CN112545712A - Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant - Google Patents

Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112545712A
CN112545712A CN202011282990.4A CN202011282990A CN112545712A CN 112545712 A CN112545712 A CN 112545712A CN 202011282990 A CN202011282990 A CN 202011282990A CN 112545712 A CN112545712 A CN 112545712A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
implant
cos
bone repair
curved surface
sin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011282990.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
施雪涛
崔越
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
South China University of Technology SCUT
Original Assignee
South China University of Technology SCUT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by South China University of Technology SCUT filed Critical South China University of Technology SCUT
Priority to CN202011282990.4A priority Critical patent/CN112545712A/en
Publication of CN112545712A publication Critical patent/CN112545712A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28—Bones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2002/30769—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth madreporic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
    • A61F2002/30952—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using CAD-CAM techniques or NC-techniques
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2002/30968—Sintering
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2002/30985—Designing or manufacturing processes using three dimensional printing [3DP]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00—Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005—The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179—Ceramics or ceramic-like structures

Abstract

The invention discloses a generation method of a bone repair implant with an extremely small curved surface, which comprises the following steps: 1) acquiring the external shape of an implant, including the size, structure and porosity of an implantation part; 2) generating an internal filling structure for the external shape of the implant by using a minimum surface equation through modeling software to obtain an implant model; 3) according to the generated implant model, performing photocuring printing molding by using ceramics; 4) and (3) carrying out high-temperature degreasing sintering on the printed and molded green body, and cleaning and polishing to obtain a final implant, wherein the compressive strength of the implant is 5-150 MPa, and the porosity is 10% -90%. The implant designed by the invention has higher compressive ultimate strength, meets the requirement of the human body on load-bearing bone repair, and can be matched with the bone repair strength in a larger range; meanwhile, the personalized design aiming at the repaired part can be realized, the biocompatibility and the degradation performance are higher, the regeneration of bone tissues can be induced, and the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance of the bone repair material also greatly improve the success rate of the bone repair.

Description

Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bone repair, in particular to a generation method of a bone repair implant with a very small curved surface.
Background
The biological bone repair implant has extremely high requirements on materials, including biomechanical properties matched with a human body, good biocompatibility and the like. Bioceramic materials, such as hydroxyapatite, calcium triphosphate, zirconia, etc., have similar components to human bone tissue, and good biocompatibility, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., and are beginning to become novel application materials in the field of orthopedics. The biological ceramic porous structure can control the Young modulus, compressive strength, bending strength and the like of the implant by adjusting the porosity so as to enable the implant to be matched with a human body; meanwhile, due to the fully-communicated structure of the porous implant, a very high specific surface area is provided, so that bone tissues can be adhered, proliferated and differentiated on the surface, new bones are promoted to grow on the surface along pores, and finally integral repair is formed; again, the connectivity of the porous scaffold structure ensures the transport of body fluids and nutrients within the implant, which is also a prerequisite for bone regeneration and repair.
Because the biological ceramic processing difficulty is high, the bone implantation prosthesis is printed and processed in a 3D mode at present. However, most of the current printing structures are straight rod lattice structures, and stress concentration can be formed at the joints of the structures in the using process of the structures, so that the mechanical properties of the structures are poor, and the mechanical requirements of human bone repair cannot be met. The extremely small curved surface structure is a curved surface structure with zero average curvature, and the smooth surface of the extremely small curved surface structure greatly avoids local stress concentration, so that the mechanical property of the prosthesis can be improved. At the same time, since the mean curvature is zero, the body fluid and bone cells are more easily transported and proliferated inside. However, the minimum curved surface structures selected by the current design are all traditional minimum curved surfaces, such as a spiral icosahedron, a Swartz Diamond, a Swartz prime and the like. The application of the biological ceramic material to the curved surface can not effectively meet the mechanical requirements of the load-bearing bone of the human body.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a generation method of a bone repair implant with a tiny curved surface, which is characterized in that 3D printing of the porous structure implant with the tiny curved surface is adopted, so that on one hand, the customization of biological bones is realized, on the other hand, the mechanical property of the tiny curved surface is superior to that of the traditional tiny curved surface structure, and the compressive strength of the tiny curved surface can be adjusted within the range of 5-150 MPa, so that the problem that a biological ceramic material is difficult to be used for manufacturing the load-bearing bone repair implant is solved, and a high-strength biological ceramic prosthesis capable of being used for load-bearing bone repair is manufactured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a generation method of a bone repair implant with an extremely small curved surface comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring the external shape of an implant, including the size, structure and porosity of an implantation part;
2) generating an internal filling structure for the external shape of the implant by using a minimum surface equation through modeling software to obtain an implant model;
3) according to the generated implant model, performing photocuring printing molding by using ceramics;
4) and (3) carrying out high-temperature degreasing sintering on the printed and molded green body, and cleaning and polishing to obtain a final implant, wherein the compressive strength of the implant is 5-150 MPa, and the porosity is 10% -90%.
In step 1), the external shape of the implant is constructed by reconstructing contour and density distribution through CT scanning according to a target repair site.
In step 2), the minimum surface equation is adopted as follows:
F(x,y,z)＝1.1(sin(2x)cos(y)sin(z)+sin(2y)cos(z)sin(x)+sin(2z)cos(x)sin(y))-0.2(cos(2x)cos(2y)+cos(2y)cos(2z)+cos(2z)cos(2x))-0.4(cos(2y)+cos(2z)+cos(2x))+C
in the formula: f (x, y, z) is a curved surface equation, x, y and z are three-dimensional coordinates of the minimum curved surface in the Euclidean space, and C is an arbitrary constant; wherein, the coefficient of the above equation is adjustable, and the structural pore shape and porosity are adjusted by changing the coefficient.
In step 3), the ceramic photocuring printing forming adopts one of Stereo photocuring forming (SLA) or Digital Light Processing (DLP); the ceramic is selected from one or more of alumina, zirconia, hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.
In the step 4), the high-temperature degreasing sintering temperature is 900-1750 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention comprises a brand-new equation of the minimum curved surface, the structure of the minimum curved surface is determined by the equation, and meanwhile, the aperture and the porosity of the minimum curved surface can be controlled by changing the parameters of the equation, so that the requirement of the design of a restoration body is met.
2. Compared with the traditional minimum curved surface structure, the porous structure designed by the minimum curved surface equation has higher compressive ultimate strength which can reach 150MPa at most, meets the requirement of the load-bearing bone repair of a human body, and can be matched with the strength of the bone repair in a larger range.
3. The bone repair implant is manufactured by 3D printing, and personalized design aiming at the repair part can be realized.
4. The printing material is made of biological ceramics, has similar components with human bones, has higher biocompatibility and degradation performance, can induce the regeneration of bone tissues, and greatly improves the success rate of bone repair due to the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a design diagram of a constructed porous structure with a very small curved surface.
Fig. 2 is a pictorial view of a bone repair implant with a very small curvature.
Fig. 3 is a pictorial cross-sectional view of an extremely small curved bone repair implant.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, taking femoral fracture repair as an example, the method for generating an extremely-curved bone repair implant provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
1) according to the requirements of the implant part, the contour of the femoral part is reconstructed in a CT three-dimensional mode, the density distribution and the size and shape are analyzed, and different density distributions and mechanical distributions of the implant body are designed in a customized mode. The porosity of the human femoral cortical bone part is about 10-20%, the compressive strength is about 100-150 MPa, the cancellous bone part is about 50-90%, and the compressive strength is about 2-15 MPa.
2) Generating an implant model through modeling software (which can be one or more of UG, 3Dmax, Rhinoceros, SolidWorks, ProE and Croe), and specifically as follows:
importing the obtained femur contour into Rhinoceros modeling software, constructing a periodic porous structure by using a minimal surface equation, and filling the contour shape of the femur part through Boolean operation; wherein, the equation of the minimum curved surface is as follows:
F(x,y,z)＝1.1(sin(2x)cos(y)sin(z)+sin(2y)cos(z)sin(x)+sin(2z)cos(x)sin(y))-0.2(cos(2x)cos(2y)+cos(2y)cos(2z)+cos(2z)cos(2x))-0.4(cos(2y)+cos(2z)+cos(2x))+C
in the formula: f (x, y, z) is a curved surface equation, x, y and z are three-dimensional coordinates of the minimum curved surface in Euclidean space, and C is an arbitrary constant. The adjustment of the porosity can be realized by adjusting the whole size of the single cell and designing the wall thickness, and the minimal curved surface entities with different porosities are designed according to the femoral porosity distribution. The outer contour and the inner structure are derived as stl format models.
3) By using photocuring 3D printing, stereoscopic stereolithography application (SLA) or Digital Light Processing (DLP) may be adopted, and SLA is selected in this embodiment, and ceramic material is selected for printing and molding, specifically as follows:
importing the model file into SLA ceramic 3D printing equipment for equipment pretreatment; wherein, the ceramic material is hydroxyapatite (of course, one or more of alumina, zirconia and tricalcium phosphate can be selected), and the design model green compact can be obtained by photocuring printing.
4) Placing the green body of the hydroxyapatite implant in a high-temperature furnace for degreasing sintering (based on the selection of different ceramic materials, the temperature of the high-temperature degreasing sintering is different and is probably between 900 and 1750 ℃), keeping the temperature at the highest temperature of 1280 ℃ for 2 hours; after subsequent treatment such as polishing and cleaning, the hydroxyapatite bone repair implant with the minimum curved surface for the bone repair of the target part can be obtained.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, so that the changes in the shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for generating a bone repair implant with an extremely small curved surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring the external shape of an implant, including the size, structure and porosity of an implantation part;
2) generating an internal filling structure for the external shape of the implant by using a minimum surface equation through modeling software to obtain an implant model;
3) according to the generated implant model, performing photocuring printing molding by using ceramics;
4) and (3) carrying out high-temperature degreasing sintering on the printed and molded green body, and cleaning and polishing to obtain a final implant, wherein the compressive strength of the implant is 5-150 MPa, and the porosity is 10% -90%.
2. The method for creating an extremely low-profile bone repair implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step 1), the external shape of the implant is constructed by reconstructing contour and density distribution through CT scanning according to a target repair site.
3. The method for creating an extremely low-profile bone repair implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step 2), the minimum surface equation is adopted as follows:
F(x,y,z)＝1.1(sin(2x)cos(y)sin(z)+sin(2y)cos(z)sin(x)+sin(2z)cos(x)sin(y))-0.2(cos(2x)cos(2y)+cos(2y)cos(2z)+cos(2z)cos(2x))-0.4(cos(2y)+cos(2z)+cos(2x))+C
in the formula: f (x, y, z) is a curved surface equation, x, y and z are three-dimensional coordinates of the minimum curved surface in the Euclidean space, and C is an arbitrary constant; wherein, the coefficient of the above equation is adjustable, and the structural pore shape and porosity are adjusted by changing the coefficient.
4. The method for creating an extremely low-profile bone repair implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step 3), the ceramic photocuring printing forming adopts one of Stereo photocuring forming (SLA) or Digital Light Processing (DLP); the ceramic is selected from one or more of alumina, zirconia, hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.
5. The method for creating an extremely low-profile bone repair implant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the high-temperature degreasing sintering temperature is 900-1750 ℃.
CN202011282990.4A 2020-11-17 2020-11-17 Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant Pending CN112545712A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011282990.4A CN112545712A (en) 2020-11-17 2020-11-17 Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011282990.4A CN112545712A (en) 2020-11-17 2020-11-17 Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112545712A true CN112545712A (en) 2021-03-26

Family

ID=75043039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011282990.4A Pending CN112545712A (en) 2020-11-17 2020-11-17 Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112545712A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116370701A (en) * 2023-04-12 2023-07-04 西北工业大学 Impact-resistant extremely-small curved surface bone scaffold capable of promoting bone differentiation and preparation method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111070376A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-28 西安点云生物科技有限公司 3D printing bionic porous bioceramic artificial bone and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111070376A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-28 西安点云生物科技有限公司 3D printing bionic porous bioceramic artificial bone and preparation method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
史小全: "《基于增材制造的Ti6Al4V股骨支架孔隙结构设计及性能研究》", 《哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文》 *
杨辉: "《多孔结构的建模方法研究》", 《东南大学硕士学位论文》 *
王真: "《羟基磷灰石多孔骨支架的光固化制备工艺及力学与生物学性能研究》", 《山东大学博士学位论文》 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116370701A (en) * 2023-04-12 2023-07-04 西北工业大学 Impact-resistant extremely-small curved surface bone scaffold capable of promoting bone differentiation and preparation method thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109622958B (en) Method for preparing titanium alloy implant by adopting minimum curved surface porous structure
CN103328016B (en) Implant for in-vivo insertion which is formed with a porous coating layer thereon
Han et al. Porous tantalum and titanium in orthopedics: a review
CN109872769B (en) Preparation method of implant with gradient change of porosity
Hedia et al. Design optimization of functionally graded dental implant
Lopez‐Heredia et al. Bone growth in rapid prototyped porous titanium implants
CA2692498C (en) Surgical implant composed of a porous core and a dense surface layer
He et al. Custom fabrication of a composite hemi‐knee joint based on rapid prototyping
Cohen et al. Performance of laser sintered Ti–6Al–4V implants with bone-inspired porosity and micro/nanoscale surface roughness in the rabbit femur
Koptyug et al. Additive manufacturing technology applications targeting practical surgery
CN112966411B (en) Medical implant based on body representative unit stress and preparation method and application thereof
Jiankang et al. Custom fabrication of composite tibial hemi-knee joint combining CAD/CAE/CAM techniques
CN109276760A (en) The preparation method of PEEK Polysulfone Composite Hip Prosthesis suitable for 3D printing
杨永强 et al. Selective laser melting and its applications on personalized medical parts
R Naqshbandi et al. Development of porous calcium phosphate bioceramics for bone implant applications: A review
CN112545712A (en) Generation method of extremely-small curved surface bone repair implant
Zheng et al. A TMPS-designed personalized mandibular scaffolds with optimized SLA parameters and mechanical properties
CN115090903B (en) Medical implant based on molecular sieve functional element and preparation method thereof
EP3677224B1 (en) Particulate biomaterial containing particles with geodesic shapes, production method and use for filling or substituting bone tissue
Uklejewski et al. Structural-Geometric Functionalization of the Additively Manufactured Prototype of Biomimetic Multispiked Connecting Ti-Alloy Scaffold for Entirely Noncemented Resurfacing Arthroplasty Endoprostheses
Eldesouky et al. Femoral hip stem with additively manufactured cellular structures
CN113017939A (en) Intervertebral fusion cage and preparation method thereof
CN211750283U (en) Biological bionic porous prosthesis
CN114886617B (en) Preparation method of space filling curve type porous implant and implant
Khan et al. Indirect Additive Manufacturing (AM) of Apatite-Wollastonite (AW) Glass-Ceramic for Medical Implants

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20210326

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication