CN101423317B - Pond culture water purification method and cleaning pool thereof - Google Patents
Pond culture water purification method and cleaning pool thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101423317B CN101423317B CN2008102363644A CN200810236364A CN101423317B CN 101423317 B CN101423317 B CN 101423317B CN 2008102363644 A CN2008102363644 A CN 2008102363644A CN 200810236364 A CN200810236364 A CN 200810236364A CN 101423317 B CN101423317 B CN 101423317B
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- pond
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- water purification
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title description 2
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- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005289 physical deposition Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 8
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CVTZKFWZDBJAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].N Chemical compound 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[N].N CVTZKFWZDBJAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound 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- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009114 investigational therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004301 light adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02W10/18—
Abstract
The invention discloses a purifying pond for pond culture water. The pond is of a stripe shape and covers an area which is 5 to 20 percent of that of a culture pond. The pond comprises a physical deposition region, a biological deposition region, a reoxygenation region and a water storage region sequentially along a flow direction of tail water. Adjacent purification regions are communicated through culverts. Emergent aquatic plants are planted in the physical deposition region, floating plants are planted in the biological deposition region, submerged plants are planted in the reoxygenation region and the water storage region, and aquatic economic animals are cultured in the water storage region. The invention also discloses a method for purifying pond culture water by the purifying pond. The invention uses environmental and ecological restoration technique, can effectively purify culture tail water, realize standard discharge and save land resources, and is safe, environmentally-friendly, and suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of treatment process of water, be specifically related to a kind of pond culture water purification method and treating pond thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, Taihu Lake basin water quality is in continuous deterioration, and according to the monitoring report in May, 2008 of Taihu Lake basin management board, the Taihu Lake ammonia nitrogen is 0.19mg/L (an II class), and total phosphorus is 0.083mg/L (an IV class), and total nitrogen is 3.07mg/L (a bad V class).The Shen Qirong of Agricultural University Of Nanjing shows the investigation in Taihu Lake, originate from the body eutrophication material, the nutrient contribution rate that flows into Taihu Lake from the farmland accounts for 20%, account for 40% from aquatic products, livestock and poultry cultivation, account for 20%～30% from town domestic sewage and mud, also have other sources to account for 10%～20%.Self water that illustrates that aquaculture causes pollutes and can not despise.
Behind the blue algae blooms in 2007, country and provincial government have taked many strong measures, comprise the foster crab purse seine dismounting of Taihu Lake and Yangcheng Lake big area etc., and these measures are significant to the improvement of Taihu Lake basin water quality eutrophication.In addition, governments at all levels have also put into effect pond culture tail water emission standard, and Jiangsu Province has put into effect more strict Taihu Lake basin pond culture water emission standard, this standard code: tail water total nitrogen≤2mg/L, total phosphorus≤0.2mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤1.3mg/L, suspended matter≤50mg/L.
On the other hand, market still has powerful demand to various aquaculture products, and numerous fishermen yet will rely on aquaculture and come survival and development.
Therefore, at this general aquaculture model of pond culture, research and development is applicable to pond culture water purification method, for culturing the tail water qualified discharge important practical sense is arranged.
In the prior art, culture water purification method and mainly contain chemical method, physics method and biological process.Chemical method promptly adds chemical oxidizing agent in water body, its shortcoming is to destroy the eubiosis of aquaculture water, and the risk of secondary pollution is arranged; The physics method mainly is to remove pollutent by physical processes such as desilting, precipitation, filtrations, but generally needs bigger fund input; Therefore, the two operability is relatively poor, and by contrast, it is low that biological process has a cost, and advantage such as have no side effect is the first-selection of environmental ecology recovery technique.Zhao Han be taken at document (science is breeded fish, 2008, (7), 1～2) also bioremediation technology is summarized in, introduced the cleaning action of various bioremediation technologies to aquaculture water, yet, utilize biotechnology to come the concrete purifying method and the treating pond thereof of purifying aquaculture water not to appear in the newspapers.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pond culture water purification method and treating pond thereof, to realize culturing the tail water qualified discharge.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of pond culture water purification pond, described treating pond is strip, its area is 5～20% of a cultivating pool area, be provided with physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district, four purifying areas of natural reaeration region and storage area successively along the tail water water (flow) direction, and be interconnected by culvert between the adjacent purifying area;
The area in described physical sedimentation district accounts for 5～20% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 50～70cm, wherein plants emergent, and cultivated area accounts for 80～100% of the physical sedimentation district total area;
The area in described biogenic sediment district accounts for 10～30% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is more than the 200cm, wherein plants pleuston, and cultivated area accounts for 80～100% of the biogenic sediment district total area;
The area of described natural reaeration region accounts for 10～30% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 50～90cm, wherein plants planting submerged plant, and cultivated area accounts for 60～80% of the natural reaeration region total area;
The area of described storage area accounts for 30～50% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 80～150cm, wherein plants planting submerged plant, and cultivated area accounts for 50～70% of the storage area total area; And put aquatic economic animal in a suitable place to breed.
Above, being interconnected with culvert between the described and adjacent purifying area, is by setting up earth dam between purifying area, is provided with under earth dam that culvert realizes again.Described emergent, pleuston and submerged plant all are known, can choose different plants according to cultivation water and practical situation.
In the technique scheme, the area of described treating pond is 5～10% of a cultivating pool area.This is at the cultivating pool of supporting crab.
In the technique scheme, the area of described treating pond is 10～20% of a cultivating pool area.This is at the cultivating pool of breeding fish.
In the technique scheme, the emergent in the described physical sedimentation district is selected from wild rice stem and the Chinese celery one or both.
In the technique scheme, the pleuston in the described biogenic sediment district is selected from duckweed, water peanut and the Herba Eichhorniae one or more.
In the technique scheme, the submerged plant in described natural reaeration region and the storage area is selected from hornwort, watermifoil and the black algae one or more.
In the technique scheme, the aquatic economic animal in the described storage area is selected from river crab, freshwater shrimp and the silver carp one or more.In the storage area, put aquatic economic animal in a suitable place to breed, mainly be in order further to adopt the biological method purification water body, this is a prior art, suitable low density such as the preferred river crab of described aquatic economic animal of putting in a suitable place to breed, freshwater shrimp is cultured drainabilities such as kind or silver carp and is cultured kind, also can adopt " 631 " to raise together with pattern, also can produce certain economic benefits simultaneously; The width of described storage area can be wideer than first three grade purifying area for the treatment of pond, to adapt to putting in a suitable place to breed of aquatic economic animal, also can utilize existing pond, to reduce tail water district improvement cost.
Further technical scheme also is placed with the artificial ecology base in described natural reaeration region and the storage area.The climing ecological matrix of A Ke for example further purifies to prevent the upstream from purifying when not up to standard.
A kind of pond culture water purification method comprises the steps:
Pond tail water is entered above-mentioned treating pond, culture the pond recycle through entering the storage area behind physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district, the natural reaeration region or directly entering successively; The residence time of described pond tail water in physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district and natural reaeration region is 0.5～1 day.The residence time is not limit in the storage area.
Principle of work of the present invention is: after pond tail water enters treating pond, be introduced into the physical sedimentation district, suspended substance in the emergent filtration of utilization plantation, the absorption water body in N and P, the precipitation water, because the depth of water in physical sedimentation district is more shallow and kind is implanted with emergent, thereby can effectively stop current, promote precipitation and purification; Then, enter the biogenic sediment district, carry out biogenic sediment and purify, pleuston wherein not only absorbs pollutents such as the intravital N of water, P, has also blocked light and has entered water body, makes that the growth and breeding of planktonic algae is obstructed in the water, the suspended matter precipitation that also descends; Then, tail water enters natural reaeration region, and N, the P content in the water body is very low at this moment, and floatability plant and planktonic algae are difficult to growth, and dissolved oxygen is lower, therefore plants planting submerged plant, further precipitates, absorbs nutrient rich in the water body on the one hand, also can replenish dissolved oxygen on the other hand; Can place " A Keman " artificial ecology base in addition, further purify when not up to standard in case the upstream purifies; The water that comes out has from here reached the purification requirement substantially, in order further to guarantee the water body quality, and adaptation practical application, again water is entered the storage area, the effect of water storage can be played in this zone, also is a low density ecologic breeding district, mainly puts shrimp, crab that suitable low density is cultured in a suitable place to breed, can put a small amount of drainability economic animal such as silver carp etc. in addition in a suitable place to breed, thereby under the prerequisite that further purifies water, realize high economic benefit.Through after the above-mentioned steps, pond tail water can reach emission standard.
Because the employing of technique scheme, compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1. the invention provides a kind of pond culture water purification pond and purifying method, utilize the environmental ecology recovery technique, effectively purifying aquaculture tail water is realized qualified discharge.
2. treating pond of the present invention is strip, can save and utilize land resources, and practical application finds, at foster crab, piscina, when the treating pond total area be respectively the foster crab pond total area 5%, piscina 10% the time, can realize the purpose that purifies.
3. purifying method safety and environmental protection of the present invention can not produce secondary pollution, and cost is lower, is suitable for applying.
4. purifying method of the present invention has not only purified water quality, can also culture aquatic economic animal simultaneously, plant aquatic economic plants, has good economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one
A kind of at foster crab pond culture water purification pond, area is about 5% of a cultivating pool area, described treating pond is strip, wide about 3～5 meters, be divided into 4 purifying areas with earth dam, promptly be provided with physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district, natural reaeration region and storage area successively along the tail water water (flow) direction, the cloth culvert connects each adjacent purifying area in the earth dam;
The area in described physical sedimentation district accounts for 20% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 50cm, wherein plants wild rice stem, Chinese celery, and cultivated area accounts for 80% of the physical sedimentation district total area;
The area in described biogenic sediment district accounts for 30% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 250cm, wherein plants the pleuston Herba Eichhorniae, and cultivated area accounts for 80% of the biogenic sediment district total area;
The area of described natural reaeration region accounts for 20% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 80cm, wherein plants the planting submerged plant hornwort, and cultivated area accounts for 60% of the natural reaeration region total area;
The area of described storage area accounts for 30% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 110cm, wherein plants the planting submerged plant hornwort, and cultivated area accounts for 60% of the storage area total area; And put aquatic economic animal in a suitable place to breed.
Above, put aquatic economic animal in a suitable place to breed in the described storage area, be meant drainabilities breed kinds such as suitable low density breed kind such as river crab, freshwater shrimp or silver carp.
In the technique scheme, also be placed with the climing ecological matrix of A Ke in described natural reaeration region and the storage area.
Pond tail water is entered above-mentioned treating pond, culture the pond recycle through entering the storage area behind physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district, the natural reaeration region or directly entering successively; The residence time of described pond tail water in physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district and natural reaeration region is 0.5～1 day, and the residence time in the storage area is determined according to practical situation.
Test in pond, breed such as Suzhou Xiang Cheng ground, after purifying through aforesaid method, the every index before and after detection breed water purifies, the result is as follows:
| Index | Total nitrogen mg/L | Total phosphorus mg/L | Ammonia nitrogen mg/L | Suspended matter mg/L |
| Before the purification | 4.1 | 0.31 | 1.54 | 89.2 |
| After the purification | 0.9 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 4.8 |
As can be seen from the above table, purifying method of the present invention can reach the Taihu Lake basin pond culture water emission standard that Jiangsu Province puts into effect, that is: tail water total nitrogen≤2mg/L, total phosphorus≤0.2mg/L, ammonia nitrogen≤1.3mg/L, suspended matter≤50mg/L.Has good actual effect.
Embodiment two
A kind of at piscina breed water purification pond, area is about 15% of a cultivating pool area, described treating pond is strip, wide about 3～5 meters, be divided into 4 purifying areas with earth dam, promptly be provided with physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district, natural reaeration region and storage area successively along the tail water water (flow) direction, the cloth culvert connects each adjacent purifying area in the earth dam;
The area in described physical sedimentation district accounts for 15% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 70cm, wherein plants wild rice stem, Chinese celery, and cultivated area accounts for 90% of the physical sedimentation district total area;
The area in described biogenic sediment district accounts for 25% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 200cm, wherein plants the pleuston duckweed, and cultivated area accounts for 80% of the biogenic sediment district total area;
The area of described natural reaeration region accounts for 20% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 90cm, wherein plants the planting submerged plant hornwort, and cultivated area accounts for 60% of the natural reaeration region total area;
The area of described storage area accounts for 40% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 120cm, wherein plants the planting submerged plant hornwort, and cultivated area accounts for 50% of the storage area total area; And put aquatic economic animal in a suitable place to breed.
Above, put aquatic economic animal in a suitable place to breed in the described storage area, be meant and raise together with silver carp, variegated carp, spiral shell and freshwater mussel; The specification of raising together with is: 50g silver carp 20～50 tail/mus, 50g variegated carp 10～20 tail/mus, spiral shell 150～250kg/ mu, freshwater mussel 150～200kg/ mu.
In the technique scheme, also be placed with the climing ecological matrix of A Ke in described natural reaeration region and the storage area.
Pond tail water is entered above-mentioned treating pond, culture the pond recycle through entering the storage area behind physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district, the natural reaeration region or directly entering successively; The residence time of described pond tail water in physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district and natural reaeration region is 0.5～1 day, and the residence time in the storage area is determined according to practical situation.
Claims (8)
1. pond culture water purification pond, it is characterized in that, described treating pond is strip, its area is 5～20% of a cultivating pool area, be provided with physical sedimentation district, biogenic sediment district, four purifying areas of natural reaeration region and storage area successively along the tail water water (flow) direction, and be interconnected by culvert between the adjacent purifying area;
The area in described physical sedimentation district accounts for 5～20% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 50～70cm, wherein plants emergent, and cultivated area accounts for 80～100% of the physical sedimentation district total area;
The area in described biogenic sediment district accounts for 10～30% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is more than the 200cm, wherein plants pleuston, and cultivated area accounts for 80～100% of the biogenic sediment district total area;
The area of described natural reaeration region accounts for 10～30% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 50～90cm, wherein plants planting submerged plant, and cultivated area accounts for 60～80% of the natural reaeration region total area;
The area of described storage area accounts for 30～50% of described treating pond area, and the depth of water is 80～150cm, wherein plants planting submerged plant, and cultivated area accounts for 50～70% of the storage area total area; And put aquatic economic animal in a suitable place to breed.
2. pond culture water purification according to claim 1 pond is characterized in that, the area of described treating pond is 5～10% of a cultivating pool area.
3. pond culture water purification according to claim 1 pond is characterized in that, the area of described treating pond is 10～20% of a cultivating pool area.
4. pond culture water purification according to claim 1 pond is characterized in that, the emergent in the described physical sedimentation district is selected from wild rice stem and the Chinese celery one or both.
5. pond culture water purification according to claim 1 pond is characterized in that, the pleuston in the described biogenic sediment district is selected from duckweed, water peanut and the Herba Eichhorniae one or more.
6. pond culture water purification according to claim 1 pond is characterized in that, the submerged plant in described natural reaeration region and the storage area is selected from hornwort, watermifoil and the black algae one or more.
7. pond culture water purification according to claim 1 pond is characterized in that, the aquatic economic animal in the described storage area is selected from river crab, freshwater shrimp and the silver carp one or more.
8. pond culture water purification according to claim 1 pond is characterized in that, also is placed with the artificial ecology base in described natural reaeration region and the storage area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008102363644A CN101423317B (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2008-11-07 | Pond culture water purification method and cleaning pool thereof |
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| CN2008102363644A CN101423317B (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2008-11-07 | Pond culture water purification method and cleaning pool thereof |
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| CN101423317B true CN101423317B (en) | 2010-10-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102260012B (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-09-05 | 河海大学 | Riverbank-type tail water treatment system |
| CN102701520A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-10-03 | 浙江大学 | Device for purifying aquaculture waste water |
| CN103004654A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-04-03 | 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 | Ecological breeding method of aeschynanthus pulcher and aquarium fish |
| CN103070130A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-01 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | System and method for purifying and circularly utilizing water in fish aquaculture pond |
| CN103229641B (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-06-11 | 周艺文 | Rotational planting and breeding method of zizania aquatica, eriocheir sinensis, lotus root, water chestnut and gorgon euryale for ecological restoration |
| CN105766706A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-07-20 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for treating juvenile crab culture pond eutrophication |
| CN105009893B (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2017-06-30 | 陈小昌 | Wild rice stem and freshwater crayfish make ecological cultivation system altogether |
| CN105532561A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-04 | 苏州益品德环境科技有限公司 | Industrial culture system of pond |
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