CN112538863B - Foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall and design method thereof - Google Patents
Foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112538863B CN112538863B CN202011224769.3A CN202011224769A CN112538863B CN 112538863 B CN112538863 B CN 112538863B CN 202011224769 A CN202011224769 A CN 202011224769A CN 112538863 B CN112538863 B CN 112538863B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/13—Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
- E02D2200/14—Geometrical or physical properties resilient or elastic
- E02D2200/146—Springs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/20—Miscellaneous comprising details of connection between elements
Abstract
The invention discloses a foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall and a design method thereof, aiming at quickly solving the geological disasters of road retaining wall, such as landslide, slump, debris flow, sand slide slope, weathered collapse and the like caused by aging damage or no retaining wall and temperature difference or a large amount of rainfall, and avoiding the damage and blocking problems of roads; collapsible convenient formula type of falling F retaining wall is a novel retaining wall of the collapsible 80 slopes of type of falling F that constitutes through steel sheet and angle steel, and the transportation is convenient, and the installation is simple, can high-efficient prevention calamity, has improved traffic convenience and safety guarantee, when above-mentioned calamity appears, because piling up of deposit, has increased barricade self gravity and has improved the resistance, and then has improved the fender soil effect, has saved economic cost, has practiced thrift the resource.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of retaining wall design, and particularly relates to a foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall and a design method thereof.
Background
In the civil engineering road construction process, the retaining wall is a common supporting mode and is used for preventing a slope body after slope laying or a foundation pit side wall from deforming and destabilizing or collapsing under the action of active soil pressure, and the retaining wall can be divided into a rigid retaining wall, a flexible retaining wall and a temporary support according to different rigidity and displacement modes;
the retaining wall support technical scheme in the prior art is as follows: (1) Most of the prior retaining walls maintain balance by self gravity, such as the most common gravity retaining walls, thin-wall retaining walls and U-shaped retaining walls in China; (2) Solutions for maintaining a balanced retaining wall by tension, such as anchor rod type retaining walls, anchor plate retaining walls, and the like;
the prior art has the following defects: (1) The most common gravity retaining wall is usually limited by bearing capacity when being built on a soft foundation, and meanwhile, the material consumption is large, the material is wasted, and the energy conservation and the environmental protection are not facilitated; (2) The existing retaining wall is large in volume and weight, large in masonry amount, incapable of being folded and transported, and is of a disposable structure, and the retaining wall is covered after being used, so that the flow direction of underground water is influenced, and the environment is influenced; (3) When a disaster occurs, the disaster cannot be controlled and relieved in time, the retaining wall cannot be built quickly, and natural disasters are easy to form.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall and the design method thereof, the retaining effect is improved, the soil retaining amount is improved, the wall body and the slope body are supported by controlling the inclination angle and the stress point of the model, the principle of a mechanical three-steel-sheet structure is met, the structural stability is good, and more soil pressure can be borne; has the characteristics of light dead weight, small volume and more convenient transportation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall comprises a baffle, a retaining wall bottom plate and a retaining wall middle bedplate, wherein the retaining wall bottom plate is arranged at the bottom end of the baffle, and the retaining wall middle bedplate is arranged in the middle of the baffle; and the middle part and the top end of the baffle, the retaining wall bottom plate and the retaining wall middle bedplate are respectively provided with at least one fixed base, a support piece is arranged between the fixed base arranged at the middle part of the baffle and the fixed base arranged on the retaining wall bottom plate, and a pull rod is arranged between the fixed base arranged at the top end of the baffle and the fixed base arranged on the retaining wall middle bedplate.
Preferably, the bedplate in the retaining wall is of a telescopic structure and comprises a lower fixing plate and an upper sliding plate, sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in a panel on the upper side of the lower fixing plate, the sliding grooves are matched with sliding protrusions arranged on a back side panel of the upper sliding plate for use, and blocking stoppers are mounted at the end parts of the sliding grooves; the plugging stopper comprises an outer shell and an internal rotating mechanism, wherein the rotating mechanism comprises a first bearing, a rotating shaft, a second bearing, a plurality of group locking rods and a cam, the first bearing is installed at the upper end part of the outer shell, the second bearing is installed at the lower end part of the outer shell, the rotating shaft is arranged between the first bearing and the second bearing, the locking rods and the cam are pairwise in a group, and the locking rods and the cam are equidistantly arranged on the rotating shaft.
Preferably, two circles of sliding grooves are formed in the side edge of the cam, the sliding grooves are matched and clamped with protrusions arranged at the tail end of the locking rod, and the locking rod is matched with the locking grooves arranged at the end parts of the sliding grooves for use; and the clamping section of the rotating shaft extends out of the second bearing, and the clamping section is matched with the clamping groove at the end part of the rotating handle for use.
Preferably, the supporting piece is a steel rod, and the pull rod is a manual telescopic rod; the pull-connection rod comprises a sleeve rod, a rod core and an adjusting mechanism, the sleeve rod is a hollow rod, and the rod core is sleeved in the sleeve rod through the adjusting mechanism; the adjusting mechanism comprises a turntable, a gear and a connecting rod, the turntable is connected with one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod penetrates through the gear and a bulge at one end of the rod core, and the gear is rotatably arranged at the tail end of the rod core; the side of the inner cavity of the sleeve rod is symmetrically provided with clamping teeth, the clamping teeth are meshed with the gears for use, and the sleeve rod is further provided with a groove penetrating through the side wall of the sleeve pipe for the connecting rod to extend out to be connected with the rotary table.
Preferably, the baffle plate is connected with the retaining wall bottom plate and the retaining wall middle bedplate through the bearing hinges; the side of platen all has welded the angle steel in baffle, barricade bottom plate, the barricade.
Preferably, the length of the retaining wall bottom plate is greater than that of the platen in the retaining wall, the platen in the retaining wall is arranged at 1/2 of the height of the baffle, and the platen in the retaining wall is inclined downwards by 10 degrees.
Preferably, the middle part and the bottom end of the baffle are also provided with drain holes, the drain holes arranged at the bottom part are 20-30cm away from the bottom end of the baffle, the drain holes arranged at the middle part are 20-30cm upwards at the 1/2 position of the baffle, and the diameter of the drain holes is 10-15cm.
Preferably, the included angle (a) between the baffle and the vertical direction is not less than 10 degrees; the equal equidistance on the left and right sides limit of platen is provided with 3 screws in barricade bottom plate and the barricade.
Preferably, the two adjacent folding convenient inverted F-shaped retaining walls are connected through a connecting mechanism, the connecting mechanism comprises a movable steel plate, a connecting frame, an external supporting plate and a connecting middle bedplate, the movable steel plate is slidably mounted on the connecting frame and is connected with the connecting middle bedplate through a plurality of longitudinal telescopic springs, the connecting middle bedplate is arranged in the middle of the connecting frame, a transverse stretching spring is arranged between the connecting middle bedplate and the external supporting plate, connecting bulges are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the connecting frame, a connecting groove is formed between the two connecting bulges at the same side, and the connecting groove is matched with the baffle for use; the two ends of the movable steel plate are provided with clamping protrusions, the inner side of the connecting frame is provided with a clamping groove, and the clamping protrusions are clamped in the clamping groove to slide back and forth.
A design method of a foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall, comprising:
s1. Anti-skid stability design
According to the design principle of the retaining wall, the dead weight of the retaining wall is increased (N') along with the increase of the accumulation, so that the anti-skid stability is also increased, and the calculation formula is shown as the following (1):
in formula (1): FS is the anti-sliding stability safety factor of the retaining wall along the ground surface; n' is the resultant (kN) of the vertical forces perpendicular to the ground plane;
the shear-resistant friction coefficient of the contact surface of the retaining wall and the bedrock is obtained; c is the shear-resistant adhesive force (kPa) of the contact surface of the retaining wall and the bedrock; a is the whole base area of the retaining wall; t is the load (kN) acting on the retaining wall all parallel to the ground plane;
s2. Structural design
Solid geometry: from the inverted F model, assume the dimensional scale OA = OB = BC = CC' = b; BD =3/4b, and angle CBD =80 ° are determined by trigonometric functions:
b 2 ＝a 2 +c 2 -2a×c×cosB (2)
the length of the connecting rod is as follows:
the length of the supporting piece is as follows:
the actual height of the retaining wall is as follows:
OE＝2b×cos10°＝1.97b
the length of the obtained tie-in rod is 1.141b, the length of the supporting piece is 1.285b, and the actual height of the retaining wall is 1.97b.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall and a design method thereof, and compared with the prior art, the invention has the improvement that:
(1) The invention designs a foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall, which is a retaining wall structure aiming at sudden disasters or disaster prevention; if the road sections which are easy to cause disasters such as landslide, slump, rock piles, debris flow, collapse and the like are monitored in advance, the foldable convenient type inverted F-shaped retaining wall can be quickly arranged and installed on the roadside, so that silt or rock is prevented from being accumulated on the road; if obstacles are accumulated on the road surface, the original retaining wall is damaged, and secondary disasters can be caused due to climate change or uneven rainfall, so that in order to prevent the secondary disasters, a foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall is arranged on the road surface in advance to block water and soil of the upcoming natural disasters and prevent the occurrence of the natural disasters in a larger area; when the foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall is used, the gravity center of the retaining wall is in the wall, so that the retaining wall is not easy to push down when being subjected to soil pressure in the wall, the resistance is good, and meanwhile, the gravity of the retaining wall is increased under the dead weight of deposits, so that the design effect of the gravity retaining wall is achieved; when the wall is piled up to the second stage, the middle platform has certain tension, so the retaining effect reaches the design effect of the anchor plate retaining wall;
(2) And this barricade design accords with the mechanics law, can the utilization of resources and materials, promotes ecological environmental protection, can reduce the human labor again, improves safety guarantee and work efficiency, has material saving, uses simple to operate, can shorten the time limit for a project by a wide margin, reduces the human labor, improves safety guarantee and work efficiency's advantage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a foldable convenient type inverted F-shaped retaining wall according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the foldable handy type inverted F retaining wall of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the baffle of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the retaining wall bottom plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a platen in the retaining wall of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the lower fixing plate of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the upper sliding plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the occlusion stop of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an occlusion stop of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a turning handle.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the supporting member of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a front view of the pull rod of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a top view of the drag link of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a front view of a pull rod of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a top view in cross section of a tie rod of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a front view in elevation of a loop bar according to the present invention.
Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view from a front perspective of a core of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a side view of a first support stage of the collapsible handy inverted F-shaped retaining wall of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a side view of the collapsible handy inverted F-shaped retaining wall of the present invention in a second support stage.
Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of the coupling mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 21 is a top view of the coupling mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 22 is a schematic structural view of a foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 23 is a side view of a foldable handy type inverted F retaining wall according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 24 is a schematic structural view of a foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the novel retaining wall comprises a retaining plate, 11 water drainage holes, 2 retaining wall bottom plates, 21 fixed base mounting holes, 22 screw holes, 3 retaining wall middle bedplate, 31 lower fixed plates, 311 sliding grooves, 312 locking grooves, 32 upper sliding plates, 321 sliding protrusions, 33 blocking stoppers, 330 clamping grooves, 331 first bearings, 332 rotating shafts, 333 locking rods, 334 cams, 335 second bearings, 336 protrusions, 337 sliding grooves, 338 clamping sections, 339 rotating handles, 4 bearing hinges, 5 fixed bases, 6 supporting pieces, 7 pull connecting rods, 71 sleeve rods, 711 grooves, 712 clamping teeth, 72 rod cores, 73 rotating discs, 731 gears, 732 connecting rods, 8 angle steels, 9 movable steel plates, 91 connecting frames, 911 clamping grooves, 92 external supporting plates, 93 connecting middle bedplate, 94 longitudinal expansion springs, 95 transverse expansion springs, 96 connecting grooves, 901 clamping protrusions, 10 anti-sliding fasteners.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-21, a foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall comprises a baffle 1, a retaining wall bottom plate 2 and a retaining wall middle bedplate 3, wherein the retaining wall bottom plate 2 is arranged at the bottom end of the baffle 1, and the retaining wall middle bedplate 3 is arranged in the middle of the baffle 1; and be provided with 1 unable adjustment base 5 in the middle part and the top of baffle 1, barricade bottom plate 2 and the barricade on the platen 3 at least, set up and install support piece 6 between unable adjustment base 5 at baffle 1 middle part and the unable adjustment base 5 of setting on barricade bottom plate 2, utilize support piece 6 to provide pulling force, reduce the deformation of baffle 1 lower half after receiving the soil pressure that topples, set up and install tie rod 7 between unable adjustment base 5 on baffle 1 top and the unable adjustment base 5 of setting on platen 3 in the barricade, tie rod 7 provides pulling force, reduce the deformation of baffle 1 first after receiving the soil pressure that topples.
In order to adapt to the soil pressure of different toppling surface pouring soil, the anchoring depth of the bedplate 3 in the retaining wall is increased, and the supporting effect of the retaining wall is enhanced, the bedplate 3 in the retaining wall is designed to be a telescopic structure and comprises a lower fixing plate 31 and an upper sliding plate 32, sliding grooves 311 are symmetrically arranged on the upper side panel of the lower fixing plate 31, the sliding grooves 311 are matched with sliding protrusions 321 arranged on the back side panel of the upper sliding plate 32 for use, namely the sliding protrusions 321 are clamped in the sliding grooves 311 and slide along the sliding grooves 311, and the end parts of the sliding grooves 311 are provided with blocking stoppers 33 for limiting the clamped sliding protrusions 321 and preventing the clamped sliding protrusions from sliding out; the blocking stopper 33 comprises an outer shell and an internal rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism comprises a first bearing 331, a rotating shaft 332, a second bearing 335, a plurality of groups of locking rods 333 and cams 334, the first bearing 331 is installed at the upper end part of the outer shell, the second bearing 335 is installed at the lower end part of the outer shell, the rotating shaft 332 is arranged between the first bearing 331 and the second bearing 335, the locking rods 333 and the cams 334 are grouped in pairs and arranged on the rotating shaft 332 at equal intervals, and the rotating shaft 332 rotates to drive the cams 334 to rotate; two circles of sliding grooves 337 are arranged on the side edge of the cam 334, the sliding grooves 337 are in fit clamping connection with protrusions 336 arranged at the tail end of the locking rod 333, that is, the protrusions 336 are clamped in the sliding grooves 337 and slide in the sliding grooves 337, and when the cam 334 rotates along with the rotating shaft 332, the locking rod 333 is driven by the cam 334 to retract and stretch; the locking rod 333 is matched with a locking groove 312 arranged at the end part of the sliding chute 311 for use, namely when the locking rod 333 extends out, the locking rod is inserted into the locking groove 312 to fix the blocking head 33; and the clamping section 338 of the rotating shaft 332 extends out of the second bearing 335 and the outer shell, and the clamping section 338 is matched with the clamping groove 330 at the end of the rotating handle 339 for use, the rotating handle 339 drives the rotating shaft 332 to rotate, after the lower fixing plate 31 is connected with the upper sliding plate 32, the blocking stopper 33 is installed at the end of the sliding chute 311, and the rotating handle 339 is used for adjusting the extension of the locking rod 333, so that the locking rod is clamped into the locking groove 312, the locking of the end of the sliding chute 311 is realized, the sliding protrusion 321 can be effectively prevented from sliding out of the sliding chute 311, the use effect of the bedplate 3 in the retaining wall is ensured, and when the blocking stopper 33 is used, the locking rod 333 can be adjusted to contract by reversely rotating the rotating handle 339, the blocking stopper 33 is taken down, the dismounting is convenient, and the rotating handle 339 can be dismounted, the use is convenient, and cannot be buried when being overturned by a side slope, and materials are saved.
In order to ensure the strength and flexibility of the strength supporting piece and the pull rod, the supporting piece 6 is a steel rod, the pull rod 7 is a manual telescopic rod, and when the retaining wall is used, the length of the pull rod 7 can be adjusted to adjust the relative displacement between the lower fixing plate 31 and the upper sliding plate 32 so as to adjust the length of the bedplate 3 in the retaining wall, so that the retaining wall is suitable for supporting requirements under different conditions; the pull rod 7 comprises a sleeve rod 71, a rod core 72 and an adjusting mechanism, wherein the sleeve rod 71 is a hollow rod, the rod core 72 is sleeved in the sleeve rod 71 through the adjusting mechanism, and the length of the rod core 72 in the sleeve rod 71 is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism; the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotary disc 73, a gear 731 and a connecting rod 732, the rotary disc 73 is connected with one end of the connecting rod 732, the other end of the connecting rod 732 penetrates through the gear 731 and a bulge at one end of the rod core 72, and the gear 731 is rotatably installed at the tail end of the rod core 72; the side surface of the inner cavity of the sleeve rod 71 is symmetrically provided with a latch 712, the latch 712 is meshed with the gear 731 for use, the relative position of the sleeve rod 71 and the rod core 72 is adjusted through the meshing force generated when the gear 731 rotates, the sleeve rod 71 is also provided with a groove 711 penetrating through the side wall of the sleeve for the connection of the connecting rod 732 with the turntable 73, and meanwhile, when the turntable 73 rotates conveniently, the extending part of the connecting rod 732 can move along the groove 711; when the retaining wall is used, the relative position of the sleeve rod 71 and the rod core 72 is adjusted by rotating the rotary table, and then the relative displacement between the lower fixing plate 31 and the upper sliding plate 32 is adjusted, so that the length of the bedplate 3 in the retaining wall is adjusted, and the retaining wall is suitable for supporting requirements under different conditions, and is simple in structure and convenient to use.
The two adjacent folding convenient inverted F-shaped retaining walls are connected through the connecting mechanism, in order to ensure that the two adjacent folding convenient inverted F-shaped retaining walls are flexibly connected after the connecting mechanism is connected, the situation that after a side slope topples (because the shape of the side slope and the inclination degree of a slope toe are different, the side slope topples in equal amount is avoided), the stress at the connecting position of the retaining walls is uneven, and the supporting effect of the surrounding retaining wall is also influenced after the side slope topples is subjected to large soil pressure is avoided, therefore, the connecting mechanism is designed into a semi-flexible mechanism, namely the connecting mechanism comprises a movable steel plate 9, a connecting frame 91, an external supporting plate 92 and a connecting middle bedplate 93, the movable steel plate 9 is slidably arranged on the connecting frame 91 and is connected with the connecting middle bedplate 93 through a plurality of longitudinal telescopic springs 94, the connecting middle bedplate 93 is arranged in the middle of the connecting frame 91 and plays a supporting role for the longitudinal telescopic springs 94, a transverse tensile spring 95 is arranged between the connecting middle bedplate 93 and the external supporting plate 92, the transverse tensile spring 95 is used for enhancing the tension at the connecting position of the two adjacent folding convenient inverted F-shaped retaining walls, the connecting walls are strengthened by the large force, and the connecting grooves 96, and the connecting baffle 1 is used for forming a symmetrical connection between the connecting baffle 1, and the connecting groove 96, and the connecting baffle 1 are used for matching, and the connecting baffle 1; clamping protrusions 901 are arranged at two ends of the movable steel plate 9, a clamping groove 911 is arranged on the inner side of the connecting frame 91, and the clamping protrusions 901 are clamped in the clamping groove 911 to slide back and forth; when using, utilize the bolt to install coupling mechanism between two adjacent folding convenient formula retaining walls that fall F type, when the retaining wall receives the initiative soil pressure that comes from the outside, initiative soil pressure is at first acted on the movable steel sheet 9, movable steel sheet 9 backward under pressure, make vertical expanding spring 94 compressed, slow down the impact of soil pressure to the retaining wall, protect the retaining wall's barricade effect, and when initiative soil pressure is big very much, horizontal extension spring 95 reports and stretches gradually, slow down the impact effect of soil pressure, simultaneously, utilize horizontal extension spring 95 to resume the pulling force of deformation, can strengthen the tension of two adjacent folding convenient formula retaining wall that fall F type junctions, strengthen its buffering effect after receiving vigorously to strike.
Preferably, in order to reduce the deformation of the baffle 1 and increase the contact area and the deformation resistance of the baffle base plate 2 and the baffle middle bedplate 3 with the inclined earthing soil, angle steel 8 is welded on the baffle 1, the baffle base plate 2 and the baffle middle bedplate 3, the angle steel welded on the baffle 1 is welded on the back of the angle steel 1 and the front of the baffle 1 and is connected with the baffle base plate 2 and the baffle middle bedplate 3, the plate body of the baffle 1 is protected, the angle steel welded on the baffle base plate 2 and the baffle middle bedplate 3 is welded on the left side, the right side and the middle of the baffle base plate body of the baffle base plate and the baffle middle bedplate, and the angle steel welded in the middle can further fix the position of the fixed base 5; the baffle 1 and the retaining wall bottom plate 2 and the retaining wall middle bedplate 3 are connected through the bearing hinge 4, so that the movable connection of the baffle 1 and the retaining wall bottom plate 2 and the retaining wall middle bedplate 3 is realized, and the folding of the device is facilitated.
Preferably, in order to make the inverted F-shaped retaining wall closer to a complete triangle in the process of supporting the wall, the wall is supported by using the stability of the triangle, the length of the retaining wall base 2 is greater than that of the bedplate 3 in the retaining wall, and the bedplate 3 in the retaining wall is installed at 1/2 of the height of the baffle 1.
Preferably, considering that when the inverted F-shaped retaining wall supports a wall body, active water pressure from the wall body exists, in order to reduce the active water pressure, drain holes 11 are further formed in the middle and bottom ends of the retaining plate 1, the bottom drain hole is 20-30cm (preferably 30 cm) away from the bottom end of the retaining plate 1, the middle drain hole is formed 20-30cm (preferably 30 cm) upwards at 1/2 of the retaining plate 1, the diameter of each drain hole 11 is 10-15cm (preferably 10 cm), and meanwhile, in order to ensure that the lightness of the retaining plate 1 is not affected, the design of each drain hole 11 should be designed according to the regulations, and six drain holes are formed in each row in the embodiment;
preferably, in the practical application process, according to different design requirements and the operation requirement of actual engineering, for guaranteeing firm effect, support piece 6 and draw and connect pole 7 can design a plurality ofly, strengthen the stability of type of falling F retaining wall, guarantee its supporting effect.
Preferably, in order to ensure that the gravity center of the retaining wall of the inverted-F retaining wall is always in the wall, the stability of the inverted-F retaining wall is ensured, the inverted-F retaining wall is prevented from being pushed down under the action of active soil pressure, and the included angle a between the baffle plate 1 and the vertical direction is not less than 10 degrees.
Preferably, in order to adjust the angle of the baffle 1 during installation, 3 screw holes 22 are equidistantly formed on the left side and the right side of the retaining wall bottom plate 2 and the retaining wall middle bedplate 3.
Example 2: unlike embodiment 1, since the deposits such as falling rocks, collapse, and crumbs, etc. occurring in disaster areas, usually roll down on the slope, we adjusted the inclination angle of the middle plate 3 of the retaining wall to 10 ° downward so that the deposits can smoothly slide down to the bottom plate, in order not to be deposited on the middle deck, as shown in fig. 22.
Example 3: different from embodiment 2, in order to improve the anti-slip stability of the inverted F-shaped retaining wall according to embodiment 2, anti-slip fasteners 10 are designed, and are installed and welded on both sides of the retaining wall bottom plate 2, and the anti-slip fasteners 10 are 15cm long steel bars forming an included angle of 135 ° with the retaining wall bottom plate 2, thereby effectively improving the anti-slip stability, as shown in fig. 23.
Example 4: a method for designing a foldable handy inverted F-shaped retaining wall (as shown in fig. 24), the method comprising:
s1, a design principle:
(1) The stress characteristics are as follows: according to the structural mechanics theorem and Newton's second theorem, the foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall is subjected to horizontal and transverse forces and vertical soil pressure which is vertical to the ground downwards; as shown in figure 1, the gravity center of the retaining wall is positioned in the wall, so that the retaining wall is not easy to topple when being subjected to soil pressure in the wall, and the resistance is good; the gravity of the retaining wall is increased under the self-weight of the accumulated objects, so that the design effect of the gravity retaining wall is achieved; when the wall is piled up to the second stage, the middle platform has certain tension, so the retaining effect reaches the design effect of the anchor plate retaining wall;
(2) And (3) anti-skid stability: according to the design principle of the retaining wall, the dead weight of the retaining wall is increased (N') along with the increase of the accumulated objects, so that the anti-skid stability is also increased, and the calculation formula is shown as the following formula (1):
in formula (1): FS is a retaining wallThe anti-skid stability safety factor along the surface of the substrate; n' is the resultant (kN) of the vertical forces perpendicular to the ground plane;
the shear-resistant friction coefficient of the contact surface of the retaining wall and the bedrock is obtained; c is the shear-resistant adhesive force (kPa) of the contact surface of the retaining wall and the bedrock; a is the whole base area of the retaining wall; t is the load (kN) acting on the retaining wall all parallel to the ground plane;
s2, structural principle design
(1) The foldable convenient inverted-F retaining wall is simple in structure and strong in structural stability; the novel retaining wall is one of novel retaining walls designed by utilizing a three-steel-sheet principle of structural mechanics and a triangular structure principle, so that the retaining effect and the structural performance of the novel retaining wall are better than those of the traditional gravity retaining wall, and particularly, the novel retaining wall can be folded, thereby providing great convenience in transportation;
(2) The retaining wall is formed by an inverted F-shaped section and two triangular sections, so that the structure is stable; the structure obtains great benefit under the action of soil pressure, and the structure is more and more stable;
(3) The foldable convenient inverted F-shaped retaining wall is placed on a disaster roadside to prevent rock and slurry from being accumulated on the road, when the accumulated objects are accumulated to the first stage, the steel sheets OA at the bottom of the retaining wall are subjected to the soil pressure of the accumulated objects, and meanwhile, the steel sheets OB are subjected to horizontal reasoning and impact force, but can not be pushed to the OB steel sheets under the action of the pulling force of BA; when the accumulation is accumulated to the second stage, the middle platform BD of the retaining wall is subjected to the soil pressure of the accumulation, the dead weight of the retaining wall is increased, meanwhile, the OBC steel sheet is also subjected to transverse horizontal impact force, but the horizontal force is effectively controlled under the action of the tension of the CD rod.
(4) Solid geometry: from the inverse F model, assume the dimensional ratio OA = OB = BC = CC' = b; BD =3/4b, and angle CBD =80 ° are determined by the trigonometric function:
b 2 ＝a 2 +c 2 -2a×c×cosB (2)
the length of the pull-in rod (7) is:
in the same way, the length of the supporting piece (6) is as follows:
the actual height of the retaining wall is as follows:
OE＝2b×cos10°＝1.97b
the length of the pull rod (7) is 1.141b, the length of the support (6) is 1.285b, and the actual height of the retaining wall is 1.97b;
(5) Assume a size ratio OA = OB = BC = CC' =2M; BD =1.5M, and angle CBD =80 DEG is determined by a trigonometric function
b 2 ＝a 2 +c 2 -2a×c×cosB (2)
The length of the tie rod 7 is known as follows:
the length of the support 6 is given by the same:
as the OBC =4m and the actual height of the retaining wall is OE, A can be obtained according to the Pythagorean theorem 2 +B 2 ＝C 2
∠CEO＝90°,∠EOC＝10°,OC＝4m。
OE＝OC×cosEOC＝3.93m (3)
The actual height of the retaining wall is 3.93m, the length of the tie rod 7 is 2.28m, and the length of the supporting member 6 is 2.57m.
S3, design of drainage system
According to the shape of the retaining wall, drainage holes with the diameter of 10cm are dug in the baffle 1, 6 drainage holes are dug 30cm above BB 'and OO' of the baffle respectively according to the flow direction of water, the drainage effect is good when the drainage holes are more, but the strength of the retaining wall is reduced, so that six drainage holes are preset in each retaining wall.
S4, concrete implementation operation process
Firstly, the following steps: manufacture of
A steel plate with the thickness of 10.3mm and a type angle steel with the thickness of 50mm multiplied by 50mm are used as materials in a factory;
(1) Manufacturing a 2m multiplied by 4m baffle plate, welding angle steel on the CC ' OO ' edge, and correspondingly drilling four screw holes on the CBO angle steel and the C ' B ' O ' angle steel respectively in order to connect each retaining wall; two hinges are welded at BB ' position and OO ' position, and BB ' edges
On the G point and CC' side
A hinge is welded at the point F;
(2) Making 2m × 2m bottom plate, welding angle steels on OO ', O' H ', HH' and OH edges, drilling three screw holes with different distances on steel plates for adjusting direction angles AH and H 'A' edges during installation, correspondingly installing two hinges on OO ', and installing AA' edges
A hinge is welded at the point G';
(3) The middle platform of preparation 2 mx 1.5m, BB ', B' K ', KK', edge welding angle steel, for three screw holes of drilling distance difference on adjustable direction angle DK and K 'D' limit steel sheet during installation, two hinges of corresponding installation on BB ', DD' edge
A hinge is welded at the position;
(4) A steel wire rope with the diameter of 6mm is used for manufacturing a stay wire FF' with the diameter of 2.57m, and a hollow steel pipe with the outer diameter of 70mm and the inner diameter of 60mm is used for manufacturing a steel rod with the diameter of 2.28 m; FF 'is then mounted on the F point of the blind and the F' point of the middle stage, and GG 'is mounted on the G point of the blind and the G' point of the bottom plate.
And assembling all the rod pieces and accessories after the manufacture, and folding and packaging.
S5, transportation: in order to facilitate the transportation of the retaining walls, the width of each retaining wall is preset to be 2m, so that the dead weight of the retaining wall can be controlled, the transportation and the carrying are convenient, and the field installation difficulty is reduced;
s6, field installation
(1) Leveling a roadside to be installed; if the road surface is seriously covered, in order to quickly pass through the vehicle, the bidirectional lane is changed into a unidirectional lane, and then the retaining wall is installed; when in supporting, the inclined rods GG' are used for supporting the retaining plate and the middle platform of the retaining wall and fastening screws, and the splicing number and the size scale of the retaining wall can be adjusted according to the disaster range and length;
(2) Adjusting the angle by utilizing the space between the screw holes on the bottom plate according to the bending angle of the highway, and installing and splicing the retaining wall;
(3) When the retaining wall is erected, manual work or a crane can be adopted for erecting according to the weight and the scale of the retaining wall.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, principal features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a collapsible convenient formula retaining wall of type of falling F which characterized in that: the retaining wall comprises a baffle (1), a retaining wall bottom plate (2) and a retaining wall middle bedplate (3), wherein the retaining wall bottom plate (2) is arranged at the bottom end of the baffle (1), and the retaining wall middle bedplate (3) is arranged in the middle of the baffle (1); at least 1 fixed base (5) is respectively arranged on the middle part and the top end of the baffle (1), the retaining wall bottom plate (2) and the retaining wall middle bedplate (3), a support piece (6) is arranged between the fixed base (5) arranged on the middle part of the baffle (1) and the fixed base (5) arranged on the retaining wall bottom plate (2), and a pull rod (7) is arranged between the fixed base (5) arranged on the top end of the baffle (1) and the fixed base (5) arranged on the retaining wall middle bedplate (3);
two adjacent foldable convenient inverted-F retaining walls are connected through a connecting mechanism, the connecting mechanism comprises a movable steel plate (9), a connecting frame (91), an external supporting plate (92) and a connecting middle bedplate (93), the movable steel plate (9) is slidably mounted on the connecting frame (91) and is connected with the connecting middle bedplate (93) through a plurality of longitudinal expansion springs (94), the connecting middle bedplate (93) is arranged in the middle of the connecting frame (91), a transverse tension spring (95) is arranged between the connecting middle bedplate (93) and the external supporting plate (92), connecting bulges are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the connecting frame (91), a connecting groove (96) is formed between the two connecting bulges at the same side, and the connecting groove (96) is matched with the baffle (1) for use; clamping protrusions (901) are arranged at two ends of the movable steel plate (9), a clamping groove (911) is arranged on the inner side of the connecting frame (91), and the clamping protrusions (901) are clamped in the clamping groove (911) to slide back and forth;
the middle bedplate (3) of the retaining wall is of a telescopic structure and comprises a lower fixing plate (31) and an upper sliding plate (32), sliding grooves (311) are symmetrically formed in an upper side panel of the lower fixing plate (31), the sliding grooves (311) are matched with sliding protrusions (321) formed in a back side panel of the upper sliding plate (32) for use, and a blocking stopper (33) is installed at the end part of each sliding groove (311); the blocking stopper (33) comprises an outer shell and an internal rotating mechanism, the rotating mechanism comprises a first bearing (331), a rotating shaft (332), a second bearing (335), a plurality of groups of locking rods (333) and cams (334), the first bearing (331) is installed at the upper end of the outer shell, the second bearing (335) is installed at the lower end of the outer shell, the rotating shaft (332) is arranged between the first bearing (331) and the second bearing (335), the locking rods (333) and the cams (334) are grouped in pairs and are arranged on the rotating shaft (332) at equal intervals;
two circles of sliding grooves (337) are formed in the side edge of the cam (334), the sliding grooves (337) are matched and clamped with protrusions (336) arranged at the tail end of the locking rod (333), and the locking rod (333) is matched and used with locking grooves (312) arranged at the end parts of the sliding grooves (311); the clamping section (338) of the rotating shaft (332) extends out of the second bearing (335), and the clamping section (338) is matched with the clamping groove (330) at the end part of the rotating handle (339) for use;
the supporting piece (6) is a steel rod, and the pull-connecting rod (7) is a manual telescopic rod; the pull rod (7) comprises a sleeve rod (71), a rod core (72) and an adjusting mechanism, the sleeve rod (71) is a hollow rod, and the rod core (72) is sleeved in the sleeve rod (71) through the adjusting mechanism; the adjusting mechanism comprises a rotary disc (73), a gear (731) and a connecting rod (732), the rotary disc (73) is connected with one end of the connecting rod (732), the other end of the connecting rod (732) penetrates through the gear (731) and a bulge at one end of the rod core (72), and the gear (731) is rotatably installed at the tail end of the rod core (72); the side surface of the inner cavity of the sleeve rod (71) is symmetrically provided with a latch (712), the latch (712) is meshed with the gear (731) for use, and the sleeve rod (71) is also provided with a groove (711) penetrating through the side wall of the sleeve for the connecting rod (732) to extend out to be connected with the rotary disc (73).
2. A collapsible handy type reverse F-shaped retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the baffle (1) is connected with the retaining wall bottom plate (2) and the retaining wall middle bedplate (3) through the bearing hinge (4); the side edges of the baffle (1), the retaining wall bottom plate (2) and the retaining wall middle bedplate (3) are all welded with angle steel (8).
3. A collapsible handy type reverse F-shaped retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the retaining wall base plate (2) is greater than that of the retaining wall middle bedplate (3), the retaining wall middle bedplate (3) is arranged at a position 1/2 of the height of the baffle (1), and the retaining wall middle bedplate (3) is inclined downwards by 10 degrees.
4. A collapsible handy type reverse F-shaped retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the middle part and the bottom end of the baffle plate (1) are also provided with drain holes (11), the drain holes (11) arranged at the bottom part are 20-30cm away from the bottom end of the baffle plate (1), the drain holes (11) arranged at the middle part are upwards 20-30cm away from the 1/2 position of the baffle plate (1), and the diameter of the drain holes (11) is 10-15cm.
5. A collapsible handy type reverse F-shaped retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle (a) between the baffle (1) and the vertical direction is not less than 10 degrees; equal equidistance on the left and right sides limit of platen (3) is provided with 3 screw (22) in barricade bottom plate (2) and the barricade.
6. A method of designing a foldable handy inverted-F retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein: the design method comprises the following steps:
s1. Anti-skid stability design
According to the design principle of the retaining wall, the dead weight of the retaining wall is increased along with the increase of the accumulation, so that the anti-skid stability is also increased, and the calculation formula is shown as the formula (6-1):
in the formula (6-1): FS is the anti-sliding stability safety coefficient of the retaining wall along the basement surface; n' is the resultant of vertical forces perpendicular to the base surface;
the shear-resistant friction coefficient of the contact surface of the retaining wall and the bedrock is obtained; c is the shear-resistant adhesive force of the contact surface of the retaining wall and the bedrock; a is the whole base area of the retaining wall; t is the load acting on the retaining wall and all parallel to the ground surface;
s2. Structural design
Solid geometry: from the inverted F model, assume the dimensional scale OA = OB = BC = CC' = b; BD =3/4b, and angle CBD =80 ° are determined by the trigonometric function:
b 2 ＝a 2 +c 2 -2a×c×cosB (6-2)
the length of the pull connecting rod (7) is as follows:
in the same way, the length of the supporting piece (6) is as follows:
the actual height of the retaining wall is as follows:
OE＝2b×cos10°＝1.97b
the length of the pull rod (7) is 1.141b, the length of the support (6) is 1.285b, and the actual height of the retaining wall is 1.97b.
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| CN209277194U (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-08-20 | 王鹏程 | A kind of side slope earth-retaining device |
| CN210031854U (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-02-07 | 吕梁学院 | Side slope protection device |
| CN211472134U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-11 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Bridge shock-absorbing structure with energy consumption reset function |
| CN111794269A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-20 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Prefabricated pin-connected panel cantilever retaining wall |
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| KR101422784B1 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-07-23 | (주)케이에이 | Apparatus for preventing of falling stone |
| CN207194006U (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-04-06 | 建华建材（江苏）有限公司 | A kind of prefabricated concrete retaining wall |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN209277194U (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-08-20 | 王鹏程 | A kind of side slope earth-retaining device |
| CN210031854U (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2020-02-07 | 吕梁学院 | Side slope protection device |
| CN211472134U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-09-11 | 河南省交通规划设计研究院股份有限公司 | Bridge shock-absorbing structure with energy consumption reset function |
| CN111794269A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-20 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Prefabricated pin-connected panel cantilever retaining wall |
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