CN112536237B - Gangue sorting device and raw coal gangue discharging system - Google Patents

Gangue sorting device and raw coal gangue discharging system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112536237B
CN112536237B CN202011207489.1A CN202011207489A CN112536237B CN 112536237 B CN112536237 B CN 112536237B CN 202011207489 A CN202011207489 A CN 202011207489A CN 112536237 B CN112536237 B CN 112536237B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
gangue
mineral aggregate
deflector rod
coal gangue
weighing
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CN202011207489.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112536237A (en
Inventor
王超
李晖
朱金波
冯飞胜
杨科
周伟
朱宏政
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202011207489.1A priority Critical patent/CN112536237B/en
Publication of CN112536237A publication Critical patent/CN112536237A/en
Priority to ZA2021/04234A priority patent/ZA202104234B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3416—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/03—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
    • B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The coal gangue sorting device is characterized by comprising a fourth transmission belt, a fifth transmission belt, a deflector rod and a deflector rod driving mechanism; the fourth transmission belt and the fifth transmission belt are arranged in parallel; the fourth conveying belt is used for conveying mineral aggregate, and the deflector rod is used for pushing the mineral aggregate screened on the fourth conveying belt to the fifth conveying belt; the driving mechanism of the driving lever is used for pushing the driving lever to work through air flow. According to the coal gangue sorting device, high-pressure air flow of the high-pressure nozzle is not directly acted on materials, but acts on the deflector rod, and coal gangue separation is achieved through the deflector rod. According to the invention, the high-pressure nozzle is controlled to jet air through the electromagnetic valve, namely, the action control of the deflector rod is converted into the switch control of the electromagnetic valve, so that the control precision of the deflector rod is improved, and the coal gangue separation precision is improved.

Description

Gangue sorting device and raw coal gangue discharging system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal and gangue sorting equipment, in particular to a coal and gangue sorting device and a raw coal gangue discharging system.
Background
The photoelectric separation device is a common means for separating coal from gangue, and the coal from gangue separation in the photoelectric separation device is carried out by adopting an air flow injection mode, namely, the air flow directly acts on the mineral aggregate to be filtered. However, in the actual working process, uncertainty exists on the constraint of the air flow, so that thrust is dispersed; meanwhile, the difficulty in controlling the air flow force in the coal gangue separation process is high due to the fact that the volumes of the mineral aggregates are different. Therefore, in various photoelectric sorting devices, the method for sorting mineral aggregates by directly acting air flow on the mineral aggregates has low precision and great control difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art that coal gangue is separated through air flow, the invention provides a coal gangue sorting device and a raw coal gangue discharging system.
One of the purposes of the invention is to adopt the following technical scheme:
a coal gangue sorting device comprises a fourth transmission belt, a fifth transmission belt, a deflector rod and a deflector rod driving mechanism;
the fourth transmission belt and the fifth transmission belt are arranged in parallel; the fourth conveying belt is used for conveying mineral aggregate, and the deflector rod is used for pushing the mineral aggregate screened on the fourth conveying belt to the fifth conveying belt; the driving mechanism of the driving lever is used for pushing the driving lever to work through air flow.
The second purpose of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a raw coal gangue removal system, comprising: the coal gangue recognition device and the control module further comprise the coal gangue sorting device; the coal gangue recognition device is used for recognizing mineral aggregates; the control module is respectively connected with the gangue recognition device and each second air supply electromagnetic valve, and controls the second air supply electromagnetic valves corresponding to each deflector rod to work according to the recognition result of the gangue recognition device on the mineral aggregate.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the coal gangue sorting device, high-pressure air flow of the high-pressure nozzle is not directly acted on materials, but acts on the deflector rod, and coal gangue separation is achieved through the deflector rod.
(2) According to the invention, the high-pressure nozzle is controlled to jet air through the electromagnetic valve, namely, the action control of the deflector rod is converted into the switch control of the electromagnetic valve, so that the control precision of the deflector rod is improved, and the coal gangue separation precision is improved.
(3) The invention relates to a modular design for each action link, and different modules can be connected through structures such as a transmission belt, a chute and the like, so that the free arrangement of the system in the process and the space is realized, special requirements are generated for underground tunnels and chambers of coal mines, and the modular design is suitable for the separation process of underground narrow chamber spaces.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a high-precision coal gangue recognition system proposed in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a gangue recognition apparatus according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a gangue recognition device according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 4 is a first weighing cylinder structure used in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a first high-accuracy coal gangue identification system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the system of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a construction diagram of a weighing cell in embodiment 3;
fig. 8 is a diagram showing the structure of the rotary wheel type coal gangue recognition apparatus according to embodiment 3 in a water injection state;
fig. 9 is a diagram showing the structure of the wheel type coal gangue recognition apparatus according to embodiment 3 in a state where the liquid level is measured;
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the structure of the wheel type coal gangue recognition apparatus according to example 3 in a discharging state;
FIG. 11 is a top view of a second high-accuracy coal gangue identification system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a top view of a third high accuracy coal gangue recognition system in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the system of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a top view of the coal gangue separator with first screen bar drive mechanism of example 6;
FIG. 15 is a front view of the coal gangue separator with first screen bar drive mechanism of example 6;
FIG. 16 is a top view of a coal gangue separator with a second screen bar drive mechanism as set forth in example 6;
FIG. 17 is a front view of the device of FIG. 16 in a first implementation;
FIG. 18 is a front view of the device of FIG. 16 in a second implementation;
FIG. 19 is a top view of a coal gangue separator with a third screen bar drive mechanism according to example 6
FIG. 20 is a front view of a coal gangue separator with a third screen bar drive mechanism as described in example 6;
FIG. 21 is a top view of the gangue sorter of example 8;
FIG. 22 is a front view of the gangue sorter of FIG. 21;
FIG. 23 is a top view of the high accuracy coal gangue recognition system of example 8;
FIG. 24 is a front view of the high-accuracy coal gangue recognition system of FIG. 23;
FIG. 25 is a front view of a multi-threaded coal gangue separation system provided in example 10;
fig. 26 is a top view of the system of fig. 25.
The diagram is: 100. a cloth queuing device; 101. feeding into a hopper; 102. a star feeder; 103. a discharge chute; 104. supporting feet; 105. a vibrating motor; 106. classifying screen; 107. sequencing the flow channels; 108. a diversion and material distribution structure; 200. a coal gangue recognition device; 201. a circulation water tank; 202. dewatering screen; 211. a first cylinder; 212. an upper support plate; 213. a lower support plate; 214. a first weighing cylinder; 215. a first liquid level sensor; 216. a first load cell; 217. a first rotating shaft; 218. an axial thrust bearing; 219. a first motor; 2110. a support link; 2111. annular lapping edges; 2112. a first discharge solenoid valve; 2113. a first metering pump; 2114. filtering the interlayer; 20a, a water injection area; 20b, a material adding area; 20c, a volume measurement zone; 20d, a discharging area; 2011. a turbid water chamber; 2012. a clean water chamber; 221. a scale plate; 222. a balance basket; 223. triangular tooling; 224. a second load cell; 225. a second rotating shaft; 226. a support part; 227. a second weighing cylinder; 228. a second metering pump; 229. a second motor; 2210. a second liquid level sensor; 2211. a water supplementing tank; 2013. an overflow trough; 300. a coal gangue tracking unit; 301. a third conveyor belt; 302. a camera; 303. a transfer chute; 4110. cantilever screen bars; 411. a guide section; 412. a gangue collection bin; 413. a clean coal collecting bin; 414. a first support base; 415. a cantilever shaft; 4111. a first high pressure nozzle; 4112. a first air supply pipe; 4113. a first groove; 4114. a first air supply solenoid valve; 4115. a first return spring; 4116. a first push rod; 4121. a first pulley; 4122. a second push rod; 4123. a first extrusion rod; 4124. a first articulation link; 4131. a fixed rod; 4132. a third push rod; 4133. a second extrusion rod; 4134. a second pulley; 4135. a third pulley; 421. separating the bracket; 422. a fourth conveyor belt; 423. a fifth conveyor belt; 424. a deflector rod; 425. a second high pressure nozzle; 426. a second air supply solenoid valve; 427. a second return spring; 428. a second air supply pipe; 429. a baffle; 4210. a second groove; 431. a second conveyor belt; 432. a flow passage partition; 441. a drive chain; 4410. a chain groove; 442. a sixth conveyor belt; 443. a seventh conveyor belt; 444. a second discharge solenoid valve; 445. fixing a rotating roller; 446. tensioning a rotary roller; 51. a first conveyor belt; 1. a base; 2. a wheel; 54. and a second transport mechanism.
Detailed Description
Example 1: high-precision coal gangue recognition system
Referring to fig. 1, this embodiment proposes a high-precision coal gangue recognition system, including: a base 1, a cloth queuing device 100 and a gangue recognition device 200.
The cloth queuing apparatus 100 includes: a hopper 101, a star feeder 102 and a first support foot 104.
The star feeder 102 is mounted on the base 1 by a first support leg 104, and the loading hopper 101 is arranged on the star feeder 102. The top of the feeding hopper 101 is arranged in an open way, and the bottom of the feeding hopper is provided with a monolith outlet and is communicated with a mineral aggregate inlet of the star feeder 102. Thus, the mineral aggregate in the feeding hopper 101 is discharged through the star feeder 102, and intermittent uniform discharge of the mineral aggregate is realized. In particular, the feeding hopper 101 may be configured to have a wide-up and down loading structure, so as to facilitate the ore material to slide down.
In this embodiment, the coal gangue recognition device 200 includes a rotary support frame, a water injection unit, a weighing unit, a liquid level detection device and a processing module. The rotary support frame is rotatably arranged on the base 1, a plurality of loading units are arranged on the rotary support frame, and the loading units are uniformly distributed along the rotation direction of the rotary support frame. Each loading unit comprises at least one container for loading liquid and mineral aggregate.
The rotary track of the rotary support frame is sequentially provided with a water injection area 20a, a material adding area 20b, a volume measuring area 20c and a discharging area 20d, and in the rotation process of the rotary support frame, each loading unit circularly passes through the water injection area 20a, the material adding area 20b, the volume measuring area 20c and the discharging area 20d.
During the rotation of the rotary supporting frame, the loading unit injects a certain volume of clean water into the water injection area 20a through the water injection unit, fills mineral aggregate into the material adding area 20b, and discharges mineral aggregate and clean water in the discharging area 20d. The weighing unit is used for acquiring the weight of the mineral aggregate filled into the loading unit; the liquid level detection means is used to detect a liquid level value in the loading unit located in the volume measuring zone 20 c.
The processing module is used for acquiring the volume of clean water injected by the loading unit in the water injection area 20a, the liquid level value detected by the liquid level detection device and the mineral aggregate weight in the loading unit detected by the weighing unit, calculating the mineral aggregate volume in the loading unit by combining the liquid level value and the clean water volume, and calculating the mineral aggregate density by combining the mineral aggregate volume and the mineral aggregate weight so as to judge whether the mineral aggregate is coal or gangue according to the mineral aggregate density.
Specifically, the processing module calculates the actual proportion B of gangue in the mineral aggregate in the loading unit according to the following formula model 1.
Wherein V is the volume of mineral aggregate, M is the mass of mineral aggregate, X is the volume of clean coal contained in mineral aggregate, Y is the volume of gangue contained in mineral aggregate, ρ is the density of water, ρ mei Density of refined coal ρ gan Is the density of the gangue, m is the water content of the clean coal in the mineral aggregateAnd n is the water content of the gangue in the mineral aggregate.
In this embodiment, the volume of the clean water injected by the loading unit in the water injection area 20a may be obtained by means of liquid level detection, weighing, etc., or the quantitative water injection of the loading unit in the water injection area 20a may be achieved by means of a circulation metering pump, etc. In this embodiment, the containers located in the loading units of the material addition section 20b may be positioned directly below the output of the star feeder 102 so as to directly fill the loading units of the material addition section 20b via the star feeder 102.
In particular, a first transporting mechanism for transporting the mineral aggregate output from the star feeder 102 to the loading unit of the material adding area 20b and filling the container may be provided on the base 1. For example, in this embodiment, the first transport mechanism includes a discharge chute 103 and a first conveyor belt 51. The discharge chute 103 is connected to the output end of the star feeder 102, and a first conveyor belt 51 is provided between the discharge chute 103 and the rotating support frame for transporting the mineral aggregate output from the star feeder 102 through the discharge chute 103 into the loading unit of the material addition zone 20 b. In this embodiment, the discharge chute 103 is further provided with an excitation motor 105, so as to oscillate the discharge chute 103, and avoid blanking blockage. The exciting direction of the exciting motor 105 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the mineral aggregate, so that the mineral aggregate is fully dispersed, and the mineral aggregate sequentially enters the discharging chute 103.
In this embodiment, the first conveyor belt 51 is a partition conveyor belt, so that the mineral aggregate is fed into the loading units one by one. Through the setting to the operation speed of first transmission belt 51, baffle interval, can make the mineral aggregate output speed of first transmission belt 51 and the rotation speed phase-match of rotatory support frame, guarantee that a check mineral aggregate corresponds a loading unit to realize the accurate measurement to the mineral aggregate, avoid the mineral aggregate unrestrained.
In the embodiment, the star feeder 102 may be omitted, so that the feeding hopper 101 directly discharges the mineral aggregate onto the first conveying belt; alternatively, the discharge chute 103 is provided on the charging hopper 101 such that the charging hopper 101 uniformly discharges the mineral aggregate onto the first transfer belt through the discharge chute 103.
In this embodiment, the gangue recognition apparatus 200 further includes a circulation tank 201 and a dewatering screen 202, the circulation tank 201 is disposed on the base 1 and is used for supplying water to the water injection unit, and the dewatering screen 202 is disposed above the circulation tank 201 and below the loading unit on the unloading zone 20 d. So the water injection unit obtains clear water from the circulation water tank 201 and injects the clear water into the loading unit of the water injection area 20a, the loading unit moves to the unloading area 20d to discharge the clear water towards the dewatering screen 202, the dewatering screen 202 separates mineral aggregate from the clear water, and the clear water returns to the circulation water tank 201 through the dewatering screen 202, so that the recycling of the clear water is realized. In this embodiment, the dewatering screen 202 is obliquely arranged, so that the unloading of the mineral aggregate trapped on the dewatering screen 202 is facilitated, and the bearing risk of the dewatering screen 202 is avoided.
In this embodiment, the loading units located on the same circumferential rotation track are denoted as loading queues, and the corresponding star feeder 102 and loading queues are denoted as weighing mechanisms. In a specific implementation, a plurality of weighing mechanisms may be arranged in parallel, and the plurality of weighing mechanisms may be provided with a corresponding charging hopper, circulation tank 201, dewatering screen 202, etc., or may share the charging hopper, circulation tank 201, dewatering screen 202, etc.
In particular, in this embodiment, a classifying screen 106 for screening mineral aggregates with different particle sizes may be disposed in the feeding hopper 101, and a plurality of outlets corresponding to mineral aggregates with different particle sizes are disposed on the feeding hopper 101, and each outlet is correspondingly provided with a star feeder 102 and a coal gangue recognition device. In this way, the mineral aggregates with different particle sizes are screened and separately conveyed through the classifying screen 106, and each star feeder 102 is used for conveying the mineral aggregates discharged from the outlet of the corresponding feeding hopper 101 to the corresponding coal and gangue identification device or the loading queue for coal and gangue identification, so that each coal and gangue identification device is used for identifying the mineral aggregates with the specified particle size registration.
Example 2: gangue recognition device
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, this embodiment shows a configuration of the gangue recognition apparatus in embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the rotary support frame includes a first rotating shaft 217 vertically disposed and a loading support connected to the first rotating shaft 217 and rotated in synchronization with the first rotating shaft 217. Specifically, in this embodiment, a first motor 219 for driving the first rotating shaft 217 to rotate is connected to the first rotating shaft. The bottom end of the first rotating shaft 217 is also provided with an axial thrust bearing 218 to ensure smooth rotation thereof. In this embodiment, the base 1 is further provided with a first cylinder 211, and the top of the first cylinder 211 is open. The first rotary shaft 217 is disposed in the first cylinder 211 by an axial thrust bearing 218, and the loading units are also disposed in the first cylinder 211. Thus, when the material distribution queuing device 100 injects the mineral aggregate into the loading unit of the material adding area 20b, the mineral aggregate which does not fall into the first weighing cylinder 214 can be collected by the first cylinder 211, so that the mineral aggregate is prevented from falling out. In this embodiment, the first motor 219 is connected to the first cylinder 211 by a link or the like and is located on the top of the first shaft 217. The loading unit consists of one or more first weighing drums 214 arranged on a loading rack. Specifically, as shown in the drawings, in this embodiment, each loading unit includes two first weighing cylinders 214 disposed in parallel.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the bottom of each first weighing cylinder 214 is provided with a first discharge solenoid valve 2112, and when the loading unit rotates to the discharge area 20d along with the first rotation shaft 217, the first discharge solenoid valve 2112 on the corresponding first weighing cylinder 214 is opened for discharging. In this embodiment, the first discharge electromagnetic valve 2112 is disposed at the bottom of the first weighing cylinder 214, and the lower end of the first weighing cylinder 214 is provided with a tapered outlet, so as to ensure that the first weighing cylinder 214 is completely discharged when the first discharge electromagnetic valve 2112 is opened.
In this embodiment, the loading stand includes an upper support plate 212 and a lower support plate 213, and the upper support plate 212 and the lower support plate 213 are horizontally sleeved on the first rotating shaft 217. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the upper support plate 212 and the lower support plate 213 are both annular plates and are disposed concentrically with the first rotation shaft 217. And, the upper support plate 212 and the first rotation shaft 217, and the lower support plate 213 and the first rotation shaft 217 are connected by a support link 2110. Support link 2110 extends radially along first shaft 217.
Each of the upper and lower support plates 212 and 213 is provided with a through hole for fixing the first weighing cylinder 214 corresponding to each of the first weighing cylinders 214 in position in the vertical direction. And the diameter of the through hole arranged on the lower supporting disc 213 is slightly larger than the diameter of the weighing cylinder, so that the interaction force between the lower supporting disc 213 and the first weighing cylinder 214 is prevented from influencing the weighing accuracy, and the weighing cylinder is prevented from deflecting. Specifically, in this embodiment, an annular rim 2111 extending outwards is provided at the upper end of the first weighing cylinder 214, and the annular rim 2111 can prevent the first weighing cylinder 214 from falling off, so that the support of the first weighing cylinder 214 by the upper support plate 212 is reinforced and limited.
Referring to fig. 5, in embodiment 1, the weighing unit includes a plurality of first weighing cells 216, the plurality of first weighing cells 216 respectively correspond to the first weighing drums 214, the first weighing cells 216 are all disposed on the upper support plate 212 and located at the periphery of the corresponding first weighing drums 214, and the rims of the first weighing drums 214 abut against the corresponding first weighing cells 216. In particular, the first weighing sensor 216 is an annular axial weighing sensor and is sleeved on the periphery of the corresponding first weighing cylinder 214. The liquid level detecting device comprises two first liquid level sensors 215, wherein the two first liquid level sensors 215 are arranged at the top of the first cylinder 211 and respectively correspond to the water injection area 20a and the volume measuring area 20c, and are respectively used for detecting the clear water volume of the first weighing cylinder 214 after water is injected into the water injection area 20a and the mixing volume of mineral materials and water in the volume measuring area 20 c.
On the basis of the present embodiment, in embodiment 1, the water injection unit includes a first metering pump 2113 and a shower head provided on the base 1 for injecting water into the first weighing cylinder 214 of the water injection area 20 a. The spray header is communicated with the circulating water tank 201 through a first metering pump 2113 so as to realize quantitative water injection to the first weighing cylinder 214.
On the basis of the embodiment, in embodiment 1, a filtering interlayer 2114 is provided in the circulation tank 201, the filtering interlayer 2114 isolates the circulation tank 201 into a turbid water chamber 2011 and a clear water chamber 2012, the dewatering screen 202 is provided above the turbid water chamber 2011, and the clear water chamber 2012 is used for supplying water to the water injection unit. In this way, the turbid water separated by the dewatering screen 202 enters the turbid water chamber 2011, and the water in the turbid water chamber 2011 is supplemented to the clear water chamber 2012 after being filtered by the filtering interlayer, so that the recycling of the clear water is ensured, and the risk of blockage of the water injection unit is avoided.
Example 3: rotating wheel type coal gangue recognition device
This embodiment shows another configuration of the gangue recognition apparatus in embodiment 1.
Referring to fig. 7 to 11, in the present embodiment, the rotating support includes: a second shaft 225. The second rotating shaft 225 is horizontally installed on the base 1, and is connected with a second motor 229 for driving rotation thereof. The second weighing cylinders 227 as the loading unit are provided on the second rotating shaft 225 and are uniformly distributed along the rotation circumferential direction thereof, and the second weighing cylinders 227 are rotated in synchronization with the second rotating shaft 225. The opening direction of the second weighing cylinder 227 is identical to the rotation direction of the second rotating shaft 225, and the second weighing cylinder 227 positioned in the water injection area 20a is positioned in the circulation tank 201. Thus, as the second rotating shaft 225 rotates, when the second weighing cylinder 227 enters the circulation tank 201 and the movement track of the second weighing cylinder 227 is submerged under water, the second weighing cylinder 227 is also water-filled during the rotation along with the second rotating shaft 225.
In this embodiment, since water circulates between the circulation water tank 201 and the second weighing cylinder 227 all the time, and the second weighing cylinder 227 is uniformly distributed on the circumference of the second rotating shaft 225, the water injection volume of the second weighing cylinder 227 can be ensured to be the same every time, so that the quantitative setting of the water injection volume of the second weighing cylinder 227 is realized through the adjustment of the water level in the circulation water tank 201.
In this embodiment, by setting the opening direction of the second weighing cylinder 227, it is possible to achieve that the volume of the second weighing cylinder 227 gradually increases on the material adding region 20b, which is a moving track of a certain length, after the opening of the second weighing cylinder 227 is higher than the water level in the circulation water tank 201. In this way, by setting the rotation speed of the second rotating shaft 225 and the discharge time interval of the rotation speed of the material queuing device 100 relative to the second rotating shaft 225, it is ensured that the material is filled into the second weighing cylinder 227 through the material queuing device 100 after the second weighing cylinder 227 enters the material adding area 20b, so as to ensure that no water overflows after the material is filled into the second weighing cylinder 227.
Specifically, in embodiment 1, the timing of filling the second weighing cylinder 227, that is, the position of the second weighing cylinder 227 on the movement track at the start of filling, can be controlled by setting the length of the discharge chute 103, the speed of the first conveying belt, and the feeding time interval of the star feeder 102. Specifically, in this embodiment, the opening directions of the second weighing cylinders 227 are tangential directions of the rotation locus circles.
In this embodiment, a supporting portion 226 with a four-corner star structure and rotationally symmetrical is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 225, and an outer side plate is disposed on each outer edge of the supporting portion 226. The inclined plane between the outer edge and the inner edge on the supporting part 226 is marked as an edge inclined plane, the edge inclined plane opposite to the outer side plate is marked as an opposite inclined plane, the edge inclined plane between the outer side plate and the corresponding opposite inclined plane is marked as a connecting bottom surface, and the opposite ends of the outer side plate are respectively provided with a first connecting side plate and a second connecting side plate; the outer plate cooperates with the corresponding opposing inclined surface, connecting bottom surface, first connecting side plate and second connecting side plate to form a second weighing cylinder 227. In this embodiment, the outer plate is parallel to the corresponding opposite inclined surface.
Referring to fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the weighing unit includes: a scale plate 221, a scale basket 222, and a second load cell 224. The scale frame is arranged on the base 1, and the scale plate 221 is arranged on the scale frame and is positioned between the cloth queuing device 100 and the second rotating shaft 225. The scale plate 221 is obliquely arranged, the high end of the scale plate faces the cloth queuing device 100, and the bottom end of the scale plate faces the second rotating shaft 225 and corresponds to the opening of the second weighing cylinder 227 positioned in the material adding area 20 b. The mineral aggregate output by the distribution and queuing device 100 slides through the scale plate 221 into a second weighing cylinder 227 located in the material addition zone 20 b. The second load cell 224 is disposed in the scale frame for weighing the scale plate 221 to count the weight of the mineral aggregate passing through the scale plate 221. Specifically, the second load cell 224 may be disposed at the bottom of the scale plate 221, and a straight rod abutting against the second load cell 224 is disposed at the bottom of the scale plate 221, so that the scale plate 221 applies a force to the second load cell.
In particular, a flexible connection, such as an elastic pad, is disposed between the scale plate 221 and the scale frame 222 to ensure the measurement accuracy of the second load cell 224. The lower surface of the balance plate 221 can be further provided with a triangular tool 223, the triangular tool 223 adopts a right-angle structure, the inclined surface of the triangular tool is attached to the balance plate 221, and the surface on the horizontal surface of the triangular tool directly or indirectly abuts against the second weighing sensor 224, so that the accurate measurement of the bearing of the balance plate 221 is ensured.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the second weighing sensor 224 is a cantilever weighing sensor, and the cantilever thereof abuts against the triangular tooling 223 from below.
Referring to fig. 11, in embodiment 1, the processor calculates the weight of the mineral aggregate entering the second weighing cylinder 227 through the scale plate 221 based on the detection value of the second load cell 224.
In the rotary wheel type coal gangue recognition device of the embodiment, a water supplementing tank 2211 and an overflow groove 2013 are further arranged. The circulation tank 201 is provided with an overflow port, and an overflow groove 2013 is connected between the circulation tank 201 and the water replenishing tank 2211 and is used for conveying water overflowed from the circulation tank 201 to the water replenishing tank 2211 for storage. Specifically, a second metering pump 228 for delivering the water in the water replenishing tank 2211 back to the circulation tank 201 is further provided between the water replenishing tank 2211 and the circulation tank 201, so as to realize the recycling of water resources.
Based on the present embodiment, in embodiment 1, the liquid level detecting device employs a second liquid level sensor 2210 mounted on the base 1 through a support structure, which is used for detecting the liquid level in the second weighing cylinder 227 when the outer side plate is vertical, so as to facilitate calculation.
Example 4: gangue sorting system
The system in this embodiment includes a gangue recognition device and a gangue sorting device, where the gangue recognition device may specifically be the gangue recognition device provided in embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, or may be an r-ray gangue recognition device. The gangue sorter is used for respectively conveying the coal and the gangue identified by the gangue identifying device 200 to the designated positions.
In specific implementation, the system in this embodiment may further include a cloth queuing device, that is, a gangue sorting device is added on the basis of embodiment 1, so as to obtain the system in this embodiment.
Example 5: gangue sorting device
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, a specific structure of the gangue sorting apparatus in embodiment 4 is given in this embodiment. This gangue sorting device includes: the second conveyor belt 431 is arranged on the base 1, and the gangue runner and the clean coal runner are arranged on the second conveyor belt 431 in parallel.
Specifically, when the coal gangue recognition device recognizes that the mineral aggregate is clean coal, the mineral aggregate is discharged onto a clean coal runner of the second conveying belt 431; when the gangue recognition device recognizes that the mineral aggregate is gangue, the mineral aggregate is discharged to a gangue runner of the second conveyor belt 431. Along with the movement of the second conveyor belt 431, the cleaned coal on the cleaned coal flow path and the gangue on the gangue flow path are respectively conveyed to the designated positions.
In this embodiment, a flow passage partition 432 may be disposed on the second conveyor belt 431 along the moving direction thereof, so as to isolate the gangue flow passage from the clean coal flow passage.
Specifically, when the coal gangue recognition device shown in embodiment 2 is adopted in embodiment 1, a middle partition plate may be further disposed on the dewatering screen 202, so as to divide the dewatering screen 202 into two sides corresponding to the clean coal runner and the gangue runner respectively; when the processor recognizes that the mineral aggregate in the first weighing cylinder 214 is clean coal, when the first weighing cylinder 214 moves to one side of the dewatering screen 202 corresponding to the clean coal runner, the first discharging electromagnetic valve 2112 is opened for discharging; when the processor recognizes that the mineral aggregate in the first weighing cylinder 214 is gangue, when the first weighing cylinder 214 moves to one side of the dewatering screen 202 corresponding to the gangue flow channel, the first discharging electromagnetic valve 2112 is opened for discharging.
Specifically, when the coal gangue recognition apparatus shown in embodiment 3 is adopted in embodiment 1, a transition mechanism may be further provided between the dewatering screen 202 and the second conveyor belt 431, and in particular, the transition mechanism may be provided as a mechanical arm controlled by a processor of the coal gangue recognition apparatus, so that the mechanical arm is controlled by the processor to move the mineral aggregate to a corresponding clean coal runner or gangue runner after the mineral aggregate is dewatered by the dewatering screen 202 according to the mineral aggregate recognition result. The transition mechanism can also be arranged to be rotatably installed at the high end, the low end is slidably installed and is positioned on a sliding rail between the dewatering screen 202 and the second conveying belt 431, the high end of the sliding rail faces the dewatering screen 202, the low end of the sliding rail faces the conveying belt, and two ends of a movement track of the low end of the sliding rail correspond to the gangue runner and the clean coal runner respectively. When the lower end of the sliding rail slides to one side of the gangue flow channel, mineral aggregate on the dewatering screen 202 enters the gangue flow channel through the sliding rail; when the lower end of the sliding rail slides to one side of the clean coal runner, mineral aggregate on the dewatering screen 202 enters the clean coal runner through the sliding rail. During implementation, a processor in the coal gangue recognition device can control a slide rail driving motor to adjust the position of the lower end of the slide rail, so that the position of the slide rail is adjusted according to the mineral aggregate recognition result, and the mineral aggregate is conveyed in a directional mode.
Example 6: coal gangue separation device
Referring to fig. 14 to 20, the coal gangue separating apparatus provided in this embodiment includes: a first support 414, a cantilever shaft 415, a guide 411, and a plurality of bins.
The cantilever shaft 415 is horizontally installed on the first supporting seat 414, the fixed end of the guide part 411 is connected with the cantilever shaft 415, and the guide part 411 rotates around the cantilever shaft 415; the inlets of the plurality of bins are sequentially distributed on the rotation track of the movable end of the guide 411. Thus, by adjusting the inclination angle of the guide portion 411, the guide portion 411 can be made to correspond to different bin inlets so that mineral aggregate enters the corresponding bin through the guide portion 411. Specifically, in this embodiment, the guiding portion 411 is in an inclined state when corresponding to the inlet of any bin, so that the mineral aggregate on the guiding portion 411 slides into the corresponding bin under the action of gravity.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the guide 411 is composed of a plurality of cantilever bars 4110 rotatably mounted on a cantilever shaft 415 and parallel to each other. Thus, when the mineral aggregate appears on the guiding part 411, the corresponding cantilever screen bars 4110 can be adjusted to rotate according to the position of the mineral aggregate, so that a slideway which is adaptive to the position and the width of the mineral aggregate and is used for conveying the mineral aggregate to the corresponding bin is formed, and redundant energy consumption caused by integral rotation of the guiding part 411 is avoided; meanwhile, by adjusting the cantilever screen bars 4110 corresponding to the mineral aggregate, a plurality of channels corresponding to different bin inlets are formed according to mineral aggregate demands, so that the mineral aggregate collecting efficiency is improved.
Specifically, in this embodiment, each cantilever screen bar 4110 is provided with a corresponding screen bar driving mechanism.
Referring to fig. 14 and 15, in the present embodiment, a first screen bar driving mechanism is provided, including: a first return spring 4115, a first pushrod 4116, and a first high pressure nozzle 4111. The first return springs 4115 are disposed below the corresponding cantilever screen bars 4110, and two ends of the first return springs are respectively connected to the first support base 414 and the corresponding cantilever screen bars 4110. In the natural state of the first return spring 4115, the movable end of the corresponding cantilever screen bar 4110 corresponds to the bin with the inlet at the highest position. The first high pressure nozzle 4111 is disposed on the first support seat 414 and blows air towards the first push rod 4116, and pushes the first push rod 4116 by air pressure, so as to drive the cantilever screen bar 4110 to rotate downwards, and adjust the position correspondence between the movable end of the cantilever screen bar 4110 and the bin, so as to realize discharging to different bins. Specifically, the screen bar driving mechanism further includes a first groove 4113 formed in a side of the first push rod 4116 facing the first high pressure nozzle 4111, and the first high pressure nozzle 4111 blows air toward the first groove 4113. In this embodiment, each of the first high pressure nozzles 4111 is connected to an external air supply device through one first air supply solenoid valve 4114. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the external air supply device supplies air by connecting the first air supply solenoid valves 4114 to the first air supply pipes 4112.
Referring to fig. 16, 17 and 18, in the present embodiment, a second type of screen bar drive mechanism is provided, comprising: the second push rod 4122, the first extrusion rod 4123 and the first chute are disposed on the lower surface of the cantilevered screen bar 4110 and on the plane of rotation of the cantilevered screen bar 4110. The lower end of the first extrusion rod 4123 is hinged to the first supporting seat 414, and the rotation plane of the first extrusion rod 4123 coincides with the rotation plane of the cantilever screen bar 4110. The upper end of the first extrusion rod 4123 is provided with a first pulley 4121, and the first pulley 4121 is embedded in the first sliding groove. In this embodiment, the second push rod 4122 is an electric telescopic rod or a pneumatic telescopic rod, the second push rod 4122 is disposed on the first supporting seat 414, a free end of the second push rod 4122 is provided with a first hinge connecting rod 4124, one end of the first hinge connecting rod 4124 is hinged with the first extrusion rod 4123, and the other end of the first hinge connecting rod 4124 is hinged with the free end of the second push rod 4122, so that the first extrusion rod 4123 is driven to rotate by the expansion and contraction of the second push rod 4122, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the cantilever screen bar 4110. Referring to fig. 18, in the embodiment, a pneumatic expansion rod with an arc shape may be further provided for the second push rod 4122, where one end of the second push rod 4122 is fixedly connected with the first extrusion rod 4123, and the other end of the second push rod 4122 is fixedly connected with the first support seat 414, and the second push rod 4122 is located on a concentric circle of the rotation track of the first extrusion rod 4123, and by controlling the deformation of the second push rod 4122, the second extrusion rod 4133 can be driven to rotate, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the cantilever screen bar 4110.
Referring to fig. 19 and 20, in the present embodiment, a third screen bar driving mechanism is provided, including: the fixed rod 4131, the third push rod 4132, the second pressing rod 4133, and the second sliding groove provided at the lower surface of the cantilever screen bar 4110. The fixing rod 4131 is obliquely arranged on the first supporting seat 414, and a third sliding groove is formed in the fixing rod 4131 and located in the same plane with the second sliding groove. The second pressing rod 4133 is provided at both ends thereof with a second pulley 4134 and a third pulley 4135, respectively, and the second pulley 4134 and the third pulley 4135 are respectively inserted into the second sliding groove and the third sliding groove. The third push rod 4132 adopts a pneumatic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod, the third push rod 4132 is arranged on the first supporting seat 414, the telescopic direction of the third push rod 4132 is parallel to the length direction of the third sliding groove, and the movable end of the third push rod 4132 is connected with the second extrusion rod 4133. In this way, the second extrusion rod 4133 can be driven to slide along the third sliding groove by the extension and retraction of the third push rod 4132, and the inclination angle of the cantilever screen bar 4110 is adjusted.
In this embodiment, the fourth screen bar driving mechanism includes a fourth push rod, where the fourth push rod is a pneumatic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod, the fourth push rod is vertically disposed on the first support seat 414, and the top end of the fourth push rod is hinged to the lower surface of the cantilever screen bar 4110. Thus, by telescoping the fourth push rod, the cantilever screen bar 4110 can be driven to rotate.
In this embodiment, a flat plate may be directly provided as the guide 411, and at this time, the inclination angle of the guide 411 may be manually adjusted, or any of the above-mentioned screen bar driving mechanisms may be applied to the guide 411 to drive the guide to rotate, thereby adjusting the bin inlet corresponding to the guide 411.
When the coal-gangue separating apparatus provided in this embodiment is used as the coal-gangue sorting apparatus in embodiment 4, two bins are provided as the clean coal collecting bin 413 and the gangue collecting bin 412, respectively. Thus, in this embodiment, the intelligent control means may be combined, so that the guiding portion/cantilever screen bar adjusts the inclination angle of the guiding portion/cantilever screen bar according to the recognition result of the gangue recognition device on the mineral aggregate, so as to ensure that the clean coal enters the clean coal collecting bin 413 through the guiding portion/cantilever screen bar, and the gangue enters the gangue collecting bin 412 through the guiding portion/cantilever screen bar.
When the coal-gangue separating device provided in this embodiment is used as the coal-gangue sorting device in embodiment 4, the first supporting seat 414 is installed on the base 1, so as to ensure stable positions between the coal-gangue identifying device and the coal-gangue separating device. In particular, the first support base 414 may be integrally formed with the base 1.
Example 7: gangue separation system
Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 11, in the raw coal gangue removal system set provided in this embodiment, in addition to embodiment 4, the gangue separating apparatus described in embodiment 6 is used as a gangue sorting apparatus, and a third conveyor belt 301 is disposed between the gangue identifying apparatus 200 and the gangue separating apparatus 400, and the third conveyor belt 301 is disposed on the base 1, so as to convey the mineral aggregate dehydrated by the dewatering screen 202 to the guide 411. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first supporting seat 414 is integrally formed with the base 1.
Thus, when the raw coal gangue discharging system in the embodiment works, the mineral aggregate in the feeding hopper 101 is input into the gangue identifying device through the distributing and queuing device 100, and the gangue identifying device calculates the gangue content ratio in the mineral aggregate; the coal gangue recognition device then discharges the recognized mineral aggregate onto the dewatering screen 202, and the mineral aggregate slides along the dewatering screen 202 onto the third conveyor belt 301, and the third conveyor belt 301 moves the mineral aggregate toward the coal gangue separation device, thereby transporting the mineral aggregate onto the guide 411.
The raw coal gangue discharging system in this embodiment further includes a gangue tracking unit 300, where the gangue tracking unit 300 is configured to identify the mineral aggregate on the third conveyor belt 301 and perform tracking positioning. Specifically, in this embodiment, the gangue is identified by the gangue identification device 200, the gangue tracking unit 300 obtains the identification result of the gangue identification device 200, and the gangue tracking unit 300 performs image recording and tracking on the identified clean coal and gangue, so as to accurately identify the composition and position of each mineral aggregate on the third conveyor belt 301, so that when the mineral aggregate enters the guide portion 411, the rotation angle of the corresponding cantilever screen bar 4110 is accurately adjusted, and when the mineral aggregate is clean coal, the mineral aggregate enters the clean coal collection bin 413; where the mineral material is gangue, it enters a gangue collection bin 412.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the gangue tracking unit 300 includes a camera 302 and an image processing module, where the camera 302 is configured to perform image acquisition on the mineral aggregate on the third transmission belt 301, and the image processing module is configured to identify the image acquired by the camera 302 and determine whether the mineral aggregate in the image is clean coal or gangue. Specifically, in this embodiment, the coal gangue tracking unit 300 first obtains the recognition result of the coal gangue recognition device 200 on the mineral aggregate, and the coal gangue tracking unit 300 collects the recognized mineral aggregate image as reference samples, where each reference sample is associated with a recognition result; then, the gangue tracking unit 300 compares the mineral aggregate image collected on the third conveyor belt 301 with the reference sample so as to track and precisely position the mineral aggregate on the third conveyor belt 301, so that the gangue separating device precisely feeds each mineral aggregate into the corresponding bin according to the composition in combination with the mineral aggregate position. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the mineral aggregate enters the corresponding bin, the coal gangue tracking unit 300 deletes the reference sample corresponding to the mineral aggregate, so as to improve the comparison efficiency of the mineral aggregate image and the reference sample, thereby ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the mineral aggregate tracking and positioning.
In particular, the coal gangue recognition device 200 in this embodiment may also use a gamma-ray recognition device, and the gamma-ray recognition device is used for recognizing the mineral aggregate located at the front end of the coal gangue tracking unit 300 along the movement direction of the third conveyor 301.
In specific implementation, a transfer chute 303 may be further disposed between the third conveying belt 301 and the guide portion 411, where the transfer chute 303 is obliquely disposed on the first supporting seat 414, the high end of the transfer chute 303 faces the third conveying belt 301, and the low end of the transfer chute 303 faces the guide portion 411, so that the mineral aggregate slides onto the guide portion 411 through the transfer chute 303 after being separated from the third conveying belt 301, and smooth transportation of the mineral aggregate is ensured.
Example 8: gangue sorting device and raw coal gangue discharging system
Referring to fig. 21 and 22, the coal gangue sorting apparatus provided in this embodiment includes: the second supporting seat, the separating bracket 421, the fourth transmission belt 422, the fifth transmission belt 423 and the deflector rod 424.
The fourth conveying belt 422 and the fifth conveying belt 423 are arranged on the second supporting seat in parallel, the separating bracket 421 is arranged on the second supporting seat, the deflector rod 424 is rotatably arranged on the separating bracket 421 and is positioned above the fourth conveying belt 422, the rotation direction of the deflector rod 424 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the fourth conveying belt 422, and the deflector rod 424 is used for pushing mineral aggregate on the fourth conveying belt 422 to the fifth conveying belt 423.
Thus, by pushing the pulling rod 424, the separation of the mineral aggregate on the fourth conveying belt 422 can be realized, so that different mineral aggregate can be conveyed to different directions through the fourth conveying belt 422 and the fifth conveying belt 423. In this embodiment, a fifth conveying belt 423 is disposed on two opposite sides of the fourth conveying belt 422, so as to facilitate conveying the mineral aggregate pushed out of the fourth conveying belt 422 from any direction by the shifter lever 424 through the fifth conveying belt 423.
In this embodiment, a plurality of levers 424 are provided, and the plurality of levers 424 are distributed along the movement direction of the fourth transmission belt 422. Thus, by pushing the plurality of levers 424, when the fourth conveyor belt 422 is excessively charged with mineral aggregate, accurate separation of the mineral aggregate can be ensured by continuous short-distance pushing of the plurality of levers 424. Similarly, the plurality of levers 424 are also sequentially distributed in the width direction of the fourth transmission belt 422.
In this embodiment, each fifth conveying belt 423 is provided with a corresponding baffle 429, and the baffle 429 is disposed on the second supporting seat and located on a side of the corresponding fifth conveying belt 423 facing away from the fourth conveying belt 422. The baffles 429 are used to prevent mineral material pushed onto the fifth conveyor belt 423 by the deflector rod 424 from falling off the edge of the fifth conveyor belt 423.
The gangue sorting device in this embodiment further includes a driving lever driving mechanism, and each driving lever 424 is provided with a corresponding driving lever driving mechanism. The driving mechanism of the deflector rod comprises: a second return spring 427, a second high pressure nozzle 425, and a second air delivery solenoid valve 426. The two ends of the second return spring 427 are respectively connected with the separating bracket 421 and the corresponding deflector rod 424, the second high-pressure nozzle 425 is arranged on the separating bracket 421, and the second high-pressure nozzle 425 is used for spraying air towards the corresponding deflector rod 424 to drive the deflector rod 424 to rotate. The second high-pressure nozzle 425 is connected to an external air supply device through a corresponding second air supply solenoid valve 426. Thus, by controlling the second air-feeding electromagnetic valve 426 to open, the second high-pressure nozzle 425 can be controlled to operate to jet-drive the deflector rod 424 to push the mineral aggregate on the fourth conveyor belt 422; when the second air supply solenoid valve 426 is closed, the second high pressure nozzle 425 stops operating, and the lever 424 is restored to its original position by the restoring elastic force of the second restoring spring 427. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a second recess 4210 is disposed on a side of the lever 424 facing the second high pressure nozzle 425, and the second high pressure nozzle 425 jets air toward the second recess 4210.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, all the second high-pressure nozzles 425 share the same external air supply device, and the external air supply device is connected to each of the second high-pressure nozzles 425 through the second air supply pipe 428. Each second air feed solenoid valve 426 is located between a corresponding second high-pressure nozzle 425 and a second air feed pipe 428.
When the coal gangue sorting device provided in this embodiment is adopted in embodiment 4 to form a raw coal gangue discharging system, the second supporting seat and the base 1 are integrally formed, the fourth conveying belt 422 is located at one side of the dewatering screen 202 far away from the coal gangue recognition device, and the fourth conveying belt 422 is used for conveying mineral aggregates dewatered by the dewatering screen 202. In specific implementation, the fourth conveying belt 422 can be used as a clean coal conveying belt, and the fifth conveying belt 423 can be used as a gangue conveying belt; the fourth conveyor belt 422 may be used as a gangue conveyor belt, and the fifth conveyor belt 423 may be used as a clean coal conveyor belt. Meanwhile, a clean coal collecting frame and a gangue collecting frame can be arranged on the base 1 corresponding to the clean coal conveying belt and the gangue conveying belt respectively.
In this embodiment, a control module may be provided in combination with an automatic control technology, where the control module is respectively connected to the gangue recognition device and each second air-feeding electromagnetic valve 426, and the control module controls the second air-feeding electromagnetic valve 426 corresponding to each deflector rod 424 to operate according to the recognition result of the gangue recognition device on the mineral aggregate. That is, when the control module obtains a certain position of the mineral aggregate to be removed according to the gangue recognition device, the control module controls the second air supply electromagnetic valve 426 connected to the deflector rod 424 corresponding to the position of the mineral aggregate to be opened, so that the deflector rod 424 pushes the mineral aggregate to the fifth conveying belt 423. Specifically, the control module controls the second air supply electromagnetic valve 426 to be opened for a period of time, and then controls the second air supply electromagnetic valve 426 to be closed, so that the deflector rod 424 is convenient to reset.
In this embodiment, a gangue tracking unit 300 may be further disposed on the base 1, where the gangue tracking unit 300 is located between the dewatering screen 202 and the deflector rod 424, and is configured to track and position the mineral aggregate on the fourth conveying belt 422 according to the identification result of the mineral aggregate by the gangue identification device. Meanwhile, the control module is connected with the gangue tracking unit 300, and controls the second air supply electromagnetic valve 426 corresponding to each deflector rod 424 to work according to the tracking and positioning of the gangue tracking unit 300 on the mineral aggregate.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the gangue tracking unit 300 includes a camera 302 and an image processing module, where the camera 302 is configured to perform image acquisition on the mineral aggregate on the fourth transmission belt 422, and the image processing module is configured to identify the image acquired by the camera 302 and determine whether the mineral aggregate in the image is clean coal or gangue. Specifically, the working principle of the gangue tracking unit 300 will be described with reference to embodiment 7.
In particular, the gangue tracking unit 300 in this embodiment may also use a gamma-ray recognition device.
Examples 1 to 8, in practice, the dewatering screen 202 is composed of an upper guide plate, a screen and a lower guide plate, which are arranged on the same inclined plane and are arranged from top to bottom. The arrangement of the upper guide plate is beneficial to the mineral aggregate to form motion inertia so as to pass through the screen more stably and reduce friction influence. The installation position of the screen corresponds to the circulation water tank 201 or the turbid water chamber 2011. The lower guide plate is used for abutting against a mechanism such as a second conveying belt 431, a sliding rail or a third conveying belt or a fourth conveying belt 422 at the rear end of the dewatering screen 202, so that mineral aggregate is conveyed to the mechanism at the rear end through the lower guide plate after being dewatered by a screen mesh, the clean water discharged by the loading unit is prevented from being lost, and the mechanism at the rear end is prevented from being damaged due to damp.
In the above embodiment, the base 1 is provided to ensure the stability of the relative positions of the different devices, so as to ensure the connection of the working processes of the different devices or units. In the specific implementation, the base 1 can be deleted; wheels 2 can be further arranged on the lower surface of the base 1 to facilitate the movement of the base 1.
Example 9: linear coal gangue separation device and system
Referring to fig. 25, in this embodiment, there is provided a linear gangue separating apparatus, including: a drive chain 441, a sixth conveyor belt 442 and a seventh conveyor belt 443. The transmission chain 441 is movably disposed, and the sixth transmission belt 442 and the seventh transmission belt 443 are juxtaposed below the upper surface of the transmission chain 441.
The transmission chain 441 is provided with a chain groove 4410 for filling mineral aggregate, the bottom of the chain groove 4410 is provided with a second discharging electromagnetic valve 444 for controlling discharging, and the second discharging electromagnetic valve 444 is used for controlling the chain groove 4410 to discharge to the sixth transmission belt 442 or the seventh transmission belt 443 according to the identification result of mineral aggregate in the corresponding chain groove 4410. For example, the sixth conveying belt 442 and the seventh conveying belt 443 are a clean coal conveying belt and a gangue conveying belt, respectively; when the mineral aggregate in a certain chain groove 4410 is clean coal, the second discharging electromagnetic valve 444 corresponding to the chain groove 4410 is opened when the chain groove 4410 moves above the sixth conveying belt 442; when the mineral aggregate in a certain chain groove 4410 is gangue, the second discharge solenoid valve 444 corresponding to the chain groove 4410 is opened when the chain groove 4410 moves above the seventh conveyor 443.
In this embodiment, a plurality of chain grooves 4410 are arrayed on the drive chain 441 to facilitate mineral aggregate transportation. Also, the movement direction of the sixth and seventh transfer belts 442 and 443 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the drive chain 441 to facilitate the coal gangue separation by the movement direction of the sixth and seventh transfer belts 442 and 443 relative to the chain slot 4410.
In this embodiment, the highest plane where the motion track of the transmission chain 441 is located is implemented as a horizontal plane; the bearing surfaces of the sixth conveyor belt 442 and the seventh conveyor belt 443 are below the uppermost plane. Specifically, the present embodiment further includes a tension roller 446 and a fixed roller 445; the tension roller 446 and the fixed roller 445 are rotatably disposed and parallel to each other, the transmission chain 441 is disposed on the tension roller 446 and the fixed roller 445, and the fixed roller 445 is provided with four and rectangular distribution.
Referring to fig. 25, in this embodiment, there is also provided a linear coal gangue separation system, including a coal gangue recognition apparatus 200 and a linear coal gangue separation apparatus in this embodiment. The gangue recognition device 200 is used for recognizing mineral aggregates, and the sixth conveying belt 442 and the seventh conveying belt 443 are respectively used for conveying clean coal and gangue; the chain groove 4410 is used for filling the mineral aggregate identified by the coal gangue identification device 200.
The linear gangue separating system further comprises a second transporting mechanism 54, wherein the second transporting mechanism 54 is used for transporting the mineral aggregate output by the gangue identifying device into the chain groove 4410 of the highest moving track plane of the transmission chain 441.
In this embodiment, the gangue recognition device may be the gangue recognition device provided in embodiment 2, the wheel type gangue recognition device provided in embodiment 3, or the photoelectric separation device.
Example 10: multithread coal gangue separation system
Referring to fig. 25 and 26, the present embodiment provides a multi-thread coal gangue separation system, which includes a cloth queuing device 100, a coal gangue recognition device 200, and a coal gangue separation device; the cloth queuing device 100 is used for respectively conveying mineral aggregate to the corresponding coal gangue recognition device 200 for recognition according to the granularity level; the coal-gangue separation device is used for transmitting the mineral aggregate output by each coal-gangue recognition device 200 according to the recognition result.
The coal gangue separation device in this embodiment adopts a linear coal gangue separation device provided in embodiment 9. The coal gangue recognition apparatus 200 in this embodiment adopts the coal gangue recognition apparatus provided in embodiment 2, the wheel type coal gangue recognition apparatus provided in embodiment 3, or the photoelectric sorting apparatus.
In this embodiment, the cloth queuing apparatus 100 includes: a classifying screen 106 and a discharge chute 103. The classifying screen 106 is composed of a plurality of screens with different apertures, and the number of the screens is equal to that of the gangue recognition devices; the discharge chute 103 is used for conveying the mineral aggregate sieved out by each screen to the corresponding coal gangue recognition apparatus 200. Therefore, the mineral aggregate with the corresponding granularity is identified through different coal gangue identification devices, and the identification precision is further improved. In the embodiment, a sequencing runner 107 is arranged on the discharging chute 103, a diversion and material separation structure 108 is arranged at the inlet of the sequencing runner 107, and the outlet of the sequencing runner 107 faces the corresponding coal gangue recognition device; the diversion and distribution structure 108 is a horn mouth structure with a narrow end connected with the sequencing flow channel 107. In this way, through the drainage of the diversion and distribution structure 108, the mineral aggregate is ensured to orderly enter the sequencing runner 107, so that the mineral aggregate orderly enters the coal gangue recognition device, and the mineral aggregate is prevented from being blocked on the discharge chute 103.
Referring to embodiment 1, in this embodiment, an excitation motor 105 may be disposed on the lower surface of the discharge chute 103, where the excitation speed of the excitation motor 105 is set to be slower, so as to ensure that the mineral aggregate is fully dispersed, and the mineral aggregate can be sequentially queued to the side of the sequencing flow channel 107 while jumping on the surface of the mineral aggregate slot, so as to avoid overlapping of the small-particle-size materials.
In specific implementation, a plurality of discharging chute 103 corresponding to each gangue identification device one by one can be arranged in the material distribution queuing device 100, and one or a plurality of sorting channels for transporting mineral aggregate to the same gangue identification device can be arranged on each discharging chute 103. In a specific implementation, the material distributing and queuing device 100 may be provided with only one material distributing chute 103, and the material distributing chute 103 is provided with sorting channels 107 corresponding to the coal gangue identification devices one by one, so that the mineral aggregate is transported to the corresponding coal gangue identification devices 200 through each sorting channel 107. In this embodiment, it is required to ensure that the mineral aggregates of each particle size grade output from the classifying screen 106 enter the corresponding diversion and distribution structure 108.
In particular, the classifying screen 106 may be disposed in the feeding hopper 101, and the feeding hopper 101 may be provided with outlets corresponding to screens with different apertures, through which the mineral aggregate with corresponding particle size registration is conveyed to the corresponding discharge chute 103 or the diversion and distribution structure 108. In this embodiment, the plurality of screens in the classifying screen 106 are distributed from top to bottom in order of pore size from large to small. Referring specifically to fig. 25, the present sizing screen 106 employs a multi-layered vibratory sizing screen with the number of layers being set according to queuing and separation requirements and roadway space size. In this example, 4 layers of classifying screen 106 may be provided for 25-300mm mineral aggregate, each layer having a partition particle size of [25-50mm ], [50-100mm ], [100-200mm ], and [200-300mm ], respectively.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a coal gangue tracking unit and a control module; the gangue tracking unit is used for tracking and positioning the mineral materials in the chain groove according to the identification result of the gangue identification device, and the control module controls the second discharging electromagnetic valves 444 to work according to the tracking result of the gangue tracking unit so as to ensure that the clean coal and the gangue in the chain groove 4410 are accurately discharged onto the sixth conveying belt 442 and the seventh conveying belt.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a second transporting mechanism 54, where the second transporting mechanism 54 is configured to transport the mineral aggregate output by each coal gangue identifying apparatus into a corresponding chain slot 4410; the second conveying mechanism consists of a plurality of star feeders which are arranged in parallel, the plurality of star feeders respectively correspond to the plurality of coal gangue recognition devices, and the rotating shafts of the plurality of star feeders are collinear and share a driving motor. Thus, the number of the star feeders is equal to the number of the gangue identification devices and the number of the chain slot arrays in the direction perpendicular to the transmission chain 441, and the ore materials output by the gangue identification devices are accurately conveyed to the corresponding line numbers of the chain slot arrays through the star feeders.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The raw coal gangue discharging system is characterized by comprising a gangue sorting device; the gangue sorting device comprises a fourth transmission belt (422), a fifth transmission belt (423), a deflector rod (424) and a deflector rod driving mechanism;
the fourth transmission belt (422) and the fifth transmission belt (423) are arranged in parallel; the fourth conveying belt (422) is used for conveying mineral aggregate, and the deflector rod (424) is used for pushing the mineral aggregate screened on the fourth conveying belt (422) onto the fifth conveying belt (423); the deflector rod driving mechanism is used for pushing the deflector rod (424) to work through air flow;
the driving mechanism of the deflector rod comprises: a second return spring (427), a second high-pressure nozzle (425), and a second air-feeding solenoid valve (426); the two ends of the second reset spring (427) are respectively connected with the separation bracket (421) and the corresponding deflector rod (424), the second high-pressure nozzle (425) is arranged on the separation bracket (421), and the second high-pressure nozzle (425) is used for spraying air towards the corresponding deflector rod (424) to drive the deflector rod (424) to rotate; the second high-pressure nozzle (425) is connected with an external air supply device through a corresponding second air supply electromagnetic valve (426);
the raw coal gangue discharging system further comprises a coal gangue recognition device (200) and a control module, wherein the coal gangue recognition device (200) is used for recognizing mineral aggregates; the control module is respectively connected with the coal gangue recognition device (200) and each second air supply electromagnetic valve (426), and controls the second air supply electromagnetic valves (426) corresponding to each deflector rod (424) to work according to the recognition result of the coal gangue recognition device (200) on the mineral aggregate;
The coal gangue identification device (200) comprises a rotary support frame, a water injection unit, a weighing unit, a liquid level detection device and a processing module;
the rotary support frame is rotatably arranged, and a loading unit for loading mineral aggregate is arranged on the rotary support frame; in the rotating process of the rotary supporting frame, the loading unit circularly passes through a water injection area (20 a), a material adding area (20 b), a volume measuring area (20 c) and a discharging area (20 d) which are sequentially arranged on the rotating track of the rotary supporting frame; the water injection unit is used for injecting water into the loading unit of the water injection area (20 a);
the material distribution queuing device (100) is used for filling mineral aggregate into the loading unit of the material adding area (20 b), the weighing unit is used for acquiring the weight of the mineral aggregate filled in the loading unit, and the liquid level detection device is used for measuring the liquid level in the loading unit on the volume measuring area (20 c);
the processing module is used for calculating the volume of the mineral aggregate filled in the loading unit according to the measurement result of the liquid level detection device, identifying the mineral aggregate by combining the volume and the weight of the mineral aggregate obtained by the weighing unit, and controlling the loading unit to unload in the unloading area (20 d) according to the identification result; the control module is connected with the processing module and used for acquiring the identification result;
The coal gangue recognition device (200) further comprises a circulating water tank (201), the rotary support frame is used for driving the loading unit to rotate on a vertical plane, and the loading unit positioned in the water injection area (20 a) is filled with water from the circulating water tank (201) when rotating along with the rotary support frame;
the rotary support frame comprises a second rotating shaft (225) which is horizontally arranged and a supporting part (226) which is arranged on the second rotating shaft (225), the supporting part (226) is of a quadrangle star structure, and the supporting part (226) is rotationally symmetrical based on the central line of the second rotating shaft (225); the inclined plane between the outer edge and the inner edge on the supporting part (226) is marked as an edge inclined plane, the edge inclined plane opposite to the outer side plate is marked as an opposite inclined plane, the edge inclined plane between the outer side plate and the corresponding opposite inclined plane is marked as a connecting bottom surface, and the opposite ends of the outer side plate are respectively provided with a first connecting side plate and a second connecting side plate; the outer side plate is matched with the corresponding opposite inclined surface, the connecting bottom surface, the first connecting side plate and the second connecting side plate to form a second weighing cylinder (227) serving as a loading unit; the plurality of second weighing cylinders (227) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second rotating shaft (225);
the weighing unit includes: a scale plate (221), a scale basket (222) and a second weighing sensor (224); the scale plate (221) is obliquely arranged on the scale basket (222), and the lower end of the scale plate (221) faces the second rotating shaft (225) and corresponds to the opening of the second weighing cylinder (227) positioned on the material adding area (20 b); the scale plate (221) is used for receiving mineral aggregate output by an external device and guiding the mineral aggregate into a second weighing cylinder (227) positioned in the material adding area (20 b); the second weighing sensor (224) is arranged in the balance basket (222), and the second weighing sensor (224) is used for weighing the balance plate (221).
2. The raw coal gangue removal system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gangue sorting apparatus comprises two fifth transfer belts (423), the two fifth transfer belts (423) being disposed on opposite sides of the fourth transfer belt (422).
3. Raw coal gangue system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that each fifth conveyor belt (423) is provided with a baffle (429), the baffle (429) being located on the side of the corresponding fifth conveyor belt (423) facing away from the fourth conveyor belt (422).
4. The raw coal gangue removal system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gangue sorting apparatus further comprises a separation bracket (421); the deflector rod (424) is rotatably arranged on the separation bracket (421) and is positioned above the fourth transmission belt (422), and the rotation direction of the deflector rod (424) is perpendicular to the movement direction of the fourth transmission belt (422).
5. The raw coal gangue removal system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the gangue sorting apparatus comprises a plurality of levers (424), and the plurality of levers (424) are sequentially distributed along the movement direction of the fourth conveyor belt (422).
6. The raw coal gangue removal system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a gangue tracking unit (300), wherein the gangue tracking unit (300) is located between the dewatering screen (202) and the deflector rod (424) and is used for tracking and positioning the mineral aggregate on the fourth conveyor belt (422) according to the identification result of the mineral aggregate by the gangue identification device (200); the control module is also connected with the gangue tracking unit (300), and controls the second air supply electromagnetic valve (426) corresponding to each deflector rod (424) to work according to the tracking and positioning of the gangue tracking unit (300) on the mineral aggregate.
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