CN112535023A

CN112535023A - Novel dustless rice thresher

Info

Publication number: CN112535023A
Application number: CN202011392392.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶涛; 李嘉程; 崔悦
Original assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Current assignee: Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Priority date: 2020-12-02
Filing date: 2020-12-02
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-02
Also published as: CN112535023B

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel dust-free rice thresher, which comprises a feeding module, a threshing module and a winnowing module, wherein the feeding module comprises a feeding shell and a transmission motor, the transmission motor drives the feeding shell to rotate at a low speed through a speed reducing mechanism, a plurality of feeding ports are uniformly distributed on the feeding shell, each feeding port is provided with a clamping component for clamping rice platycodon grandiflorum, the threshing module comprises a beating roller and a hopper, the beating roller is arranged in the feeding shell and is driven to rotate at a high speed through the transmission motor, the beating roller is provided with a plurality of beating parts which are uniformly distributed, the hopper is arranged below the feeding shell, the hopper is of a hollow cavity structure, the winnowing module is arranged in the hopper and comprises a fan, a dust collecting box, a dust guide channel and a discharge channel, the fan is arranged on one side of the hopper, the dust collecting box and the dust guide channel are arranged, improve the efficiency of manual threshing, reduce the intensity of labour, reduce the dust and produce.

Description

Novel dustless rice thresher

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a novel dust-free rice thresher.

Background

In southern areas of China (and other rice growing areas), rice is mainly used as a main grain crop. However, most of farmers' lands in China are dispersed based on the basic national conditions of China, and many paddy fields (such as southwest regions) are distributed in hilly lands, plateau mountain areas, basins and other areas which are not suitable for large-scale agricultural machinery to work, so that the paddy rice harvesting in the areas can not be finished by large-scale combine harvesters. After a farmer harvests through manual or small mechanical harvests, a small rice thresher is often required to separate the grains from the stalks.

When the existing rice thresher is used for threshing rice, a large amount of dust or crushed slag is generated when the threshing roller rolls straws, and the dust or the crushed slag splashes or escapes from an exhaust port of the grass crushing groove under the action of wind power. Because the dust and the slag are easy to splash or escape under the action of wind power, the dust diffused into the air can not only influence the sight of people and obstruct the breathing of people, but also reduce the threshing efficiency of the rice; but also further harms health after the dust is inhaled into the respiratory system.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel dust-free rice threshing machine which is used for threshing rice in a rice harvesting season, so that the manual threshing efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the generation of dust is reduced.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a novel dust-free rice thresher comprises a feeding module, a threshing module and a winnowing module;

the feeding module comprises a feeding shell and a transmission motor, the transmission motor drives the feeding shell to rotate at a low speed through a speed reducing mechanism, a plurality of feeding ports are uniformly distributed on the feeding shell, and each feeding port is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping rice and platycodon grandiflorum;

the threshing module comprises a beating roller and a hopper, the beating roller is arranged in the feeding shell and is driven by the transmission motor to rotate at a high speed, a plurality of beating parts which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the beating roller, the hopper is arranged below the feeding shell, and the hopper is of a hollow cavity structure;

the winnowing module is established in the hopper, the winnowing module includes fan, dust collection box, leads dirt passageway and discharging channel, the fan is established hopper one side and be equipped with stretch to the inside air outlet of hopper, the dust collection box is established the hopper opposite side and with the fan position is relative, it establishes to lead the dirt passageway the dust collection box, discharging channel establishes the hopper bottom.

Further, novel dustless rice thresher still includes accuse dirt module, accuse dirt module includes air curtain passageway and wind-guiding passageway, the air curtain passageway is established in the dust collecting box, the air curtain passageway is established lead dirt passageway top and with lead dirt passageway intercommunication, wind-guiding passageway one end with the air outlet intercommunication, the other end with the air curtain passageway intercommunication.

Furthermore, the air guide channels are of arc-shaped tubular structures, and the two air guide channels are symmetrically arranged in the hopper and are tightly attached to the inner wall of the hopper.

Further, the clamping assembly comprises a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, the first clamping plate is fixed to the top of the feeding opening, and the second clamping plate is arranged at the bottom of the feeding opening and driven to move up and down through a driving piece.

Further, the driving piece comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a rotating shaft and a fixed shell, the second sleeve is fixed on the second clamping plate, the first sleeve is fixed on the feeding shell and arranged below the first sleeve, the top end of the rotating shaft is a lead screw, the first sleeve is arranged on the top end of the rotating shaft through a lead screw nut sleeve, the middle part of the rotating shaft is an optical axis and penetrates through the second sleeve, the bottom of the rotating shaft is provided with a feeding gear, the fixed shell is arranged at the bottom of the feeding shell and mounted at the top of the hopper, a rack assembly is arranged on the fixed shell and drives the feeding gear to intermittently and repeatedly rotate.

Further, the rack assembly comprises a first rack and a second rack, the feeding gear is a helical gear, the first rack and the second rack are helical racks which can be meshed with the feeding gear, and the first rack and the second rack are oppositely arranged and staggered for a certain distance.

Furthermore, the transmission motor is connected with a speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with a transmission shaft, the middle part of the transmission shaft is connected with the feeding shell through the speed reducing mechanism, and the bottom of the transmission shaft is fixed with the striking roller.

Furthermore, the speed reducing mechanism comprises a primary speed reducing gear and an annular rack, the annular rack is mounted on the feeding shell, the primary speed reducing gear is mounted in the middle of the transmission shaft, a secondary speed reducing gear is mounted between the annular rack and the primary speed reducing gear, the plurality of secondary speed reducing gears are annularly distributed on the outer side of the primary speed reducing gear, and the plurality of secondary speed reducing gears are meshed with the primary speed reducing gear and the annular rack.

Furthermore, the beating piece is a U-shaped comb tooth, and the beating roller is of a circular truncated cone-shaped structure.

Further, the discharging channel is inclined downwards at a certain angle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the novel dust-free rice thresher provided by the invention has the advantages that the threshing efficiency is ensured, the generation of dust is reduced, and the source dust fall is realized.

2. According to the novel dust-free rice thresher, the air curtain dust control technology is adopted, so that generated dust is restrained in a specified range during first diffusion, further dust control is realized, the dust generated in the threshing process is reduced to the maximum extent, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the health of operators is ensured.

3. According to the novel dust-free rice thresher, the feeding shell can be driven to rotate at a low speed through the transmission motor, the beating roller can rotate at a high speed to thresh rice, the clamping assembly clamps rice platycodon grandiflorum, the use of the motor is saved, the structure of the device is optimized, the complex and huge thresher is simplified, a small rice thresher is formed, the use of farmers is facilitated, the novel dust-free rice thresher is particularly suitable for farmers in hilly lands, plateau mountain areas and basin areas, and meanwhile the cost is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a feeding module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the threshing cylinder structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the winnowing module of the present invention

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an angular internal configuration of the air separation module of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a dust control module according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the feeding housing and the fixing housing according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a top view of the connection of the feeder housing and the stationary housing of the present invention.

Wherein: 1. a feeding module; 11. a feeding shell; 111. a feeding port; 12. a drive motor; 13. a speed reduction mechanism; 131. an annular rack; 132. a primary reduction gear; 133. a secondary reduction gear; 14. a clamping assembly; 141. a first splint; 142. a second splint; 143. a drive member; 1431. a first sleeve; 1432. a second sleeve; 1433. a rotating shaft; 1434. a stationary housing; 1435. a feeding gear; 1436. a first rack; 1437. a second rack;

2. a threshing module; 21. striking the roller; 211. beating parts; 22. a hopper;

3. a winnowing module; 31. a fan; 311. a first air outlet; 312. a second air outlet; 313. a third air outlet; 32. a dust guide passage; 33. a discharge channel; 34. a dust collecting box; 341. a discharge port;

4. a dust control module; 41. an air curtain passage; 42. an air guide channel;

5. and a speed reducer.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

A novel dust-free rice thresher is shown in figure 1 and comprises a feeding module 1, a threshing module 2 and a winnowing module 3. Put into the rice that needs threshed through feed module 1, thresh module 2 and separate the corn, selection by winnowing module 3 collects the dust, not only can thresh the rice by the efficient, and reduced the production of dust.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the feeding module 1 includes a feeding housing 11 and a transmission motor 12, the transmission motor 12 drives the feeding housing 11 to rotate at a low speed through a speed reduction mechanism 13, the feeding housing 11 is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of feeding ports 111 are uniformly distributed on the feeding housing 11, and each feeding port 111 is provided with a clamping assembly 14 for clamping rice and platycodon grandiflorum.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the threshing module 2 includes a striking roller 21 and a hopper 22, the striking roller 21 is disposed in the feeding housing 11 and is driven by the transmission motor 12 to rotate at a high speed, a plurality of striking members 211 are uniformly distributed on the striking roller 21, the hopper 22 is disposed below the feeding housing 11, and the hopper 22 is a hollow cavity structure. In the process of threshing rice, most of dust is caused by the fact that the beating piece 211 extrudes rice platycodon grandiflorum in the threshing process, the rice platycodon grandiflorum is clamped by the clamping component 14, and the beating piece 211 on the beating roller 21 is used for threshing the rice, so that source dust fall is realized, and a large amount of dust can be prevented from being generated.

Referring to fig. 4-6, the winnowing module 3 is disposed in the hopper 22, the winnowing module 3 includes a fan 31, a dust collecting box 34, a dust guiding channel 32 and a discharging channel 33, the fan 31 is disposed on one side of the hopper 22 and is provided with an air outlet extending into the hopper 22, the dust collecting box 34 is disposed on the other side of the hopper 22 and is opposite to the fan 31, a dust outlet 341 is disposed at the bottom of the dust collecting box 34, the dust guiding channel 32 is disposed in the dust collecting box 34, and the discharging channel 33 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper 22.

Referring to fig. 4-6, in order to further reduce the generation of dust, the novel dust-free rice thresher further includes a dust control module 4, the dust control module 4 includes an air curtain channel 41 and an air guide channel 42, the air curtain channel 41 is disposed above the dust guide channel 32 and is communicated with the dust guide channel 32, one end of the air guide channel 42 is communicated with the air outlet, and the other end is communicated with the air curtain channel 41. The air guided out from the air guide channel 42 is continuously boosted through the air curtain channel 41, and when blown out, a dense air curtain with three sides is formed, so that dust and debris guided out from the dust guide channel 32 are limited in the air curtain, and are prevented from escaping into the air.

In order to prevent the air guide passage 42 from affecting the air separation process, the air guide passage 42 is an arc-shaped tubular structure, and the two air guide passages 42 are symmetrically arranged in the hopper 22 and tightly attached to the inner wall of the hopper 22. The air outlet of the fan 31 includes a first air outlet 311, a second air outlet 312 and a third air outlet 313, the grains are separated from dust and debris by the air blown from the first air outlet 311, and the second air outlet 312 and the third air outlet 313 are respectively communicated with the two air guide channels 42.

In the process of clamping the rice platycodon grandiflorum, referring to fig. 7 and 8, the clamping assembly 14 comprises a first clamping plate 141 and a second clamping plate 142, wherein the first clamping plate 141 is fixed at the top of the feeding opening 111, and the second clamping plate 142 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding opening 111 and driven by a driving part 143 to move up and down.

The driving part 143 includes a first sleeve 1431, a second sleeve 1432, a rotating shaft 1433, a fixed housing 1434, the second sleeve 1432 is fixed on the second clamping plate 142, the first sleeve 1431 is fixed on the feeding housing 11 and is arranged below the second sleeve 1432, the top end of the rotating shaft 1433 is a lead screw, the first sleeve 1431 is arranged on the top end of the rotating shaft 1433 through a lead screw nut sleeve, the middle part of the rotating shaft 1433 is an optical axis and penetrates through the second sleeve 1432, the bottom of the rotating shaft 1433 is provided with a feeding gear 1435, the fixed housing 1434 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding housing 11 and is fixed on the top of the hopper 22, a rack assembly is arranged on the fixed housing 1434, and the rack assembly drives the feeding gear 143. In the use, rack component drives feed gear 1435 intermittent type reciprocating rotation for pivot 1433 intermittent type reciprocating rotation, because pivot 1433 top is the lead screw, first sleeve 1431 is established on pivot 1433 top through lead screw nut cover, at the in-process of pivot 1433 intermittent type reciprocating rotation, first sleeve 1431 reciprocates, and then drive second splint 142 and reciprocate, thereby make the opening and shutting of feed inlet 111 intermittent type nature, centre gripping rice balloonflower, rice straw has threshed and has taken off by the people again, realize the source dust fall.

Each rack assembly includes a first rack 1436 and a second rack 1437, the feeding gear 1435 is a helical gear, the first rack 1436 and the second rack 1437 are helical racks each capable of engaging with the feeding gear 1435, and the first rack 1436 and the second rack 1437 are oppositely disposed and staggered by a certain distance. When the feeding housing 11 is driven by the transmission motor 12 to rotate at a low speed, the feeding gear 1435 can be driven to move, when the feeding gear 1435 is engaged with the first rack 1436, the feeding gear 1435 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, and when the feeding gear 1435 is engaged with the second rack 1437, the feeding gear 1435 rotates in a reverse direction, so that when the feeding gear 1435 is engaged with the first rack 1436 or the second rack 1437, respectively, reciprocating rotation is formed.

According to the invention, the feeding shell 11 can be driven to rotate at a low speed through the transmission motor 12, the beating roller 21 rotates at a high speed to thresh rice, the clamping component 14 clamps rice platycodon grandiflorum and cuts the rice platycodon grandiflorum, the use of the motor is saved, the structure of the device is optimized, the complex and huge threshing machine is simplified, a small-sized rice threshing machine is formed, the use of a farmer is facilitated, the device is particularly suitable for farmers in hilly lands, plateau mountain areas and basin areas, and the cost is saved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a transmission motor 12 is connected to a reducer 5, an output shaft of the reducer 5 is connected to a transmission shaft through a coupling, the reducer 5 is a planetary reducer 5, the transmission motor 12 transmits power to the transmission shaft after being reduced by the reducer 5, the middle of the transmission shaft is connected to a feeding housing 11 through a reduction mechanism 13, the bottom of the transmission shaft is fixed to a striking roller 21, the reduction mechanism 13 includes a first-stage reduction gear 132 and a ring-shaped rack 131, the feeding housing 11 is provided with the ring-shaped rack 131, the first-stage reduction gear 132 is installed at the middle of the transmission shaft, a second-stage reduction gear 133 is installed between the ring-shaped rack 131 and the first-stage reduction gear 132, a plurality of second-stage reduction gears 133 are annularly distributed outside the first-stage reduction gear 132 and are simultaneously engaged with the first-stage reduction gear 132, the speed is reduced and the speed of the feeding housing 11 is further reduced by the engagement of the secondary reduction gear 133 with the annular rack 131.

According to the invention, the number of the reduction gears can be designed according to actual requirements, or three-level reduction gears can be further designed for further reduction.

Referring to fig. 3, in order to strike grains, the striking member 211 is a U-shaped comb, and the striking roller 21 has a truncated cone shape. The U-shaped comb teeth are large in contact area with the rice ears, the striking force is even, a good threshing effect can be achieved, the U-shaped comb teeth achieve threshing through the mode that grains on the rice ears are struck and scraped, damage to the straws is reduced, and the production amount of straw scraps is reduced.

Referring to fig. 4, the discharging channel 33 is inclined downward at a certain angle to facilitate the rice to flow out.

Referring to fig. 1, the bottom of the device is also provided with a movable wheel and a fixing part for fixing the movable wheel, so that the device is convenient to move, and the adaptability of the device is improved.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A novel dustless rice thresher which is characterized in that: comprises a feeding module, a threshing module and a winnowing module;

2. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 1, wherein: the novel dust-free rice thresher further comprises a dust control module, the dust control module comprises an air curtain channel and an air guide channel, the air curtain channel is arranged in the dust collecting box, the air curtain channel is arranged above the dust guide channel and communicated with the dust guide channel, one end of the air guide channel is communicated with the air outlet, and the other end of the air guide channel is communicated with the air curtain channel.

3. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 2, wherein: the wind guide channels are of arc-shaped tubular structures, and the two wind guide channels are symmetrically arranged in the hopper and are tightly attached to the inner wall of the hopper.

4. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping assembly comprises a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate, the first clamping plate is fixed to the top of the feeding port, and the second clamping plate is arranged at the bottom of the feeding port and driven to move up and down through a driving piece.

5. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 4, wherein: the driving piece comprises a first sleeve, a second sleeve, a rotating shaft and a fixed shell, the second sleeve is fixed on the second clamping plate, the first sleeve is fixed on the feeding shell and is arranged below the first sleeve, the rotating shaft top is a lead screw, the first sleeve is arranged on the rotating shaft top through a lead screw nut sleeve, the rotating shaft middle part is an optical shaft and penetrates through the second sleeve, the rotating shaft bottom is provided with a feeding gear, the fixed shell is arranged at the bottom of the feeding shell and is arranged at the top of the hopper, a rack assembly is arranged on the fixed shell, and the rack assembly drives the feeding gear to rotate intermittently and repeatedly.

6. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 5, wherein: the rack assembly comprises a first rack and a second rack, the feeding gear is a helical gear, the first rack and the second rack are helical racks which can be meshed with the feeding gear, and the first rack and the second rack are oppositely arranged and staggered by a certain distance.

7. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission motor is connected with the speed reducer, an output shaft of the speed reducer is connected with the transmission shaft, the middle of the transmission shaft is connected with the feeding shell through the speed reducing mechanism, and the bottom of the transmission shaft is fixed with the striking roller.

8. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 7, wherein: the feed mechanism comprises a feed shell, a transmission shaft, a feed gear, a speed reducing mechanism and a feeding mechanism, wherein the speed reducing mechanism comprises a primary speed reducing gear and an annular rack, the annular rack is arranged on the feed shell, the primary speed reducing gear is arranged in the middle of the transmission shaft, a secondary speed reducing gear is arranged between the annular rack and the primary speed reducing gear, the secondary speed reducing gears are distributed on the outer side of the primary speed reducing gear in an annular mode, and the secondary speed reducing gears are all meshed with the primary speed reducing gear and the annular rack.

9. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 1, wherein: the beating piece is U-shaped comb teeth, and the beating roller is of a circular truncated cone-shaped structure.

10. The new dust-free rice thresher according to claim 1, wherein: the discharging channel is inclined downwards at a certain angle.