CN112538581A - 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy - Google Patents
1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy which is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-5.0% of Al, 5.6-6.5% of Mo, 2.5-3.5% of V, 1.5-2.5% of Cr, 1.5-2.5% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the equivalent weight of the molybdenum is 13-16. Compared with the existing high-strength titanium alloy, the high-strength titanium alloy provided by the invention reduces the addition amount of alloy elements Cr and V with higher price, does not add expensive alloy elements such as Zr, Nb and the like, can also enable the high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the invention to reach 1400MPa level, has the elongation after fracture of more than 7.5%, has good strong plastic matching and lower cost than other existing titanium alloys with the same strength, can be widely applied to the fields of aerospace, military industry, civil use and the like, and obviously improves the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy, and particularly relates to 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy.
Background
The titanium alloy is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, military weaponry, civil chemical engineering and the like, particularly the field of aerospace due to the advantages of ultrahigh specific strength, good mechanical property, good corrosion resistance and the like. The titanium alloy can greatly reduce the self weight of the airplane and the aircraft, effectively expand the flight distance of the airplane and further improve the flight efficiency, so that the specific gravity of the titanium alloy on the airplane is increased by generations. However, with the development of aerospace industry, the upgrading and upgrading of military weaponry, and the energy conservation and emission reduction of chemical industry and other industries, higher performance requirements are put forward on titanium alloy. The highest strength that most titanium alloys can reach at present is in the 1300MPa level such as Ti5553, TB10 and the like, and the plasticity is remarkably reduced along with the increase of the strength of the alloy. In addition, the cost of titanium alloys for civilian applications is relatively high, and although the overall performance in certain service environments exceeds that of steel, the cost red line limits further use of titanium alloys. Table 1 shows the high strength titanium alloys of the prior art.
TABLE 1 chemical composition Table of high-strength titanium alloy
As can be seen from Table 1, the high-strength titanium alloy needs to contain V, Cr and Zr with higher cost and higher dosage. Wherein the tensile strength of BT22 and BT23 can only reach 1240MPa and 1150MPa respectively.
Therefore, the development of new generation titanium alloy is directed to improve the strength and reduce the cost. Thereby playing an important role of the titanium alloy in national safety and national life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy aiming at the defects of the prior art. Compared with the existing high-strength titanium alloy, the high-strength titanium alloy reduces the addition amount of alloy elements Cr and V with higher price, does not add expensive alloy elements such as Zr, Nb and the like, and ensures that the tensile strength of the high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the invention is more than 1400MPa and the elongation after fracture is not less than 7.5 percent by controlling the components of the high-strength titanium alloy, has good strong plasticity matching and lower cost than other existing titanium alloys with the same strength.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-5.0% of Al, 5.6-6.5% of Mo, 2.5-3.5% of V, 1.5-2.5% of Cr, 1.5-2.5% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the equivalent weight of molybdenum in the titanium alloy is 13-16.
The 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.6-4.8% of Al, 5.6-5.8% of Mo, 2.9-3.1% of V, 1.5-1.6% of Cr, 1.5-1.6% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities, wherein the equivalent of Mo in the titanium alloy is 13-14.
The 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.7% of Al, 5.6% of Mo, 3% of V, 1.5% of Cr, 1.6% of Fe and the balance of Ti, i.e. inevitable impurities, wherein the equivalent weight of molybdenum in the titanium alloy is 13.4.
Al, Mo, V, Cr and Fe are dissolved into the high-strength titanium alloy in a replacement solid solution mode, lattice distortion of different degrees is generated simultaneously, wherein the atomic radius difference between the Fe element and the Ti element is maximum, so the generated lattice distortion is maximum, the occupation states of different elements in Ti unit cells are regulated and controlled by controlling the content of the elements, multi-atom space symmetric distribution is formed, the critical shearing stress of dislocation slip and the movement resistance in the slip process are generally improved, so the coupling mechanism of multi-element solid solution strengthening is realized at the maximum efficiency, the Al is used as an alpha phase stabilizing element, the alpha phase precipitated by aging can be effectively strengthened, the toughness and the stress corrosion resistance of the high-strength titanium alloy can be reduced by excessive Al, in addition, the Cr element is favorable for improving the toughness of the high-strength titanium alloy, but the Ti is easy to form2Intermetallic compound of CrThe material causes brittleness, so that the content of Al and Cr elements is reduced, and the addition of Mo and V inhibits the possible peritectic reaction or eutectoid reaction after the addition of Fe, Cr and other elements, a brittle intermetallic compound is not easy to form, the loss of plasticity of the high-strength titanium alloy is avoided, and the high-strength titanium alloy is ensured to reach 1400MPa level; the invention controls the molybdenum equivalent to ensure that the high-strength titanium alloy is in the critical interval of metastable beta titanium alloy and stable beta titanium alloy, so that the high-strength titanium alloy has the best performance, the subsequent aging treatment time is reduced, the stability of beta phase is reduced when the molybdenum equivalent is too low, martensite is easily separated out by solution treatment, the plasticity of the high-strength titanium alloy is reduced, the reduction of beta stable elements also means the reduction of the strength of the beta phase, the overhigh stability of the beta phase is caused when the molybdenum equivalent exceeds the critical point, the transformation point of the high-strength titanium alloy is reduced, the separation efficiency of alpha phase is also influenced, the temperature of a processing window is reduced when the high-strength titanium alloy is thermally deformed, the deformation resistance is increased, the subsequent aging treatment time is prolonged, and the material manufacturing cost is invisibly improved.
The 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy is characterized in that the tensile strength of the titanium alloy after heat treatment is larger than 1400MPa, and the elongation after fracture is larger than 7.5%; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the titanium alloy to 30-50 ℃ below the beta transformation point temperature for solid solution treatment, then heating to 500-530 ℃, preserving heat for 4h for aging treatment, and then air cooling to room temperature. The invention keeps a proper amount of primary alpha phase to improve the plasticity of the titanium alloy by controlling the parameters of the solid solution treatment, rapidly separates out a large amount of secondary alpha phases in the high-strength titanium alloy by the aging treatment, obviously improves the strength of the titanium alloy, and ensures that the high-strength titanium alloy reaches the peak value in 4 hours by controlling the time of the aging treatment.
The 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy is characterized in that a FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy is used for providing Cr and Fe during the preparation of the titanium alloy, and the FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy meets the GB/T5683-2008 standard; during the preparation of the titanium alloy, the FeMo55-A intermediate alloy is used for providing Mo and Fe, and the FeMo55-A intermediate alloy meets the GB/T3649-2008 standard. According to the invention, the preparation cost of the high-strength titanium alloy is reduced by using the intermediate alloy with lower price, such as FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy and FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, and the content of impurities is controlled by controlling the FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy and the FeMo55-A intermediate alloy to respectively accord with GB/T5683-.
The preparation process of the 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy comprises the following steps: step one, mixing FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy, Al-85V intermediate alloy and sponge titanium according to design components and pressing into an electrode; step two, carrying out vacuum consumable melting on the electrode obtained in the step one for 2 times to obtain an ingot; step three, cutting off a dead head of the ingot obtained in the step two, and then sequentially carrying out three times of cogging forging at 1100 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 940 ℃; the deformation of each cogging forging is more than 50 percent; step four, rolling the cast ingot subjected to cogging forging in the step three into an alloy bar with the diameter of 16mm at 830 ℃; and step five, heating the alloy bar obtained in the step four to a temperature which is 30-50 ℃ below the beta transformation point temperature for solid solution treatment, then heating to 500-530 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours for aging treatment, and then air cooling to room temperature to obtain the 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. compared with the existing high-strength titanium alloy, the high-strength titanium alloy provided by the invention reduces the addition amount of Cr and V which are high in price, or does not add expensive alloy elements such as Zr, Nb and the like, the tensile strength of the high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the invention is more than 1400MPa, the elongation after fracture is not less than 7.5%, the high-strength titanium alloy has good strong plastic matching and the cost is lower than that of other titanium alloys with the same strength, in addition, in order to reduce the cost of the alloy, the addition of the alloy elements is realized by common intermediate alloys in industrial production, FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy and Al-85V intermediate alloy in the alloy smelting process of the invention, the addition of expensive pure simple substance elements is not needed, and the FeMo55-A and FeCr55C3 intermediate alloys are common additives in steel smelting, compared with the common intermediate alloy price in the smelting of titanium alloys such as Al-60Mo, Ti-32Fe and the like, the price is reduced by more than one time, and the cost of the high-strength titanium alloy is obviously reduced from two aspects of selection and addition of alloy elements.
2. In the high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the invention, the component proportion of alloying elements can realize ideal and uniform occupation of atoms of different elements in a titanium matrix, replacement atoms are in space symmetric distribution in a titanium unit cell, a close-packed hexagonal structure and a body-centered cubic structure, and the minimum atom number in the minimum structural unit cell during phase change of alpha (close-packed hexagonal structure) ↔ beta (body-centered cubic structure) can be realized, so that the phase change efficiency is improved, and finally, the high-strength titanium alloy provided by the invention has excellent mechanical properties.
3. The invention improves the plasticity of the high-strength titanium alloy by solution treatment and aging treatment and reserving a proper amount of primary alpha phase, so that a large amount of secondary alpha phases in the high-strength titanium alloy are quickly separated out, and the strength of the high-strength titanium alloy is obviously improved.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by examples below.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail in examples 1 to 5.
Example 1
The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.7% of Al, 5.6% of Mo, 3% of V, 1.5% of Cr, 1.6% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the molybdenum equivalent in the titanium alloy was 13.4.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy, Al-85V intermediate alloy and sponge titanium according to design components and pressing into an electrode;
step two, carrying out vacuum consumable melting on the electrode obtained in the step one for 2 times to obtain an ingot;
step three, cutting off a dead head of the ingot obtained in the step two, and then sequentially carrying out three times of cogging forging at 1100 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 940 ℃; the deformation of each cogging forging is 60 percent;
step four, rolling the cast ingot subjected to cogging forging in the step three into an alloy bar with the diameter of 16mm at 830 ℃;
and step five, heating the alloy bar obtained in the step four to a temperature below the beta transformation point temperature by 30 ℃ for solution treatment, then heating to 530 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours for aging treatment, and then cooling in air to room temperature to obtain the 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy.
Through detection, the tensile strength of the 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the embodiment is 1523MPa, the yield strength is 1419MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 7.75%.
Example 2
The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 5% of Al, 5.7% of Mo, 2.9% of V, 2% of Cr, 1.7% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the molybdenum equivalent in the titanium alloy was 14.5.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy, Al-85V intermediate alloy and sponge titanium according to design components and pressing into an electrode;
step two, carrying out vacuum consumable melting on the electrode obtained in the step one for 2 times to obtain an ingot;
step three, cutting off a dead head of the ingot obtained in the step two, and then sequentially carrying out three times of cogging forging at 1100 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 940 ℃; the deformation of each cogging forging is 60 percent;
step four, rolling the cast ingot subjected to cogging forging in the step three into an alloy bar with the diameter of 16mm at 830 ℃;
and step five, heating the alloy bar obtained in the step four to 50 ℃ below the beta transformation point temperature for solid solution treatment, then heating to 510 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours for aging treatment, and then air cooling to room temperature to obtain the 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy.
Through detection, the tensile strength of the 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the embodiment is 1435MPa, the yield strength is 1321MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 9.2%.
Example 3
The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4% of Al, 6.5% of Mo, 2.5% of V, 1.6% of Cr, 2.5% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the molybdenum equivalent in the titanium alloy was 15.9.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy, Al-85V intermediate alloy and sponge titanium according to design components and pressing into an electrode;
step two, carrying out vacuum consumable melting on the electrode obtained in the step one for 2 times to obtain an ingot;
step three, cutting off a dead head of the ingot obtained in the step two, and then sequentially carrying out three times of cogging forging at 1100 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 940 ℃; the deformation of each cogging forging is 60 percent;
step four, rolling the cast ingot subjected to cogging forging in the step three into an alloy bar with the diameter of 16mm at 830 ℃;
and step five, heating the alloy bar obtained in the step four to 40 ℃ below the beta transformation point temperature for solid solution treatment, then heating to 530 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours for aging treatment, and then air cooling to room temperature to obtain the 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy.
Through detection, the tensile strength of the 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the embodiment is 1441MPa, the yield strength is 1358MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 8.2%.
Example 4
The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.6% of Al, 5.8% of Mo, 3.5% of V, 2.5% of Cr, 1.5% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the molybdenum equivalent in the titanium alloy was 15.5.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy, Al-85V intermediate alloy and sponge titanium according to design components and pressing into an electrode;
step two, carrying out vacuum consumable melting on the electrode obtained in the step one for 2 times to obtain an ingot;
step three, cutting off a dead head of the ingot obtained in the step two, and then sequentially carrying out three times of cogging forging at 1100 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 940 ℃; the deformation of each cogging forging is 60 percent;
step four, rolling the cast ingot subjected to cogging forging in the step three into an alloy bar with the diameter of 16mm at 830 ℃;
and step five, heating the alloy bar obtained in the step four to 40 ℃ below the beta transformation point temperature for solid solution treatment, then heating to 520 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours for aging treatment, and then air cooling to room temperature to obtain the 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy.
Through detection, the tensile strength of the 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the embodiment is 1451MPa, the yield strength is 1329MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 9.5%.
Example 5
The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy of the embodiment comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.8% of Al, 6.2% of Mo, 3.1% of V, 1.8% of Cr, 2% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the molybdenum equivalent in the titanium alloy was 15.4.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing FeMo55-A intermediate alloy, FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy, Al-85V intermediate alloy and sponge titanium according to design components and pressing into an electrode;
step two, carrying out vacuum consumable melting on the electrode obtained in the step one for 2 times to obtain an ingot;
step three, cutting off a dead head of the ingot obtained in the step two, and then sequentially carrying out three times of cogging forging at 1100 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 940 ℃; the deformation of each cogging forging is 60 percent;
step four, rolling the cast ingot subjected to cogging forging in the step three into an alloy bar with the diameter of 16mm at 830 ℃;
and step five, heating the alloy bar obtained in the step four to a temperature below the beta transformation point temperature by 30 ℃ for solution treatment, then heating to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours for aging treatment, and then cooling in air to room temperature to obtain the 1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy.
Through detection, the tensile strength of the 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy prepared by the embodiment is 1411MPa, the yield strength is 1308MPa, and the elongation after fracture is 7.9%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A1400 MPa-level low-cost high-strength titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-5.0% of Al, 5.6-6.5% of Mo, 2.5-3.5% of V, 1.5-2.5% of Cr, 1.5-2.5% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities; the equivalent weight of molybdenum in the titanium alloy is 13-16.
2. The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy consists of the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.6-4.8% of Al, 5.6-5.8% of Mo, 2.9-3.1% of V, 1.5-1.8% of Cr, 1.5-1.7% of Fe and the balance of Ti, namely inevitable impurities, wherein the equivalent of Mo in the titanium alloy is 13-14.
3. The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy consists of the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.7% of Al, 5.6% of Mo, 3% of V, 1.5% of Cr, 1.6% of Fe and the balance of Ti, i.e. inevitable impurities, wherein the equivalent weight of molybdenum in the titanium alloy is 13.4.
4. A1400 MPa grade low cost high strength titanium alloy according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the tensile strength of the titanium alloy after heat treatment is more than 1400MPa, and the elongation after fracture is more than 7.5%; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the titanium alloy to 30-50 ℃ below the beta transformation point temperature for solid solution treatment, then heating to 500-530 ℃, preserving heat for 4h for aging treatment, and then air cooling to room temperature.
5. The 1400 MPa-grade low-cost high-strength titanium alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy is used for providing Cr and Fe during the preparation of the titanium alloy, and the FeCr55C3 intermediate alloy meets GB/T5683-2008 standard; during the preparation of the titanium alloy, the FeMo55-A intermediate alloy is used for providing Mo and Fe, and the FeMo55-A intermediate alloy meets the GB/T3649-2008 standard.
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| CN113388755A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-14 | 燕山大学 | High-strength-ductility titanium alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113897513A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-07 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | 1200 MPa-level nitric acid corrosion resistant high-strength titanium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114058902A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-18 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | High-hardness titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114058902A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-18 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | High-hardness titanium-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114231792A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-25 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | Low-cost nitric acid corrosion resistant Ti-Zr-Al alloy and preparation method thereof |
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