prosthesis, a tibial gasket and a tibial plateau support. As a biological material applied to the artificial knee joint prosthesis, the biological material not only has good repairing effect, relieves the pain of patients and recovers the functions of the knee joint, but also can not generate adverse effect on the tissues around the knee joint of the human body.
A common knee prosthesis consists of a metal femoral condyle prosthesis, a polyethylene tibial insert, and a metal tibial plateau tray. The femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial gasket form a pair of friction pairs. The type of artificial knee joint used clinically at present is a metal femoral condyle prosthesis and a polymer tibial gasket matching pair. The friction pair formed by the matching pair has the advantages that toxic metal ions are separated out in the long-term friction and abrasion process, chronic pathological changes can be caused when certain concentration is accumulated in a human body, and meanwhile, abrasion debris can induce bone tissues around the prosthesis to generate osteolysis; the friction pair formed by the matching pair enables the wear rate of the polymer tibial gasket to be high, the most commonly used polymer material is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the annual wear loss is about 0.1-0.2mm, and the thickness of the polymer lining can be continuously reduced in the long-term friction process, so that the strength of the tibial gasket is further influenced. Furthermore, there is another type of artificial knee prosthesis: the ceramic femoral condyle prosthesis and the polymer tibial gasket are matched and matched, the ceramic femoral condyle prosthesis and the polymer tibial gasket have good wear resistance, small abrasion loss, no metal ion precipitation and good development prospect, but the ceramic femoral condyle prosthesis is easy to crack due to the inherent fragility of the ceramic, is still in the laboratory research stage at present and is not clinically applied.
Therefore, the reduction of the friction between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibial gasket, the reduction of the abrasion loss of the tibial gasket, the improvement of the service life of the tibial gasket are necessary requirements for improving the life quality of patients.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Not enough to prior art, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that an artifical knee joint is provided to reach the wearing and tearing that reduce thighbone condyle prosthesis and liner, reduce the cracked risk of pottery, reduce the metal ion release, prolong knee joint prosthesis life's purpose.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts is:
the artificial knee joint comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis, a liner and a tibial plateau support, wherein the liner is arranged on the tibial plateau support, the upper surface of the liner is provided with a ceramic plate used for reducing the abrasion of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the liner, the ceramic plate is a group of ceramic plates which are arranged in a dispersed manner, and the outer concave curved surface of the ceramic plate is in contact with the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis to form a friction pair.
Preferably, the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis is provided with a set of pits for storing body fluids.
Preferably, the outer concave curved surface of the ceramic plate protrudes out of the upper surface of the gasket or is in the same curved surface with the upper surface of the gasket.
Preferably, the curvature of the outer concave curved surface of the ceramic sheet is consistent with the curvature of the upper surface of the liner.
Preferably, the ceramic sheet is in the shape of a cylinder and/or a prism.
Preferably, the liner is a high molecular polymer or a compound thereof or is subjected to surface modification, the femoral condyle prosthesis is titanium and an alloy thereof or tantalum and an alloy thereof or medical stainless steel or a cobalt-chromium alloy, and the ceramic plate is a biological ceramic.
Preferably, the contact part of the inner surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the outer surface of the lower part of the tibial plateau support and the host bone is provided with a group of holes which are suitable for human tissue growth, convenient for biological connection and enhanced clinical long-term connection effect.
Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the connecting part of the ceramic plate and the gasket is provided with a groove or a bulge. The grooves are spiral grooves.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, have following advantage:
the shin bone liner of the utility model is distributed with a plurality of ceramic plates, which changes the friction between metal and high molecular polymer liner into the friction between ceramic and thighbone condyle prosthesis, and simultaneously, a gap is arranged between the ceramic plates to contain lubricating liquid, thereby reducing the friction coefficient, reducing the abrasion loss and reducing the precipitation of metal ions; the ceramic plates are arranged in a dispersed manner, so that the cracking risk of the ceramic can be reduced; the weight of the knee joint is reduced, so that the movement of the patient is lighter; the ceramic plate is embedded on a liner of a high polymer and has certain impact resistance and noise reduction function; the ceramic plate only needs to carry out finish machining on the surface which is in contact with the femoral condyle prosthesis, and other surfaces do not need to be machined, so that the machining process steps are reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the artificial knee joint of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of the ceramic plate on the tibial insert of fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of another construction of the ceramic plate on the tibial insert of figure 1.
Fig. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of the artificial knee joint of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of a ceramic plate on the femoral condyle prosthesis of figure 4.
Figure 6 is another view of the ceramic plate of the femoral condyle prosthesis of figure 4.
In the figure: 1. the artificial femoral condyle prosthesis comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis, 201 ceramic plates I and 202, ceramic plates II and 3 tibial gaskets, and 4 tibial plateau supports.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The artificial knee joint comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis, a tibial gasket and a tibial plateau support, wherein the tibial gasket is arranged on the tibial plateau support, the upper surface of the tibial gasket corresponds to the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis, ceramic plates for reducing friction between the upper surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the outer surface of the tibial plateau prosthesis are arranged on the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis or the upper surface of the tibial gasket, the ceramic plates are in a group, and the ceramic plates are distributed in a discrete mode and can be arranged at uniform or non-uniform intervals. The non-uniform spacing arrangement can increase the contact area and thereby reduce contact stress.
Wherein, the inner surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the outer surface of the lower part of the tibial plateau support, which are contacted with host bones, are provided with a group of holes which are suitable for the growth of human tissues, are convenient for biological connection and enhance the clinical long-term connection effect, and the group of holes are a group of micropores; the micropores can make bone tissues grow into the micropores, strengthen the connection between the joints and host bones of the human body, improve the fixing reliability of the prosthesis in the human body and ensure the use effect.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the artificial knee joint comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis, a ceramic plate I201, a tibial gasket and a tibial plateau support, wherein the femoral condyle prosthesis 1 is of a metal structure, the gasket is arranged on the tibial plateau support, the upper surface of the gasket is provided with ceramic plates for reducing the abrasion of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the gasket, the ceramic plates are a group of ceramic plates which are dispersedly arranged, and the outer concave curved surfaces of the ceramic plates are contacted with the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis to form friction pairs. Wherein, the liner is macromolecule polymer or compound thereof or surface modified, the femoral condyle prosthesis is titanium and alloy thereof or tantalum and alloy thereof or medical stainless steel or cobalt-chromium alloy, and the ceramic plate is biological ceramic.
The ceramic plates are in the shape of cylinders and/or prisms. Preferably, the ceramic plate I is a quadrangular prism or a hexagonal prism or a cylinder, the tibia liner 3 is similar to a half-moon plate structure, the upper surface is half-moon arc, the lower surface is platform-shaped, the lower part of the tibia liner is fixed with the tibia platform support 4, the ceramic plate I is embedded on a half-moon curved surface which is concave downwards and forms a certain radian in the tibia liner 3, and the outer end surface of the ceramic plate is contacted with the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis; the tibial insert may be a high molecular polymer, preferably ultra high molecular weight polyethylene.
The outer concave curved surface of the ceramic plate protrudes out of the upper surface of the liner or is positioned on the same curved surface with the upper surface of the liner. The curvature of the outer concave curved surface of the ceramic plate is consistent with the curvature of the upper surface of the liner. The stress is uniform, stable and reliable.
The ceramic plate I protrudes to a certain height, the preparation method of the tibia liner 3 comprises an injection molding or 3D additive manufacturing technology, and the preparation methods of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the tibia platform support can adopt a powder metallurgy sintering method, a plasma spraying method or a three-dimensional printing rapid forming technology.
The ceramic plate is embedded on a liner of a high polymer and has certain impact resistance and noise reduction function; the ceramic plate only needs to carry out finish machining on the surface which is in contact with the femoral condyle prosthesis, and other surfaces do not need to be machined, so that the machining process steps are reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
The peripheral surface of the connecting part of the ceramic plate and the tibia liner is provided with a groove or a bulge; preferably, the groove is a spiral groove and is arranged in the tibia liner, so that the pull-out force and the binding force of the ceramic chip are increased, and the ceramic chip is reliably fixed.
The external surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis is provided with a group of pits, and the group of pits is a group of micro pits for storing body fluid of a human body, lubricating the contact surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the ceramic plate, reducing the friction between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the ceramic plate and reducing the abrasion loss. A certain gap is formed between the adjacent ceramic plates, and the gap can be used for storing body fluid of a human body, lubricating the contact surface of the ceramic plates and the tibia liner and reducing friction between the ceramic plates and the tibia liner. The ceramic plate and the femoral condyle prosthesis have very small abrasion loss under the combined action of the two structures.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the artificial knee joint comprises a femoral condyle prosthesis 1, a ceramic plate ii 202, a tibial gasket 3 and a tibial plateau support 4, wherein the gasket is made of high molecular polymer or a compound thereof or is surface modified, the femoral condyle prosthesis is made of titanium and an alloy thereof or tantalum and an alloy thereof or medical stainless steel or cobalt-chromium alloy, and the ceramic plate is made of biological ceramic.
The ceramic plate II is a quadrangular prism body or a hexagonal prism body or a cylinder, one surface of the ceramic plate II is connected with the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis through welding, the femoral condyle prosthesis 1 is prepared through a powder metallurgy sintering method, the material of the femoral condyle prosthesis 1 is preferably medical titanium alloy, two end surfaces of the ceramic plate II are both arc-shaped, the ceramic plate is positioned in the same arc surface after laser welding, the material of the ceramic plate II is preferably alumina ceramic, and the outer convex curved surface of the ceramic plate is contacted with the upper surface of the liner to form a friction pair.
The ceramic plates are cylindrical and/or polygonal, and a group of ceramic plates are arranged at non-uniform intervals, so that the contact area can be increased.
The two end surfaces of the ceramic wafer are both arc-shaped; specifically, the ceramic plate is provided with an outer convex curved surface and an inner concave curved surface; the outer convex curved surface of the ceramic plate protrudes out of the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis or is positioned on the same curved surface with the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis. The curvature of the convex curved surface of the ceramic plate is consistent with the curvature of the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis. The femoral condyle prosthesis is provided with two condyle outer surfaces, and ceramic plates which are dispersedly arranged are arranged on the two condyle outer surfaces. The stress is uniform, stable and reliable.
An intermediate is arranged between the ceramic plates, the intermediate is a high molecular polymer, and the surface of the high molecular polymer is lower than the convex curved surface of the ceramic plates. Grooves or bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the connecting part of the ceramic chip and the intermediate body. Preferably, the grooves on the ceramic wafer are spiral grooves, the grooves are filled with high polymer, and the grooves increase the pull-out force and the bonding force of the ceramic wafer, so that the ceramic wafer is fixed more firmly.
A certain gap is formed between the adjacent ceramic plates, and the gap can be used for storing human body fluid; the upper surface of the pad is provided with a group of pits for storing human body fluid, and the group of pits is a group of micro pits for storing human body fluid; the contact surface of the ceramic plate and the tibia liner is lubricated, and the friction between the ceramic plate and the tibia liner is reduced.
Or the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis is provided with a groove for accommodating the supporting body, a group of ceramic plates are dispersedly arranged on the supporting body, and the convex curved surfaces of the ceramic plates are contacted with the upper surface of the pad to form friction pairs. Wherein the support is a high molecular polymer. The contact surface of the ceramic plate and the femoral prosthesis does not need finish machining, the processing technology is reduced, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the ceramic plate has certain impact resistance and noise reduction effects. The peripheral surface of the connecting part of the ceramic chip and the supporting body is provided with a groove or a bulge. Preferably, the grooves on the ceramic plate are spiral grooves. The supporting body is made of high molecular polymer, the ceramic chip is embedded in the high molecular polymer, the high molecular polymer is arranged in the groove, and the arrangement of the groove increases the pull-out force and the binding force of the ceramic chip, so that the ceramic chip is fixed more firmly.
The knee joint prosthesis comprises a tibia liner, a femur condyle prosthesis, a plurality of ceramic plates, a plurality of elastic pieces and a plurality of elastic pieces, wherein the tibia liner or the femur condyle prosthesis is provided with the ceramic plates, the femur condyle prosthesis is separated from the tibia liner, the friction coefficient of the femur condyle prosthesis and the tibia liner is reduced, and the abrasion loss is reduced; the friction between metal and polymer is changed into the friction of metal and pottery, has reduced metal ion that metal and polymer friction caused and has appeared, and the potsherd discrete type is arranged, and potsherd structural strength is difficult cracked greatly, alleviates the quality of knee joint, makes the patient motion lighter and more handy.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and various insubstantial improvements can be made without modification to the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an artificial knee joint, includes thighbone condyle prosthesis, liner, tibial plateau and holds in the palm, the liner is established on tibial plateau holds in the palm its characterized in that: the lining is characterized in that ceramic plates used for reducing the abrasion between the femoral condyle prosthesis and the lining are arranged on the upper surface of the lining, the ceramic plates are a group of ceramic plates which are dispersedly arranged, and the outer concave curved surface of each ceramic plate is in contact with the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis to form a friction pair.
2. The artificial knee joint of claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis is provided with a group of pits for storing body fluid of a human body.
3. The artificial knee joint of claim 1, wherein: the outer concave curved surface of the ceramic plate protrudes out of the upper surface of the gasket or is positioned on the same curved surface with the upper surface of the gasket.
4. The artificial knee joint of claim 1, wherein: the curvature of the outer concave curved surface of the ceramic plate is consistent with the curvature of the upper surface of the liner.
5. The artificial knee joint of claim 1, wherein: the ceramic plate is in the shape of a cylinder and/or a prism.
6. The artificial knee joint of claim 1, wherein: the liner is made of high molecular polymer or a compound thereof or is subjected to surface modification, the femoral condyle prosthesis is made of titanium and an alloy thereof or tantalum and an alloy thereof or medical stainless steel or cobalt-chromium alloy, and the ceramic sheet is made of biological ceramic.
7. The artificial knee joint of claim 1, wherein: the inner surface of the femoral condyle prosthesis and the part of the outer surface of the lower part of the tibial plateau support, which is contacted with host bones, are provided with a group of holes which are suitable for the growth of human tissues, are convenient for biological connection and enhance the clinical long-term connection effect.
8. The artificial knee joint of claim 1, wherein: grooves or bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the connecting part of the ceramic chip and the liner.
9. The artificial knee joint of claim 8, wherein: the grooves are spiral grooves.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920259824.9U CN209808647U (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Artificial knee joint |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920259824.9U CN209808647U (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Artificial knee joint |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209808647U true CN209808647U (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201920259824.9U Active CN209808647U (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2019-03-01 | Artificial knee joint |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109662810A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-04-23 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of artificial knee joint |
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2019
- 2019-03-01 CN CN201920259824.9U patent/CN209808647U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109662810A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-04-23 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of artificial knee joint |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20220601 Address after: 241000 218, building 1, commercial service center, Jiujiang Economic Development Zone, Wuhu District, China (Anhui) pilot Free Trade Zone, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Wuhu Tuogu Robot Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 241000 No. 8 Beijing Middle Road, Jiujiang District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Patentee before: ANHUI POLYTECHNIC University |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |