CN112541194A - Actual measurement data chaining method for engineering construction and engineering detection management method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an actual measurement data chaining method for engineering construction and an engineering detection management method thereof, wherein an encryption verification method utilizes a block chain technology to innovate management methods such as materials, equipment, vehicles, personnel, detection data and reports in the actual measurement data of the current engineering construction, a step-by-step encryption and accumulation verification mechanism is utilized, information chains of related materials or personnel, detection data and reports have unconventional and forged traces in any front-end circulation link, and form broken chains when the intelligent contract rules cannot be met, the data and information connection of a subsequent circulation link cannot be completed, and supervision nodes, related departments or detection units can find problems at the first time, solve the problems, avoid generating unnecessary economic loss and avoid safety accidents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to an actual measurement data chaining method for engineering construction and an engineering detection management method thereof.
Background
With the vigorous development of the infrastructure of China, engineering detection is increasingly important for ensuring the engineering quality and the safety of human bodies and properties. The engineering detection means that in the construction process of a building structure, a detection instrument is adopted to detect key raw materials and various control indexes of key parts, so that the safety and the reasonability of engineering construction can be checked and ensured. Engineering detection is not only a technical problem, but also a problem of a monitoring mechanism. The technology of the internet of things, the cloud platform and the block chain is mature, and a good foundation is provided for the construction of a monitoring mechanism and the technical construction of a system for scientific engineering detection.
The blockchain technology is a new technology which is generated along with the appearance and the development of virtual currencies such as bitcoin and the like, is a distributed database which is formed by adopting an encryption method, specifically utilizes a blockchain data structure to verify and store data, utilizes a distributed node consensus algorithm to generate and update data, utilizes a cryptography mode to ensure the safety of data transmission and access, and utilizes an intelligent contract composed of automatic script codes to program and operate the data.
The block chain technology provides a decentralized and unforgeable data storage technology, has the technical characteristics of simultaneous storage of a plurality of data, unforgeability, traceability and the like, provides a completely credible monitoring mechanism for inquiry, storage and supervision of construction engineering detection data, provides authoritative, objective and real data support for accident investigation, and avoids the possibility of artificially distorting and forging data on the system. The characteristics of block chain decentralization can be applied to the scenes that information needs to be transferred across subjects and multi-subject cooperation is involved.
The data volume of the building engineering is huge, the related links are many, the relationship is complicated, a plurality of participating units and departments are often required to coordinate, a high trust foundation is required during mutual communication, and a large amount of resources are required for supervision and management in the work flow. And the data on the blockchain cannot be tampered, so that the data is not completely real, comprehensive, scientific, reliable, fair and reasonable. The acquisition of the original data is often governed by one or two involved participating entities, and thus there is a significant hole in the real and validity monitoring of the data before and during the uplink. It is therefore necessary to give an insight into the application of blockchain technology in construction engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide a method for chaining actual measurement data in engineering construction and a method for detecting and managing engineering thereof, so as to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a practical data chaining method for engineering construction, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: servers of a plurality of engineering construction and supervision units are storage nodes on the block chain; the government supervision department server is a supervision node with supervision and storage functions on the block chain; a plurality of storage nodes associated with an engineering project form a federation chain; the monitoring node is connected with the alliance chain;
the supervision node sets an intelligent contract flow engine and a rule engine for the alliance chain; the intelligent contract process engine is used for setting an operation process for related goods and materials or personnel, detection data and reports of the project; the operation flow comprises at least two operation links; the rule engine is used for setting the authority of each operation link operator;
step 2: before the project is started, related materials or personnel, detection data and reports of each project are all configured with an intelligent tag; the intelligent label comprises a public code and a private code;
the public codes are used for identifying all operation links in the operation flow; all nodes in the alliance chain, relevant units outside the alliance chain or government departments can identify relevant materials or personnel, detection data and reports through the public codes, and the storage information of the relevant materials or personnel, the detection data and the reports on the alliance chain is obtained through the public codes;
the private code is set by the supervision node and is used for the storage node to upload data in a certain operation link;
and step 3: the operation flow of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report comprises n operation links Li(ii) a i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the jth operation link of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report is LijJ is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n; each operation flow LijAll uniquely correspond to a private code Bij；
J operation link L of i-th related material or personnel, detection data and reportijAfter the completion, the supervision node automatically generates a private code B according to the set coding ruleijAnd is present on the smart tag;
the storage node uploads the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report in the jth operation link LijWhen data is needed, the j-1 operation link L needs to be identified through a private key or by utilizing authorized reading equipmenti(j-1)Private code of (B)i(j-1)After the authentication is successful, the right of uploading data can be obtained, and then the information of the operation link can be uploaded to a block chain;
and 4, step 4: the supervising node verifies the quality of the data of the j operation links according to the intelligent contract flow engine (calling and comparing the data of other external alliance links if necessary), and only after the data of the j operation links are qualified, the supervising node can generate the private codes B of the j operation linksij。
Further, in step 3, the storage node identifies the j-1 st operation link L by a private key or by using an authorized reading devicei(j-1)Private code of (B)i(j-1)When the monitoring node monitors the (j-1) private codes B stored in the intelligent label one by onei1、Bi2、......、Bi(j-1)Information, and further determine the first (j-1) transportation of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and reportWhether the rotation link accords with a preset operation flow or not; and if the data are matched, the storage node is allowed to upload and record the data of j operation links in a distributed database of the blockchain.
Further, in the 1 st operation link L of the ith related materials or personnel, detection data and reporti1In the method, the supervision node automatically generates a private code B according to a set coding rulei0And is stored on the intelligent label so as to facilitate the storage node to run in the 1 st operation link Li1And identifying and verifying when uploading data.
Further, the smart tag is a tag that can be read by a particular device and is not reproducible. Such as Radio Frequency (RFID) tags, tags with IC cards.
By introducing an intelligent tag and tag reading equipment, and introducing the technology of a process engine and a rule engine in the design of a traceability model, and embedding the process engine and the rule engine into an intelligent contract of a block chain by a supervision node, the sections of operation links are buckled, so that substances or personnel, detection data and reports are prevented from violating set process regulations, data are forged and uploaded, and the information of an upper chain is ensured to be truly corresponding to the real objects under the chain.
The intelligent label reading equipment can adopt the technology of the Internet of things to intelligently sense, identify and manage vehicles, equipment, materials, personnel, detection data and report information in actual measurement quantities of engineering construction, the Internet of things is in seamless butt joint with a block chain, and collected data are uploaded to a storage node in time.
Further, the engineering construction and supervision unit comprises: design units, material suppliers, transportation companies, storage units, multiple or multiple levels of underwriters, and inspection units, among others.
Further, the project-related materials or personnel include, but are not limited to, materials, vehicles, equipment, and personnel related to the construction and supervision of each project.
The intelligent contract flow engine and the rule engine are middleware or intermediate modules, the flow engine is also called a workflow engine, the workflow engine is a control unit which takes workflow (workflow) as a part of the application system and provides core solutions with decision functions for each application system, wherein the core solutions comprise information transfer routes, content grades and the like according to different roles, division and conditions. The workflow engine comprises important functions of flow node management, flow direction management, flow sample management and the like, the rule engine is developed by the inference engine, is a component or a control unit embedded in an application program, and realizes the separation of business decisions from application program codes and the compiling of the business decisions by using a predefined semantic module. And receiving data input, interpreting business rules, and making business decisions according to the business rules.
Further, the public code is set by one storage node in the alliance chain, and then other storage nodes and the government supervision node are informed in an advertising mode.
Further, the public code is set by the supervisory node according to encryption rules.
In the invention, all engineering participation units such as design units, material suppliers, transport companies, storage units, contractors, detection units and the like are embodied as storage nodes on a block chain; all storage nodes form a storage node set in the cloud platform. And the server of the storage node is the sub-center for storing the actual measurement data of the engineering construction. All engineering participating units upload relevant engineering data information of actual measurement quantities of engineering construction in time through means of Internet of things, Internet and the like, and the relevant engineering data information is stored in servers of respective storage nodes in time. In order to ensure the consistency of each piece of sub-center data at a certain time point, the communication between every two storage nodes is maintained in a heartbeat message mode, and each storage node broadcasts the engineering data information of the storage node to other storage nodes in an advertisement mode, so that the multi-centralization of the engineering data storage is realized.
The phenomenon of overlapping and crossing exists between engineering construction and supervision units among a plurality of engineering projects, namely at least one or a plurality of storage nodes exist in a plurality of alliance chains at the same time. Many vehicles, equipment, materials and personnel, inspection data and reports, etc. often flow or circulate between multiple departments or units within a project; even more, equipment, vehicles, materials and personnel, inspection data and reports are interspersed or circulated between multiple divisions or units of multiple projects to improve efficiency or utilization. Data interactions between federation chains may be communicated through intersection nodes.
The relevant government department can be used as an independent node to be added into the node set of each engineering project, namely, the government supervision department is used as a supervision node with supervision function and certain storage function to be connected with a plurality of alliance chains, and the main responsibility of the government supervision department is to establish and unify intelligent contracts of the alliance chains and to standardize the system and the specification of data uploading and sharing management of each node.
The invention utilizes the block chain technology to innovate the material, equipment, vehicles, personnel, detection data and report management method in the actual measurement actual quantity of the current engineering construction, utilizes the progressive encryption and the cumulative verification mechanism, and the information chain of related materials or personnel, detection data and reports has unconventional and forged traces in any front-end circulation link, and can form broken links when the intelligent contract rule can not be met, the data and information connection of the subsequent circulation link can not be completed, and the supervision node, the related department or the detection unit can find the problem in the first time, thereby solving the problem, avoiding the generation of unnecessary economic loss and avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description in the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for chaining actual data of engineering construction in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a federation chain structure formed by engineering construction and supervision units in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a supervisory node connected to a plurality of federation chains in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an engineering inspection management method according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a node set in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a storage node storage database in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting fullness detection system in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the method for chaining actual measurement data in engineering construction disclosed in this embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1: servers of a plurality of engineering construction and supervision units are storage nodes on the block chain; the government supervision department server is a supervision node with supervision and storage functions on the block chain; a plurality of storage nodes associated with an engineering project form a federation chain; the monitoring node is connected with the alliance chain;
the supervision node sets an intelligent contract flow engine and a rule engine for the alliance chain; the intelligent contract flow engine is used for setting an operation flow for related goods and materials or personnel of a project; the operation flow comprises at least two operation links; the rule engine is used for setting the authority of each operation link operator;
step 2: before the project is started, related materials or personnel, detection data and reports of each project are all configured with an intelligent tag; the intelligent label comprises a public code and a private code;
the public codes are used for identifying all operation links in the operation flow; all nodes in the alliance chain, relevant units outside the alliance chain or government departments can identify relevant materials or personnel, detection data and reports through the public codes, and the storage information of the relevant materials or personnel, the detection data and the reports on the alliance chain is obtained through the public codes;
the private code is set by the supervision node and is used for the storage node to upload data in a certain operation link;
and step 3: the operation flow of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report comprises n operation links Li(ii) a i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the jth operation link of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report is LijJ is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n; each operation flow LijAll uniquely correspond to a private code Bij；
J operation link L of i-th related material or personnel, detection data and reportijAfter the completion, the supervision node automatically generates a private code B according to the set coding ruleijAnd is present on the smart tag;
the storage node uploads the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report in the jth operation link LijWhen data is needed, the j-1 operation link L needs to be identified through a private key or by utilizing authorized reading equipmenti(j-1)Private code of (B)i(j-1)After the authentication is successful, the right of uploading data can be obtained, and then the information of the operation link can be uploaded to a block chain;
and 4, step 4: the supervising node verifies the quality of the data of the j operation links according to the intelligent contract flow engine (calling and comparing the data of other external alliance links if necessary), and only after the data of the j operation links are qualified, the supervising node can generate the private codes B of the j operation linksij。
In step 3, more preferably, the storage node identifies the j-1 st operation link L by a private key or by using an authorized reading devicei(j-1)Private code of (B)i(j-1)When the monitoring node monitors the (j-1) private codes B stored in the intelligent label one by onei1、Bi2、......、Bi(j-1)Information, and further judging whether the previous (j-1) operation link of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report conforms to a preset operation flow; and if the data are matched, the storage node is allowed to upload and record the data of j operation links in a distributed database of the blockchain.
In the 1 st operation link L of the ith related materials or personnel, detection data and reporti1In the method, the supervision node automatically generates a private code B according to a set coding rulei0And is stored on the intelligent label so as to facilitate the storage node to run in the 1 st operation link Li1And identifying and verifying when uploading data.
Wherein the smart tag is a tag that can be read by a specific device and is not reproducible. Such as Radio Frequency (RFID) tags, tags with IC cards. By introducing an intelligent tag and tag reading equipment, and introducing the technology of a process engine and a rule engine in the design of a traceability model, and embedding the process engine and the rule engine into an intelligent contract of a block chain by a supervision node, the sections of operation links are buckled, so that substances or personnel, detection data and reports are prevented from violating set process regulations, data are forged and uploaded, and the information of an upper chain is ensured to be truly corresponding to the real objects under the chain.
The intelligent label reading equipment can adopt the technology of the Internet of things to intelligently sense, identify and manage vehicles, equipment, materials, personnel, detection data and report information in actual measurement quantities of engineering construction, the Internet of things is in seamless butt joint with a block chain, and collected data are uploaded to a storage node in time.
Wherein, engineering construction and supervision unit includes: design units, material suppliers, transportation companies, storage units, multiple or multiple levels of underwriters, and inspection units, among others. Project-related supplies or personnel include, but are not limited to, materials, vehicles, equipment, and personnel associated with the construction and supervision of each project.
The intelligent contract flow engine and the rule engine are middleware or intermediate modules, the flow engine is also called a workflow engine, the workflow engine is a control unit which takes workflow (workflow) as a part of the application system and provides core solutions with decision functions for each application system, wherein the core solutions comprise information transfer routes, content grades and the like according to different roles, division and conditions. The workflow engine comprises important functions of flow node management, flow direction management, flow sample management and the like, the rule engine is developed by the inference engine, is a component or a control unit embedded in an application program, and realizes the separation of business decisions from application program codes and the compiling of the business decisions by using a predefined semantic module. And receiving data input, interpreting business rules, and making business decisions according to the business rules.
The public code is set by one storage node in the alliance chain, and then other storage nodes and the government supervision node are informed in an advertising mode. Or the public code is set by the supervision node according to an encryption rule.
In the invention, referring to fig. 2, all engineering participation units such as design units, material suppliers, transportation companies, storage units, contractors, detection units and the like are embodied as storage nodes on a block chain; all storage nodes form a storage node set in the cloud platform. And the server of the storage node is the sub-center for storing the actual measurement data of the engineering construction. All engineering participating units upload relevant engineering data information of actual measurement quantities of engineering construction in time through means of Internet of things, Internet and the like, and the relevant engineering data information is stored in servers of respective storage nodes in time. In order to ensure the consistency of each piece of sub-center data at a certain time point, the communication between every two storage nodes is maintained in a heartbeat message mode, and each storage node broadcasts the engineering data information of the storage node to other storage nodes in an advertisement mode, so that the multi-centralization of the engineering data storage is realized.
Referring to fig. 3, there is an overlapping and crossing phenomenon between engineering construction and supervision units of a plurality of engineering projects, that is, at least one or more storage nodes exist in a plurality of federation chains at the same time. Many vehicles, equipment, materials and personnel, inspection data and reports, etc. often flow or circulate between multiple departments or units within a project; even more, equipment, vehicles, materials and personnel, inspection data and reports are interspersed or circulated between multiple divisions or units of multiple projects to improve efficiency or utilization. Data interactions between federation chains may be communicated through intersection nodes. The relevant government department can be used as an independent node to be added into the node set of each engineering project, namely, the government supervision department is used as a supervision node with supervision function and certain storage function to be connected with a plurality of alliance chains, and the main responsibility of the government supervision department is to establish and unify intelligent contracts of the alliance chains and to standardize the system and the specification of data uploading and sharing management of each node.
The invention utilizes the block chain technology to innovate the material, equipment, vehicles, personnel, detection data and report management method in the actual measurement actual quantity of the current engineering construction, utilizes the progressive encryption and the cumulative verification mechanism, and the information chain of related materials or personnel, detection data and reports has unconventional and forged traces in any front-end circulation link, and can form broken links when the intelligent contract rule can not be met, the data and information connection of the subsequent circulation link can not be completed, and the supervision node, the related department or the detection unit can find the problem in the first time, thereby solving the problem, avoiding the generation of unnecessary economic loss and avoiding the occurrence of safety accidents.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, the engineering inspection management method using the actual data chaining method in engineering construction provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
b1, connecting the storage nodes through the Internet and forming a federation chain; the monitoring node is connected with the alliance chain and used for setting or endowing the operation rule of the block chain, wherein the operation rule comprises a set constraint condition for selecting the leader node;
b2, the connectivity between the storage nodes is maintained by the heartbeat message mode between every two storage nodes, and each storage node broadcasts the own capability characteristic data to other storage nodes through the capability message;
b3, the supervision node sorts according to the set operation rule and the capability characteristics of the storage nodes, and selects a unique effective leader node for the storage node set;
b4, the valid leader node broadcasts announcement information about the storage node set to all other storage nodes periodically or aperiodically, so that all storage nodes maintain the same storage node set information and the consistency of the storage data of all storage nodes is realized;
b5, selecting a storage node meeting the set constraint condition as a candidate node by the supervisory node; the supervision node broadcasts the information of the alternative nodes to other storage nodes, and the storage node selected as the alternative node sets the self state as the alternative state;
b6, when the appointed period of the prior leader node expires, the supervisory node sends a switching message to all storage nodes; the standby node receives the switching message and sends switching confirmation information to the effective leader node and the supervision node, the effective leader node is converted into a common storage node after receiving the confirmation message, the standby node is converted into a new leader node, and the supervision node sends new leader announcement information to all the storage nodes; the supervising node then selects a new candidate node according to step B5.
B7: if an abnormal event occurs and the alternative node cannot receive the announcement message of the effective leader node within a certain time, the alternative node sends alarm information to the supervision node, and the supervision node sends a switching message to all storage nodes; after receiving the switching message, the alternative node is automatically switched to become a new leader node; the supervision node sends new leader announcement information to all storage nodes; the supervising node then selects a new candidate node according to step B5.
The set constraint condition is a strategy or rule selected by a leader node and an alternative node set by a supervision node; in general, the supervising node selects a storage node with the first constraint ranking as a candidate node from all nodes except the non-leader node. Setting constraints includes, but is not limited to: the qualification grade of the project participation unit, the weighting factor influencing the project safety, the node capability characteristic data and the like. Capability characteristics include CPU speed, memory size or storage space size, etc.
And the server of the engineering participating unit is connected with the material storage, transportation, construction and detection scenes through the sensing equipment, and uploads the detection data to the storage nodes in the block chain in real time. As shown in fig. 5, the project participation unit includes: design units, material suppliers, transportation companies, material storage units, contractors, and inspection units, etc. All engineering participation units such as design units, material suppliers, transport companies, storage units, construction suppliers, detection units and the like are embodied as storage nodes on the block chain; all storage nodes form a storage node set in the cloud platform. And the server of the storage node is the sub-center for storing the actual measurement data of the engineering construction. All engineering participating units upload relevant engineering data information of actual measurement quantities of engineering construction in time through means of Internet of things, Internet and the like, and the relevant engineering data information is stored in servers of respective storage nodes in time.
The monitoring node is connected with an external information source, and when a storage node in the block chain is ready to make a decision, the monitoring node actively calls relevant data of the external information source through an automatic retrieval function and actively pushes the data to the storage node. The external information source includes: bank databases, department of construction databases, social security department databases, industry association databases, and other alliance chains, private chains of the same industry, etc.
As shown in fig. 6, the database of each storage node includes an in-chain data storage unit and an out-chain data storage unit, the in-chain data storage unit is used for storing data information in the block chain, and the out-chain data storage unit is used for receiving and storing external information sent by the supervisory node. The pushed information is stored in an out-of-chain data storage unit, and is shared and synchronized with other nodes as an important part of the data of the node.
The active pushing of external information solves the problem of information isolated island of a block chain, simultaneously awakens a sleeper in a decision-making link, improves the design standard of a design link, the cost performance of a material supply link and the supervision standard of a supervision link through comparison of similar behaviors in the same industry, and breaks the 'bottom line thinking' of each link.
The sensing equipment comprises a control unit, a communication module and a radio frequency transmitting/receiving device; the control unit is connected with the storage nodes on the block chain through the communication module; and the control unit reads the personnel radio frequency tag and the article radio frequency tag information in the engineering scene through the radio frequency transmitting/receiving device so as to monitor the personnel information and/or the article information in the engineering scene in real time.
The sensing device further comprises: the device comprises a signal receiving and processing unit, a signal exciting unit and a sensor; the control unit is connected with the sensor through the signal receiving and processing unit and the signal exciting unit; the sensor is used for monitoring the quality of engineering construction, such as a water sensor and a saturation sensor which are buried in a grouting sleeve when cement is poured. As another example, the sensor includes a hardness sensor, a laser ranging sensor, various ultrasonic detection devices, and the like.
Taking cement pouring as an example, as shown in fig. 7, a grouting fullness detection system can be used to monitor the liquid level height of the grout at any time, and the grouting fullness detection device includes: the device comprises a control unit, a signal receiving and processing unit, a fullness sensor and a water sensor; the fullness sensor is connected with the signal receiving and processing unit and used for detecting the fullness of the slurry; the water logging sensor is connected with the signal receiving and processing unit and is used for detecting the liquid level information of the grout and the time information of grouting completion; the signal receiving and processing unit is connected with at least one sub-center server in the block chain through the control unit and the communication module.
By arranging the water immersion sensor, the liquid level height of the slurry can be monitored at any time in the grouting process, grouting work is finished when the liquid level reaches a set position or the liquid level height does not change any more, and then grouting fullness detection is carried out according to signals transmitted back by the fullness sensor after 5-10 minutes of delay. If the detected plumpness meets the design requirements, the quality of the grouting process is qualified, otherwise, the grouting process is unqualified, and grouting needs to be supplemented. From this, but through internet of things real time monitoring grouting process, detect the thick liquid plumpness in the shortest time, the discovery problem can in time be remedied. And the data of the grouting process is uploaded to a storage node server of the block chain in real time through a communication module.
The plumpness sensor can adopt a vibration sensor and is connected with a lead of the vibration sensor by a signal excitation unit; the vibration sensor generates damping vibration waves after receiving the excitation signals of the signal excitation unit, and transmits the damping vibration waves to the control unit through the signal receiving and processing unit. The water immersion sensor may be in the form of a resistive sensor, a capacitive sensor, or an inductive sensor. The control unit is a singlechip, a DSP or an FPGA. The construction site can be also provided with an alarm which is connected with the control unit, and when finding a component which is not fully grouted, the alarm immediately gives an alarm, namely the site alarm prompts workers to replenish the grouting in time. And the control unit can send a prompt message to the mobile phone through the APP or the computer program at the same time to inform that prompt information needs to be supplemented.
And sensing the operators on site and the input articles including but not limited to various equipment, vehicles, building materials and the like through the radio frequency transmitting/receiving device and the radio frequency tag.
The project detection management method based on the Internet of things and the blockchain technology is characterized in that the blockchain technology is used for innovating the current monitoring mechanism, the sub-center storage technology and the leader node rotation mechanism are used, the possibility of artificially tampering data is avoided, and the authenticity of the monitored data is guaranteed. And by utilizing the technology of the Internet of things, the automatic uploading of the field detection data to the cloud platform and each branch center in the block chain is realized, the human intervention in the field measurement process is reduced, and the objectivity of the detection data is further ensured. Through system innovation and technical innovation, the participation degree of government departments is improved, and the problem that ultimate users are lack of positions in the actual measurement process of building engineering construction is solved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The actual measurement data chaining method for engineering construction is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: servers of a plurality of engineering construction and supervision units are storage nodes on the block chain; the government supervision department server is a supervision node with supervision and storage functions on the block chain; a plurality of storage nodes associated with an engineering project form a federation chain; the monitoring node is connected with the alliance chain;
the supervision node sets an intelligent contract flow engine and a rule engine for the alliance chain; the intelligent contract process engine is used for setting an operation process for related goods and materials or personnel, detection data and reports of the project; the operation flow comprises at least two operation links; the rule engine is used for setting the authority of each operation link operator;
step 2: before the project is started, related materials or personnel, detection data and reports of each project are all configured with an intelligent tag; the intelligent label comprises a public code and a private code;
the public codes are used for identifying all operation links in the operation flow; all nodes in the alliance chain, relevant units outside the alliance chain or government departments can identify relevant materials or personnel, detection data and reports through the public codes, and the storage information of the relevant materials or personnel, the detection data and the reports on the alliance chain is obtained through the public codes;
the private code is set by the supervision node and is used for the storage node to upload data in a certain operation link;
and step 3: the operation flow of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report comprises n operation links Li(ii) a i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the jth operation link of the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report is LijJ is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to n; each operation flow LijAll uniquely correspond to a private code Bij；
J operation link L of i-th related material or personnel, detection data and reportijAfter the completion, the supervision node automatically generates a private code B according to the set coding ruleijAnd is present on the smart tag;
the storage node uploads the ith related material or personnel, detection data and report in the jth operation link LijWhen data is needed, the j-1 operation link L needs to be identified through a private key or by utilizing authorized reading equipmenti(j-1)Private code of (B)i(j-1)After successful authentication, the right to upload data can be obtained, and further the information of the operation link can be addedTransmitting the data to a block chain;
and 4, step 4: the supervising node verifies the quality of the data of j operation links according to the intelligent contract flow engine, and only after the data of j operation links are qualified, the supervising node can generate the private codes B of j operation linksij。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3, the storage node identifies the j-1 st operation link L through a private key or an authorized reading devicei(j-1)Private code of (B)i(j-1)When the intelligent label is used, the supervision node verifies j-1 private codes B stored in the intelligent label one by onei1、Bi2、......、Bi(j-1)Information, and further judging whether the front j-1 operation link of the ith related material or personnel conforms to a preset operation flow; and if the data are matched, the storage node is allowed to upload and record the data of j operation links in a distributed database of the blockchain.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the I1 st operation link L of related materials or personnel, inspection data and reportsi1In the method, the supervision node automatically generates a private code B according to a set coding rulei0And is stored on the intelligent label so as to facilitate the storage node to run in the 1 st operation link Li1And identifying and verifying when uploading data.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the smart tag is a non-replicable tag that can be read by a specific device.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the smart tag is a radio frequency tag or a tag with an IC card.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the engineering construction and supervision unit comprises: design units, material suppliers, transportation companies, storage units, multiple or multiple levels of underwriters, and inspection units.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the project-related materials or personnel include, but are not limited to, materials, vehicles, equipment and personnel related to construction and supervision of each project.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the public code is set by a storage node in a federation chain and then advertised to other storage nodes and government regulatory nodes.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the public code is set by the supervisory node according to encryption rules.
10. Engineering inspection management method with the actual data chaining method for engineering construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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