CN112544551A - Method and equipment for maintaining water purification function of chlorella in aquaculture circulating water system - Google Patents

Method and equipment for maintaining water purification function of chlorella in aquaculture circulating water system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112544551A
CN112544551A CN201910854741.9A CN201910854741A CN112544551A CN 112544551 A CN112544551 A CN 112544551A CN 201910854741 A CN201910854741 A CN 201910854741A CN 112544551 A CN112544551 A CN 112544551A
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chlorella
water
culture
photoreactor
circulating water
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CN201910854741.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘晓东
王韩信
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Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute
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Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/045Filters for aquaria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/047Liquid pumps for aquaria
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105Phosphorus compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

A method for maintaining water purification function of chlorella in an aquaculture circulating water system and equipment thereof are disclosed, wherein the method comprises the steps of precipitating culture water and then injecting the water into the culture system; putting the fish into a pond, and adding chlorella living cells; flocculating with chitosan before the chlorella enters the decline period: treating the flocculate; adjusting the cell number of chlorella. The invention avoids the chlorella releasing toxin after entering the death phase and the water body being polluted by the apoptotic chlorella cells; adjusting the cell number of chlorella after flocculation to continuously exert the functions of denitrification and dephosphorization of chlorella in the culture system; the chitosan is used as a flocculating agent, so that the flocculating agent is non-toxic and harmless to culture objects, and the flocculated algae mass also provides a high-quality protein source for part of the culture objects. The device of the invention is that a glass photoreactor is added in a water treatment pool to reduce the flow velocity, manufacture thin-layer water flow and increase the light energy utilization efficiency, thereby strengthening the photosynthesis of chlorella; a suspended plastic ball filter material is adopted in the microbial treatment pool, so that the problem that the filter material is blocked due to overlarge biomass of chlorella is solved.

Description

Method and equipment for maintaining water purification function of chlorella in aquaculture circulating water system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and equipment for purifying water in an aquaculture circulating water system, in particular to a chlorella water purification function maintaining method and equipment in the aquaculture circulating water system based on a chlorella water purification technology.
Background
In the prior art, the water purification function of chlorella is widely used for various sewage treatments. The chlorella converts nitrogen and phosphorus in the water into self protein through photosynthesis, and releases oxygen at the same time. However, the exponential growth phase of the vigorous growth of chlorella cannot be maintained for a long time, and the chlorella will decline and age in an open environment for several days, releasing toxic and harmful substances, and the dead chlorella cells will pollute the water again. Therefore, at present, the water purification function of chlorella cannot be continuously maintained, which is a bottleneck problem faced by a circulating water culture system based on the water purification function of chlorella.
In addition, the fresh water intensive circulating aquaculture mode generally comprises a cement aquaculture pond and a filtering system, aquaculture water circularly flows between the aquaculture pond and the filtering system, large-particle wastes are continuously removed through physical filtration of the filtering system, and toxic wastes such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and the like are continuously converted into low-toxicity nitrate nitrogen through the nitrification of microorganisms, so that the cyclic utilization of the aquaculture water is realized. Although the system has the advantages of small influence by climate and weather changes, high land and water source utilization rate and the like, the filter system has high operation cost, can only convert toxic wastes such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and the like into nitrate nitrogen with lower toxicity, can not realize denitrification and dephosphorization of the aquaculture water body, and can cause environmental pollution when the aquaculture tail water is discharged.
At present, the water purification function of chlorella is applied to various sewage treatments. The chlorella converts nitrogen and phosphorus in water into self protein through photosynthesis, and releases oxygen at the same time, thereby realizing denitrification and dephosphorization of water. However, in the traditional circulating water aquaculture mode, because sufficient illumination is difficult to provide, and in the microbial treatment link, a large amount of chlorella in water can block the microfilter, so that the purification function of the chlorella cannot be applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method for maintaining the water purification function of chlorella in an aquaculture system and fresh water circulating aquaculture equipment based on the water purification function of chlorella, which is suitable for the method and is used for solving the bottleneck problems that the traditional circulating aquaculture system is high in operation cost and the chlorella in the fresh water circulating aquaculture system based on the water purification function of chlorella is periodically apoptotic, and the denitrification and dephosphorization functions cannot be continuously exerted.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
the invention relates to a method for keeping the water purification function of chlorella in an aquaculture circulating water system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the culture water is subjected to dark precipitation for more than or equal to 24 hours, and clear water at the upper part after precipitation is injected into a fresh water aquaculture circulating water culture system based on the chlorella purification function;
(2) the culture system needs to be put into a fish pond after running for 5 days, chlorella living cells are added into the culture system at the same time, and the addition amount is 50000-150000 cells/ml;
(3) when the chlorella in the culture system passes through exponential growth phase and before entering death phase, the chlorella cells are flocculated: adjusting the pH value of the water body to 7.8-8.0 by using sodium bicarbonate, arranging one air stone every 1.5 m in the fish pond to increase the aeration quantity, applying 20 mg/L of chitosan into the fish pond, and recovering the normal aeration level after increasing the aeration quantity for half an hour;
(4) performing flocculation treatment according to the characteristics of the cultured fishes;
(5) after the flocculate is removed, the chlorella is added into the culture system again according to the quantity condition of the residual chlorella.
The invention relates to a freshwater aquaculture circulating water culture device based on chlorella purification function, which comprises a culture pond and is characterized in that: the upper part of the culture pond is provided with a photoreactor made of transparent materials, the photoreactor is internally provided with at least two guide plates which are arranged in a staggered way from top to bottom, a microorganism treatment water tank is arranged below the guide plates, water flows into the culture pond after flowing to the microorganism treatment water tank through a plurality of guide plates, and an uninterrupted light source is also fixedly arranged outside the photoreactor.
The method of the invention is to flocculate the algae cells which are about to enter the decay period, thereby avoiding the algae cells which release toxin and die after the chlorella enters the decay period from polluting the water body; the cell number of the chlorella is readjusted after flocculation, so that the denitrification and dephosphorization functions of the chlorella in the fresh water aquaculture circulating water system based on the chlorella water purification function can be continuously exerted; the invention adopts chitosan as a flocculating agent, has no toxicity and harm to the cultured objects, and the algae mass formed by flocculation also provides a high-quality protein source for the cultured objects due to the omnivorous nature, the herbivorous nature and the filter feeding nature.
The equipment of the invention is that a glass photoreactor is added in a water treatment pool to reduce the flow velocity, and simultaneously, a thin layer water flow is manufactured to increase the light energy utilization efficiency, thereby strengthening the photosynthesis of chlorella; the suspended plastic ball filter material is adopted in the microorganism treatment pool, so that the problems of insufficient illumination and filter material blockage caused by overlarge chlorella biomass in the prior art are effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure, the numbers are respectively represented as: 1-a culture pond; 2-a photoreactor; 3-a flow guide plate; 4-a microbial treatment water tank; 5-a sewage suction port light source; 6-uninterrupted light source; 7-filtering material; 8-a water pump; 9-pipeline.
Detailed Description
The method is used for solving the problem that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal functions of chlorella in the freshwater aquaculture circulating water culture system based on the chlorella water purification function cannot be continuously exerted when the chlorella periodically enters the decline and death period. The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
(1) before the culture starts, the culture water is subjected to dark precipitation for more than or equal to 24 hours, and clear water at the upper part after precipitation is injected into a fresh water aquaculture circulating water culture system based on the chlorella purification function;
(2) the culture system needs to be put into a fish pond after running for 5 days, chlorella living cells are added into the culture system at the same time, and the addition amount is 50000-150000 cells/ml;
(3) when the chlorella in the culture system passes through exponential growth phase and before entering death phase, the chitosan is used for flocculating the chlorella cells. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the pH value of the water body to 7.8-8.0 by using sodium bicarbonate, arranging one air stone every 1.5 m in the fish pond to increase the aeration quantity, applying 20 mg/L of chitosan into the fish pond, and recovering the normal aeration level after increasing the aeration quantity for half an hour;
(4) performing flocculation treatment according to the characteristics of the cultured fishes: for example, young fishes for breeding omnivorous and herbivorous fishes or filter-feeding fishes, the feeding is stopped on the day of flocculation operation and before noon in the next day, and the precipitated algae flocs can be directly eaten by the cultured objects; for example, for feeding carnivorous fish, the flocculate in the culture pond and the microorganism-treated water tank is siphoned out.
(5) After the flocculate is removed, the chlorella is added into the culture system again according to the quantity condition of the residual chlorella. The above operations are repeated a plurality of times.
The invention further describes a fresh water aquaculture circulating water culture device based on chlorella purification function with reference to the following embodiment and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the culture pond is made of cement, the length, width and height of the culture pond are respectively 4 meters multiplied by 2 meters multiplied by 0.75 meter, and the culture pond can be placed in water with the depth of 0.7 meter.
The upper part of the culture pond is provided with a photoreactor made of glass transparent materials, and the photoreactor has the length of 2 meters, the width of 1 meter and the height of 1 meter.
The photoreactor is internally provided with at least two guide plates which are staggered from top to bottom, and the photoreactor is internally provided with three guide plates which are staggered from top to bottom, and the length of the three guide plates is equal to that of the photoreactor. One end of the guide plate extends and warps, and the guide plate and the side wall of the photoreactor form a shallow water storage space.
Each guide plate and the side wall of the photoreactor form the upper part of the water storage space, and a sewage suction port capable of absorbing the sewage in the reactor through a rubber pipeline is arranged on one side wall of the photoreactor.
An uninterrupted light source is fixedly arranged outside the photoreactor, and the illumination intensity of the uninterrupted light source is 5000-10000 lux. In this embodiment, four float grass lamps with a length of 1 meter are arranged in parallel on one side of the photoreactor as light sources, and the illumination intensity is 8000 lux.
And a microorganism treatment water tank is arranged below the guide plate, and water flows to the microorganism treatment water tank through the guide plates along the direction a and then enters the culture pond.
A filter material is also placed in the microbial treatment water tank, and the suspended multi-surface plastic balls are used as the filter material and are used as an attachment base of nitrobacteria.
The bottom of the culture pond is fixedly provided with a water pump, and pond water is continuously conveyed to the upper end of the photoreactor through a pipeline. The water flow flows back to the culture pond after passing through the photoreactor and the microorganism treatment water tank along the direction a, and the circulation is continuous so as to achieve the purification function.

Claims (9)

1. The method for maintaining the water purification function of the chlorella in the aquaculture circulating water system comprises the following steps:
(1) the culture water is subjected to dark precipitation for more than or equal to 24 hours, and clear water at the upper part after precipitation is injected into a fresh water aquaculture circulating water culture system based on the chlorella purification function;
(2) the culture system needs to be put into a fish pond after running for 5 days, chlorella living cells are added into the culture system at the same time, and the addition amount is 50000-150000 cells/ml;
(3) when the chlorella in the culture system passes through exponential growth phase and before entering death phase, the chlorella cells are flocculated: adjusting the pH value of the water body to 7.8-8.0 by using sodium bicarbonate, arranging one air stone every 1.5 m in the fish pond to increase the aeration quantity, applying 20 mg/L of chitosan into the fish pond, and recovering the normal aeration level after increasing the aeration quantity for half an hour;
(4) performing flocculation treatment according to the characteristics of the cultured fishes;
(5) after the flocculate is removed, the chlorella is added into the culture system again according to the quantity condition of the residual chlorella.
2. The method for maintaining the water purification function of the chlorella in the aquaculture circulating water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: performing flocculation treatment according to the characteristics of the cultured fishes in the step (4), specifically; feeding young grass-feeding fishes, omnivorous fishes or filter-feeding fishes, and stopping feeding before the noon of the current day and the next day of the flocculation operation; for feeding carnivorous fish, flocculate in the culture pond and the microorganism treating water tank is sucked out by a siphon method.
3. The method for maintaining the water purification function of the chlorella in the aquaculture circulating water system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (5) repeating the operations from the step (3) to the step (5) for a plurality of times in the whole culture process.
4. The utility model provides a fresh water aquaculture circulating water equipment based on chlorella purification performance, includes the breed pond, its characterized in that: the upper part of the culture pond is provided with a photoreactor made of transparent materials, at least two guide plates are arranged in the photoreactor in a staggered manner from top to bottom, a microorganism treatment water tank is arranged below the guide plates, water flows into the culture pond after flowing to the microorganism treatment water tank through a plurality of guide plates, an uninterrupted light source is further fixedly arranged outside the photoreactor, and a filter material is arranged in the microorganism treatment water tank.
5. The freshwater aquaculture circulating water culture device based on the chlorella purifying function according to claim 4, wherein: one end of the guide plate extends and warps, and the guide plate and the side wall of the photoreactor form a shallow water storage space.
6. The freshwater aquaculture circulating water culture device based on the chlorella purifying function according to claim 4, wherein: the guide plate and the side wall of the photoreactor form the upper part of a water storage space, and a sewage suction port capable of absorbing sewage in the reactor through a rubber pipeline is arranged on one side wall of the photoreactor.
7. The freshwater aquaculture circulating water culture device based on the chlorella purifying function according to claim 4, wherein: the illumination intensity of the uninterrupted light source is 5000-10000 lux.
8. The freshwater aquaculture circulating water culture device based on the chlorella purifying function according to claim 4, wherein: the filter material in the microorganism treatment water tank is a suspended multi-surface plastic ball.
9. The freshwater aquaculture circulating water culture device based on the chlorella purifying function according to claim 4, wherein: the bottom of the culture pond is fixedly provided with a water pump, and water is conveyed to the upper end of the photoreactor through a pipeline.
CN201910854741.9A 2019-09-10 2019-09-10 Method and equipment for maintaining water purification function of chlorella in aquaculture circulating water system Pending CN112544551A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04258236A (en) * 1991-02-06 1992-09-14 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Circulating cleaning of water for raising of marine product and device therefor
JPH0530879A (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-09 Toshiro Sekine Cultivation of fish and apparatus therefor
JPH09205928A (en) * 1996-01-29 1997-08-12 Shinichi Saito Breeding filtering device
CN204272963U (en) * 2014-12-05 2015-04-22 甘肃德福生物科技有限公司 A kind of ecological chlorella circulatory system purifying air and oxygen supply in fishpond
CN105753245A (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-07-13 宋维成 Method for treating poultry farm wastewater by using chlorella and chitosan
CN105961303A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-09-28 山东大学 Fish-bacterium-algae-symbiotic ecological breeding system and running method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04258236A (en) * 1991-02-06 1992-09-14 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Circulating cleaning of water for raising of marine product and device therefor
JPH0530879A (en) * 1991-08-01 1993-02-09 Toshiro Sekine Cultivation of fish and apparatus therefor
JPH09205928A (en) * 1996-01-29 1997-08-12 Shinichi Saito Breeding filtering device
CN204272963U (en) * 2014-12-05 2015-04-22 甘肃德福生物科技有限公司 A kind of ecological chlorella circulatory system purifying air and oxygen supply in fishpond
CN105753245A (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-07-13 宋维成 Method for treating poultry farm wastewater by using chlorella and chitosan
CN105961303A (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-09-28 山东大学 Fish-bacterium-algae-symbiotic ecological breeding system and running method thereof

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