CN112545527A - 一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备 - Google Patents
一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，所述设备用于人体心率监测，包括柔性电极设计、硬件电路设计、软件设计，所述柔性电极的柔性电极和导线选用岛‑桥结构，制备图案化高密度柔性电极，且把柔性聚合物作为衬底排布高密度微米级金电极阵列，辅以图形化导线网络保护电路，同时满足拉伸及弯曲性能，紧密、无创的贴合人体皮肤，所述硬件电路包含信号采集电路、数据存储电路、电源供电电路和蓝牙电路。所述软件设计主要完成心电信号的采集与处理，并将处理后的信号存储至MicroSD卡，同时通过蓝牙将信号传送到移动终端。该设备体积小，无需导电凝胶即可穿戴测量，可实现连续准确的测量心电信号。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，通过单导柔性电路测量人体心率，属于生物医学工程相关领域。
背景技术
心率是脉搏波的最基本信息，是人体四大生命体征之一。心率是监测心血管疾病的一个重要参数，其稳定性直接反映着心脏功能的好坏，同时心率也是指导体育锻炼的重要指标。根据世界卫生组织的报告，全球每年死于心血管疾病的人数约占所有死亡人数的三分之一，占人口疾病死亡率之首。监测心电是用来诊断与监测心血管疾病的一种重要手段，而医院的短时间静态心电检测对心血管疾病的发现与预防意义不大，我们更需要的是可用于日常生活中连续、长程的动态心电监测。
目前的多种心电监护设备在市场中出现，有传统的心率监测仪、运动手表，心率带等可穿戴式的心率监测设备，但这些监测仪器都存在一些问题，心率监测仪的成本很高，通常只用于医院的临床监护，难以进入人们的日常的生活中；可穿戴式舒适性差，数据监测不准确，数据需在使用后下载，不能实时显示等。
所以，开发出一款轻薄柔软、灵敏度高、穿戴舒适、使用简单、携带方便的心率监测设备具有很大的研究意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种创可贴式柔性心率监测设备，具有体积小，厚度薄，重量轻，耗电少，佩戴者对设备的感知低等优点，在病人心率监控、家庭心率测量、新生儿心率测量中有着广泛的应用前景。本设备对人体心率进行监测，包括柔性电极设计、硬件电路设计、软件设计，整体尺寸小，便于佩戴。所述硬件电路设计包含信号采集电路、数据存储电路、电源供电电路和蓝牙电路。所述软件设计主要完成心电信号的采集与处理，并将处理后的信号存储至MicroSD卡，同时通过蓝牙将信号传送到移动终端。
进一步地所述柔性电路采用挠性印制电路板(FPC)，柔性心电电极设计采用聚合物材料聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和金属金(Au)作为主要结构材料，制备图案化高密度柔性电极，且把柔性聚合物作为衬底排布高密度微米级金电极阵列，辅以图形化导线网络保护电路，同时满足拉伸及弯曲性能，紧密、无创的贴合人体皮肤，增加信号的稳定性和使用者的舒适度。
具体地所述柔性心电电极的制备采取一种超薄表皮柔性生物电传感器，所述电极和引线选用岛-桥结构，采用Cr/Au及PI膜通过光刻、镀膜等微纳加工技术制作，线的形状采用Peano 或蛇形曲线。电极和引线采用不同的走线方式，电极部分在各个方向上都有较好的电稳定性，所述电极可以通过范德华力吸附在皮肤上，能够长期、高保真的记录生物电信号。
具体地所述衬底材料选用无毒、化学惰性强、生物相容性好、不易生物降解、绝缘性好的聚对二甲苯(Parylene)。
具体地所述柔性电路设计无需导电凝胶，实现像创可贴一样直接贴在皮肤上就可以进行心电采集，使设备能有效与皮肤贴合，不易脱落，减小运动伪差，设备的稳定性和舒适性高。
进一步地所述信号采集电路选用ADS1292R芯片，通过电极片拾取人体体表心电信号完成心电信号提取处理，所述数据存储电路采用容量为8GB的Micro SD卡存储数据，所述电源供电电路选用125mA可充电锂电池作为稳定电源，所述蓝牙电路选用HC-42作为蓝牙芯片用于系统数据无线传输。
本发明的优点和积极效果是：
本发明采用柔性电极和FPCB，通过ADS1292R、STM32和蓝牙通信模块，可以有效避免上述存在的问题。同时，本发明采用的柔性电极足够柔软，可以用于更多场合，比如可以贴在早产儿的胸部，而不会损坏他们脆弱的皮肤。本发明尺寸小，佩戴者使用感舒适，便于日常佩戴、实现长时间实时监测。
附图说明
图1是柔性可穿戴心电监测系统框图
图2是心电监护设备技术路线图
图3是柔性可穿戴心电监测设备
图4是微电极制作工艺流程图
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施方式一：
如图3，本发明涉及一种基于柔性电路设计的心率监测设备，包括柔性电极设计、硬件电路设计、软件设计，所述设备用于实时心率监测。电路系统如图1，硬件组成包含FPCB电极模块采集心电信号、ADS1292R前端采集模块进行信号处理传输至STM32主控模块通过信号存储传输模块进行心电信号的实时传输及存储。所述FPCB柔性电路微电极的具体制备流程如图4所示。
①采用高温热氧化工艺，在硅片上沉积2μm后的SiO2。这层SiO2作为微电极释放过程的牺牲层，如图4(a)所示。
②采集CVD聚合工艺沉积第一层Parylene，厚度为8μm，作为柔性电极的基底和绝缘材料，如图4(b)所示。
③旋涂正性光刻胶，完成前烘、曝光、显影后，得到光刻掩图案，如图4(c)所示。
④采用溅射法，沉积一层厚度约为100nm的金属硌(Cr)，用以提高与基底的结合力，再沉积200-300nm的金，如图4(d)所示。
⑤沉积完成后，采用剥离工艺(Lift-off)得到图形化的Au/Cr金属薄层，此Au/Cr金属薄层用作电极的刺激位电、电极引线和引线焊电，如图4(e)所示。
⑥在Au/Cr金属层上，沉积第二层Parylene，厚度约5μm，用来封装电极，如图4(f)所示。
⑦再次旋涂正性光刻胶，完成前烘、曝光、显影后，得到厚约30μm的光刻胶掩模图案，如图4(g)所示。显影后在100℃下进行后烘处理，以提高抗蚀能力。这层光刻胶用作反应离子刻蚀工艺(RIE)中刻蚀Parylene时的掩模层。
⑧在氧气环境中，采用反应离子刻蚀技术(RIE)将电极位点和线焊点上方的Parylene刻蚀掉，从而暴露出导电窗口，如图4(h)所示。
⑨在稀释的HF溶液中将微电极从硅片上释放出来，完成整个微电极制作过程，如图 4(i)所示。
具体实施方式二：
按照实施方式一的步骤制备FPCB柔性电路微电极，如图1，将所述FPCB柔性电路微电极结合于织物电极中，所述织物电极在心电单极胸导联V5处粘贴，所述信号采集模块采用 TI公司的ADS1292R低功耗芯片进行心电信号的采集，控制器采用低功耗STM32，采用时域特征提取和变换域特征提取法提取有效心电信号，去除共模信号并放大后经过模数转换将采集的心电信号转换成数字信号，所述STM32利用DSP进行滤波，SD卡进行存储，通过蓝牙模块实时传输，APP实时观察。
Claims (7)
1.一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，其特征在于，所述设备对人体心率进行监测，包括柔性电极设计、硬件电路设计、软件设计，整体尺寸小，便于佩戴。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，其特征在于，所述硬件电路设计包含信号采集电路、数据存储电路、电源供电电路和蓝牙电路。所述软件设计主要完成心电信号的采集与处理，并将处理后的信号存储至MicroSD卡，同时通过蓝牙将信号传送到移动终端。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，其特征在于，所述柔性电路采用挠性印制电路板(FPC)，柔性心电电极设计采用聚合物材料聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)和金属金(Au)作为主要结构材料，制备图案化高密度柔性电极，且把柔性聚合物作为衬底排布高密度微米级金电极阵列，辅以图形化导线网络保护电路，同时满足拉伸及弯曲性能，紧密、无创的贴合人体皮肤，增加信号的稳定性和使用者的舒适度。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，其特征在于，所述柔性心电电极的制备采取一种超薄表皮柔性生物电传感器，所述电极和引线选用岛-桥结构，采用Cr/Au及PI膜通过光刻、镀膜等微纳加工技术制作，线的形状采用Peano或蛇形曲线。电极和引线采用不同的走线方式，电极部分在各个方向上都有较好的电稳定性，所述电极可以通过范德华力吸附在皮肤上，能够长期、高保真的记录生物电信号。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，其特征在于，所述衬底材料选用无毒、化学惰性强、生物相容性好、不易生物降解、绝缘性好的聚对二甲苯(Parylene)。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，其特征在于，所述柔性电路设计无需导电凝胶，实现像创可贴一样直接贴在皮肤上就可以进行心电采集，使设备能有效与皮肤贴合，不易脱落，减小运动伪差，设备的稳定性和舒适性高。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种基于柔性电路的贴片式单导心电监测设备，其特征在于，所述信号采集电路选用ADS1292R芯片，通过电极片拾取人体体表心电信号完成心电信号提取处理，所述数据存储电路采用容量为8GB的Micro SD卡存储数据，所述电源供电电路选用125mA可充电锂电池作为稳定电源，所述蓝牙电路选用HC-42作为蓝牙芯片用于系统数据无线传输。
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