CN112531040B - Grid line structure of photovoltaic cell and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Grid line structure of photovoltaic cell and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112531040B
CN112531040B CN202011370862.5A CN202011370862A CN112531040B CN 112531040 B CN112531040 B CN 112531040B CN 202011370862 A CN202011370862 A CN 202011370862A CN 112531040 B CN112531040 B CN 112531040B
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main
grid
auxiliary
grids
die
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CN112531040A (en
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李祥
顾辉
李健
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Zhejiang Fortune Energy Co ltd
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Zhejiang Fortune Energy Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02Details
    • H01L31/0224Electrodes
    • H01L31/022408Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/022425Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/022433Particular geometry of the grid contacts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/0074Production of other optical elements not provided for in B29D11/00009- B29D11/0073
    • B29D11/00807Producing lenses combined with electronics, e.g. chips
    • B29D11/00817Producing electro-active lenses or lenses with energy receptors, e.g. batteries or antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/1804Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52PV systems with concentrators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a grid line structure of a photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the grid line structure comprises a plurality of main grids and a plurality of auxiliary grids, the main grids and the auxiliary grids are vertically arranged in a staggered manner, each main grid comprises a lower bottom surface, an upper bottom surface and two side inclined planes, the lower bottom surface is connected with the photovoltaic cell, a lens plate capable of transmitting light is arranged on each main grid, an upper light-transmitting groove is formed in the upper surface of the lens plate, a lower light-transmitting groove is formed in the lower surface of the lens plate, the upper light-transmitting groove and the lower light-transmitting groove form a concave lens structure, and the upper bottom surface of each main grid is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower light-transmitting groove. The manufacturing method comprises a lower die and an upper die. Compared with the existing grid line structure, the grid line structure of the photovoltaic cell disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the sunlight loss is reduced, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing process is simple.

Description

Grid line structure of photovoltaic cell and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and particularly relates to a grid line structure of a photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Grid lines on the cell piece comprise a main grid and an auxiliary grid which are used for collecting carriers. But the number and width of the main gates need to be pursued for an optimum value. In the past, it is one of the developing directions of the photovoltaic industry to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. The grid lines occupy a large number of surfaces of the cell, and especially the main grid blocks a large amount of sunlight irradiation. If the sunlight with the same area as the cell can be collected and then irradiated on the effective absorption position (the position which is not shielded by the grid line) of the cell, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell is further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a photovoltaic cell's grid line structure, including a plurality of main bars and a plurality of vice bars, main bar and perpendicular crisscross setting of vice bar, the main bar includes a lower bottom surface, a last bottom surface and two side inclined planes, lower bottom surface, go up the solid construction that bottom surface and two side inclined planes enclose into the cross section and be isosceles trapezoid, the bottom surface links to each other with photovoltaic cell down, be equipped with on the main bar and can non-light tight lens board, the upper surface of lens board is equipped with the light trap, the lower surface of lens board is equipped with down the light trap, go up the light trap and constitute concave lens structure with lower light trap, the middle part of light trap under the last bottom surface fixed connection of main bar.
Preferably, the width of the lens plate is equal to the width of the main grid, and the length of the lens plate is equal to the length of the main grid.
Preferably, the lower light-transmitting groove is provided with an installation groove with a narrow outer part and a wide inner part in the middle, the upper bottom surface of the main grid is provided with an embedded block, the embedded block is wide at the upper part and narrow at the lower part and matched with the installation groove, and the embedded block and the main grid are integrally formed.
Preferably, the cross section of the auxiliary grid is isosceles triangle, and the auxiliary grid comprises two inclined planes.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the two side inclined planes of the main grid and the two inclined planes of the auxiliary grid are both mirror planes.
A manufacturing method of a grid line structure of a photovoltaic cell comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a lens plate, and respectively grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the transparent plate to form the lens plate;
2) the middle part of the lower light-transmitting groove of the lens plate is grooved to form a mounting groove with a narrow outer part and a wide inner part;
3) manufacturing a lower die and an upper die, wherein a plurality of main grooves and a plurality of positioning grooves are formed in the lower die, the main grooves correspond to the main grids one by one, the positioning grooves correspond to the auxiliary grids one by one, the main grooves are matched with the lens plate, the lens plate is placed in the main grooves, the lower light-transmitting grooves face upwards, the cross sections of the positioning grooves are triangular, a plurality of main die cavities and a plurality of auxiliary die cavities are formed in the upper die, the main die cavities correspond to the main grids one by one, the auxiliary die cavities correspond to the auxiliary grids one by one, the main die cavities have the same cross sections as the main grids, a communication opening is formed in the lower surface of the upper die, the auxiliary die cavities have the same cross sections as the auxiliary grids, and positioning protrusions are formed in the lower surface of the upper die and matched with the positioning grooves;
4) preparing slurry for the grid line;
5) pouring the slurry for the grid lines into the main die cavity and the auxiliary die cavity of the upper die, and continuously vibrating to enable the slurry for the grid lines to fill the main die cavity and the auxiliary die cavity and enter the mounting groove along the communication port;
6) drying and demoulding to form a main grid and an auxiliary grid which are integrally connected;
7) polishing two side inclined planes of the main grid and two inclined planes of the auxiliary grid to form a mirror surface;
8) and uniformly coating a layer of silver adhesive on the lower bottom surface of the main grid and the lower bottom surface of the auxiliary grid, adhering the main grid and the auxiliary grid on a silicon wafer through the silver adhesive, and drying.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a grid line structure of a photovoltaic cell and a manufacturing method thereof, which reduce the solar loss and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency compared with the existing grid line structure, and have simple manufacturing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the solar illumination principle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sub-gate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a main gate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a main mold cavity;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the secondary mold cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a grid line structure of a photovoltaic cell, including a plurality of main grids 1 and a plurality of auxiliary grids 2, main grid 1 and auxiliary grids 2 set up crisscross perpendicularly, main grid 1 includes a lower bottom surface 3, an upper bottom surface and two side inclined planes 4, lower bottom surface 3, upper bottom surface and two side inclined planes 4 enclose into the solid construction that the cross section is isosceles trapezoid, lower bottom surface 3 links to each other with photovoltaic cell 5, be equipped with lens plate 6 that can printing opacity on main grid 1, the upper surface of lens plate 6 is equipped with light-permeable groove 7, the lower surface of lens plate 6 is equipped with light-permeable groove 8 down, go up light-permeable groove 7 and light-permeable groove 8 down and constitute concave lens structure, the middle part of light-permeable groove 8 under the last bottom surface fixed connection of main grid 1. The light rays which are originally shielded by the main grid and cannot irradiate the photovoltaic cell 5 irradiate the lens plate 6 of the concave lens structure, most of the light rays are diffused and respectively irradiate effective absorption areas on the photovoltaic cell 5, and therefore the sunlight utilization rate is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved. The cross section of the main grid 1 is isosceles trapezoid, so that sunlight refracted by the lens plate 6 can be avoided, and the carrier collection efficiency of the main grid 1 is not affected.
Further, the width of the lens plate 6 is equal to the width of the main grid 1, and the length of the lens plate 6 is equal to the length of the main grid 1. This makes it possible to almost neglect the blocking of sunlight by the primary grid 1.
Furthermore, the middle part of the lower light-transmitting groove 8 is provided with an installation groove 9 which is narrow outside and wide inside, the upper bottom surface of the main grid 1 is provided with an embedded block 10, the embedded block 10 is wide on the upper part and narrow on the lower part and is matched with the installation groove 9, and the embedded block 10 and the main grid 1 are integrally formed. Therefore, the lens plate 6 is more stably connected with the main grid 1, and the lens plate 6 is not easy to fall off.
Furthermore, the cross section of the auxiliary grid 2 is in an isosceles triangle shape, and the auxiliary grid 2 comprises two inclined planes 11.
Furthermore, the two side inclined planes 4 of the main grate 1 and the two inclined planes 11 of the auxiliary grate 2 are both mirror surfaces.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, a method for manufacturing a gate line structure of a photovoltaic cell includes the following steps:
1) manufacturing a lens plate, and respectively grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the transparent plate to form a lens plate 6;
2) the middle part of the lower light-transmitting groove of the lens plate 6 is grooved to form a mounting groove 9 with a narrow outer part and a wide inner part;
3) manufacturing a lower die 11 and an upper die 12, wherein a plurality of main grooves 13 and a plurality of positioning grooves 14 are arranged in the lower die 11, the main grooves 13 correspond to the main grids 1 one by one, the positioning grooves 14 correspond to the auxiliary grids 2 one by one, the main grooves 13 are matched with the lens plate 6, the lens plate 6 is placed in the main grooves 1, the lower light transmission grooves 8 face upwards, the cross sections of the positioning grooves 14 are triangular, a plurality of main die cavities 15 and a plurality of auxiliary die cavities 16 are arranged in the upper die 12, the main die cavities 15 correspond to the main grids 1 one by one, the auxiliary die cavities 16 correspond to the auxiliary grids 2 one by one, the main die cavities 15 have the same cross sections as the main grids 1, communication ports 17 are formed in the lower surface of the upper die 12, the auxiliary die cavities 16 have the same cross sections as the auxiliary grids 2, the auxiliary die cavities 16 form positioning bulges 18 in the lower surface of the upper die 12, and the positioning bulges 18 are matched with the positioning grooves 14;
4) preparing slurry for the grid line;
5) pouring the slurry for the grid lines into the main mold cavity 15 and the auxiliary mold cavity 16 of the upper mold 12, vibrating continuously, matching with a scraper plate, filling the main mold cavity 15 and the auxiliary mold cavity 16 with the slurry for the grid lines, and entering the mounting groove 9 along the communication opening 17;
6) drying and demoulding to form a main grid 1 and an auxiliary grid 2 which are integrally connected;
7) polishing two side inclined planes 4 of the main grid 1 and two inclined planes 11 of the auxiliary grid 2 to form a mirror surface;
8) and uniformly coating a layer of silver adhesive on the lower bottom surface 3 of the main grid 1 and the lower bottom surface of the auxiliary grid 2, adhering the main grid 1 and the auxiliary grid 2 on a silicon wafer through the silver adhesive, and drying.
The lower surface of the upper mold 12 has a curvature matching the lower light-transmitting groove 8 near the communication opening 17 to prevent the slurry from leaking. The positioning grooves 14 and the positioning projections 18 function to position the lower mold 11 and the upper mold 12.
It should be noted that the technical features of the gate line paste, the silver paste, etc. related to the present invention should be regarded as the prior art, and the specific structure, the operation principle, the control mode and the spatial arrangement mode of the technical features may be selected conventionally in the field, and should not be regarded as the invention point of the present invention, and the present invention is not further specifically described in detail.
Having described in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated that modifications and variations can be devised by those skilled in the art without inventive faculty, and it is intended that all technical solutions that can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the concepts of the present invention by means of logic analysis, reasoning and limited experimentation based on the prior art will fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (1)

1. A manufacturing method of a grid line structure of a photovoltaic cell is characterized in that the grid line structure of the photovoltaic cell comprises a plurality of main grids and a plurality of auxiliary grids, the main grids and the auxiliary grids are vertically arranged in a staggered mode, each main grid comprises a lower bottom surface, an upper bottom surface and two side inclined surfaces, the lower bottom surfaces, the upper bottom surfaces and the two side inclined surfaces form a solid structure with an isosceles trapezoid cross section, the lower bottom surfaces are connected with the photovoltaic cell, a lens plate capable of transmitting light is arranged on each main grid, an upper light transmission groove is arranged on the upper surface of each lens plate, a lower light transmission groove is arranged on the lower surface of each lens plate, each upper light transmission groove and each lower light transmission groove form a concave lens structure, the upper bottom surfaces of the main grids are fixedly connected with the middle parts of the lower light transmission grooves, the width of each lens plate is equal to that of the main grids, the length of each lens plate is equal to that of the main grids, an installation groove with the narrow outside and wide inside is arranged in the middle part of each lower light transmission groove, an embedding block is arranged on the upper bottom surface of each main grid, the embedded block is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom and is matched with the mounting groove, and the embedded block and the main grid are integrally formed;
the cross section of the auxiliary grid is in an isosceles triangle shape, and the auxiliary grid comprises two inclined planes;
the two side inclined planes of the main grid and the two inclined planes of the auxiliary grid are mirror surfaces;
the manufacturing method of the grid line structure of the photovoltaic cell comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing a lens plate, and respectively grooving the upper surface and the lower surface of the transparent plate to form the lens plate;
2) the middle part of the lower light-transmitting groove of the lens plate is grooved to form a mounting groove with a narrow outer part and a wide inner part;
3) manufacturing a lower die and an upper die, wherein a plurality of main grooves and a plurality of positioning grooves are formed in the lower die, the main grooves correspond to the main grids one by one, the positioning grooves correspond to the auxiliary grids one by one, the main grooves are matched with the lens plate, the lens plate is placed in the main grooves, the lower light-transmitting grooves face upwards, the cross sections of the positioning grooves are triangular, a plurality of main die cavities and a plurality of auxiliary die cavities are formed in the upper die, the main die cavities correspond to the main grids one by one, the auxiliary die cavities correspond to the auxiliary grids one by one, the main die cavities have the same cross sections as the main grids, a communication opening is formed in the lower surface of the upper die, the auxiliary die cavities have the same cross sections as the auxiliary grids, and positioning protrusions are formed in the lower surface of the upper die and matched with the positioning grooves;
4) preparing slurry for the grid line;
5) pouring the slurry for the grid lines into the main die cavity and the auxiliary die cavity of the upper die, and continuously vibrating to enable the slurry for the grid lines to fill the main die cavity and the auxiliary die cavity and enter the mounting groove along the communication port;
6) drying and demoulding to form a main grid and an auxiliary grid which are integrally connected;
7) polishing two side inclined planes of the main grid and two inclined planes of the auxiliary grid to form a mirror surface;
8) and uniformly coating a layer of silver adhesive on the lower bottom surface of the main grid and the lower bottom surface of the auxiliary grid, adhering the main grid and the auxiliary grid on a silicon chip through the silver adhesive, and drying.
CN202011370862.5A 2020-11-30 2020-11-30 Grid line structure of photovoltaic cell and manufacturing method thereof Active CN112531040B (en)

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CN201975407U (en) * 2011-05-10 2011-09-14 茂迪(苏州)新能源有限公司 Glass for solar photovoltaic assembly
CN103400869A (en) * 2013-06-27 2013-11-20 北京大学深圳研究生院 Solar battery and front-side electrode thereof
CN104300023A (en) * 2014-09-24 2015-01-21 苏州盛康光伏科技有限公司 Solar photovoltaic module
CN208045523U (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-11-02 刘岩岩 A kind of connection structure of low resistance type reflective solder strip
CN209747528U (en) * 2019-05-08 2019-12-06 浙江创盛光能源有限公司 Solar cell packaging structure

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