CN112539411A - Biomass fuel combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass fuel combustor, and mainly relates to the field of combustors. A biomass fuel burner comprises a filter chamber, a pressure chamber, a mixing channel and a combustion chamber, wherein the filter chamber comprises a front chamber, a middle chamber and a rear chamber, a front partition is arranged between the front chamber and the middle chamber, a rear partition is arranged between the middle chamber and the rear chamber, an air inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the front chamber, and a communicating pipe is arranged on one side of the rear chamber; the pressure chamber is including the installation cavity and the hybrid chamber that are the front and back state and connect, the hybrid chamber top sets up the tuber pipe, tuber pipe end-to-end connection air pump, set up first solenoid valve in the installation cavity, set up the second solenoid valve on the tuber pipe, the hybrid chamber end sets up the third solenoid valve. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can solve the problems of deflagration and blockage caused by the mixing of carbon powder in the fuel gas, and simultaneously avoid the tempering phenomenon caused by the change of the fuel gas supply pressure, thereby improving the combustion state of the combustor and prolonging the service life of equipment.

Description

Biomass fuel combustor

Technical Field

The invention mainly relates to the field of burners, in particular to a biomass fuel burner.

Background

The agricultural and forestry wastes are used as raw materials, and are made into various formed (such as massive and granular) clean fuels capable of being directly combusted through processes of crushing, mixing, extruding, drying and the like, and the pigment is the biomass fuel. The biomass fuel is subjected to gas-carbon co-production in the biomass boiler, so that carbon powder and fuel gas can be generated. The gas is conveyed into the combustor through the pipeline and can be ignited by mixing with air to be used as clean energy. When the existing burner is used, the carbon powder mixed in the fuel gas is easy to generate the deflagration phenomenon, and is also easy to block the burner, so that the service life of equipment is shortened. And the gas supply often causes a flashback phenomenon due to supply pressure variation.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a biomass fuel burner which can solve the problems of deflagration and blockage caused by the mixing of carbon powder in fuel gas and avoid the tempering phenomenon caused by the change of fuel gas supply pressure, thereby improving the combustion state of the burner and prolonging the service life of equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a biomass fuel burner comprises a filter chamber, a pressure chamber, a mixing channel and a combustion chamber, wherein the filter chamber comprises a front chamber, a middle chamber and a rear chamber, a front partition is arranged between the front chamber and the middle chamber, a plurality of first channels communicated with the front chamber and the middle chamber are arranged on the front partition, a rear partition is arranged between the middle chamber and the rear chamber, a plurality of second channels communicated with the middle chamber and the rear chamber are arranged on the rear partition, any one of the first channels is not coaxial with any one of the second channels, an air inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the front chamber, and a communicating pipe is arranged on one side of the rear chamber; the pressure chamber is including the installation cavity and the hybrid chamber that are the front and back state and connect, communicating pipe is connected with the installation cavity, the hybrid chamber top sets up the tuber pipe, tuber pipe end-to-end connection air pump, the hybrid chamber is connected with mixing channel, set up first solenoid valve in the installation cavity, set up the second solenoid valve on the tuber pipe, the hybrid chamber end sets up the third solenoid valve, mixing channel is the reducing pipe, mixing channel end is connected with the combustion chamber, set up some firearms in the combustion chamber.

The front partition and the rear partition are detachable.

A plurality of baffles are arranged in the mixing channel, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the baffles.

The biomass fuel burner further comprises a controller, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged in the mixing cavity, and the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve and the pressure sensor are all electrically connected with the controller.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the gas is filtered in a double-partition mode, and the first channel and the second channel are arranged in a non-corresponding mode, so that carbon powder in the gas flow cannot be retained in the front chamber and the middle chamber along with the change of the direction of the gas flow when the gas flow sequentially passes through the barriers of the front partition and the rear partition, the content of the carbon powder in the gas is reduced, the deflagration of the carbon powder during the combustion of the gas is prevented, meanwhile, the accumulation of the carbon powder and ash in a conveying pipeline of a combustor is reduced, and the blockage of the pipeline is avoided.

This device is through the cooperation of first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve, realizes the premixing of gas and air in the mixing chamber, can create a high pressure environment simultaneously in the mixing chamber to take place the tempering phenomenon when preventing the gas combustion.

This device is through increasing mixing passage between mixing chamber and combustion chamber, can be with the air and the gas intensive mixing of mixing intracavity mixture to improve its combustion effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filtering chamber of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the partition arrangement of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the part a of the invention.

Reference numerals shown in the drawings: 1. a filtering chamber; 2. a pressure chamber; 3. a mixing channel; 4. a combustion chamber; 11. a front chamber; 12. a middle chamber; 13. a rear chamber; 14. front partition; 15. a first channel; 16. then cutting off; 17. a second channel; 18. an air inlet pipe; 19. a communicating pipe; 21. a mounting cavity; 22. a mixing chamber; 23. an air duct; 24. an air pump; 25. a first solenoid valve; 26. a second solenoid valve; 27. a third electromagnetic valve; 31. a baffle plate; 41. an igniter.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the biomass fuel burner of the invention comprises a filter chamber 1, a pressure chamber 2, a mixing channel 3 and a combustion chamber 4 which are connected in sequence, when fuel gas is conveyed, the fuel gas is firstly filtered by the filter chamber 1, the fuel gas is premixed with air in the pressure chamber 2, and a high-pressure environment is formed. The gas and air mixed in the pressure chamber 2 are then mixed sufficiently through the mixing passage 3, so that they are ignited in the combustion chamber 4 and sufficiently combusted.

Specifically, the filtering chamber 1 comprises a front chamber 11, a middle chamber 12 and a rear chamber 13, a front partition 14 is detachably mounted between the front chamber 11 and the middle chamber 12, a plurality of first passages 15 communicating the front chamber 11 with the middle chamber 12 are formed in the front partition 14, a rear partition 16 is detachably mounted between the middle chamber 12 and the rear chamber 13, a plurality of second passages 17 communicating the middle chamber 12 with the rear chamber 13 are formed in the rear partition 16, and any one of the first passages 15 is not coaxial with any one of the second passages 17. The detachable front partition 14 and the detachable rear partition 16 can facilitate subsequent cleaning, and prevent excessive accumulation of carbon powder from affecting use. Through the mode of setting up of first passageway 15 and second passageway 17, can make the frequent change circuit of gas when gas separates 16 with back through preceding wall 14 to make the interior powdered carbon that wraps up in the gas block and block the bottom that falls into filter chamber 1, thereby realize the filtration of powdered carbon in the gas, with the powdered carbon content in the reduction gas, prevent that the gas from producing the detonation phenomenon when burning, reduce powdered carbon or ashes simultaneously and pile up in the combustor pipeline and cause the jam.

Further, an air inlet pipe 18 is connected to one side of the front chamber 11, and the air inlet pipe 18 is connected to an air outlet of the biomass fuel gas-carbon co-production furnace to guide the produced fuel gas to the equipment. A communication pipe 19 is connected to the rear chamber 13. The pressure chamber 2 comprises a mounting chamber 21 and a mixing chamber 22 which are connected in a front-back state, and the communicating pipe 19 is connected with the mounting chamber 21. The installation chamber 21 serves as a buffer between the communicating pipe 19 and the mixing chamber 22, and a first solenoid valve 25 is installed therein. The top of the mixing cavity 22 is communicated with an air pipe 23, the tail end of the air pipe 23 is connected with an air pump 24, high-pressure air can be pumped into the mixing cavity 22 through the air pump 24 through the air pipe 23, high pressure is generated in the mixing cavity 22, and meanwhile combustion-supporting air and fuel gas are fully mixed. A second electromagnetic valve 26 is arranged on the air pipe 23, and a third electromagnetic valve 27 is arranged at the tail end of the mixing cavity 22. During normal use, firstly the first electromagnetic valve 25 is opened, the second electromagnetic valve 26 and the third electromagnetic valve 27 are closed, gas is introduced into the mixing cavity 22 through the communicating pipe 19, at the moment, the mixing cavity 22 is filled with the gas and generates smaller pressure, then the first electromagnetic valve 25 is closed, only the second electromagnetic valve 26 is opened, the air pump pumps combustion-supporting air into the mixing cavity 22 and generates high pressure in the mixing cavity 22, then the second electromagnetic valve 26 is closed, the third electromagnetic valve 27 is opened, and the mixed gas in the mixing cavity 22 is rapidly and fully mixed through the mixing channel 3 under the pressure and then enters the combustion chamber to be ignited, so that the mixed gas is fully combusted. And finally, after the first electromagnetic valve 25 is opened for one to two seconds, the third electromagnetic valve 26 is closed, and the gas is continuously introduced into the mixing cavity 22 through the communicating pipe 19 to finish the next mixed combustion process. The action of each electromagnetic valve is controlled by the single chip microcomputer controller, the air discharging operation of opening the third electromagnetic valve 27 can be controlled by set time and can also be controlled by set pressure, so that a pressure sensor can be added in the mixing cavity 22, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor reaches a certain degree, the controller controls the second electromagnetic valve 26 to close, the third electromagnetic valve 27 is opened to discharge air, and when the pressure value in the mixing cavity 22 reaches the lower limit, the first electromagnetic valve 25 is opened, and the third electromagnetic valve 27 is closed.

Specifically, the mixing cavity 22 is connected with the mixing channel 3, the mixing channel 3 is a reducer, and the diameter of the mixing channel 3 is gradually reduced from the mixing cavity 22 to one end of the combustion chamber 4, so that the flowing speed of the airflow can be improved, and the gas can be gradually mixed through the change of the flow speed of the mixed gas, so that the combustion effect of the gas in the combustion chamber is improved. The end of the mixing channel 3 is connected with a combustion chamber 4, and an igniter 41 is arranged in the combustion chamber 4. The igniter 41 is an electric spark igniter, and can ignite the mixed gas entering in batches to ensure the sufficient combustion of the gas.

Furthermore, a plurality of baffles 31 are welded in the mixing channel 3, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the baffles 31. Through the arrangement of the baffle plate 31 and the through holes, the mixed gas can be scattered and reunited for many times, so that the mixed gas is fully mixed, and the combustion effect of the mixed gas is improved.

Claims (4)

1. A biomass fuel combustor, includes filter chamber (1), pressure chamber (2), mixing channel (3) and combustion chamber (4), its characterized in that: the filtering chamber (1) comprises a front chamber (11), a middle chamber (12) and a rear chamber (13), a front partition (14) is arranged between the front chamber (11) and the middle chamber (12), a plurality of first passages (15) for communicating the front chamber (11) with the middle chamber (12) are arranged on the front partition (14), a rear partition (16) is arranged between the middle chamber (12) and the rear chamber (13), a plurality of second passages (17) for communicating the middle chamber (12) with the rear chamber (13) are arranged on the rear partition (16), any one of the first passages (15) is not coaxial with any one of the second passages (17), an air inlet pipe (18) is arranged on one side of the front chamber (11), and a communicating pipe (19) is arranged on one side of the rear chamber (13); pressure chamber (2) are including installation cavity (21) and hybrid chamber (22) that are the front and back state and connect, communicating pipe (19) are connected with installation cavity (21), hybrid chamber (22) top sets up tuber pipe (23), tuber pipe (23) end-to-end connection air pump (24), hybrid chamber (22) are connected with mixing passage (3), set up first solenoid valve (25) in installation cavity (21), set up second solenoid valve (26) on tuber pipe (23), hybrid chamber (22) end sets up third solenoid valve (27), mixing passage (3) are the reducing pipe, mixing passage (3) end is connected with combustion chamber (4), set up some firearm (41) in combustion chamber (4).

2. A biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, wherein: the front partition (14) and the rear partition (16) can be detached.

3. A biomass fuel burner according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of baffles (31) are arranged in the mixing channel (3), and a plurality of through holes are formed in the baffles (31).

4. A biomass fuel burner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that: the mixing device is characterized by further comprising a controller, wherein a pressure sensor is arranged in the mixing cavity (22), and the first electromagnetic valve (25), the second electromagnetic valve (26), the third electromagnetic valve (27) and the pressure sensor are all electrically connected with the controller.

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